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CN114624906A - Liquid crystal display device with adjustable wide and narrow visual angle regions and driving method - Google Patents

Liquid crystal display device with adjustable wide and narrow visual angle regions and driving method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114624906A
CN114624906A CN202210247210.5A CN202210247210A CN114624906A CN 114624906 A CN114624906 A CN 114624906A CN 202210247210 A CN202210247210 A CN 202210247210A CN 114624906 A CN114624906 A CN 114624906A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
wide
light
liquid crystal
viewing angle
dimming
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
CN202210247210.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114624906B (en
Inventor
陆敏
赖信杰
陆玉花
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InfoVision Optoelectronics Kunshan Co Ltd
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InfoVision Optoelectronics Kunshan Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202210247210.5A priority Critical patent/CN114624906B/en
Publication of CN114624906A publication Critical patent/CN114624906A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
    • G02B6/0073—Light emitting diode [LED]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0075—Arrangements of multiple light guides
    • G02B6/0078—Side-by-side arrangements, e.g. for large area displays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133605—Direct backlight including specially adapted reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G02F1/133607—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133612—Electrical details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)

Abstract

A liquid crystal display device with adjustable wide and narrow visual angle regions and a driving method thereof are provided, the liquid crystal display device with adjustable wide and narrow visual angle regions comprises a dimming box, a display liquid crystal box and a backlight module which are mutually overlapped; the dimming box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer, wherein a first electrode is arranged on the first substrate, a plurality of second electrodes are arranged on the second substrate, the dimming box is provided with a plurality of mutually independent wide and narrow visual angle control areas, and each wide and narrow visual angle control area corresponds to one second electrode; the backlight module comprises a light guide plate and a plurality of groups of mutually independent light sources, the light guide plate comprises a plurality of mutually independent dimming areas, each dimming area at least corresponds to one group of light sources, and the wide and narrow visual angle control area corresponds to the dimming area. The wide and narrow visual angle control area of the dimming box can independently realize wide and narrow visual angle switching, the backlight module is provided with a plurality of mutually independent dimming areas, and the wide and narrow visual angle control area corresponds to the dimming area, so that the display effect of a narrow visual angle can be improved.

Description

Liquid crystal display device with adjustable wide and narrow visual angle regions and driving method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of displays, in particular to a liquid crystal display device with adjustable wide and narrow visual angle regions and a driving method.
Background
With the continuous progress of the liquid crystal display technology, the viewing angle of the display has been widened from about 112 ° to over 160 °, and people want to effectively protect business confidentiality and personal privacy while enjoying visual experience brought by a large viewing angle, so as to avoid business loss or embarrassment caused by the leakage of screen information. Therefore, in addition to the requirement of wide viewing angle, in many cases, the display device is required to have the function of switching between wide and narrow viewing angles.
At present mainly take attached tripe barrier film on the display screen to realize the switching of wide narrow visual angle, when needs peep-proof, utilize the tripe barrier film to cover the screen and can reduce the visual angle, but this kind of mode needs additionally to prepare the tripe barrier film, can cause very big inconvenience for the user, and a tripe barrier film can only realize a visual angle, in case after the attached tripe barrier film, the visual angle is just fixed in narrow visual angle mode, lead to can't freely switch between wide visual angle mode and narrow visual angle mode, and the peep-proof piece can cause the luminance to reduce and influence the display effect.
In the prior art, a vertical electric field is applied to liquid crystal molecules by using a viewing angle control electrode on one side of a Color Filter (CF) substrate, so that liquid crystals deflect in a vertical direction, and a narrow viewing angle mode is realized. By controlling the voltage on the viewing angle control electrode, switching between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle can be achieved.
