CN114704815A - Vapor heat storage system - Google Patents
Vapor heat storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114704815A CN114704815A CN202210369674.3A CN202210369674A CN114704815A CN 114704815 A CN114704815 A CN 114704815A CN 202210369674 A CN202210369674 A CN 202210369674A CN 114704815 A CN114704815 A CN 114704815A
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- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 170
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 164
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/06—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being molten; Use of molten metal, e.g. zinc, as heat transfer medium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/50—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D11/00—Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups
- F22D11/02—Arrangements of feed-water pumps
- F22D11/06—Arrangements of feed-water pumps for returning condensate to boiler
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/08—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
- F28D2020/0047—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material using molten salts or liquid metals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a steam heat storage system which comprises a boiler, a heat exchanger, a mixer, a molten salt energy storage assembly and a water pump, wherein the boiler is provided with a flue and a steam port, the heat exchanger is respectively communicated with the flue and the steam port so that flue gas and steam in the boiler respectively flow into the heat exchanger and exchange heat in the heat exchanger to raise the temperature of the flue gas, the mixer is communicated with the steam port so that steam flowing out of the boiler flows into the mixer, the mixer is communicated with the heat exchanger so that the steam after heat exchange of the heat exchanger flows into the mixer, and the mixer is used for mixing the steam so that the temperature of the steam is reduced to a first preset value. The steam heat storage system has the advantages of simple structure, high energy utilization rate, low cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat storage and peak regulation of coal-fired power plants, in particular to a steam heat storage system.
Background
China is a big coal-fired country, installed capacity of a coal-fired generator set is the first worldwide, in order to improve the consumption capacity of a power grid on clean energy such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like, flexible transformation is gradually carried out on the coal-fired generator set, and through technical transformation and optimized operation, the minimum output of most of the generator sets is reduced from about 50% of rated load to 30-40% of rated load. However, with the rapid development of clean energy sources such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like, under the background of carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization, the requirements of a power grid on peak regulation and frequency modulation power supplies cannot be met by flexible modification of a coal-storage electric unit, and a coal-fired power plant is provided with energy storage in a certain proportion to become a main regulation means.
In the related art, the peak regulation capability is poor, and the energy storage efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is based on the discovery and recognition by the inventors of the following facts and problems:
in the related art, the main energy storage technologies include: battery energy storage, hot water energy storage, compressed air energy storage, flywheel energy storage, molten salt energy storage and the like. At present, except certain applications of battery energy storage and electric heating energy storage in coal-fired power plants, applications of other energy storage modes are rarely reported. Taking electrical heating energy storage as an example, at present, an electrical heating heat storage system is mainly configured, that is, in a power consumption valley period, partial electric energy generated by a thermal power generating unit is stored by an electrical heating heat storage medium to supply heat to a building. Therefore, from the viewpoint of energy conversion efficiency, the mode of peak shaving of the steam heat storage is from heat → heat, and the efficiency is higher than that of the mode of electric heating energy storage no matter whether the later stage is used for heating or returning to a thermodynamic system for generating electricity.
In addition, in the low-load peak-shaving operation process of the unit, along with the reduction of the load and the reduction of the coal burning quantity, the inlet smoke temperature of the denitration device is gradually reduced to be lower than 300 ℃, the denitration catalyst is in the risk of inactivation, and various technical transformation measures are required to be adopted to improve the inlet smoke temperature of the denitration device. The main technical reconstruction measures for improving the inlet smoke temperature of the denitration device comprise reconstruction of an external smoke bypass of the coal economizer, reconstruction of a water supply bypass of the coal economizer, classification reconstruction of the coal economizer, reconstruction of hot water recycling, reconstruction of gas afterburning heating and the like.
