CN114759884A - Dual-mode power amplifier output power test system and ALC level control/standing wave protection system formed by same - Google Patents
Dual-mode power amplifier output power test system and ALC level control/standing wave protection system formed by same Download PDFInfo
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- CN114759884A CN114759884A CN202210352505.9A CN202210352505A CN114759884A CN 114759884 A CN114759884 A CN 114759884A CN 202210352505 A CN202210352505 A CN 202210352505A CN 114759884 A CN114759884 A CN 114759884A
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- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 23
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/30—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce influence of variations of temperature or supply voltage or other physical parameters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/189—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers
- H03F3/19—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/195—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only in integrated circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
- H03F3/21—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/213—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only in integrated circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H11/00—Networks using active elements
- H03H11/02—Multiple-port networks
- H03H11/24—Frequency-independent attenuators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H7/00—Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components
- H03H7/24—Frequency- independent attenuators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
- H03F2200/451—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers the amplifier being a radio frequency amplifier
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
- H03F2200/468—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers the temperature being sensed
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system for testing the output power of a dual-mode power amplifier, which comprises a radio frequency input end and a radio frequency output end; the radio frequency input end is connected with an amplifying module, and the amplifying module is connected with the radio frequency output end through a directional coupler; the signal output by the coupling end of the directional coupler is divided into two paths which are respectively connected to a forward peak detector and a forward mean detector; the signal output by the isolation end of the directional coupler is divided into two paths which are respectively connected to the reverse peak detector and the reverse mean detector.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronics, in particular to a dual-mode power amplifier output power test system and an ALC level control/standing wave protection system formed by the same.
Background
In wireless communication, the final transmission of signals needs to be amplified to be propagated in space, and a module capable of realizing an amplification function is a power amplifier. The automatic level control ALC technology in the power amplifier is used for accurately controlling output power, and the standing wave protection function is used for protecting the power amplifier. Both the ALC automatic level control technique and the standing wave protection function are based on accurate testing of the output power.
Generally, the amplification signal is classified into a continuous wave power amplifier and a pulse power amplifier according to the form of the amplified signal. For continuous wave power amplifiers, a mean detector is usually used to measure the output power, but continuous wave power amplifiers may also enter the rf pulse modulated signal in some cases, in which case the power measured using mean detection is inaccurate. If a peak detector is used to measure the output power for a continuous wave signal, the peak detected power for a particular signal, such as a swept frequency, polyphonic, diphone, etc., is also inaccurate. For ALC automatic level control techniques, it appears that the output power is inaccurate. For the standing wave protection circuit, the standing wave ratio is calculated incorrectly, so that false alarm is caused, and no alarm is caused in serious conditions, so that the power amplifier is burnt.
The detector has detection voltage fluctuation under high and low temperature environments, namely under the condition of the same input power, the voltage values measured under different environmental working temperatures have certain difference. The detector also has the fluctuation of detection voltage under different radio frequency input frequencies, namely under the condition of the same input power, the voltage values measured under the radio frequency input under the conditions of different frequencies have certain difference. These characteristics of the detector can cause the deviation of the measured values of the detector under different operating temperature environments and different frequencies of radio frequency input.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dual-mode power amplifier output power test system with peak value and mean value detection and an ALC level control/standing wave protection system formed by the same.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the dual-mode power amplifier output power test system comprises a radio frequency input end and a radio frequency output end; the radio frequency input end is connected with an amplifying module, and the amplifying module is connected with the radio frequency output end through a directional coupler; the signal output by the coupling end of the directional coupler is divided into two paths which are respectively connected to a forward peak detector and a forward mean detector;
the signal output by the isolation end of the directional coupler is divided into two paths which are respectively connected to the reverse peak detector and the reverse mean detector.
As a preferred mode, the coupling end of the directional coupler and the isolation end of the directional coupler are both connected with an equalizer, and the signals output by the coupling end of the directional coupler and the isolation end of the directional coupler are divided into two paths through one path of the equalizer.
As a preferred mode, the amplifying module includes a driving amplifier, an input end of the driving amplifier serves as an input end of the amplifying module, an output end of the driving amplifier is connected with input ends of the plurality of amplifiers through power distribution, and output ends of the plurality of amplifiers are combined into one path through power to serve as an output end of the amplifying module.
The dual-mode power amplifier output power testing system comprises the dual-mode power amplifier output power testing system, a control module, a digital attenuation unit and an analog attenuation unit, wherein the dual-mode power amplifier output power testing system is as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3; the control unit is connected with the digital attenuation unit and the analog attenuation unit and sends a control instruction to the digital attenuation unit and the analog attenuation unit; the analog attenuation unit and the digital attenuation unit are sequentially connected between a radio frequency input end and an amplification module in the dual-mode power amplifier output power test system; the forward peak detector, the forward mean detector, the reverse peak detector and the reverse mean detector are all connected to the control module.
