CN114624419B - Visual development simulation device and experimental method for hydrate - Google Patents
Visual development simulation device and experimental method for hydrate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114624419B CN114624419B CN202210254143.XA CN202210254143A CN114624419B CN 114624419 B CN114624419 B CN 114624419B CN 202210254143 A CN202210254143 A CN 202210254143A CN 114624419 B CN114624419 B CN 114624419B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- closed space
- way valve
- hydrate
- visual
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrate visual development simulation device and an experimental method, which belong to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas exploitation simulation, and comprise the following steps: the visual development simulation device host is provided with a closed space and a plurality of visual windows; the pressure control unit is communicated with the closed space; the liquid supply unit is communicated with the closed space; the sensor unit comprises a plurality of temperature and pressure sensors pre-buried at the bottom of the rock core; a temperature control unit; the vacuum unit is communicated with the closed space; the gas-liquid separation and collection unit is communicated with the closed space; the data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit comprises a plurality of high-speed cameras and computers, wherein the high-speed cameras and the computers are arranged corresponding to the visual window. The invention solves the problems that the existing natural gas hydrate development simulation device cannot realize visualization and indirect visualization, and the working pressure of the visualization device is low, and realizes the real-time observation, image and data acquisition and the associated processing of data and images by a computer of an experimenter in the natural gas hydrate development process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas exploitation simulation, and particularly relates to a hydrate visual development simulation device and an experimental method.
Background
The natural gas hydrate has extremely wide development prospect and huge development application space as a potential new energy, and in order to effectively reduce the technical cost of commercial exploitation of the natural gas hydrate and reduce the technical risk of actual development, the experimental study of natural gas hydrate development simulation needs to be developed. In order to research a more suitable exploitation method and evaluate the action mechanism and exploitation effect of the exploitation method, the characteristics of mastering the hydrate are more truly and effectively known, a large number of simulation experiments are needed to be carried out in indoor experiments, the storage condition of the hydrate is simulated, engineering parameters are optimized, and a natural gas exploitation simulation device is a necessary basic device.
The natural gas hydrate development simulation experiment principle is to simulate the synthesis and decomposition process of the rock core hydrate under different conditions such as natural and exploitation temperature and pressure. Most of the existing development simulation devices cannot observe actual conditions occurring when simulating a stratum in an experiment; or indirect visualization is realized by CT scanning and other modes; or the working pressure simulated by the development simulation device with the visual surface is lower, the visual surface is smaller, and the application is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a hydrate visualization development simulation device, comprising:
the visual development simulation device host is provided with a closed space which is used for simulating the synthesis and decomposition processes of the hydrate in the rock core under different conditions; the visual development simulation device host is provided with a plurality of visual windows;
the pressure control unit is communicated with the closed space and is used for providing methane gas into the closed space and providing a pressure environment required by hydrate generation for the closed space;
the liquid supply unit is communicated with the closed space and is used for inputting pure water into the closed space;
the sensor unit comprises a plurality of temperature and pressure sensors pre-buried at the bottom of the rock core so as to realize data acquisition of temperature and pressure fields when natural gas hydrate development simulation is carried out;
the temperature control unit is used for providing temperature conditions required by hydrate generation for the visual development simulation device host;
the vacuum unit is communicated with the closed space and used for keeping a certain vacuum degree in the closed space;
the gas-liquid separation and collection unit is communicated with the closed space and is used for carrying out water-gas separation and collection on the generated natural gas during development simulation of the natural gas hydrate, and monitoring the quality change of water and methane gas in real time;
the data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit comprises a computer and a plurality of high-speed cameras which are arranged corresponding to the visual window, and the high-speed cameras are used for recording each state of the core decomposition and have the function of adjusting the frequency of recording images according to the requirement; the computer is in signal connection with the sensor unit, the liquid supply unit, the pressure control unit, the gas-liquid separation and collection unit and the high-speed camera, so that the real-time collection and recording of the temperature and the pressure in the closed space and the water consumption and the gas production during the development simulation of the natural gas hydrate are realized, and the collected and recorded data and images are subjected to the associated processing.
Further, a top plate and a visual layer which are assembled in an up-down nested way are arranged at the top of the main machine of the visual development simulation device; the top plate is provided with a plurality of view holes, the visual layer is made of transparent materials, and a plurality of protruding parts which are in one-to-one correspondence with the view holes of the top plate are arranged on the visual layer; the bulge part is matched with the visual hole so as to realize the sealing of the main machine of the visual development simulation device and serve as a visual window of the main machine of the visual development simulation device.