The invention patent with the application number of 202111230323.6 discloses an energy storage peak shaving system suitable for reheating unit steam heating fused salt, which mainly adopts a mode of extracting boiler superheated steam to enter a fused salt energy storage system for heat storage, so that the reduction of unit load is realized, meanwhile, in order to avoid the overtemperature of a reheater, part of hot reheater steam with work-doing capacity is injected back to a cold reheater through high pressure injection, and the hot reheater steam is mixed with high-pressure cylinder exhaust gas and then enters the reheater again, so that the energy conversion efficiency is low.
The utility model discloses a patent number is CN202022039229. X's utility model discloses a wide load deNOx systems of power plant boiler takes the mode that extracts boiler superheated steam heating denitrification facility's entry flue gas to improve the gas temperature to ensure the operation safety of boiler low-load denitration catalyst, main steam power ability is strong, directly extracts and is used for heating flue gas energy conversion inefficiency, and has the risk of reheater overtemperature.
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a steam heat storage system with high energy storage efficiency and high peak regulation conversion rate.
The vapor heat storage system of the embodiment of the invention comprises: a boiler having a flue and a steam port; the heat exchanger is respectively communicated with the flue and the steam port, so that the flue gas and the steam in the boiler respectively flow into the heat exchanger and exchange heat in the heat exchanger to increase the temperature of the flue gas; the mixer is communicated with the steam port, so that the steam flowing out of the boiler flows into the mixer, the mixer is communicated with the heat exchanger, so that the steam subjected to heat exchange through the heat exchanger flows into the mixer, and the mixer is used for mixing the steam to reduce the temperature of the steam to a first preset value; the steam heat storage system comprises a molten salt energy storage assembly and a water pump, wherein the steam heat storage system has a first state and a second state, the molten salt energy storage assembly is communicated with the mixer in the first state, so that steam mixed by the mixer flows into the molten salt energy storage assembly to enable the molten salt energy storage assembly to store energy, and the water pump is communicated with the molten salt energy storage assembly in the second state, so that condensed water flows into the molten salt energy storage assembly through the water pump and exchanges heat with molten salt in the molten salt energy storage assembly to enable the molten salt energy storage assembly to release energy.
The steam heat storage system provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with the boiler, the heat exchanger, the mixer, the molten salt energy storage assembly and the water pump, and the heat storage and peak regulation and the steam heating flue gas are organically combined to realize the wide-load denitration, so that the problem of low inlet smoke temperature of a denitration device under low load is solved, and the operation safety of a denitration catalyst is ensured; the load of the unit is reduced through steam extraction and heat storage, and the deep peak regulation capacity of the unit is improved; meanwhile, the energy conversion efficiency of the molten salt heat storage system is improved through the cascade utilization of the high-temperature steam.
In some embodiments, the steam heat storage system further comprises a liquid storage tank, and in the first state, the liquid storage tank is communicated with the molten salt energy storage assembly, so that the condensed water subjected to heat exchange by the molten salt energy storage assembly flows into the liquid storage tank.
In some embodiments, the vapor thermal storage system further comprises a temperature regulating assembly in communication with the liquid storage tank for delivering condensed water to the liquid storage tank to adjust the temperature within the liquid storage tank.
In some embodiments, in the second state, the liquid storage tank is in communication with the water pump so that condensate in the liquid storage tank flows into the molten salt energy storage assembly through the water pump.
In some embodiments, the steam heat storage system further comprises a steam header, the steam header is communicated with the molten salt energy storage assembly, so that steam subjected to heat exchange through the molten salt energy storage assembly flows into the steam header, and the steam header is used for replacing auxiliary steam or extraction of a unit.
In some embodiments, the temperature of the steam flowing out of the mixer is a first temperature, the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt energy storage assembly is a second temperature, and when the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature is smaller than a second preset value, the mixer is communicated with the steam header so that the steam mixed by the mixer flows into the steam header.
In some embodiments, the steam heat storage system further comprises a heat supply pipeline, and in the second state, the heat supply pipeline is communicated with the molten salt energy storage assembly, so that the steam heated by energy released by the molten salt energy storage assembly flows into the heat supply pipeline, and the heat supply pipeline is used for supplying heat to the client.
