CN114669792A - High-precision heavy-duty shearing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a shearing machine, in particular to a high-precision heavy-duty shearing machine, comprising a base plate, a movable plate, a lower blade fixed on the base plate, an upper blade fixed on the movable plate, and a hydraulic cylinder drives the movable plate to reciprocate up and down relative to the base plate , also includes the top plate, the top plate and the bottom plate are fixedly connected by 4 circular columns located at their 4 corners, a ring gear rack is machined in the upper section of the circular column and within the range corresponding to the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder, and 4 sets of guide sleeves are fixed on the movable plate , each group of guide sleeves is clearance fit with the tooth end surface of a ring rack; 4 rotating shafts are set on the movable plate, and coaxial gears are fixed at both ends of each rotating shaft, and the axes of the adjacent two rotating shafts are positive At the intersection, a ring gear rack meshes with two adjacent gears that are orthogonal to the axes; the lower end of each circular column is provided with a thread to be screwed with the nut and the bottom plate, and the lower section of each circular column is provided with a wrench groove. Compared with the prior art, the invention can ensure long-term reliable operation, can ensure shearing precision, and is suitable for shearing thicker plates.

Description

High-precision heavy-duty shearing machine

technical field

The invention relates to a shearing machine, in particular to a high-precision heavy-duty shearing machine.

Background technique

Hydraulic guillotine shearing machine is a device that uses a moving upper blade and a fixed lower blade and adopts a reasonable blade gap to apply shearing force to the metal sheet, so that the sheet is broken and separated according to the required size.

A typical hydraulic gate type shearing machine, such as a shearing machine disclosed in the Chinese Utility Model Patent Publication No. CN215033961U, includes a frame, and a lifting device is installed on the top of the inner wall of the frame, and the telescopic end of the lifting device is fixedly installed. There is a cutting seat, a support seat is arranged below the cutting seat, and guide rods distributed symmetrically on the left and right are fixedly installed on the support seat, and the bottom of the cutting seat is provided with a connecting groove corresponding to the guide rod, so The bottom of the cutting seat is concavely provided with a notch, and two sides of the inner wall of the notch are provided with chutes, and a connecting plate is slidably installed between the chutes, the bottom of the connecting plate is fixedly installed with a shearing knife, and the connecting plate and A buffer device is provided between the tops of the inner walls of the cut grooves. The function of the guide rod is to guide the cutting seat to move downward to avoid the offset of the cutting seat. When the upper blade is a flat edge, the guide rod of this structure should be able to play a guiding role; but the plate to be cut is thick and when the upper blade is an oblique edge, a large downward pressure shear is required during the cutting process. Shearing force, a large downward pressure shearing force will decompose and a lateral force will act on the cutting seat, squeezing friction will occur between the connecting groove and the guide rod, resulting in rapid wear and tear, and there will be clearance between the two after wear. If it is too large, the accuracy will be reduced, and if it is serious, it will lead to death and cannot work.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the defect that the accuracy of the existing shearing machine cannot be guaranteed or that it cannot adapt to thicker plates, the invention discloses a high-precision heavy-duty shearing machine, which includes a base plate, a movable plate, a lower blade fixed on the base plate, and a fixed plate on the movable plate. When the blade is connected, the hydraulic cylinder drives the movable plate to reciprocate up and down relative to the bottom plate, and also includes the top plate. The top plate and the bottom plate are fixedly connected by four circular columns located at their four corners. The upper section of the circular column is within the range corresponding to the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder. A ring-shaped rack is processed, and 4 sets of guide sleeves are fixed on the movable plate, and each set of guide sleeves is matched with the circular surface of the tooth end of a ring-shaped rack; 4 rotating shafts are transferred on the movable plate, and the two ends of each rotating shaft are A coaxial gear is fixed, the axes of two adjacent rotating shafts are orthogonal, and a ring rack is meshed with two adjacent gears that are orthogonal to the axes; A wrench slot is provided in the lower section of the root circular column.

Further, the number of teeth and modules of the ring racks on the 4 circular columns are the same, the number of teeth and modules of the 8 gears are the same, and the modules of the ring rack and the gears are the same.

Further, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the top plate, and the cylinder rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the movable plate.

Further, the axle seat and the movable plate are adjustable and fixed.

Further, the teeth of the gear are arc-shaped teeth that fit the annular rack.

Further, the guide sleeve includes an upper guide sleeve fixed on the guide sleeve seat and a lower guide sleeve directly fixed on the movable plate and coaxial with the upper guide sleeve, the guide sleeve seat is fixed on the upper surface of the movable plate, and the guide sleeve seat is The 2 orthogonal sides are provided with notches to avoid gears.