Further, the pressure control unit comprises a methane cylinder connected with the closed space and a first level for measuring the quality change of the methane cylinder, a connecting air pipe is arranged between the methane cylinder and the closed space, a first one-way valve, a booster pump and a first pressure gauge are sequentially arranged on the connecting air pipe, and the first one-way valve is far away from one side of the methane cylinder.
Further, the liquid supply unit comprises a pure water feeder connected with the closed space and a second balance for measuring the quality change of the pure water feeder, a connecting water pipe is arranged between the pure water feeder and the closed space, a second one-way valve and a first constant flow pump are sequentially arranged on the connecting water pipe, and the second one-way valve is located at one side far away from the pure water feeder.
Further, the temperature control unit further comprises a temperature control water tank, the temperature control water tank is communicated with the closed space through a temperature control water pipe, a third one-way valve and a second constant flow pump are sequentially arranged on the temperature control water pipe, and the third one-way valve is located at one side far away from the temperature control water tank.
Further, the device also comprises an input pipe, wherein the connecting air pipe, the connecting water pipe and the temperature control water pipe are all communicated with one end of the input pipe; the other end of the input pipe is communicated with the closed space; the input pipe is provided with a seventh pressure gauge and a second flowmeter.
Further, the gas-liquid separation and collection unit comprises a gas-liquid separation assembly, a gas collection assembly and a water containing assembly, wherein the gas-liquid separation assembly is connected with the closed space through a separation pipeline; a fourth one-way valve and a second pressure gauge are arranged on the separation pipeline; the fourth one-way valve is positioned at one side close to the gas collecting assembly, and the gas-liquid separation assembly is used for separating water from gas of natural gas generated during development simulation of natural gas hydrate;
the gas collection assembly comprises a gas collection bottle and a third balance for measuring the mass change of the gas collection bottle; the gas collecting bottle is connected with the gas collecting pipeline between the gas-liquid separation assembly, and the gas collecting pipeline is provided with a first flowmeter;
the water containing component comprises a water container and a fourth electronic balance for measuring the mass change of the water container; the water container is connected with the gas-liquid separation assembly through a liquid collecting pipeline.
Further, the main machine of the visual development simulation device is provided with a plurality of external pipelines which are communicated with the closed space and are independently arranged, and the external pipelines are respectively communicated with the separation pipelines; each external connecting pipe is provided with a one-way valve and a pressure gauge.
Further, the vacuum unit comprises a vacuum pump, the vacuum pump is communicated with the separation pipeline through a vacuum pipeline, and the connecting end of the vacuum pipeline and the separation pipeline is positioned between the fourth one-way valve and the second pressure gauge; and a fifth one-way valve is arranged on the vacuum pipeline.
An experimental method for a hydrate visual development simulation device, adopting any one of the hydrate visual development simulation devices, the experimental method comprising the following steps:
s10, starting a data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit, presetting a high-speed camera image recording interval to be 1S, increasing or reducing the frequency of camera shooting by an experimenter according to the real-time condition of reaction in the device at a subsequent recording interval, preparing to inject materials from a central wellhead of a main machine of the visual development simulation device, wherein the materials are methane gas, pure water which is pure and insoluble gas and hot fluid NaCl solution used in development simulation, closing all valves after the completion of assembly and connection of all the devices are confirmed, starting a temperature control unit, setting the working temperature to be 2+/-0.5 ℃, and precooling the core environment in the main machine of the visual development simulation device;
s20, when the data of the temperature sensor arranged in the core is stabilized at a preset temperature, sequentially opening a one-way valve, a pressure gauge, a fifth one-way valve and a second pressure gauge which are respectively arranged on an external connection pipe, starting a vacuum pump at the same time, performing vacuum treatment on the environment in a closed space of a main machine of the visual development simulation device, wherein the pre-evacuation degree is-0.1 MPa, and when the numerical values of the pressure gauges are all stabilized to display preset pressure values, closing the vacuum pump and the fifth one-way valve, wherein the vacuum stage is reached in the closed space;
s30, starting a second electronic balance, a fourth electronic balance, a second one-way valve, a fourth one-way valve and a first constant flow pump, inputting pure water into a closed space of a main machine of the visual development simulation device, and closing the first constant flow pump and the second one-way valve when the mass of the input pure water is equal to the value of the recovered pure water in the water recovery container;
s40, opening a first one-way valve and a methane gas bottle, wherein the first electronic balance, the third electronic balance, the first flowmeter, the second flowmeter, the third electronic balance and the booster pump methane gas into a closed space in the working process, and when the second flowmeter is equal to the first flowmeter and the reduced value of the first electronic balance is equal to the increased value of the third electronic balance, closing a fourth one-way valve and a one-way valve arranged on an external pipeline;
s50, continuing to work an air inlet pipeline, stopping working when the numerical value of the pressure sensor in the core reaches 5MPa, and closing the first one-way valve, the booster pump and the methane cylinder;