However, in the prior art, switching of the wide and narrow viewing angles is generally performed on the whole, and switching of the wide and narrow viewing angles in the region cannot be achieved, for example, when information is displayed outside in a hospital or other institutes, only personal information needs to be hidden, the wide and narrow viewing angles need to exist at the same time, and regional peep prevention is achieved on the same screen. Moreover, the brightness of the backlight module at the wide viewing angle and the narrow viewing angle in the prior art is consistent, so that the display effect at the narrow viewing angle is poor when the wide viewing angle and the narrow viewing angle exist simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a liquid crystal display device with an adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle region and a driving method thereof, so as to solve the problems that the liquid crystal display device in the prior art cannot realize regional adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle switching and has poor narrow viewing angle display effect.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a liquid crystal display device with an adjustable wide and narrow visual angle area, which comprises a dimming box, a display liquid crystal box and a backlight module which are arranged in a mutually laminated mode, wherein the dimming box and the display liquid crystal box are arranged on the light emergent side of the backlight module;
the dimming box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer, wherein the second substrate is arranged opposite to the first substrate, the first liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first electrode is arranged on one side, facing the first liquid crystal layer, of the first substrate, a plurality of second electrodes matched with the first electrode are arranged on one side, facing the first liquid crystal layer, of the second substrate, the second electrodes are arranged in an insulated mode, the dimming box is provided with a plurality of mutually independent wide and narrow visual angle control areas, and each wide and narrow visual angle control area corresponds to one second electrode;
the display panel comprises a color film substrate, an array substrate arranged opposite to the color film substrate and a second liquid crystal layer arranged between the color film substrate and the array substrate;
the backlight module comprises a light guide plate and a plurality of groups of mutually independent light sources, the light guide plate comprises a plurality of mutually independent dimming areas, each dimming area at least corresponds to one group of light sources, and the wide and narrow visual angle control area corresponds to the dimming area.
Furthermore, the light source is fixed on the side wall of the light guide plate, and the light emergent surface of the light source is tightly attached to the side wall of the light guide plate.
Further, the light source is arranged on the side edge of the light guide plate, and/or the light source is arranged on the top corner of the light guide plate.
Furthermore, the backlight module also comprises a wire connected with the light source and a connector connected with the wire, and the wire and the connector are arranged on the side wall of the light guide plate.
Further, the light source is fixed on the bottom wall of the light guide plate, and the light emitting surface of the light source is tightly attached to the bottom wall of the light guide plate.
Further, each group of the light sources is provided with a plurality of LED lamps which are mutually connected in series.
Further, the light guide plate is provided with a reflective coating in an area corresponding to the peripheral non-display area.
Further, the refractive index of the light guide plate is greater than 1.4.
Furthermore, one side of the display panel, which is far away from the dimming box, is provided with a first polarizing plate, a second polarizing plate is arranged between the dimming box and the display panel, one side of the dimming box, which is far away from the display panel, is provided with a third polarizing plate, the light transmission axes of the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate are mutually vertical, and the light transmission axes of the third polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate are mutually parallel.
The invention also provides a driving method of a liquid crystal display device, the driving method is used for driving the liquid crystal display device with adjustable wide and narrow visual angle regions, and the driving method comprises the following steps:
when the wide and narrow visual angle control area of the light modulation box is displayed in a wide visual angle mode, the backlight module emits first brightness light corresponding to the light modulation area of the wide visual angle area;
when the wide and narrow visual angle control area of the dimming box is displayed in a narrow visual angle mode, the backlight module emits second brightness light corresponding to the dimming area of the narrow visual angle area, and the brightness of the second brightness light is smaller than that of the first brightness light.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: through set up first electrode on first base plate, set up a plurality of mutual insulating second electrodes at the second base plate for the wide and narrow visual angle control area of adjusting luminance box can independently realize the wide and narrow visual angle and switch, and backlight unit sets up a plurality of mutual independent areas of adjusting luminance moreover, and wide and narrow visual angle control area is corresponding with the area of adjusting luminance, thereby can independently adjust the luminance in a poor light that wide visual angle area or narrow visual angle area correspond, with the display effect that increases narrow visual angle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wide viewing angle structure of a wide and narrow viewing angle range adjustable LCD device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a liquid crystal display device with adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle regions according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the light guide plate and the light source according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a light guide plate and a light source according to the present invention;
FIG. 5a is a second schematic side view of the light guide plate and the light source of the present invention;
