CN114662416A - CFD-based rotary partition board flow level aerodynamic characteristic calculation method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a CFD-based method for calculating the aerodynamic characteristics of the through flow stage of a rotating partition plate. The method can obtain the functional relation corresponding to different rotation angles and through-flow, and provides more accurate basic data for engineering design. The invention adopts different numerical simulation calculation models, and has stronger universality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flow heat exchange, and particularly relates to a CFD-based method for calculating the aerodynamic characteristics of a circulating stage of a rotating partition plate.
Background
The rotating clapboard mainly comprises a rotating ring, a plate body, an assembled guide vane, an upper cover ring, a lower cover ring, a connecting rod mechanism, an oil-operated engine and the like, and controls and adjusts the flow of extracted steam by changing the flow area of the fixed vane through rotating a steam inlet window of the rotating ring arranged in front of the fixed vane.
When the through-flow level design of the rotary partition plate is carried out, the determination of the mapping relation between the rotation angle and the steam extraction and through-flow rate is very important. Considering the premise that the actual high-temperature test of the whole machine is difficult, the research by using a computational fluid dynamics method is efficient and convenient. The existing calculation method usually only adopts the periodic boundary to pay attention to the characteristics of the monomer model, although a certain guiding suggestion can be given, the monomer model calculation lacks the capture of the global key phenomenon, such as the three-dimensional complex blending phenomenon between the steam flows of different rotating windows and the main flow of the blade cascade after the steam flows are different when the circumferential opening areas are inconsistent. The simplified calculation mode makes the boundary condition of the calculation model inconsistent with the real model to a certain extent, and uncertain interpolation errors are generated in the simulation result.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provides a CFD-based method for calculating the aerodynamic characteristics of the through flow stage of the rotating diaphragm, which establishes a full three-dimensional calculation model comprising a calculation domain model of the steam inlet window of the rotating diaphragm, a flow guide transition section of a nozzle group, a static blade nozzle and a movable blade, so that three-dimensional complex mixing phenomena among steam flows and outflows of different rotating windows and between the steam flows and main flows of a blade grid can be accurately captured, and the calculation results of a rotating angle, steam extraction and through flow are more real and reliable.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises the steps of:
s1, establishing a three-dimensional rotating partition plate flow-through level calculation domain model with the solid size of 1:1, wherein the three-dimensional rotating partition plate flow-through level calculation domain model comprises a rotating partition plate steam inlet window, a nozzle group flow-guiding transition section, a static blade nozzle and a movable blade calculation domain model;
s2, carrying out grid planning on the three-dimensional rotating partition plate through-flow level calculation domain model to generate a plurality of structured grids;
s3, setting boundary conditions according to physical actual conditions to establish a numerical simulation calculation model for the calculation domain model of the flow stage of the rotary partition plate, and solving the flow numerical value;
s4, obtaining a function relation corresponding to different rotation angles and through-flow by changing the rotation opening of the steam inlet window of the rotary partition plate by using the established numerical simulation calculation model;
and (3) acquiring the pneumatic characteristic of a through-flow stage behind the rotary partition plate under the boundary of the minimum cooling angle by changing the rotary opening degree of the steam inlet window of the rotary partition plate to be completely closed, and evaluating whether the potential safety hazard of blast heating exists.
In S1, the specific method for establishing the three-dimensional rotating partition plate flow level calculation domain model is as follows:
s11, establishing a calculation domain model of the steam inlet window of the rotary partition plate, wherein the circumferential opening areas of the steam inlet window of the rotary partition plate are inconsistent and are arranged in a non-axisymmetric manner, and the calculation domain model is a full-circumference model;
s12, establishing a nozzle group drainage transition section calculation domain model which is a full-circle calculation model;
and S13, establishing a static blade nozzle and moving blade calculation domain model, wherein the static blade nozzle is a grouped circumferential model, and the moving blade model is a rotating circumferential model.
And establishing a rotating diaphragm steam inlet window calculation domain model, a nozzle group drainage transition section calculation domain model and a stationary blade nozzle and movable blade calculation domain model by using geometric model establishing software.
In S2, the specific method of mesh planing is as follows:
s21, carrying out mesh planing on the three-dimensional calculation domain model of the steam inlet window of the rotary partition plate and the drainage transition section of the nozzle group, and generating a structural mesh of multiple topological blocks in a top-down mode; when the grids are generated, the grids are encrypted on the wall surface, meanwhile, an O-shaped grid is adopted to generate a boundary layer, when the grids are generated, the maximum length-width ratio of the grids is less than 100, and the orthogonal angle is greater than 45 degrees;
and S22, performing grid planning on three-dimensional calculation domain models of the stationary blade nozzle and the movable blade, wherein topological structures of a stationary blade inlet flow passage and a blade inlet and outlet extension part adopt H-O-H structured grids, and the surfaces of the stationary blade and the movable blade adopt O-shaped topological attached grids to perform circumferential, axial and radial node encryption respectively so as to ensure later-stage numerical solution.