In some embodiments, the temperature of the steam flowing out of the mixer is a first temperature, the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt energy storage assembly is a second temperature, and when the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature is smaller than a second preset value, the mixer is communicated with the heat supply pipeline, so that the steam mixed by the mixer flows into the heat supply pipeline.
In some embodiments, the steam heat storage system further comprises a deaerator, the deaerator is connected with the water pump so as to deaerate condensed water flowing into the water pump, and in the second state, the molten salt energy storage assembly is communicated with the deaerator so that steam after energy release and heat exchange of the molten salt energy storage assembly flows into the deaerator.
In some embodiments, the molten salt energy storage assembly comprises a plurality of molten salt energy storage units, and the plurality of molten salt energy storage units are sequentially communicated, so that the steam and the condensed water exchange heat step by step in the molten salt energy storage assembly.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vapor heat storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
a vapor thermal storage system 100;
a boiler 1; a heat exchanger 2; a first valve 3; a mixer 4; a second valve 5; a molten salt energy storage assembly 6; a third valve 7; a steam header 8; a fourth valve 9; a liquid storage tank 10; a fifth valve 11; a first water pump 12; a condensed water heater 13; a water pump 14; a sixth valve 15; a deaerator 16; a ninth valve 17; a seventh valve 18; an eighth valve 19; a heat supply pipeline 20.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
A vapor heat storage system of an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the steam heat storage system of the embodiment of the present invention includes a boiler 1, a heat exchanger 2, a mixer 4, a molten salt energy storage assembly 6, and a water pump 14.
The boiler 1 has a flue (not shown in the figure) and a steam port (not shown in the figure). Specifically, the flue gas in the boiler 1 flows out from the flue, and the steam in the boiler 1 flows out from the steam port.
The heat exchanger 2 is respectively communicated with the flue and the steam port, so that the flue gas and the steam in the boiler 1 respectively flow into the heat exchanger 2 and exchange heat in the heat exchanger 2 to increase the temperature of the flue gas. Specifically, heat exchanger 2 includes first import (not shown in the figure), the second import (not shown in the figure), first export (not shown in the figure) and second export (not shown in the figure), first import and flue intercommunication, flue gas in the boiler 1 flows into first import, the second import communicates with the steam port, steam and the second import intercommunication in the boiler 1 for flue gas and steam carry out the heat transfer in heat exchanger 2, the temperature of steam reduces, the temperature of flue gas rises, first export communicates with denitrification facility's entry, thereby the flue gas after will rising the temperature flows into denitrification facility, prevent the deactivation of denitration catalyst.
The mixer 4 is communicated with the steam port so that the steam flowing out of the boiler 1 flows into the mixer 4, the mixer 4 is communicated with the heat exchanger 2 so that the steam subjected to heat exchange by the heat exchanger 2 flows into the mixer 4, and the mixer 4 is used for mixing the steam so as to reduce the temperature of the steam to a first preset value. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the inlet of the mixer 4 is communicated with the second outlet and the steam port of the heat exchanger 2 respectively, steam in the boiler 1 flows into the mixer 4, steam after heat exchange and temperature reduction of the heat exchanger 2 flows into the mixer 4, steam in the boiler 1 and steam after heat exchange of the heat exchanger 2 are mixed, the temperature of the mixer 4 is reduced to a first preset value, the first preset value is 290 ℃, the temperature of the steam flowing out of the mixer 4 is prevented from being too high, molten salt in the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 is melted, normal work of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 is guaranteed, and the service life of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 is prolonged.