FIG. 5b is a schematic view of a light source reverse component on a light guide plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 6a is a schematic top view of a light guide plate and a light source according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6b is a second schematic top view of a light guide plate and a light source according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of backlight brightness as a function of ambient light brightness for wide view mode and narrow view mode in accordance with the present invention;
FIGS. 8a to 8h are power conditions of regional light sources corresponding to the wide view angle mode and the narrow view angle mode in different scenes according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a wide viewing angle structure of a liquid crystal display device with an adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle regions according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a wide viewing angle LCD device with adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle regions according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 11a-11d are power conditions of regional light sources corresponding to the wide view angle mode and the narrow view angle mode in different scenes according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view of a liquid crystal display device with adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle regions according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a second schematic view showing the planar structure of the liquid crystal display device with adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle regions according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description will be given of specific embodiments, structures, features and effects of the liquid crystal display device with adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle regions and the driving method thereof according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wide viewing angle structure of a wide and narrow viewing angle range adjustable LCD device according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a liquid crystal display device with adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle regions according to the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the light guide plate and the light source according to the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a light guide plate and a light source according to the present invention; FIG. 5a is a second schematic side view of the light guide plate and the light source of the present invention; FIG. 5b is a schematic view of a light source reverse component on a light guide plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 6a is a schematic top view of a light guide plate and a light source according to another embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 6b is a second schematic top view of a light guide plate and a light source according to another embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7 is a graph of backlight brightness as a function of ambient light brightness for wide view mode and narrow view mode in accordance with the present invention; FIGS. 8a to 8h are power conditions of regional light sources corresponding to the wide view angle mode and the narrow view angle mode in different scenes according to the present invention; FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a wide viewing angle LCD device with adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle regions according to another embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a wide viewing angle LCD device with adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle regions according to another embodiment of the present invention; FIGS. 11a-11d are power conditions of regional light sources corresponding to the wide view angle mode and the narrow view angle mode in different scenes according to another embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view of a liquid crystal display device with adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle regions according to the present invention; FIG. 13 is a second schematic diagram of a planar structure of a wide and narrow viewing angle range adjustable LCD device of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5b, the liquid crystal display device with adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle regions provided by the present invention includes a light modulation box 10, a display liquid crystal box 20 and a backlight module 40, which are stacked on each other, wherein the light modulation box 10 and the display liquid crystal box 20 are both disposed on the light emitting side of the backlight module 40. In this embodiment, the dimming box 10 is disposed below the display liquid crystal cell 20, that is, the dimming box 10 is disposed between the display liquid crystal cell 20 and the backlight module 40, the dimming box 10 is used for controlling a viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device, the display liquid crystal cell 20 is used for controlling the liquid crystal display device to display a normal image, and the backlight module 40 is used for providing a backlight source for the liquid crystal display device. Of course, the light modulation cell 10 can also be disposed above the display liquid crystal cell 20, i.e. the display liquid crystal cell 20 is disposed between the light modulation cell 10 and the backlight module 40.
The light modulation box 10 includes a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12 disposed opposite to the first substrate 11, and a first liquid crystal layer 13 disposed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. A first electrode 111 is disposed on a side of the first substrate 11 facing the first liquid crystal layer 13, a plurality of second electrodes 121 matched with the first electrode 111 are disposed on a side of the second substrate 12 facing the first liquid crystal layer 13, and the plurality of second electrodes 121 are insulated from each other. The dimming cell 10 has a plurality of mutually independent wide and narrow viewing angle control regions, each of the wide and narrow viewing angle control regions corresponds to one of the second electrodes 121, and each of the second electrodes 121 is used for controlling the switching of the wide and narrow viewing angles of the corresponding wide and narrow viewing angle control region.
The first electrode 111 is preferably an electrode disposed corresponding to the entire surface of the light modulation box 10, the second electrodes 121 are block-shaped electrodes corresponding to the wide and narrow viewing angle control regions, and voltages applied between the second electrodes 121 are complementarily interfered, so that each wide and narrow viewing angle control region can independently realize wide viewing angle display and narrow viewing angle display, thereby realizing wide and narrow viewing angle regional control. Each second electrode 121 may correspond to a plurality of sub-pixels, or may correspond to only one sub-pixel.