Importing a three-dimensional calculation domain model of a steam inlet window of the rotary clapboard and a drainage transition section of the nozzle group into grid generation software ICEM for grid planning;
and importing the three-dimensional calculation domain models of the stationary blade nozzle and the movable blade into GRID generation software NUMCA AUTO GRID for GRID planning.
The specific method in S3 is as follows:
s31, setting boundary conditions of total pressure, total temperature and turbulence at a main flow inlet of a steam inlet window of the rotary clapboard, wherein the flow direction is vertical to an inlet surface;
setting outlet average static pressure boundary conditions at the outlet of the movable blade;
the calculation domain is respectively provided with a static domain and a rotating domain, the rotating domain and the rotating wall surface are provided with rotating speeds according to the actual rotating speed condition, the data transmission mode of the dynamic and static boundary region is a mixed plane, and the rest solid wall surfaces are uniformly arranged to be heat-insulating non-slip wall surfaces;
s32, solving a three-dimensional viscous compressible unsteady flow heat transfer control equation set, introducing a Boussinesq turbulence model to assume that a Navier-Stokes equation set is closed when turbulence is calculated and reynolds, and obtaining pneumatic parameters of fluid calculation domain pressure, temperature and flow rate through calculation.
The static region comprises a rotating clapboard steam inlet window, a nozzle group drainage transition section and a static blade; buckets are included in the rotational domain.
The general form of the three-dimensional viscous compressible unsteady-state flow heat transfer control equation set is as follows:
where ρ is the fluid density;
is a general variable and is used as a general variable,
solution variables that can represent u, v, w, T and k and ε,
in the case of a generalized diffusion coefficient,
is a broad source term in which
And
the expression (b) is a definition given in the numerical computation model based on a specific variable;
turbulent viscosity based on the Boussinesq assumption was introduced and reynolds stress was expressed as a function of turbulent viscosity, i.e.:
in the formula, mutFor turbulent viscosity, k is turbulent kinetic energy, deltaijIs a kronecker symbol.
Compared with the prior art, the calculation model can accurately capture the three-dimensional complex mixing phenomenon between the different rotating windows and the main cascade flow after the steam flows of the different rotating windows flow when the circumferential opening areas of the rotating partition plate windows are not consistent. The method can obtain the functional relation corresponding to different rotation angles and through-flow rate, and provides more accurate basic data for engineering design. The invention adopts different numerical simulation calculation models, and has strong universality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a rotating partition through-flow stage structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a rotating diaphragm flow-through stage computational grid of an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, (a) is a static blade nozzle calculation grid, (b) is a movable blade calculation domain grid, and (c) is a nozzle group drainage transition section calculation domain grid;
FIG. 3 illustrates a rotating partition plate through-flow stage calculation model rotating window distribution according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a vane inlet cross-sectional pressure profile of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a vane outlet cross-sectional pressure profile of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a velocity vector distribution plot at different windows according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between different rotation angles and a through-flow rate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, the present invention includes the steps of:
step 1, establishing a three-dimensional rotating partition plate flow level calculation domain model with a 1:1 entity size through three-dimensional modeling software according to the actual size of a geometric drawing by referring to a flow structure, wherein the three-dimensional rotating partition plate flow level calculation domain model comprises a rotating partition plate steam inlet window, a nozzle group flow guide transition section, a static blade nozzle and a movable blade calculation domain model, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1-1: establishing a calculation domain model of the steam inlet window of the rotary partition plate by using geometric model establishing software, wherein the number of the windows is selected according to an actual drawing, the circumferential opening areas of the steam inlet window of the rotary partition plate are inconsistent and are arranged in a non-axisymmetric manner, and the calculation domain model is a full-circle model;
step 1-2: establishing a calculation domain model of a nozzle group drainage transition section by using geometric model establishing software, determining the flow area of a stationary blade nozzle corresponding to the drainage transition section according to an actual drawing, wherein the calculation domain model is a full-circle calculation model;
step 1-3: establishing a static blade nozzle and movable blade calculation domain model by using geometric model establishing software, wherein the static blade nozzle is a grouped circumferential model, and the movable blade model is a rotating circumferential model;
step 2, carrying out grid planning on the through-flow level calculation domain model of the three-dimensional rotating partition plate obtained in the step 1 to generate a plurality of structured grids, and specifically comprising the following steps:
step 2-1: and (3) introducing the three-dimensional calculation domain model of the steam inlet window of the rotary partition plate and the drainage transition section of the nozzle group into grid generation software ICEM for grid planning, and generating the structural grid of the multiple topological blocks in a top-to-bottom sculpture mode. When the grids are generated, the grids are encrypted on the wall surface, and meanwhile, an O-shaped grid is adopted to generate a boundary layer. When the grid is generated, the maximum length-width ratio of the grid is ensured to be less than 100, and the orthogonal angle is more than 45 degrees.