The steam heat storage system 100 has a first state and a second state, and in the first state, the fused salt energy storage assembly 6 communicates with the mixer 4, so that the steam mixed by the mixer 4 flows into the fused salt energy storage assembly 6 to enable the fused salt energy storage assembly 6 to store energy, and in the second state, the water pump 14 communicates with the fused salt energy storage assembly 6, so that the condensed water flows into the fused salt energy storage assembly 6 through the water pump 14 and exchanges heat with the fused salt in the fused salt energy storage assembly 6 to enable the fused salt energy storage assembly 6 to release energy. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, in the first state, the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 stores energy, the inlet of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 is communicated with the outlet of the mixer 4, the mixed steam of the mixer 4 flows into the molten salt energy storage assembly 6, and the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 absorbs the heat in the steam to store energy and enable the steam to be liquefied into condensed water. In the second state, fused salt energy storage subassembly 6 releases energy, fused salt energy storage subassembly 6's import and water pump 14 intercommunication, and in water pump 14 carried fused salt energy storage subassembly 6 with the condensate water, the fused salt heat transfer in condensate water and the fused salt energy storage subassembly 6 for the condensate water temperature risees and gasifies into the gaseous state.
The steam heat storage system 100 provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with the heat exchanger 2 and the mixer 4, part of steam in the boiler 1 is used for heating inlet flue gas of the denitration device, so that the operation safety of the denitration device operated under low load is ensured, compared with the technologies such as flue gas bypass and the like, the flue gas temperature control is more accurate, the overhaul and maintenance amount is small, meanwhile, the steam extraction amount in the heat storage and peak regulation process is increased to some extent due to the fact that the heating flue gas consumes part of steam heat, the deep peak regulation capability of a unit is improved, in addition, the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 and the water pump 14 are arranged, heat energy generated by the steam in the boiler 1 is directly stored in the molten salt energy storage assembly 6, compared with an electric heat storage and peak regulation mode in the related technology, the intermediate process of converting the steam into the electricity is reduced through two energy conversion processes of heat → electricity → heat, and the energy conversion efficiency is improved.
In some embodiments, the steam heat storage system 100 further comprises a liquid storage tank 10, and in the first state, the liquid storage tank 10 is communicated with the molten salt energy storage assembly 6, so that the condensed water after heat exchange through the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 flows into the liquid storage tank 10. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, an inlet of the liquid storage tank 10 is communicated with an outlet of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6, and in a first state, steam flowing out of the mixer 4 flows into the liquid storage cavity after being liquefied into condensed water through the energy storage of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6, so that the liquid storage tank 10 stores the condensed water.
In some embodiments, the vapor thermal storage system 100 further comprises a temperature regulating assembly in communication with the tank 10 for delivering condensed water to the tank 10 to regulate the temperature within the tank 10. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the temperature adjustment assembly includes first water pump 12 and condensate heater 13 to carry the condensate that boiler 1 unit formed to the liquid reserve tank 10 in through first water pump 12 or condensate heater 13, thereby adjust the temperature of the condensate in the liquid reserve tank 10 about 95 ℃, prevent the condensate gasification in the liquid reserve tank 10, improved the storage efficiency of liquid reserve tank 10, prolonged the energy storage life of liquid reserve tank 10.
In some embodiments, along with the energy releasing process of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6, the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 is gradually reduced, and the temperature of the steam coming out from the upper outlet of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 no longer meets the heat supply requirement or the auxiliary steam requirement. Therefore, in some embodiments, in the second state, the liquid storage tank 10 is communicated with the water pump 14, so that the condensed water in the liquid storage tank 10 flows into the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 through the water pump 14, and the condensed water in the liquid storage tank 10 exchanges heat with the molten salt energy storage assembly 6, so that the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 continues to release energy, and the energy release heat exchange efficiency of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 is improved because the temperature difference between the molten salt in the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 and the condensed water in the water tank is large.