s60, closing all equipment except a data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit and a temperature control unit, waiting for continuous reaction of methane and water in a reaction cavity, observing data and images displayed by an image processing computer, determining normal progress of the reaction according to a synthesis development phase diagram of natural gas hydrate, acquiring real-time data by each pressure meter and each temperature sensor in a rock core when pressure and temperature data are not changed any more, ensuring that a plurality of high-definition cameras record images in the whole reaction process, simultaneously observing the conditions in the device in real time through a visual window, increasing or reducing the frequency of camera shooting according to the real-time conditions of the reaction in the device, and storing and analyzing the data and the image processing computer; when all the data are not changed, performing the next operation;
s70, after the generation stage of the natural gas hydrate is finished, carrying out exploitation simulation experiments, opening a temperature-controlled water tank, and heating the temperature-controlled water tank for storing saturated NaCl solution to 60 ℃; after the temperature of the temperature control water tank is raised, a third one-way valve, a second constant flow pump, a one-way valve, a gas-liquid separation assembly, a third electronic balance, a gas accommodating bottle, a water accommodating container and a fourth electronic balance which are arranged on an external connecting pipe are opened, 60 ℃ saturated NaCl solution is injected into the closed space, the mixture is stood for decomposition of natural gas hydrate, when the reading of the third electronic balance is not changed any more, the natural gas hydrate decomposition stage is proved to be finished, at the moment, all the pipes and devices except the data and image processing computer are sequentially closed, after the data and image recording and storage are finished, all the valves are restored to an initial mode, and the data processing and image comparison work is carried out
The beneficial effects are that:
the invention provides a hydrate visual development simulation device and an experimental method, which adopt a mode of nesting and matching organic glass and stainless steel to manufacture a host in the development simulation device, provide a method for video camera image recording and real-time human eye observation for the synthesis and decomposition process of natural gas hydrate, solve the problems of low visual degree and low simulation working pressure of the existing natural gas hydrate development simulation device, and realize real-time observation of experimenters, data acquisition and associated processing of data and images in the synthesis and decomposition process of natural gas hydrate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the whole structure of a visual development simulation device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a host of the visual development simulation device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a visual layer of a host of the visual development simulation device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a stainless steel top plate of a host computer of a visual development simulation device according to the present invention;
1, a data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit; 2. visually developing a simulation device host; 3. a temperature control frame; 4. a third pressure gauge; 5. a fourth pressure gauge; 6. a fifth pressure gauge; 7. a sixth pressure gauge; 8. a sixth one-way valve; 9. a seventh one-way valve; 10. an eighth check valve; 11. a ninth check valve; 12. a second pressure gauge; 13. a fifth check valve; 14. a vacuum pump; 15. a fourth one-way valve; 16. a gas-liquid separation device; 17. a first flowmeter; 18. a gas accommodating bottle; 19. a third electronic balance; 20. a water container; 21. a fourth electronic balance; 22. a second flowmeter; 23. a seventh pressure gauge; 24. a first one-way valve; 25. a booster pump; 26. a first pressure gauge; 27. a methane cylinder; 28. a first electronic balance; 29. a third one-way valve; 30. a second constant flow pump; 31. a temperature controlled water tank; 32. a second one-way valve; 33. a first constant flow pump; 34. a pure water supply device; 35. and a second electronic balance.
Detailed Description
The hydrate visual development simulation device provided by the embodiment has the following setting and connecting processes:
the visual development simulation device host machine 2 is provided with a closed space, and the closed space is used for simulating the synthesis and decomposition processes of the hydrate in the rock core under different conditions; the visual development simulation device host 2 is provided with a plurality of visual windows;
the pressure control unit is communicated with the closed space and is used for providing methane gas into the closed space and providing a pressure environment required by hydrate generation for the closed space;
the liquid supply unit is communicated with the closed space and is used for inputting pure water into the closed space;
the sensor unit comprises a plurality of temperature and pressure sensors pre-buried at the bottom of the rock core, so as to realize data acquisition of temperature and pressure when natural gas hydrate development simulation is carried out;
a temperature control unit for providing the temperature conditions required for hydrate formation for the visualization development simulation apparatus host 2;
the vacuum unit is communicated with the closed space and used for keeping a certain vacuum degree in the closed space;
the gas-liquid separation and collection unit is communicated with the closed space and is used for carrying out water-gas separation and collection on the generated natural gas during development simulation of the natural gas hydrate, and monitoring the quality change of water and methane gas in real time;
the data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit 1, wherein the data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit 1 comprises a computer and a plurality of high-speed cameras which are arranged corresponding to the visual window, and the high-speed cameras are used for recording each state of core decomposition and have the function of adjusting the frequency of recording images according to the requirement; the computer is in signal connection with the sensor unit, the liquid supply unit, the pressure control unit, the gas-liquid separation and collection unit and the high-speed camera, so that the real-time acquisition and recording of the temperature and the pressure in the closed space and the water consumption and the gas consumption and the water production and the gas production during the development simulation of the natural gas hydrate are realized, and the acquired and recorded data and images are subjected to the associated processing.