Step 2-2: and importing the three-dimensional calculation domain models of the static blade nozzle and the movable blade into GRID generation software NUMCA AUTO GRID for GRID planning, wherein the topological structures of the static blade inlet flow passage and the blade inlet and outlet extension part adopt H-O-H structured GRIDs, the surface of the static blade adopts O-shaped topological attached GRIDs, and circumferential, axial and radial node encryption is respectively carried out to ensure later-stage numerical solution.
Step 3, setting boundary conditions and solving flow numerical values of the rotating partition plate through-flow stage calculation domain model according to physical actual conditions, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
step 3-1: setting boundary conditions of total pressure, total temperature and turbulence at a main flow inlet of a steam inlet window of the rotary clapboard, wherein the flow direction is vertical to an inlet surface; setting outlet average static pressure boundary conditions at the outlet of the movable blade; the calculation domain is respectively provided with a static domain and a rotating domain, the static domain comprises a rotating clapboard steam inlet window, a nozzle group drainage transition section and a stationary blade, and the rotating domain mainly comprises a movable blade; the rotating domain and the rotating wall surface are set with rotating speeds according to the actual rotating speed condition, the data transmission mode of the dynamic and static boundary region is a mixed plane (stage), and the rest solid wall surfaces are uniformly set as heat-insulating non-slip wall surfaces;
step 3-2: solving a three-dimensional viscous compressible unsteady flow heat transfer control equation set, introducing a Boussinesq turbulence model hypothesis to ensure that a Navier-Stokes equation set is closed when turbulence is calculated and reynolds, and obtaining important pneumatic parameters such as fluid calculation domain pressure, temperature and flow rate through calculation;
the general form of the three-dimensional viscous compressible unsteady flow heat transfer control equation set is as follows:
where ρ is the fluid density;
the general variables can represent solving variables of u, v, w, T, k, epsilon and the like;
is a generalized diffusion coefficient;
is a generalized source term. Wherein
And
is a definition given in a numerical computation model based on a particular variable.
Turbulent viscosity based on the Boussinesq assumption was introduced and reynolds stress was expressed as a function of turbulent viscosity, i.e.:
in the formula, mutFor turbulent viscosity, k is turbulent kinetic energy, deltaijIs a kronecker symbol.
And 4, step 4: and obtaining a functional relation formula corresponding to different rotation angles and through-flow by using the established numerical simulation calculation model and changing the rotation opening of the steam inlet window of the rotary partition plate. And (3) acquiring the pneumatic characteristic of a rear through-flow stage of the rotary partition plate under the minimum cooling angle boundary by changing the rotary opening of the steam inlet window of the rotary partition plate to be fully closed, and evaluating whether the rotary partition plate has a blast heating potential safety hazard.
Claims (8)
1. A CFD-based method for calculating aerodynamic characteristics of a through flow stage of a rotating diaphragm is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, establishing a 1:1 solid-size three-dimensional rotating partition plate flow level calculation domain model, wherein the three-dimensional rotating partition plate flow level calculation domain model comprises a rotating partition plate steam inlet window, a nozzle group flow guide transition section, a stationary blade nozzle and a moving blade calculation domain model;
s2, carrying out grid planning on the three-dimensional rotating partition plate through-flow level calculation domain model to generate a plurality of structured grids;
s3, setting boundary conditions according to physical actual conditions to establish a numerical simulation calculation model for the calculation domain model of the flow stage of the rotary partition plate, and solving the flow numerical value;
s4, obtaining a function relation corresponding to different rotation angles and through-flow by changing the rotation opening of the steam inlet window of the rotary partition plate by using the established numerical simulation calculation model;
and (3) acquiring the pneumatic characteristic of a through-flow stage behind the rotary partition plate under the boundary of the minimum cooling angle by changing the rotary opening degree of the steam inlet window of the rotary partition plate to be completely closed, and evaluating whether the potential safety hazard of blast heating exists.