In some embodiments, as the temperature of the molten salt within the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 increases, the condensed water flowing out of the outlet of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 changes to steam. Therefore, in some embodiments, the steam heat storage system 100 further comprises a steam header 8, the steam header 8 is communicated with the molten salt energy storage assembly 6, so that the steam subjected to heat exchange by the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 flows into the steam header 8, and the steam header 8 is used for replacing auxiliary steam or extraction steam of a unit. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, an inlet of the steam header 8 is communicated with an outlet of the energy storage assembly, and steam after heat exchange of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 flows into the steam header 8, so that auxiliary steam or extraction steam of a unit is replaced by the steam header 8, and the efficiency of the steam heat storage system 100 is improved.
In some embodiments, the steam heat storage system 100 further comprises a heat supply pipeline 20, in the second state, the heat supply pipeline 20 is communicated with the molten salt energy storage assembly 6, so that the steam heated by the energy released by the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 flows into the heat supply pipeline 20, and the heat supply pipeline 20 is used for supplying heat to the client. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the import of heat supply pipeline 20 and the export intercommunication of fused salt energy storage subassembly 6, at the second state, the condensate water flows into heat supply pipeline 20 after fused salt energy storage subassembly 6 releases energy and heaies up into steam to steam after releasing energy through fused salt energy storage subassembly 6 and heat flows into heat supply pipeline 20, supplies heat to the customer end through heat supply pipeline 20.
In some embodiments, the temperature of the steam flowing out of the mixer 4 is a first temperature, the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 is a second temperature, and when the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature is less than a second preset value, the mixer 4 is communicated with the steam header 8 so that the steam mixed by the mixer 4 flows into the steam header 8, and/or the mixer 4 is communicated with the heat supply pipeline 20 so that the steam mixed by the mixer 4 flows into the heat supply pipeline 20. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, when the temperature difference between the outlet steam temperature of the mixer 4 and the steam temperature at the outlet of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 is smaller than a second preset value, the second preset value is 20 ℃, the heat storage of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 is finished, the outlet of the mixer 4 is communicated with the inlet of the steam header 8, so that the mixed steam flows into the steam header 8, or the outlet of the mixer 4 is communicated with the inlet of the heat supply pipeline 20, so that the mixed steam flows into the heat supply pipeline 20, or the outlet of the mixer 4 is communicated with the inlet of the heat supply pipeline 20 and the inlet of the steam header 8 respectively, so that the mixed steam flows into the heat supply pipeline 20 and the steam header 8, the utilization rate of the steam is improved, and the waste of energy is reduced.
In some embodiments, the steam heat storage system 100 further comprises a deaerator 16, the deaerator 16 is connected to the water pump 14 so as to deaerate the condensed water flowing into the water pump 14, and in the second state, the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 is communicated with the deaerator 16 so that the steam after being subjected to energy release and heat exchange through the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 flows into the deaerator 16. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the import of oxygen-eliminating device 16 links to each other with the outside pipeline, the export of oxygen-eliminating device 16 links to each other with the import of water pump 14, thereby the condensate water flows into oxygen-eliminating device 16 through the outside pipeline, rethread oxygen-eliminating device 16 flows into fused salt energy storage component 6 after detaching the oxygen in the condensate water again, thereby prevent oxygen in the condensate water and the fused salt emergence reaction in the fused salt energy storage component 6, the life of fused salt energy storage component 6 has been improved, at the second state, the export of fused salt energy storage component 6 communicates with the import of oxygen-eliminating device 16, thereby will release steam after the energy gasification and flow into in oxygen-eliminating device 16, reduce the extraction of oxygen-eliminating device 16, reduce the power generation coal consumption.
In some embodiments, the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 comprises a plurality of molten salt energy storage units that are in sequential communication such that steam and condensate exchange heat in stages within the molten salt energy storage assembly 6. Specifically, the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 may be a plurality of molten salt energy storage units connected in series in sequence, so that the steam and the hot water exchange heat with the molten salt in the plurality of molten salt energy storage units step by step.