Further, an upper knife rest is fixed in the middle of the lower surface of the movable plate, and the upper knife rest is fixedly connected to the upper blade of the oblique edge; superior.

Further, more than two sliding sleeves are fixed on the lower surface of the movable plate, each sliding sleeve is slidably matched with the guide rod, the lower ends of all the guide rods are fixedly connected to the pressing plate, and the compression spring is sleeved on the outer and upper ends of the sliding sleeve and the guide rod. Abutting the movable plate, the lower end is in contact with the pressing plate; or the compression spring is installed in the sliding sleeve, the upper end is in contact with the movable plate, and the lower end is in contact with the guide rod; edge.

Further, a platen is fixed on the upper end of the frame, and an avoidance groove for avoiding the lower tool holder, the lower blade and the upper blade is provided in the middle of the platen, and the upper surface of the platen is flush with the upper end of the lower blade or slightly higher than the upper end of the lower blade.

Further, a plurality of left and right axially free free rollers are installed on the frame on the front and rear sides of the lower blade rest. The top tangent of the free rollers is flush with the upper end of the lower blade or slightly higher than the upper end of the lower blade.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention creatively utilizes the cooperation of the cylindrical rack and the gear, so that even if there is a lateral component force acting on the movable plate for the downward pressure, since the two gears on each side are surrounded by the ring teeth The strip contacts the limit, the movable plate can not move in four directions, front, rear, left, right, and movable plate can only move up and down, so as to ensure that the circular column and the guide sleeve will not be squeezed and rubbed, and will not die. At the same time, since the gears are fixed on the rotating shaft in pairs, the rotating shaft is limited by the rotating shaft seat on the movable plate, so that the movable plate is always synchronized during the up and down displacement process, and will not tilt, so that the circular column and the guide sleeve will not occur. Squeeze friction. Moreover, the lubricating oil will be stored between the teeth of the ring rack, which can replenish the lubricating oil film between the guide bush and the tooth end surface of the ring rack at any time, thus ensuring long-term reliable operation and shearing accuracy, suitable for shearing thicker plate.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view at FIG. 1A-A.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 4 .

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the gear of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described The embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments.

Embodiment 1, the high-precision heavy-duty shearing machine shown in Figures 1-3, belongs to the electromechanical-hydraulic integrated equipment, including the bottom plate 1, the movable plate 2 and the hydraulic system and control system not shown in the figure, and the movable plate 2 is composed. The upper knife rest 14 is fixed in the middle part of the lower surface of the bottom surface, and the upper knife rest 14 is fixedly connected to the upper blade 4 of the oblique edge; On the lower tool rest 13; the cylinder bodies of the two hydraulic cylinders 5 are fixedly connected to the top plate 6, the cylinder rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the movable plate 2, and also includes the top plate 6, and the top plate 6 and the bottom plate 1 are located in four of them through four The circular column 7 at the corner is fixedly connected, and a ring gear rack 71 is set on the circular column 7 within the stroke range of the hydraulic cylinder; 4 guide sleeve seats 12 are fixed on the upper surface of the movable plate 2, and each guide sleeve seat 12 is fixed on the upper surface. The guide sleeve 81, four lower guide sleeves 82 coaxial with the upper guide sleeve 81 are fixed on the lower surface of the movable plate 2, and a coaxial upper guide sleeve 81 and the lower guide sleeve 82 form a set of guide sleeves 8. The guide sleeve 8 is in clearance fit with the circular surface of the tooth end of an annular rack 71 ; a set of two shaft seats 9 are respectively fixed on the four sides of the movable plate 2 , and a rotating shaft 10 is turned on each set of shaft seats 9 . , the two ends of the rotating shaft 10 are respectively fixed with a coaxial gear 11, the axes of the adjacent two rotating shafts 10 are orthogonal, the two orthogonal sides of the guide sleeve seat 12 are provided with a notch for avoiding the gear 11, and a ring The rack 71 meshes with the two adjacent gears 11 that are orthogonal to the axes; the number of teeth and modules of the annular racks 71 on the four cylindrical columns 7 are the same, and the number of teeth and modules of the eight gears 11 are the same. Same module as gear 11 . The teeth of the gear 11 are arc-shaped teeth fitted to the ring rack 71 . The hydraulic cylinder 5 can drive the movable plate 2 to reciprocate up and down relative to the base plate 1 . The lower end of each circular column 7 is provided with a screw thread to be screwed with the nut 22 and the bottom plate 1 , and a wrench groove 72 is provided in the lower section of each circular column 7 . By inserting the wrench into the wrench groove 72 on each round column and rotating, the position of the ring gear rack 71 on each round column can be precisely adjusted, so that the teeth on the ring gear rack 71 on the four round columns correspond one by one. Afterwards, it is locked by the nut 22, which can ensure the synchronization during the rotation of the gears.