In the embodiment, a top plate and a visual layer which are assembled in a vertically nested manner are arranged at the top of the main machine 2 of the visual development simulation device; the top plate is provided with a plurality of vision holes, the visual layer is transparent, and a plurality of protruding parts which are in one-to-one correspondence with the vision holes of the top plate are arranged on the visual layer; the protruding part is matched with the visual hole to realize the sealing of the main machine 2 of the visual development simulation device and serve as a visual window of the main machine 2 of the visual development simulation device.
Wherein, the highest working pressure of the main machine 2 of the visual development simulation device is 10MPa, the working temperature is-10-85 ℃, and the visual development simulation device consists of a self-made novel visual high-pressure reaction device.
The main machine 2 of the visual development simulation device mainly comprises a core, a plate and other accessories, and specifically comprises: the artificial rock core comprises a cuboid artificial rock core, a rubber sleeve, a high-strength stainless steel top plate with eight view hole openings, a visible layer of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) plate, a stainless steel side plate with four non-opened sides, a bottom plate with injection and extraction interfaces, bolts, bolt holes, fluororubber sealing rings, rubber gaskets and the like.
The main body of the main machine 2 of the visual development simulation device adopts a cuboid structure composed of six plates, and each plate is a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 20 mm.
In this example, the artificial core gauge is 300mm x 45mm inside; four temperature and pressure sensors are pre-buried at the bottom of the rock core, and the distance between every two sensors is more than 90mm in front-back left-right direction.
The specification of the top plate of the stainless steel is 300mm multiplied by 40mm, and in order to facilitate the real-time observation and record the hydrate generation and decomposition process, 8 visual holes with the diameter of 26mm are formed on the top plate as visual windows.
The top plate is provided with 8 circular visual windows which are uniformly distributed on the midpoint of the connecting line and the midpoint of the connecting line of the diagonal lines of the points of the position of the lower wall corresponding to the acquisition points of the square wall above.
Considering the strength of the development simulation device for opening the visual window, as an optimization scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the visual layer is made of high-strength polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) plate organic glass, the specification is cuboid with the specification of 300mm multiplied by 20mm, and cylindrical bulges with the diameter of 26mm and the height of 20mm are arranged at the position matched with the opening window, and the specific shape is shown in figure 3.
The top plate is made of stainless steel walls, the specification is 300mm multiplied by 20mm, 8 windows with the diameter of 26mm are uniformly distributed on connecting lines corresponding to injection and extraction wellheads during simulation development, and the specific distribution positions are shown in figure 4.
The visible organic glass layer and the high-strength stainless steel layer are assembled in a nested mode and fixed by polyurethane glue, and the thickness of the assembled organic glass layer is 300mm multiplied by 40mm.
The left and right side plates of the visual development simulation device host are 360×340×20mm stainless steel plates, the front and rear side plates are 360×300×20mm stainless steel plates, and the bottom plate is 300×300×20mm stainless steel, as shown in fig. 2.
The main machine of the visual development simulation device is provided with 24 bolts and corresponding bolt openings, the specification of the bolts is M6 multiplied by 30, and the installation positions of the bolts are shown in figure 2.
Four 10mm openings are uniformly distributed on four connecting lines of four corners and the center of the bottom plate, a wellhead for collecting during simulation is arranged, a 10mm opening is designed in the center of the bottom plate, and a wellhead for injecting during simulation is arranged.
The line is connected with the pressure and temperature sensor and the computer through the acquisition wellhead in the bottom plate, and the real-time pressure and temperature conditions of the model in the experiment can be known through the processing of the data acquisition system.
In this embodiment, the gum cover tightly overlaps four sides at the artificial rock core, six splint centre gripping are in six faces of artificial rock core, and the junction of six boards is sealed through rubber gasket to cooperate the bolt structure to fasten, the bottom plate is provided with fluororubber sealing washer with the cooperation department of simulation well head and seals.