Preferably, the analog attenuation unit and the digital attenuation unit are connected through an amplifier.
As a preferred mode, the radio frequency input end is connected with a primary power distribution module and a secondary power distribution module, and the radio frequency input end is connected with the secondary power distribution module and a detector through the primary power distribution module; the secondary power distribution module is connected with the analog attenuator and the wave detector; the detectors are all connected with the control module;
if the detector connected with the primary power division module is a peak detector, the average detector connected with the secondary power division module is a peak detector;
and if the detector connected with the primary power division module is the mean value detector, the power division detector connected with the secondary power division module.
Preferably, the control module is further connected with a temperature sensor.
As a preferred mode, the control module is further connected with a high-speed comparator, and the high-speed comparator is further connected with a peak detector for detecting a signal at the radio frequency input end.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
because the equalizer is adopted to realize the condition of the same output power under different frequencies in a large broadband range, the voltages converted by the detector are consistent. The problem that a fitting formula for fitting the output power by the detection voltage is irrelevant to the input frequency is solved, and a large number of lookup tables and segmentation programs are avoided.
The dual-mode detection module is suitable for output power detection under different input signal conditions. The accuracy of power detection of different input signals is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below by way of specific embodiments, but the present invention may be described by other embodiments without departing from the technical features of the invention, and therefore all changes within the scope of the present invention or the equivalent scope of the present invention are encompassed by the present invention.
Examples
The dual-mode power amplifier output power test system comprises a radio frequency input end and a radio frequency output end, wherein the radio frequency input end is connected to the input end of the power divider I, so that a signal input by the radio frequency is divided into two paths by the power divider I. The output end of the power divider I is respectively connected with the input end of the power divider II and the input end of the peak detector. The output end of the peak detector is connected with the input end of a high-speed comparator and the input end of a two-way ADC (analog-to-digital converter); the output end of the high-speed comparator and the output end of the two-way ADC (analog-to-digital converter) are connected to the control module. The two paths of signals are divided by the power divider I, one path of signals enters the power divider II and is divided into two paths again, the other path of signals enters the peak detector and is converted into peak voltage, and the peak voltage is transmitted to the control module for peak power detection of the radio frequency input signals after the data are acquired at high speed by the two-path ADC.
The output end of the power divider II is respectively connected with the input end of the mean value detector and the input end of the analog attenuator; the output of the mean detector is connected to the input of the two-way ADC. In the two paths of signals divided by the power divider II, one path of signals enters the mean value detector after being divided, and after being converted into mean value voltage, the two paths of signals are sent to the control module after data are collected by the two paths of ADCs and used for mean value power detection of the radio frequency input signals.
It is worth noting that the peak detector and mean detector positions for detecting the rf input may be interchanged, but the high speed comparator is connected to the peak detector.
The output end of the analog attenuator is sequentially connected with the amplifier I, the numerical control attenuator and the driving amplifier; the output end of the drive amplifier is divided into n (n is more than or equal to 2) paths through power distribution and is connected with the input ends of n amplifiers II. The output ends of the n amplifiers II are connected to the input end of the directional coupler through power synthesis. The output end of the directional coupler is connected with the radio frequency output end.
The directional coupler is a passive four-port device with reciprocal ports and comprises four ports, an input end, an output end, a coupling end and an isolation end. The coupling end of the directional coupler is connected to the input end of the equalizer I; the output end of the equalizer I is divided into two paths which are respectively connected with the input end of the forward peak detector and the input end of the forward mean detector; the output end of the positive peak detector and the output end of the positive average detector are connected to the input end of the 4-path ADC.
The isolation end of the directional coupler is connected to the input end of the equalizer II; the output end of the equalizer II is divided into two paths which are respectively connected with the input end of the reverse peak detector and the input end of the reverse mean value detector; the output end of the inverse peak detector and the output end of the inverse mean detector are connected to the input end of the 4-path ADC.
Because the coupling quantities of the directional couplers under different input frequencies are different, in order to ensure that the power of radio-frequency signals with different output frequencies under the same output power reaches the detector through the directional couplers is consistent, an equalizer is added behind the couplers.
