CN114644684B - 一种细胞穿膜肽及其应用 - Google Patents
一种细胞穿膜肽及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114644684B CN114644684B CN202210134572.3A CN202210134572A CN114644684B CN 114644684 B CN114644684 B CN 114644684B CN 202210134572 A CN202210134572 A CN 202210134572A CN 114644684 B CN114644684 B CN 114644684B
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种细胞穿膜肽及其应用。所述细胞穿膜肽命名为细胞穿膜肽GAN_474,氨基酸序列为GRKKRRQRRAPPQM。本发明所述的细胞穿透肽能够穿透细胞膜进入细胞,同时有递送蛋白质进入细胞的功能,并且对细胞没有毒性。本发明所述的小肽可用于药物递送系统的开发和纳米材料的制备等。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物技术领域,特别是涉及一种细胞穿膜肽及其应用。
背景技术
由于细胞膜的屏障作用,多种具有治疗功效的蛋白质、多肽和寡聚核苷酸难以进入细胞发挥药效。
细胞穿膜肽(cell-penetrating peptides,CPPs)是由大约8-30个氨基酸残基组成的寡肽,能够被活细胞吸收。将不容易进入细胞的蛋白质、多肽和寡聚核苷酸药物通过与细胞穿膜肽偶联,然后由细胞穿膜肽带入细胞内,从而发挥蛋白质、多肽和寡聚核苷酸药物在细胞内的功能。
现有不同类型的CPPs,包括阳离子肽、两亲肽(阳离子/疏水)和疏水肽(疏水>阳离子),其中阳离子氨基酸(如精氨酸和赖氨酸)起着关键作用。
比如,公开号为CN108707187A的发明公开了一种细胞穿膜肽及其制备方法、应用,所述细胞穿膜肽包括第一序列RRRRRKQARRPRRRRAR,或包含第二序列RSSRRRRRRRRRKQRKVKR。
再比如,公开号为CN108059655A的发明公开了一种细胞穿膜肽及其制备方法、应用,所述细胞穿膜肽包括如下序列:PGRKRRRRRRKG。且所述细胞穿膜肽安全,穿膜效果显著。
两亲肽CPPs通常采用螺旋结构,在阳离子部分和疏水部分之间有明显的分离,其稳定的螺旋结构是有效细胞膜通透性的关键。CPPs可以将不透膜的化合物、蛋白质和核酸输送到活细胞中;因此,它们有望用作药物输送工具。高效且毒性可忽略的新型CPPs仍在开发中(Oba M.Cell-Penetrating Peptide Foldamers:Drug-DeliveryTools.Chembiochem.2019 Aug 16;20(16):2041-2045.doi:10.1002/cbic.201900204.Epub 2019 Jul9.PMID:30997711.)。
发明内容
本发明研究发现了一种新的细胞穿膜肽,能够递送蛋白质进入细胞。
一种细胞穿膜肽,命名为细胞穿膜肽GAN_474,氨基酸序列为GRKKRRQRRAPPQM。
优选的,所述细胞穿膜肽,在细胞穿膜肽GAN_474的C端加入马来酰亚胺修饰。C端修饰了马来酰亚胺后,可以直接与C端有半胱氨酸残基的蛋白质或多肽等通过马来酰亚胺与巯基的迈克尔加成反应进行偶联。
本发明还提供了所述细胞穿膜肽在制备用于将外源蛋白质递送到细胞内的递送系统中的应用。所述的应用,将所述细胞穿膜肽与待递送的外源蛋白质偶联。
多肽和蛋白质或其他多肽之间的偶联可以有多种不同的方式,由于细胞穿膜肽负责将偶联物带入到细胞内,然后由偶联的另一半来发挥细胞内的功能,所以,只要能够将两者偶联在一起即可,偶联的方式并没有特别限制。
优选的,偶联时,在所述细胞穿膜肽的C端加入马来酰亚胺修饰,在外源蛋白质的C端表达有半胱氨酸,通过马来酰亚胺与巯基的迈克尔加成反应将所述细胞穿膜肽与外源蛋白质偶联。优选时,偶联时,所述细胞穿膜肽与外源蛋白质的摩尔比为6∶1。在该比例下,本发明细胞穿膜肽具有较好的偶联效果。优选的,偶联时,在室温下进行。偶联反应时间不少于2小时。偶联后对产物进行透析去除未偶联成功的细胞穿膜肽。
本发明所述的细胞穿透肽能够穿透细胞膜进入细胞,同时有递送蛋白质进入细胞的功能,并且对细胞没有毒性。本发明所述的小肽可用于药物递送系统的开发和纳米材料的制备等。
附图说明
图1为GAN_474多肽的螺旋轮结构示意图,蓝色为带有阳离子的氨基酸残基。
图2为GAN_474多肽的三维结构示意图,其中蓝色部分是N端,橙色部分是C端。
图3为GAN_474多肽与EGFP蛋白通过麦克尔加成方法偶联的示意图,其中,“HA”表示EGFP的C端连接一个HA标签,“C”表示半胱氨酸残基,“Mal”表示在CPP(这里是GAN_474多肽)的C端修饰了马来酰亚胺。
图4为EGFP蛋白的质粒图谱。
图5为测试不同浓度多肽的递送效率。
图6为GAN_474多肽的穿膜实验验证荧光结果图,其中,A为GAN_474多肽与EGFP偶联产物;B为未偶联GAN_474多肽的EGFP。
图7为GAN_474多肽的穿膜实验验证流式分析结果图。A为GAN_474多肽的流式结果;B为阳性对照(阳离子肽9R)的流式结果。
具体实施方式
实施例1:细胞穿膜肽GAN_474与EGFP蛋白的偶联反应
本发明首先对细胞穿膜肽GAN_474多肽进行了螺旋轮结构预测(图1)和三维结构预测(图2),确定该多肽为两亲肽,且包含α-螺旋二级结构,符合细胞穿膜肽的理化特性和结构特性。