It can be understood that fused salt energy storage subassembly 6 is for storing hot integrated device, and steam gets into from fused salt energy storage subassembly 6's upper portion entry during the heat-retaining, comes out from fused salt energy storage subassembly 6 lower part, and hot water gets into from fused salt energy storage subassembly 6 lower part during exothermic, comes out from fused salt energy storage subassembly 6, and the same set of heat exchanger 2 of heat-retaining, exothermic sharing only changes the working medium flow direction. Boiler 1 reheat steam extraction is no more than 25% of total reheat steam flow.
A vapor thermal storage system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1.
The heat exchanger 2 is arranged before the inlet of the denitration device of the tail flue of the boiler 1, a second inlet of the heat exchanger 2 is communicated with a steam port of the boiler 1 through a first valve 3, a second outlet of the heat exchanger 2 is communicated with an inlet of a mixer 4, the other side of the mixer 4 is communicated with the steam port of the boiler 1 through a second valve 5, and an outlet of the mixer 4 is communicated with an upper inlet of a molten salt energy storage assembly 6. And a lower outlet pipeline of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 is communicated with an inlet of the steam header 8 through a third valve 7 on one way, and is communicated with an upper inlet pipeline of the liquid storage tank through a fourth valve 9 on one way. The inlet of the liquid storage tank is simultaneously communicated with the outlet of the first water pump 12 and the outlet of the condensed water heater 1313 through a fourth valve 9.
One path of an inlet at the lower part of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 is communicated with a condensate pipeline (not shown in the figure) at the outlet of a deaerator 16 through a fifth valve 11 and a water pump 14, and the other path of the inlet is communicated with an outlet at the lower part of a liquid storage tank through the water pump 14 and a sixth valve 15; the outlet of the upper part of the fused salt energy storage component 6 is respectively communicated with three pipelines, one pipeline is communicated with an inlet condensed water pipeline of a deaerator 16, the other pipeline is communicated with a unit heat supply pipeline 20 through a seventh valve 18, and the other pipeline is communicated with a steam header 8 through an eighth valve 19.
The heat storage process is as follows: boiler 1 low-load operation, a part of reheat steam is extracted from boiler 1, heat the flue gas temperature to more than 290 ℃ through arranging heat exchanger 2 before the denitrification facility entry of boiler 1 afterbody flue, steam that comes out from heat exchanger 2 and the reheat steam of part extraction from boiler 1 get into steam mixer 4 from the both sides of blender 4 respectively, adjust both sides steam flow through adjusting first valve 3 and second valve 5, ensure that blender 4 export steam temperature does not exceed the decomposition temperature of fused salt in fused salt energy storage component 6. The mixed steam enters from the upper inlet of the fused salt energy storage assembly 6 and fully exchanges heat with the fused salt in the fused salt energy storage assembly 6, the temperature of the fused salt in the fused salt energy storage assembly 6 gradually rises, and the steam heat storage process is gradually completed. And the steam which comes out from the outlet at the lower part of the fused salt energy storage component 6 and is subjected to fused salt heat exchange is initially partially changed into saturated water through a fourth valve 9, and the saturated water enters the liquid storage tank from the upper part of the liquid storage tank. In order to ensure that the temperature of the water in the reservoir tank does not exceed 95 ℃, the amount of water entering the reservoir tank through the first water pump 12 and the condensate heater 1313 can be regulated by the fifth valve 11. Along with the rising of fused salt temperature in the fused salt energy storage subassembly 6, what come out from fused salt energy storage subassembly 6 lower part export will no longer be saturated water, but steam, insert steam header 8 through fourth valve 9 with steam, can be used to replace unit auxiliary steam or extract steam. When the temperature difference between the outlet steam of the mixer 4 and the outlet steam of the lower part of the fused salt energy storage assembly 6 is within 20 ℃, the heat storage of the fused salt energy storage assembly 6 is considered to be finished, the outlet steam of the mixer 4 is directly connected into the steam header 8 through the ninth valve 17 or connected into the heat supply pipeline 20 through the eighth valve 19, and is not connected into the fused salt energy storage assembly 6 any more.