2. The CFD-based method for calculating aerodynamic characteristics of a flow stage of a rotating diaphragm according to claim 1, wherein in S1, a specific method for establishing a three-dimensional model of a calculation domain of a flow stage of a rotating diaphragm is as follows:
s11, establishing a calculation domain model of the steam inlet window of the rotary partition plate, wherein the circumferential opening areas of the steam inlet window of the rotary partition plate are inconsistent and are arranged in a non-axisymmetric manner, and the calculation domain model is a full-circumference model;
s12, establishing a nozzle group drainage transition section calculation domain model which is a full-circle calculation model;
and S13, establishing a static blade nozzle and moving blade calculation domain model, wherein the static blade nozzle is a grouped circumferential model, and the moving blade model is a rotating circumferential model.
3. The CFD-based method for calculating aerodynamic characteristics of a flow passage stage of a rotating diaphragm according to claim 2, wherein a geometric model building software is used for building a calculation domain model of a steam inlet window of the rotating diaphragm, a calculation domain model of a flow guide transition section of a nozzle group, and a calculation domain model of a stationary blade nozzle and a movable blade.
4. The CFD-based method for calculating aerodynamic characteristics of a flow passage stage of a rotary diaphragm according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the specific method for mesh planing is as follows:
s21, carrying out mesh planing on the three-dimensional calculation domain model of the steam inlet window of the rotary partition plate and the drainage transition section of the nozzle group, and generating a structural mesh of multiple topological blocks in a top-down mode; when the grids are generated, the grids are encrypted on the wall surface, meanwhile, an O-shaped grid is adopted to generate a boundary layer, when the grids are generated, the maximum length-width ratio of the grids is less than 100, and the orthogonal angle is greater than 45 degrees;
and S22, performing grid planning on three-dimensional calculation domain models of the stationary blade nozzle and the movable blade, wherein topological structures of a stationary blade inlet flow passage and a blade inlet and outlet extension part adopt H-O-H structured grids, and the surfaces of the stationary blade and the movable blade adopt O-shaped topological attached grids to perform circumferential, axial and radial node encryption respectively so as to ensure later-stage numerical solution.
5. The CFD-based method for calculating aerodynamic characteristics of a flow passage stage of a rotating partition plate according to claim 4, wherein a three-dimensional calculation domain model of a steam inlet window and a flow guide transition section of a nozzle group of the rotating partition plate is led into grid generation software ICEM for grid planning;
and importing the three-dimensional calculation domain models of the stationary blade nozzle and the movable blade into GRID generation software NUMCA AUTO GRID for GRID planning.
6. The CFD-based method for calculating aerodynamic characteristics of a flow passage stage of a rotary diaphragm according to claim 1, wherein the specific method in S3 is as follows:
s31, setting boundary conditions of total pressure, total temperature and turbulence at a main flow inlet of a steam inlet window of the rotary clapboard, wherein the flow direction is vertical to an inlet surface;
setting outlet average static pressure boundary conditions at the outlet of the movable blade;
the calculation domain is respectively provided with a static domain and a rotating domain, the rotating domain and the rotating wall surface are provided with rotating speeds according to the actual rotating speed condition, the data transmission mode of the dynamic and static boundary region is a mixed plane, and the rest solid wall surfaces are uniformly arranged to be heat-insulating non-slip wall surfaces;
s32, solving a three-dimensional viscous compressible unsteady flow heat transfer control equation set, introducing a Boussinesq turbulence model to assume that a Navier-Stokes equation set is closed when turbulence is calculated and reynolds, and obtaining pneumatic parameters of fluid calculation domain pressure, temperature and flow rate through calculation.
7. The CFD-based method of calculating aerodynamic characteristics of a rotating diaphragm flow stage according to claim 6, wherein the static domain includes rotating diaphragm steam inlet windows, nozzle block flow guide transition sections and vanes; buckets are included in the rotational domain.
8. A CFD-based method for calculating aerodynamic properties of a flow stage of a rotating diaphragm according to claim 6, wherein the three-dimensional viscous compressible unsteady-state flow heat transfer control equations are of the general form:
where ρ is the fluid density;
is a general variable and is used as a general variable,
solution variables that can represent u, v, w, T and k and ε,
in the case of a generalized diffusion coefficient,
is a broad source term in which
And
is based on a specific variable in a numerical calculation modelThe given definition;
turbulent viscosity based on the Boussinesq assumption was introduced and reynolds stress was expressed as a function of turbulent viscosity, i.e.:
in the formula, mutFor turbulent viscosity, k is turbulent kinetic energy, deltaijIs a kronecker symbol.
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| US20200410147A1 (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-12-31 | Viettel Group | Aerodynamic derivatives calculation method for flight vehicle |
| US20210209264A1 (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2021-07-08 | Viettel Group | Modeling and calculation aerodynamic performances of multi-stage transonic axial compressors |
| CN112417596A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-02-26 | 北京航空航天大学 | Parallel grid simulation method for through-flow model of combustion chamber of aero-engine |
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