In this embodiment, the pressure control unit includes the methane gas cylinder 27 that is connected with airtight space and measures the first level of methane gas cylinder 27 quality variation, is provided with the connecting trachea between methane gas cylinder 27 and the airtight space, has set gradually first check valve 24, booster pump 25 and first manometer 26 on the connecting trachea, and first check valve 24 is located the one side of keeping away from methane gas cylinder 27.
In this embodiment, the liquid supply unit includes a pure water supply device 34 connected to the closed space and a second balance for measuring the mass change of the pure water supply device 34, a connecting water pipe is provided between the pure water supply device 34 and the closed space, a second check valve 32 and a first constant flow pump 33 are sequentially provided on the connecting water pipe, and the second check valve 32 is located at a side far from the pure water supply device 34.
In this embodiment, the temperature control unit further includes a temperature control water tank 31, the temperature control water tank 31 is communicated with the closed space through a temperature control water pipe, a third check valve 29 and a second constant flow pump 30 are sequentially disposed on the temperature control water pipe, and the third check valve 29 is located at one side far away from the temperature control water tank 31.
In the embodiment, the device further comprises an input pipe, wherein the connecting air pipe, the connecting water pipe and the temperature control water pipe are all communicated with one end of the input pipe; the other end of the input pipe is communicated with the closed space; a seventh pressure gauge and a second flow gauge 22 are provided on the input pipe.
In this embodiment, the gas-liquid separation and collection unit includes a gas-liquid separation assembly, a gas collection assembly, and a water containing assembly, where the gas-liquid separation assembly is connected with the closed space through a separation pipeline; a fourth one-way valve 15 and a second pressure gauge 12 are arranged on the separation pipeline; the fourth one-way valve 15 is located at a side close to the gas collecting assembly, and the gas-liquid separation assembly is used for separating water from gas of natural gas generated during development simulation of natural gas hydrate.
In this embodiment, the gas-liquid separation component is a gas-liquid separation device 16, which belongs to the prior art and is not described herein.
The gas collection assembly comprises a gas collection bottle and a third balance for measuring the mass change of the gas collection bottle; the gas collection bottle is connected with a gas collection pipeline between the gas-liquid separation assembly, and the gas collection pipeline is provided with a first flowmeter 17.
The water containing assembly comprises a water container 20 and a fourth electronic balance 21 for measuring the mass change of the water container 20; the water container 20 is connected with the gas-liquid separation component through a liquid collecting pipeline.
In the embodiment, a plurality of external pipelines which are communicated with the closed space and are independently arranged are arranged on the main machine of the visual development simulation device, and the plurality of external pipelines are respectively communicated with the separation pipeline; each external connecting pipe is provided with a one-way valve and a pressure gauge.
In this embodiment, the device includes 4 external pipelines, which are respectively set as a first external pipeline, a second external pipeline, a third external pipeline and a fourth external pipeline; wherein, the first external pipeline is provided with a third pressure gauge 4 and a sixth one-way valve 8; the second external connecting pipe is provided with a fourth pressure gauge 5 and a seventh one-way valve 9; the third external pipeline is provided with a fifth pressure gauge 6 and an eighth one-way valve 10; the fourth external connection is provided with a sixth pressure gauge 7 and a ninth non return valve 11.
In this embodiment, the vacuum unit includes a vacuum pump 14, the vacuum pump 14 is communicated with the separation pipeline through a vacuum pipeline, and a connection end of the vacuum pipeline and the separation pipeline is located between the fourth check valve 15 and the second pressure gauge 12; the vacuum pipe is provided with a fifth one-way valve 13.
In the present embodiment, the temperature control unit is a temperature control frame 3, wherein 8 high-speed cameras are fixedly mounted on the temperature control frame 3.
The experimental method for the hydrate visual development simulation device adopts the hydrate visual development simulation device provided above, and comprises the following steps:
s10, starting a data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit, presetting a high-speed camera image recording interval to be 1S, increasing or reducing the frequency of camera shooting by an experimenter according to the real-time condition of reaction in the device at the subsequent recording interval, preparing to inject materials from a central wellhead of a main machine 2 of the visual development simulation device, wherein the materials are methane gas, pure water which is pure and insoluble gas and hot fluid NaCl solution used in development simulation, closing all valves after the completion of assembly and connection of all devices are confirmed, starting a temperature control unit, setting the working temperature to be 2+/-0.5 ℃, and precooling the core environment in the main machine 2 of the visual development simulation device.