图3为GAN_474多肽与EGFP蛋白通过麦克尔加成方法偶联的示意图,其中,“HA”表示EGFP的C端连接一个HA标签(可以用于后续使用针对HA标签的抗体来检测偶联后的产物),图3中“HA”右侧的“C”表示半胱氨酸残基,“Mal”表示在CPP(这里是GAN_474多肽)的C端修饰了马来酰亚胺。连接有HA标签的EGFP氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.1所示。
本发明通过在细胞穿膜肽GAN_474多肽(一级结构序列为GRKKRRQRRAPPQM)的C端加入马来酰亚胺(Mal)修饰(图3),以及表达纯化C端含有半胱氨酸(C)的绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP,图4),将二者进行马来酰亚胺与巯基的迈克尔加成反应,将从公司(南京杰肽公司)合成的多肽(C端已经修饰有马来酰亚胺)与绿色荧光蛋白(C端含有半胱氨酸)偶联,进而递送EGFP进入细胞。
1、细胞穿膜肽GAN_474的原始浓度为1036.13μM,绿色荧光蛋白浓度为446μM,反应体系为200μL绿色荧光蛋白中缓慢混入86.09μL细胞穿膜肽GAN_474。GAN_474多肽与EGFP蛋白以摩尔比为6∶1的比例进行混合,两者按照摩尔比例,将多肽缓慢加入蛋白溶液混匀,室温轨道摇床反应2小时。
2、用截流量10kD的透析膜对混合反应后的样品在4℃低温透析24小时。
3、测定透析结束的产物浓度,在生物安全柜内进行滤膜除菌操作。
实施例2:递送实验
1、除菌后的样品进行浓度计算,终浓度梯度为0.5μM,1μM,1.5μM,2μM,2.5μM,3μM,3.5μM和4μM。对HEK 293T细胞进行转染实验。
2、首先使用opti-MEM对HEK 293T细胞进行表面清洗,除去该清洗液,加入混有上述终浓度梯度的GAN_474多肽的opti-MEM,将细胞置于37℃,5%(体积浓度)二氧化碳的细胞培养箱,培养4小时。
3、除去多肽处理液,用PBS清洗细胞后,胰酶消化处理,重悬细胞进行流式细胞术分析。
4、根据图5结果显示,GAN_474和阳性对照组多肽9R(序列为RRRRRRRRR,是已有文章报导的可递送Cas9蛋白进入细胞的多肽。文章为:Suresh Ramakrishna,et al.,(2014)Gene disruption by cell-penetrating peptide-mediated delivery of Cas9 proteinand guide RNA)均在2.5μM浓度下递送效果最好。
5、图6为GAN_474多肽的穿膜实验验证荧光结果图,其中,A为GAN_474多肽与EGFP偶联产物;B为未偶联GAN_474多肽的EGFP,从图中可以看出,GAN_474多肽与EGFP偶联产物处理的细胞内部能看到绿色荧光,说明EGFP蛋白已经顺利被递送到细胞内;而未偶联GAN_474多肽的EGFP处理的细胞内部无法看到绿色荧光,说明单独EGFP不能进入细胞内。
图7为GAN_474多肽的穿膜实验验证流式分析结果图。A为GAN_474多肽的流式结果;B为阳性对照(阳离子肽9R)的流式结果。
根据图6、图7结果证明,GAN_474比阳性对照组9R的蛋白递送效率提高10倍。
实施例3:细胞毒性实验
本实施例通过CCK-8实验检测细胞的活性,进而检验GAN_474对哺乳动物细胞是否存在毒性。CCK-8为商品化试剂盒,具体操作有相关说明书。
表1
细胞毒性结果如表1所示,-表示无毒性,+表示有毒性。GAN_474在测定的浓度范围内对HEK 293T细胞无毒。
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Claims (9)
1.一种细胞穿膜肽,其特征在于,命名为细胞穿膜肽GAN_474,氨基酸序列为GRKKRRQRRAPPQM。
2.根据权利要求1所述细胞穿膜肽,其特征在于,在细胞穿膜肽GAN_474的C端加入马来酰亚胺修饰。
3.权利要求1或2所述细胞穿膜肽在制备用于将外源蛋白质递送到细胞内的递送系统中的应用。
4.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,将所述细胞穿膜肽与待递送的外源蛋白质偶联。
5.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,偶联时,在所述细胞穿膜肽的C端加入马来酰亚胺修饰,在外源蛋白质的C端表达有半胱氨酸,通过马来酰亚胺与巯基的迈克尔加成反应将所述细胞穿膜肽与外源蛋白质偶联。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,偶联时,所述细胞穿膜肽与外源蛋白质的摩尔比为6∶1。
7.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,偶联时,在室温下进行。
8.根据权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于,偶联反应时间不少于2小时。
9.根据权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于,偶联后对产物进行透析去除未偶联成功的细胞穿膜肽。
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