In the present embodiment, the first liquid crystal layer 13 preferably uses positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric anisotropy. As shown in fig. 1, in the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are aligned parallel to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, and the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules near the first substrate 11 is parallel or antiparallel to the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules near the second substrate 12, so that the light modulation cell 10 exhibits a wide viewing angle display in the initial state. As shown in fig. 2, when a narrow viewing angle control region is required to realize narrow viewing angle display, a larger voltage is applied to the corresponding second electrode 121, so that a larger voltage difference (for example, 5V) is formed between the second electrode 121 and the first electrode 111, and the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are deflected in the vertical direction, so that the light modulation cell 10 displays narrow viewing angle display.
Preferably, the second substrate 12 is further provided with a prism layer 122, and the prism layer 122 has a light-gathering effect, so as to increase the narrow viewing angle effect of the light modulation box 10.
The display panel 20 includes a color filter substrate 21, an array substrate 22 disposed opposite to the color filter substrate 21, and a second liquid crystal layer 23 disposed between the color filter substrate 21 and the array substrate 22. The second liquid crystal layer 23 preferably uses positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric anisotropy, and in an initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are aligned parallel to the color filter substrate 21 and the array substrate 22, and the alignment directions of the positive liquid crystal molecules close to the color filter substrate 21 and the positive liquid crystal molecules close to the array substrate 22 are parallel or antiparallel. Of course, in other embodiments, the second liquid crystal layer 23 may also adopt negative liquid crystal molecules, and the negative liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 may be aligned perpendicular to the color film substrate 21 and the array substrate 22, that is, in an alignment manner similar to the VA display mode.
A first polarizing plate 31 is disposed on a side of the display panel 20 away from the light modulation box 10, a second polarizing plate 32 is disposed between the light modulation box 10 and the display panel 20, a third polarizing plate 33 is disposed on a side of the light modulation box 10 away from the display panel 20, light transmission axes of the first polarizing plate 31 and the second polarizing plate 32 are perpendicular to each other, and light transmission axes of the third polarizing plate 33 and the second polarizing plate 32 are parallel to each other.
The color filter substrate 21 is provided with color resist layers 212 arranged in an array and a black matrix 211 separating the color resist layers 212, and the color resist layers 212 include color resist materials of three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), and correspondingly form sub-pixels of three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B).
The array substrate 22 defines a plurality of pixel units on a side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23 by a plurality of scan lines and a plurality of data lines insulated from and crossing each other, a pixel electrode 222 and a thin film transistor are provided in each pixel unit, and the pixel electrode 222 is electrically connected to the data line of the adjacent thin film transistor through the thin film transistor. The thin film transistor includes a gate electrode, an active layer, a drain electrode and a source electrode, the gate electrode and the scan line are located in the same layer and electrically connected, the gate electrode and the active layer are isolated by an insulating layer, the source electrode and the data line are electrically connected, and the drain electrode and the pixel electrode 222 are electrically connected through a contact hole.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a common electrode 221 is further disposed on a side of the array substrate 22 facing the second liquid crystal layer 23, and the common electrode 221 and the pixel electrode 222 are located at different layers and insulated and isolated by an insulating layer. The common electrode 221 may be located above or below the pixel electrode 222 (the common electrode 221 is located below the pixel electrode 222 in fig. 1). Preferably, the common electrode 221 is a planar electrode disposed over the entire surface, and the pixel electrode 222 is a block electrode disposed in one block in each pixel unit or a slit electrode having a plurality of electrode bars to form a Fringe Field Switching (FFS) mode. Of course, In other embodiments, the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221 may be located on the same layer, but they are insulated from each other, each of the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221 may include a plurality of electrode strips, and the electrode strips of the pixel electrode 222 and the electrode strips of the common electrode 221 are alternately arranged to form an In-Plane Switching (IPS) mode; alternatively, in other embodiments, the array substrate 22 is provided with the pixel electrode 222 on a side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23, and the color filter substrate 21 is provided with the common electrode 221 on a side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23 to form a TN mode or a VA mode, and for other descriptions of the TN mode and the VA mode, reference is made to the prior art, and details are not repeated here.
The first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, the color filter substrate 21, and the array substrate 22 may be made of glass, acrylic, polycarbonate, or other materials. The material of the first electrode 111, the second electrode 121, the common electrode 221, and the pixel electrode 222 may be Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), or the like.