S20, when the data of the temperature sensor arranged in the core is stabilized at a preset temperature, sequentially opening a third pressure gauge 4, a sixth one-way valve 8, a fourth pressure gauge 5, a seventh one-way valve 9, a fifth pressure gauge 6, an eighth one-way valve 10, a sixth pressure gauge 7, a ninth one-way valve 11, a fifth one-way valve 13 and a second pressure gauge 12, simultaneously starting a vacuum pump 14, performing vacuum treatment on the environment in the closed space of the main machine 2 of the visual development simulation device, wherein the pre-evacuation degree is-0.1 MPa, and when the values of the pressure gauges are all stabilized to display preset pressure values, closing the vacuum pump 14 and the fifth one-way valve 13, and at the moment, the vacuum stage is reached in the closed space.
S30, starting the second electronic balance 35, the fourth electronic balance 21, the second one-way valve 32, the fourth one-way valve 15 and the first constant flow pump 33, inputting pure water into the closed space of the main machine 2 of the visual development simulation device, and when the mass of the input pure water is equal to the value of the recovered pure water in the water recovery container, proving that pure water is filled into the pores of the core in the closed space, closing the first constant flow pump 33 and the second one-way valve 32, and at the moment, the water in the core gap in the closed space reaches a saturation stage, and performing the next operation.
And S40, opening the first check valve 24 and the methane gas bottle 27, wherein the first electronic balance 28, the third electronic balance 19, the first flowmeter 17, the second flowmeter 22, the third electronic balance 19 and the booster pump 25, and when the second flowmeter 22 is equal to the first flowmeter 17 and the value of the first electronic balance 28 reduced is equal to the value of the third electronic balance 19 increased, the reaction cavity is proved to be full of methane gas, and at the moment, the fourth check valve 15, the sixth check valve 8, the seventh check valve 9, the eighth check valve 10 and the ninth check valve 11 are closed.
And S50, continuing to work an air inlet pipeline, stopping working when the numerical value of the pressure sensor in the core reaches 5MPa, closing the first one-way valve 24, the booster pump 25 and the methane gas cylinder 27, and performing the next operation when the reaction cavity reaches the gas-driven water saturation stage.
S60, closing all equipment except a data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit and a temperature control unit, waiting for continuous reaction of methane and water in a reaction cavity, observing data and images displayed by an image processing computer, determining normal progress of the reaction according to a synthesis development phase diagram of natural gas hydrate, acquiring real-time data by each pressure meter and each temperature sensor in a rock core when pressure and temperature data are not changed any more, ensuring that a plurality of high-definition cameras record images in the whole reaction process, simultaneously observing the conditions in the device in real time through a visual window, increasing or reducing the frequency of camera shooting according to the real-time conditions of the reaction in the device, and storing and analyzing the data and the image processing computer; when all the data are not changed, the next operation is performed.
And S70, after the natural gas hydrate generation stage is finished, carrying out exploitation simulation experiments, opening the temperature-controlled water tank 31 without changing all the devices, and heating the temperature-controlled water tank 31 for storing saturated NaCl solution to 60 ℃. After the temperature of the temperature control water tank 31 is raised, the third one-way valve 29, the second constant flow pump 30, the one-way valve arranged on the external connecting pipe, the gas-liquid separation assembly, the third electronic balance 19, the gas containing bottle 18, the water container 20 and the fourth electronic balance 21 are opened, 60 ℃ saturated NaCl solution is injected into the closed space, the mixture stands for the decomposition of the natural gas hydrate, when the reading of the third electronic balance 19 is not changed any more, the natural gas hydrate decomposition stage is proved to be finished, at the moment, all the pipes and devices except the data and image processing computer are sequentially closed, all the valves are restored to an initial mode after the data and image recording and storage are finished, and the data processing, the image comparison and the data and image association processing work are carried out.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, so any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical principles of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A hydrate visualization development simulation device, comprising:
the visual development simulation device host is provided with a closed space which is used for simulating the synthesis and decomposition processes of the hydrate in the rock core under different conditions; the visual development simulation device host is provided with a plurality of visual windows;
the pressure control unit is communicated with the closed space and is used for providing methane gas into the closed space and providing a pressure environment required by hydrate generation for the closed space;
the liquid supply unit is communicated with the closed space and is used for inputting pure water into the closed space;
the sensor unit comprises a plurality of temperature and pressure sensors pre-buried at the bottom of the rock core so as to realize data acquisition of temperature and pressure fields when natural gas hydrate development simulation is carried out;
the temperature control unit is used for providing temperature conditions required by hydrate generation for the visual development simulation device host;
the vacuum unit is communicated with the closed space and used for keeping a certain vacuum degree in the closed space;
the gas-liquid separation and collection unit is communicated with the closed space and is used for carrying out water-gas separation and collection on the generated natural gas during development simulation of the natural gas hydrate, and monitoring the quality change of water and methane gas in real time;
the data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit comprises a computer and a plurality of high-speed cameras which are arranged corresponding to the visual window, and the high-speed cameras are used for recording each state of the core decomposition and have the function of adjusting the frequency of recording images according to the requirement; the computer is in signal connection with the sensor unit, the liquid supply unit, the pressure control unit, the gas-liquid separation and collection unit and the high-speed camera so as to realize real-time acquisition and recording of water consumption and gas consumption and water production and gas production when the temperature and the pressure in the closed space and the development simulation of the natural gas hydrate are realized and associated processing of the acquired and recorded data and images;
the top of the visual development simulation device host is provided with a top plate and a visual layer which are assembled in an up-down nested way; the top plate is provided with a plurality of view holes, the visual layer is made of transparent materials, and a plurality of protruding parts which are in one-to-one correspondence with the view holes of the top plate are arranged on the visual layer; the bulge part is matched with the visual hole to realize the sealing of the main machine of the visual development simulation device and serve as a visual window of the main machine of the visual development simulation device;
the material of roof is stainless steel roof, and visual layer is polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) panel, and the material of curb plate is stainless steel.