The output end of the 4-path ADC is connected to the control module. The control module is also connected to the numerical control attenuator; the control module is also connected to the analog attenuator through a one-way DAC (digital-to-analog converter). The control module is also connected with the temperature sensor.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the power of the radio frequency input signal is divided into two paths, wherein one path enters a peak detector, is converted into peak voltage, and then is sent to a control module for peak power detection of the radio frequency input signal after data is collected by a two-path ADC; the other path of power-divided signal enters the power divider again to be divided into two paths, wherein one path of power-divided signal enters the mean value detector, is converted into mean value voltage, and then is sent to the control module for mean value power detection of the radio frequency input signal after data is collected by the two-path ADC; and the other path of radio frequency input signal after power division sequentially enters the analog attenuator, the amplifier, the numerical control attenuator, the drive amplifier and the power distribution unit, and finally the power amplifiers are combined into one path to be output. The output power amplifier signal enters the directional coupler for radio frequency output. The forward and reverse coupling signals output by the radio frequency respectively enter the mean detector and the peak detector and are converted into mean voltage and peak voltage of the forward radio frequency output signal and mean voltage and peak voltage of the reverse radio frequency output signal. The four detection voltage signals are sent to the control module after data are collected by the four ADC circuits and are used for forward peak power detection, forward mean power detection, reverse peak power detection and reverse mean power detection of the radio frequency output signals.
The control module obtains ALC control voltage according to the obtained forward output power and reverse output power, controls the attenuation of the analog attenuator and the attenuation of the FPGA control digital attenuator through the DAC, and adjusts the output power of the output signal to realize Automatic Level Control (ALC); and the control module calculates the standing wave ratio of the output port in real time according to the obtained forward output power and the reverse output power, and controls a TTL (transistor-transistor logic) modulation circuit of the power amplifier module to close the power amplifier when the standing wave ratio exceeds a preset alarm threshold of the system, so that the standing wave protection function is realized.
The temperature sensor is used for acquiring the temperature of the system at regular time and compensating the temperature according to the temperature of the system.
The mean detection and the peak detection of the radio frequency input end are used for power detection of input signals, are mainly used for over-excitation protection or automatic gain control of the input signals, are a supplement to ALC (adaptive logic controller) control and standing wave protection functions, and only when the input power meets certain conditions, the ALC and the standing wave protection functions play a role. The high-speed comparator is used for detecting the power of the radio frequency modulation pulse signal, the radio frequency modulation pulse signal enters the high-speed comparator after passing through the input end peak detector to obtain the trigger signal of the ADC, and the high-speed ADC performs real-time sampling according to the trigger signals to obtain the digital voltage signal of the radio frequency modulation pulse signal.
In this embodiment, the temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature of the system at regular time, and perform temperature compensation according to the system temperature.
The control method for realizing the ALC level control and standing wave protection of the dual-mode power amplifier by utilizing the system comprises the following steps:
1. output power calibration: the digital voltage signal is converted into a corresponding output power. Under the condition of fixed output frequency, the output power is changed, and 5 groups of digital voltage signals under the output power are recorded by adopting 5-point linear fitting. Thereby obtaining a linear fitting formula of the output power and the voltage signal. And simultaneously calibrating the peak output power and the average output power to respectively obtain a peak output power fitting formula and an average output power fitting formula.
2. Temperature compensation: because the peak detector has fluctuation of 1db in the upper and lower directions in the high and low temperature environments, temperature compensation needs to be added on the basis of a peak output power fitting formula, so that the output power calculated by the digital voltage obtained by the detector under the same output power is consistent under different temperature environments.
3. The corresponding detection mode is selected according to the difference of the input signals, for example, a mean detector is usually selected for continuous wave signals, and a peak detector is selected for pulse modulation signals.
4. Automatic level control: and (4) presetting output power P1, firstly calculating the current output power according to the digital detection voltage by using a linear fitting formula of the output power and the voltage signal obtained by previous calibration, then adjusting the digital control signal of the DAC according to the difference value of the current output power to the preset output power P1, if the current output value is larger than P1, increasing the analog attenuator, otherwise, decreasing the analog attenuator. Until the output power and the preset output power are within a certain error range, and finally the output power is stabilized at P1.
5. And (3) standing wave protection function: calculating the current forward output power Pf and the current reverse output power PB according to the digital detection voltage, obtaining return loss RL with db as a unit according to PF-PB, obtaining a reflection coefficient Rho according to the return loss, wherein Rho is 10^ (RL/-20), obtaining VSWR according to the reflection coefficient, wherein the VSWR is (1+ Rho)/(1-Rho), and modulating TTL of the power amplifier to close the protection power amplifier if the output standing wave exceeds a preset standing wave protection threshold.