The backlight module 40 includes a light guide plate 41 and a plurality of groups of mutually independent light sources 42, the light guide plate 41 includes a plurality of mutually independent dimming regions 411, each dimming region 411 corresponds to at least one group of light sources 42, that is, the brightness of each dimming region 411 can be independently controlled. The wide and narrow viewing angle control regions correspond to the dimming regions 411, and each wide and narrow viewing angle control region may correspond to one dimming region 411. Of course, each wide and narrow viewing angle control region may correspond to a plurality of dimming regions 411. Preferably, each set of light sources 42 has a plurality of LED lamps connected in series with each other.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the backlight module 40 is preferably a side-in type backlight module, i.e. light emitted from the light source 42 is incident into the light guide plate 41 from the side wall of the light guide plate 41. Specifically, the light source 42 is fixed on the sidewall of the light guide plate 41, in this embodiment, the light source 42 is a top-emitting LED light source, the light source 42 is reversely disposed on the sidewall of the light guide plate 41 through the pins 423, and the light emitting surface of the light source 42 is tightly attached to the sidewall of the light guide plate 41, so as to prevent the light emitting surface of the light source 42 and the sidewall of the light guide plate 41 from generating a gap, which leads to light leakage. The light guide plate 41 may be spaced apart from each other between two adjacent dimming regions 411 to avoid interference of light rays of the two adjacent dimming regions 411, and of course, a whole light guide plate 41 may be used, and only when a voltage is applied to the light source 42, the influence of the interference needs to be taken into consideration. As shown in fig. 8a to 8h, Privacy represents a narrow viewing angle region, clipping represents a wide viewing angle region, the current duty of the light source 42 corresponding to the wide viewing angle region is a, since the light beams of the two adjacent dimming regions 411 interfere with each other, in order to make the brightness of the narrow viewing angle region half of the brightness of the wide viewing angle region, the current duty of the light source 42 corresponding to the narrow viewing angle region is required to be smaller than the current duty a of the light source 42 corresponding to the wide viewing angle region, and the current duty of the light source 42 corresponding to the narrow viewing angle region is, for example, 20% a, 25% a, 30% a, 35% a, 40% a, 50% a, etc. according to the position of the narrow viewing angle region. The present application controls the brightness of the light source 42 by controlling the magnitude of the current passing through the light source 42, and the optimal display mode is that the brightness of the light source 42 in the narrow viewing angle region is less than or equal to half of the brightness of the light source 42 in the wide viewing angle region, which is not limited to this.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the light source 42 is disposed at a side of the light guide plate 41. In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 6a and 6b, the light source 42 may also be disposed at the top corner of the light guide plate 41. Alternatively, the light source 42 may be provided at a side edge of the light guide plate 41, or at a corner of the light guide plate 41.
As shown in fig. 5a, the backlight module 40 further includes a wire 421 connected to the light source 42 and a connector 422 connected to the wire 421, wherein the wire 421 and the connector 422 are both disposed on the sidewall of the light guide plate 41, so that the light source 42 and the light guide plate 41 form a whole. Of course, in another embodiment, the light sources 42 are side-emitting LED light sources, as shown in fig. 9, the backlight module 40 may further include a circuit board 44, the circuit board 44 is adhered to the bottom wall of the light guide plate 41, and the circuit board 44 is electrically connected to the light sources 42 respectively, so as to control the brightness of the light sources 42.
Preferably, a high refractive index coating 412 is provided on the light incident surface of the light guide plate 41, thereby improving the light utilization efficiency. The refractive index of the light guide plate 41 is greater than 1.4, so that when the light emitted from the light source 42 enters the light guide plate 41, the light has a converging effect, thereby improving the effect of a narrow viewing angle. As shown in fig. 4 and 5a, the light guide plate 41 may also be coated with a high refractive index coating 412, so that the light emitted from the light source 42 is focused when entering the light guide plate 41. The surface of the light guide plate 41 except the light incident surface may be coated with a high reflective coating corresponding to the peripheral non-display area, the high reflective coating being used for reflection and insulation to improve the utilization rate of light.
Further, the backlight module 40 further includes a package 43, and the light guide plate 41 and the light source 42 are disposed in the package 43.