2. The hydrate visualization development simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the pressure control unit comprises a methane cylinder connected with the closed space and a first electronic balance for measuring mass change of the methane cylinder, a connecting air pipe is arranged between the methane cylinder and the closed space, a first one-way valve, a booster pump and a first pressure gauge are sequentially arranged on the connecting air pipe, and the first one-way valve is located on one side far away from the methane cylinder.
3. The hydrate visualization development simulation device according to claim 2, wherein the liquid supply unit comprises a pure water feeder connected with the closed space and a second electronic balance for measuring mass change of the pure water feeder, a connecting water pipe is arranged between the pure water feeder and the closed space, a second one-way valve and a first constant flow pump are sequentially arranged on the connecting water pipe, and the second one-way valve is located at one side far away from the pure water feeder.
4. The hydrate visualization development simulation device according to claim 3, wherein the temperature control unit further comprises a temperature control water tank, the temperature control water tank is communicated with the closed space through a temperature control water pipe, a third one-way valve and a second constant flow pump are sequentially arranged on the temperature control water pipe, and the third one-way valve is located at one side far away from the temperature control water tank.
5. The hydrate visualization development simulation device according to claim 4, further comprising an input pipe, wherein the connecting air pipe, the connecting water pipe and the temperature control water pipe are all communicated with one end of the input pipe; the other end of the input pipe is communicated with the closed space; the input pipe is provided with a seventh pressure gauge and a second flowmeter.
6. The hydrate visualization development simulation device according to claim 5, wherein the gas-liquid separation and collection unit comprises a gas-liquid separation assembly, a gas collection assembly and a water containing assembly, and the gas-liquid separation assembly is connected with the closed space through a separation pipeline; a fourth one-way valve and a second pressure gauge are arranged on the separation pipeline; the fourth one-way valve is positioned at one side close to the gas collecting assembly, and the gas-liquid separation assembly is used for separating water from gas of natural gas generated during development simulation of natural gas hydrate;
the gas collection assembly comprises a gas accommodating bottle and a third electronic balance for measuring the mass change of the gas accommodating bottle; the gas accommodating bottle is connected with the gas-liquid separation assembly through a gas collecting pipeline, and the gas collecting pipeline is provided with a first flowmeter;
the water containing component comprises a water container and a fourth electronic balance for measuring the mass change of the water container; the water container is connected with the gas-liquid separation assembly through a liquid collecting pipeline.
7. The hydrate visual development simulation device according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of external pipelines which are communicated with the closed space and are independently arranged are arranged on the main machine of the visual development simulation device, and the plurality of external pipelines are respectively communicated with the separation pipeline; each external connecting pipe is provided with a one-way valve and a pressure gauge.
8. The hydrate visualization development simulation device of claim 7, wherein the vacuum unit comprises a vacuum pump, the vacuum pump is communicated with the separation pipeline through a vacuum pipeline, and a connection end of the vacuum pipeline and the separation pipeline is positioned between the fourth one-way valve and the second pressure gauge; and a fifth one-way valve is arranged on the vacuum pipeline.