It should be noted that, based on the above structural design, in order to solve the same technical problems, even if some insubstantial modifications or colorings are made on the present invention, the adopted technical solution is still the same as the present invention, and therefore, the technical solution should be within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The dual-mode power amplifier output power test system is characterized by comprising a radio frequency input end and a radio frequency output end; the radio frequency input end is connected with an amplifying module, and the amplifying module is connected with the radio frequency output end through a directional coupler; the signal output by the coupling end of the directional coupler is divided into two paths which are respectively connected to a forward peak detector and a forward mean detector;
the signal output by the isolation end of the directional coupler is divided into two paths which are respectively connected to an inverse peak detector and an inverse mean detector.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the coupling end of the directional coupler and the isolation end of the directional coupler are connected to an equalizer, and one path of the signal output by the coupling end of the directional coupler and the isolation end of the directional coupler is divided into two paths by the equalizer.
3. The dual-mode power amplifier output power test system of claim 1, wherein the amplifying module comprises a driver amplifier, an input terminal of the driver amplifier is used as an input terminal of the amplifying module, an output terminal of the driver amplifier is connected with input terminals of the plurality of amplifiers through power distribution, and output terminals of the plurality of amplifiers are combined into a path through power to be used as an output terminal of the amplifying module.
4. An ALC level control/standing wave protection system formed by a dual-mode power amplifier output power test system is characterized by comprising the dual-mode power amplifier output power test system, a control module, a digital attenuation unit and an analog attenuation unit, wherein the dual-mode power amplifier output power test system comprises the dual-mode power amplifier output power test system, the control module, the digital attenuation unit and the analog attenuation unit; the control unit is connected with the digital attenuation unit and the analog attenuation unit and sends a control instruction to the digital attenuation unit and the analog attenuation unit; the analog attenuation unit and the digital attenuation unit are sequentially connected between a radio frequency input end and an amplification module in the dual-mode power amplifier output power test system; the forward peak detector, the forward mean detector, the reverse peak detector and the reverse mean detector are all connected to the control module.
5. The ALC level control/standing wave protection system, consisting of dual-mode power amplifier output power test system, as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the analog attenuation unit and the digital attenuation unit are connected through an amplifier.
6. The ALC level control/standing wave protection system formed by the dual-mode power amplifier output power test system of claim 4, wherein the radio frequency input terminal is connected with a primary power division module and a secondary power division module, and the radio frequency input terminal is connected with the secondary power division module and a wave detector through the primary power division module; the secondary power distribution module is connected with the analog attenuator and the wave detector; the detectors are all connected with the control module;
if the detector connected with the primary power division module is a peak detector, the average detector connected with the secondary power division module is a peak detector;
and if the detector connected with the primary power division module is a mean value detector, the power division detector connected with the secondary power division module.
7. The ALC level control/standing wave protection system of the dual-mode power amplifier output power test system of claim 4, wherein the control module is further coupled to a temperature sensor.
8. The ALC level control/standing wave protection system in accordance with claim 6, a dual mode power amplifier output power test system, wherein the control module is further connected to a high speed comparator, the high speed comparator is further connected to a peak detector for detecting the signal at the RF input.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210352505.9A CN114759884A (en) | 2022-04-05 | 2022-04-05 | Dual-mode power amplifier output power test system and ALC level control/standing wave protection system formed by same |
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| CN202210352505.9A CN114759884A (en) | 2022-04-05 | 2022-04-05 | Dual-mode power amplifier output power test system and ALC level control/standing wave protection system formed by same |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5553318A (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1996-09-03 | Nec Corporation | Transmitter having envelope feedback loop and automatic level control loop |
| JP2000349738A (en) * | 1999-06-07 | 2000-12-15 | Nec Saitama Ltd | Automatic level controller for multiplex modulation wave |
| CN107565918A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-01-09 | 成都四威功率电子科技有限公司 | A kind of compatible pulse and standing wave, dutycycle protection circuit and its control method excessively of continuous wave mode |
| CN111181509A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-05-19 | 安科讯(福建)科技有限公司 | 5G NR radio frequency power amplifier |
-
2022
- 2022-04-05 CN CN202210352505.9A patent/CN114759884A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5553318A (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1996-09-03 | Nec Corporation | Transmitter having envelope feedback loop and automatic level control loop |
| JP2000349738A (en) * | 1999-06-07 | 2000-12-15 | Nec Saitama Ltd | Automatic level controller for multiplex modulation wave |
| CN107565918A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-01-09 | 成都四威功率电子科技有限公司 | A kind of compatible pulse and standing wave, dutycycle protection circuit and its control method excessively of continuous wave mode |
| CN111181509A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-05-19 | 安科讯(福建)科技有限公司 | 5G NR radio frequency power amplifier |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘长文;冯克明;: "宽频带信号源稳幅环路设计", 宇航计测技术, no. 05, 25 October 2006 (2006-10-25), pages 16 - 19 * |
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