As shown in fig. 10, in another embodiment, the backlight module 40 may also adopt a Collimated Backlight (CBL) mode. Specifically, the light source 42 is fixed on the bottom wall of the light guide plate 41, and the light emitting surface of the light source 42 is closely attached to the bottom wall of the light guide plate 41. In the collimated backlight mode, the light rays of two adjacent dimming regions 411 do not substantially interfere with each other. As shown in fig. 11a-11d, privacy represents a narrow viewing angle region, shading represents a wide viewing angle region, the current duty of the light source 42 corresponding to the wide viewing angle region is a, and since the light rays of the two adjacent dimming regions 411 do not substantially interfere with each other, in order to make the current duty of the narrow viewing angle region half the current duty of the wide viewing angle region, the current duty of the light source 42 corresponding to the narrow viewing angle region is a/2. The present application controls the brightness of the light source 42 by controlling the magnitude of the current passing through the light source 42, and the optimal display mode is that the brightness of the light source 42 with a narrow viewing angle is half of the brightness of the light source 42 with a wide viewing angle, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the liquid crystal display device with adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle regions further includes a privacy layer 51 and a diffusion sheet 52 disposed between the light modulation box 10 and the backlight module 40. The peep-proof layer 51 is a micro louver structure, and can block light rays with a large incident angle, so that light rays with a small incident angle can pass through the peep-proof layer, and the angle range of the light rays passing through the peep-proof layer 51 is reduced. The peep-proof layer 51 comprises a plurality of parallel light resistance walls and a light hole between two adjacent light resistance walls, and light absorption materials are arranged on two sides of each light resistance wall. The diffuser 52 may make the light emitted from the backlight assembly 40 to the light box 10 more uniform. Of course, a prism sheet may be disposed between the light box 10 and the backlight module 40 to further focus light.
The invention also provides a driving method of the liquid crystal display device, the driving method is used for driving the liquid crystal display device with adjustable wide and narrow visual angle areas, and the driving method comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 1, when the wide and narrow viewing angle control regions of the light-adjusting cell 10 are displayed in the wide viewing angle mode, and the voltage difference between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121 is small (e.g., less than 0.3V), the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are not substantially deflected and maintain the initial lying posture. The backlight module 40 emits the first brightness light corresponding to the dimming region 411 of the wide viewing angle region, and the backlight module 40 emits the first brightness light in the lying posture of the first liquid crystal layer 13 in the matching dimming box 10, so that the wide viewing angle effect is better.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, when the wide and narrow viewing angle control region of the dimming cell 10 is displayed in the narrow viewing angle mode (refer to the red subpixel and the blue subpixel), at this time, the voltage difference between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121 is large (for example, more than 5V), and the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are largely deflected in the vertical direction and take an inclined posture. The backlight module 40 emits the second brightness light corresponding to the dimming region 411 of the narrow viewing angle region, the brightness of the second brightness light is smaller than that of the first brightness light, and the backlight module 40 emits the inclined posture of the second brightness light in the first liquid crystal layer 13 in the matching dimming box 10, so that the large viewing angle light receiving effect of the liquid crystal display device is better, namely the narrow viewing angle effect is better.
Preferably, the brightness of the second luminance light is half of the brightness of the first luminance light, that is, the brightness of the narrow viewing angle region corresponding dimming region 411 is half of the brightness of the wide viewing angle region corresponding dimming region 411. To increase the light harvesting effect in the narrow viewing angle region. Of course, the brightness of the second brightness light can be adjusted according to the user's preference, that is, the user can adjust the narrow viewing angle effect by himself.
As shown in fig. 7, a curve W represents a variation curve of the first luminance light with the intensity of the ambient light, and a curve N represents a variation curve of the second luminance light with the intensity of the ambient light. The intensity of the first brightness light and the intensity of the second brightness light can be changed along with the change of the intensity of the environment light, so that the liquid crystal display device has good wide visual angle display effect and narrow visual angle display effect in daily use.
Fig. 12 and 13 are schematic plan views illustrating a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 12 and 13, the display device is provided with a viewing angle switching key 60 for a user to send a viewing angle switching request to the display device. The view switching key 60 may be a physical key (as shown in fig. 12), or may be a software control or application program (APP) to implement a switching function (as shown in fig. 13, for example, a wide view and a narrow view are set by a slider). When a user needs to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle, a viewing angle switching request can be sent to the display device by operating the viewing angle switching key 60, and finally the driving chip 70 controls the electric signals applied to the first electrode 111, the second electrode 121 and the backlight module 40.