The two gears 11 on the rear side mesh with and abut on the two ring gear racks 71 on the rear side to limit the movement of the movable plate 2 to the rear side, and the two gears 11 on the front side engage with the two ring gear racks on the front side 71 meshes and abuts, restricting the movement of the movable plate 2 to the front side, the two gears 11 on the left side mesh with and abut with a ring gear 71 on the front left side and a ring gear 71 on the rear left side, The movable plate 2 is restricted from moving to the left, and the two gears 11 on the right side mesh with and abut with a ring rack 71 on the front right side and a ring rack 71 on the rear rear side, restricting the movable plate 2 to the right Lateral displacement, so that the movable plate is limited to only move up and down, so as to ensure that the upper blade 4 on the movable plate 2 can only be vertically displaced up and down, even if the upper blade 4 is an oblique edge, there will be a left side during the cutting process. The thrust of the movable plate 2 acts on the movable plate 2, and the movable plate 2 cannot be displaced to the left, so as to ensure that the circular column and the guide sleeve will not be squeezed and rubbed, and there will be no death.

At the same time, since the gears are fixed on the rotating shaft in pairs, the two gears can only rotate synchronously, and the rotating shaft is limited by the rotating shaft seat on the movable plate, so that the movable plate is always synchronized during the up and down displacement process, and will not tilt, thus So that there is no extrusion friction between the cylindrical column and the guide sleeve.

Moreover, the lubricating oil is stored between the teeth of the ring rack, which can replenish the lubricating oil film between the guide bush and the tooth end round surface of the ring rack at any time, thereby ensuring long-term reliable operation.

In another preferred embodiment, the axle seat 9 is fixedly adjustable with the movable plate 2 , so that the play between the movable plate relative to the annular racks 71 on the four cylindrical columns 7 in the four directions of front, rear, left and right can be adjusted. , and can also adjust the shear fit gap between the lower blade 3 and the upper blade 4 to ensure the accuracy of shearing.

In the present embodiment, a platen 20 is fixed on the upper end of the frame 19, the sheet to be cut is placed on the platen 20, and the middle of the platen 20 is provided with an escape groove for avoiding the lower tool rest 20, the lower blade 3 and the upper blade 4, The upper surface of the platen 20 is flush with the upper end of the lower blade 3 or slightly higher than the upper end of the lower blade 3 .

In order to protect the operator and better fix the sheared plate, two sliding sleeves 15 are fixed on the lower surface of the movable plate 2. Connecting to the pressing plate 17 , the pressing spring 18 is sleeved outside the sliding sleeve 15 and the guide rod 16 , the upper end abuts the movable plate 2 , and the lower end abuts the pressing plate 17 . In a natural state, the lower surface of the blanking plate 17 protrudes beyond the lower edge of the upper blade 4 .

In this way, when the movable plate goes down, the upper blade will not leak, the upper blade will not be damaged by the cut plate, and the safety of personnel is also ensured. When the movable plate descends to a certain height, the pressing plate 17 will first be pressed under the action of the elastic force. Hold the sheared plate to prevent the displacement of the plate and ensure the accurate cutting position. The movable plate continues to descend. After overcoming the elasticity of the compression spring, the upper blade 4 and the lower blade 3 cooperate to cut the plate, and then the movable plate moves up, and the upper blade 4 and the lower blade When the blade 3 is separated, the pressing plate 17 will press the plate under the action of the elastic force to prevent the displacement of the plate, the movable plate continues to ascend and reset, and finally the pressing plate 17 also ascends and resets, and the plate cutting operation can be performed again.

In another preferred embodiment, the compression spring 18 is installed in the sliding sleeve 15 , the upper end abuts the movable plate 2 , and the lower end abuts the guide rod 16 . So the overall appearance of the machine is cleaner.

Embodiment 2, as shown in Figures 4-5, is the same as Embodiment 1, except that a plurality of free rollers 21 are set on the frame 19 on the front and rear sides of the lower tool rest 20. The top tangent is flush with the upper end of the lower blade 3 or slightly higher than the upper end of the lower blade 3 . It is suitable for thicker and heavier boards, making it easier and more convenient to load and unload.