The heat release process is as follows: when the heat in the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 is fully stored, a heat release mode can be entered. The condensed water at the outlet of the deaerator 16 enters the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 from the inlet at the lower part of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 through the sixth valve 15 by the water pump 14, and fully exchanges heat with the high-temperature molten salt in the molten salt energy storage assembly 6, and the condensed water is gradually heated, heated and vaporized in the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 and finally becomes superheated steam to come out from the outlet at the upper part of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6. One path of steam after heat exchange of the high-temperature molten salt is connected to a heat supply pipeline 20 through an eighth valve 19 for heat supply, and the other path of steam is connected to a steam header 8 through a ninth valve 17 for replacing auxiliary steam or extraction steam of a unit, so that the coal consumption of power generation of the unit is reduced. Along with the proceeding of the heat release process, the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 is gradually reduced, when the temperature of steam coming out from the upper outlet of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 does not meet the heat supply requirement or the auxiliary steam requirement any more, the sixth valve 15 between the outlet of the deaerator 16 and the lower inlet of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 is closed, the seventh valve 18 is opened, and hot water in the liquid storage tank is sent to the lower inlet of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 through the water pump 14. Hot water enters the fused salt energy storage assembly 6 and then exchanges heat with fused salt, the water temperature rises gradually and then comes out from an outlet at the upper part of the fused salt energy storage assembly 6 and is merged into an inlet condensed water pipeline of the deaerator 16, and the steam extraction of a part of the low-pressure heater and the deaerator 16 can be reduced, so that the coal consumption of power generation is reduced. When the temperature of the hot water from the upper outlet of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 is lower than 130 ℃, the heat release process of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 is considered to be finished.
To further illustrate the working principle and performance advantages of the steam heat storage system 100 of the present invention, a 660MW coal-electric machine set and an 80mw.h steam heat storage peak shaving device are taken as examples, and the process flow and energy conversion efficiency of the energy storage device are briefly described below. The flue gas temperature at the inlet of the denitration device is 260 ℃ under 25% rated load, 65t/h reheated steam is extracted to enter the steam-flue gas heat exchanger 2, the flue gas temperature at the inlet of the denitration device is increased to be higher than 290 ℃, the steam after heating flue gas and part of reheated steam are mixed and then directly enter the fused salt energy storage device to store heat, the residual heat of the steam after heat storage is partially converted into hot water to be stored in a hot water tank, and the steam partially converted into steam with the temperature of higher than 230 ℃ enters the steam header 8 to replace four-extraction steam for a steam-driven draught fan, a steam-driven water-feeding pump 14 and a deaerator 16 to heat the steam, so that the problem of insufficient four-extraction steam during low load is solved. In the heat release process, hot water enters a molten salt energy storage device for heat exchange, and when the temperature is higher than 230 ℃, generated steam enters a steam header 8; when the temperature is lower than 230 ℃ and higher than 130 ℃, condensed water at the inlet of the deaerator 16 is introduced, and steam extraction of the deaerator 16 and the low-pressure heater is reduced. In the aspect of energy conversion efficiency of the energy storage device, calculation is carried out, the energy conversion efficiency of directly extracting the reheat steam for heat storage and heat release is 50.37%, the energy conversion efficiency of heating the flue gas and then carrying out heat storage and heat release is 72.97%, and after the reheat steam heat is subjected to cascade utilization, the energy conversion efficiency of the energy storage device is higher. In the aspect of peak regulation capacity, the flue gas is heated by the reheat steam of the steam extraction at 65t/h, the peak regulation capacity is increased by about 20MW compared with the peak regulation of the reheat steam of the steam extraction only, the problem of low-load denitration of the boiler 1 is solved, and the peak regulation capacity of the unit is obviously improved before.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless explicitly specified otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "communicating," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning in fixed communication, in removable communication, or as an integral part; either in mechanical or electrical communication or communicable with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" and the like mean that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it should be understood that they are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that many changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to the above embodiments may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A vapor thermal storage system, comprising:
a boiler having a flue and a steam port;
the heat exchanger is respectively communicated with the flue and the steam port, so that the flue gas and the steam in the boiler respectively flow into the heat exchanger and exchange heat in the heat exchanger to increase the temperature of the flue gas;
the mixer is communicated with the steam port, so that the steam flowing out of the boiler flows into the mixer, the mixer is communicated with the heat exchanger, so that the steam subjected to heat exchange through the heat exchanger flows into the mixer, and the mixer is used for mixing the steam to reduce the temperature of the steam to a first preset value;
the steam heat storage system comprises a molten salt energy storage assembly and a water pump, wherein the steam heat storage system has a first state and a second state, the molten salt energy storage assembly is communicated with the mixer in the first state, so that steam mixed by the mixer flows into the molten salt energy storage assembly to enable the molten salt energy storage assembly to store energy, and the water pump is communicated with the molten salt energy storage assembly in the second state, so that condensed water flows into the molten salt energy storage assembly through the water pump and exchanges heat with molten salt in the molten salt energy storage assembly to enable the molten salt energy storage assembly to release energy.