In this document, the terms of upper, lower, left, right, front, rear and the like are used to define the positions of the structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures relative to each other, and are only used for the sake of clarity and convenience in technical solution. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims. It is also to be understood that the terms "first" and "second," etc., are used herein for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting in number or order.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The liquid crystal display device with the adjustable wide and narrow visual angle regions is characterized by comprising a dimming box (10), a display liquid crystal box (20) and a backlight module (40) which are stacked mutually, wherein the dimming box (10) and the display liquid crystal box (20) are arranged on the light emergent side of the backlight module (40);
the dimming box (10) comprises a first substrate (11), a second substrate (12) and a first liquid crystal layer (13), wherein the second substrate (12) is arranged opposite to the first substrate (11), the first liquid crystal layer (13) is arranged between the first substrate (11) and the second substrate (12), a first electrode (111) is arranged on one side, facing the first liquid crystal layer (13), of the first substrate (11), a plurality of second electrodes (121) matched with the first electrode (111) are arranged on one side, facing the first liquid crystal layer (13), of the second substrate (12), the second electrodes (121) are arranged in an insulating mode, the dimming box (10) is provided with a plurality of mutually independent wide and narrow visual angle control areas, and each wide and narrow visual angle control area corresponds to one second electrode (121);
the display panel (20) comprises a color film substrate (21), an array substrate (22) arranged opposite to the color film substrate (21), and a second liquid crystal layer (23) arranged between the color film substrate (21) and the array substrate (22);
the backlight module (40) comprises a light guide plate (41) and a plurality of groups of mutually independent light sources (42), the light guide plate (41) comprises a plurality of mutually independent dimming areas (411), each dimming area (411) at least corresponds to one group of light sources (42), and the wide and narrow viewing angle control area corresponds to the dimming area (411).
2. The LCD device with adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle regions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the light source (42) is fixed on the sidewall of the light guide plate (41), and the light emitting surface of the light source (42) is closely attached to the sidewall of the light guide plate (41).
3. The LCD device with adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle regions as claimed in claim 2, wherein the light source (42) is disposed at a side of the light guide plate (41) and/or the light source (42) is disposed at a top corner of the light guide plate (41).
4. The LCD device with adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle regions of claim 2, wherein the backlight module (40) further comprises a wire (421) connected to the light source (42) and a connector (422) connected to the wire (421), and the wire (421) and the connector (422) are both disposed on the sidewall of the light guide plate (41).
5. The LCD device with adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle regions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the light source (42) is fixed on the bottom wall of the light guide plate (41), and a light emitting surface of the light source (42) is closely attached to the bottom wall of the light guide plate (41).
6. The LCD device with adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle regions as claimed in claim 1, wherein each group of the light sources (42) has a plurality of LED lamps, and the LED lamps are connected in series with each other.
7. The liquid crystal display device with adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle regions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the light guide plate (41) is provided with a reflective coating in a region corresponding to the peripheral non-display region.
8. The liquid crystal display device with adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle regions of claim 1, wherein the refractive index of the light guide plate (41) is greater than 1.4.
9. The LCD device with adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle regions as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first polarizer (31) is disposed on a side of the display panel (20) away from the light modulation box (10), a second polarizer (32) is disposed between the light modulation box (10) and the display panel (20), a third polarizer (33) is disposed on a side of the light modulation box (10) away from the display panel (20), transmission axes of the first polarizer (31) and the second polarizer (32) are perpendicular to each other, and transmission axes of the third polarizer (33) and the second polarizer (32) are parallel to each other.
10. A driving method of a liquid crystal display device, wherein the driving method is used for driving the liquid crystal display device with adjustable wide and narrow viewing angle regions according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the driving method comprises:
when the wide and narrow visual angle control area of the light modulation box (10) is displayed in a wide visual angle mode, the backlight module (40) emits first brightness light corresponding to the light modulation area (411) of the wide visual angle area;
when the wide and narrow visual angle control area of the dimming box (10) is displayed in a narrow visual angle mode, the backlight module (40) emits second brightness light corresponding to the dimming area (411) of the narrow visual angle area, and the brightness of the second brightness light is smaller than that of the first brightness light.
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