The hydraulic system is external to the shearing machine and consists of general hydraulic components such as oil tank, motor, pump, servo valve group and pipeline. The servo valve group can precisely control the separate or synchronous actions of the two oil cylinders. The control system is external to the shearing machine and consists of programmable PLC controller, control display, control cabinet and other general electrical components. A power line and a signal line are connected between the control system and the motor of the hydraulic system and the servo valve group. The PLC controller is pre-programmed, and the parameters are input on the control display, and the two oil cylinders can be controlled to move the corresponding values respectively through the servo valve group of the hydraulic system.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of this patent. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical principles of this patent, several improvements and replacements can be made. These improvements and replacements are also should be regarded as the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims (10)

1. High-precision heavy-duty shearing machine, including a base plate (1), a movable plate (2), a lower blade (3) fixed on the base plate (1), an upper blade (4) fixed on the movable plate (2), and a hydraulic cylinder (5) The movable plate (2) is driven to reciprocate up and down relative to the bottom plate (1), and it is characterized in that it also includes a top plate (6), and the top plate (6) and the bottom plate (1) pass through four circles located at their four corners. The column (7) is fixedly connected, and a ring gear rack (71) is processed within the range corresponding to the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder (5) on the upper section of the circular column (7). Each set of guide bushes (8) is in clearance fit with the circular surface of the tooth end of an annular gear rack (71); four rotating shafts (10) are set on the movable plate (2), and the two ends of each rotating shaft (10) are fixed respectively. A coaxial gear (11) is provided, the axes of the two adjacent rotating shafts (10) are orthogonal, and a ring rack (71) meshes with two adjacent gears (11) whose axes are orthogonal; (7) A thread is provided at the lower end to be screwed with the nut (22) and the bottom plate (1), and a wrench slot (72) is provided in the lower section of each round column (7). 2. The high-precision heavy-duty shearing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of teeth and the module of the annular racks (71) on the four cylindrical columns (7) are the same, and the number of teeth of the eight gears (11) is the same. The same as the module, the ring rack (71) has the same module as the gear (11). 3. The high-precision heavy-duty shearing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder (5) is fixedly connected to the top plate, and the cylinder rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the movable plate. 4. The high-precision heavy-duty shearing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the axle seat (9) and the movable plate (2) are adjustable and fixed. 5. The high-precision heavy-duty shearing machine according to claim 1, wherein the guide sleeve (8) comprises an upper guide sleeve (81) fixed on the guide sleeve seat (12) and a guide sleeve (81) fixed directly on the movable plate (2) The upper guide sleeve (82) is coaxial with the upper guide sleeve (81), the guide sleeve seat (12) is fixed on the upper surface of the movable plate (2), and the two orthogonal guide sleeves (12) are A notch for the avoidance gear (11) is provided on the side. 6. The high-precision heavy-duty shearing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that an upper tool rest (14) is fixed in the middle of the lower surface of the movable plate (2), and the upper tool rest (14) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the beveled edge. A blade (4); a frame (15) is fixed on the bottom plate (1), a lower tool holder (13) is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper end of the frame (19), and the lower blade (3) is fixed on the lower tool holder (13). 7 . The high-precision heavy-duty shearing machine according to claim 1 , wherein the teeth of the gear ( 11 ) are arc-shaped teeth that fit the annular rack ( 71 ). 8 . 8. The high-precision heavy-duty shearing machine according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, two or more sliding sleeves (15) are fixed on the lower surface of the movable plate (2), and each sliding sleeve (15) ) slidingly fits the guide rods (16), the lower ends of all the guide rods (16) are fixedly connected to the pressing plate (17), the compression springs (18) are sleeved on the sliding sleeve (15) and the guide rods (16), and the upper ends are in contact with each other The movable plate (2), the lower end abuts the pressing plate (17); or the compression spring (18) is installed in the sliding sleeve (15), the upper end abuts the movable plate (2), and the lower end abuts the guide rod (16); In the natural state, the lower surface of the blanking plate (17) protrudes beyond the lower edge of the upper blade (4). 9. The high-precision heavy-duty shearing machine according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that a platen (20) is fixed at the upper end of the frame (19), and a lower tool rest ( 20), the avoidance grooves of the lower blade (3) and the upper blade (4), the upper surface of the platen (20) is flush with the upper end of the lower blade (3) or slightly higher than the upper end of the lower blade (3). 10. The high-precision heavy-duty shearing machine according to claims 1-7, characterized in that, a plurality of left and right axially free free rollers ( 21), the top tangent of the free roller (21) is flush with the upper end of the lower blade (3) or slightly higher than the upper end of the lower blade (3).

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