2. The steam heat storage system of claim 1 further comprising a liquid storage tank in communication with the molten salt energy storage assembly in the first state such that condensate that has exchanged heat through the molten salt energy storage assembly flows into the liquid storage tank.
3. The vapor thermal storage system of claim 2 further comprising a temperature regulating assembly in communication with said reservoir for delivering condensed water to said reservoir to regulate the temperature within said reservoir.
4. The vapor thermal storage system of claim 2, wherein in the second state the tank is in communication with the water pump such that condensate within the tank flows into the molten salt energy storage assembly through the water pump.
5. The steam heat storage system of claim 1 further comprising a steam header in communication with the molten salt energy storage assembly such that steam exchanged via the molten salt energy storage assembly flows into the steam header, the steam header being used to replace a unit auxiliary steam or extraction steam.
6. The steam heat storage system of claim 5, wherein the temperature of the steam flowing out of the mixer is a first temperature, the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt energy storage assembly is a second temperature, and when the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature is smaller than a second preset value, the mixer is communicated with the steam header so that the steam mixed by the mixer flows into the steam header.
7. The vapor heat storage system of claim 1, further comprising a heat supply pipeline, wherein in the second state, the heat supply pipeline is in communication with the molten salt energy storage assembly, so that vapor heated by the energy released from the molten salt energy storage assembly flows into the heat supply pipeline, and the heat supply pipeline is used for supplying heat to a client.
8. The steam heat storage system of claim 7, wherein the temperature of the steam flowing out of the mixer is a first temperature, the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt energy storage assembly is a second temperature, and when the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature is less than a second preset value, the mixer is communicated with the heat supply pipeline, so that the steam mixed by the mixer flows into the heat supply pipeline.
9. The steam heat storage system as recited in claim 1 further comprising a deaerator connected to said water pump for deaerating condensed water flowing into said water pump, wherein in said second state said molten salt energy storage assembly is in communication with said deaerator for allowing steam after heat exchange by energy release from said molten salt energy storage assembly to flow into said deaerator.
10. The steam heat storage system of any one of claims 1-9, wherein the molten salt energy storage assembly comprises a plurality of molten salt energy storage units, the plurality of molten salt energy storage units being in sequential communication such that the steam and the condensed water exchange heat in a stepwise manner within the molten salt energy storage assembly.
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| CN117366545B (en) * | 2023-11-21 | 2024-08-06 | 李纳军 | Energy storage method and system based on gas self-contained power plant |
| CN117977637B (en) * | 2024-03-28 | 2024-06-11 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Frequency modulation method and system for fused salt coupling thermal power generating unit |
| CN118310351A (en) * | 2024-05-10 | 2024-07-09 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Molten salt electrode boiler with energy storage function |
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| CN114704815B (en) | 2023-11-07 |
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