9. An experimental method of a hydrate visual development simulation apparatus, characterized in that the hydrate visual development simulation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is adopted, the experimental method comprising the steps of:
s10, starting a data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit, presetting a high-speed camera image recording interval to be 1S, increasing or reducing the frequency of camera shooting by an experimenter according to the real-time condition of reaction in the device at a subsequent recording interval, preparing to inject materials from a central wellhead of a main machine of the visual development simulation device, wherein the materials are methane gas, pure water which is pure and insoluble gas and hot fluid NaCl solution used in development simulation, closing all valves after the completion of assembly and connection of all the devices are confirmed, starting a temperature control unit, setting the working temperature to be 2+/-0.5 ℃, and precooling the core environment in the main machine of the visual development simulation device;
s20, when the data of the temperature sensor arranged in the core is stabilized at a preset temperature, sequentially opening a one-way valve, a pressure gauge, a fifth one-way valve and a second pressure gauge which are respectively arranged on an external connection pipe, starting a vacuum pump at the same time, performing vacuum treatment on the environment in a closed space of a main machine of the visual development simulation device, wherein the pre-evacuation degree is-0.1 MPa, and when the numerical values of the pressure gauges are all stabilized to display preset pressure values, closing the vacuum pump and the fifth one-way valve, wherein the vacuum stage is reached in the closed space;
s30, starting a second electronic balance, a fourth electronic balance, a second one-way valve, a fourth one-way valve and a first constant flow pump, inputting pure water into a closed space of a main machine of the visual development simulation device, and closing the first constant flow pump and the second one-way valve when the mass of the input pure water is equal to the value of the recovered pure water in the water container;
s40, opening a first one-way valve and a methane gas bottle, wherein the first electronic balance, the third electronic balance, the first flowmeter, the second flowmeter and the booster pump methane gas into a closed space in the working process, and closing a fourth one-way valve and a one-way valve arranged on an external pipeline when the second flowmeter is equal to the first flowmeter and the reduced value of the first electronic balance is the same as the increased value of the third electronic balance;
s50, continuing to work an air inlet pipeline, stopping working when the numerical value of the pressure sensor in the core reaches 5MPa, and closing the first one-way valve, the booster pump and the methane cylinder;
s60, closing all equipment except a data and image acquisition, storage and processing unit and a temperature control unit, waiting for continuous reaction of methane and water in a reaction cavity, observing data and images displayed by an image processing computer, determining normal progress of the reaction according to a synthesis development phase diagram of natural gas hydrate, acquiring real-time data by each pressure meter and each temperature sensor in a rock core when pressure and temperature data are not changed any more, ensuring that a plurality of high-definition cameras record images in the whole reaction process, simultaneously observing the conditions in the device in real time through a visual window, increasing or reducing the frequency of camera shooting according to the real-time conditions of the reaction in the device, and storing and analyzing the data and the image processing computer; when all the data are not changed, performing the next operation;
s70, after the generation stage of the natural gas hydrate is finished, carrying out exploitation simulation experiments, opening a temperature-controlled water tank, and heating the temperature-controlled water tank for storing saturated NaCl solution to 60 ℃;
after the temperature of the temperature control water tank is raised, a third one-way valve, a second constant flow pump, a one-way valve, a gas-liquid separation assembly, a third electronic balance, a gas accommodating bottle, a water accommodating container and a fourth electronic balance which are arranged on an external connecting pipe are opened, 60 ℃ saturated NaCl solution is injected into the closed space, the mixture is stood for decomposition of natural gas hydrate, when the reading of the third electronic balance is not changed any more, the natural gas hydrate decomposition stage is proved to be finished, at the moment, all the pipes and devices except the data and image processing computer are sequentially closed, all the valves are restored to an initial mode after the data and image recording and storage are finished, and the data processing, the image comparison and the data and image association processing work are carried out.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210254143.XA CN114624419B (en) | 2022-03-15 | 2022-03-15 | Visual development simulation device and experimental method for hydrate |
| PCT/CN2023/070257 WO2023173909A1 (en) | 2022-03-15 | 2023-01-04 | Hydrate visualization development simulation device and experimental method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210254143.XA CN114624419B (en) | 2022-03-15 | 2022-03-15 | Visual development simulation device and experimental method for hydrate |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114624419A CN114624419A (en) | 2022-06-14 |
| CN114624419B true CN114624419B (en) | 2023-10-10 |
Family
ID=81902206
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210254143.XA Active CN114624419B (en) | 2022-03-15 | 2022-03-15 | Visual development simulation device and experimental method for hydrate |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114624419B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023173909A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114624419B (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2023-10-10 | 广东石油化工学院 | Visual development simulation device and experimental method for hydrate |
| CN116046778B (en) * | 2023-03-06 | 2023-05-30 | 西南石油大学 | On-line visual test equipment and method for hydrate generation and inhibition effect |
Citations (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101046146A (en) * | 2007-04-06 | 2007-10-03 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Simulating experiment equipment for 2D exploitation of natural gas hydrate |
| CN101430982A (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2009-05-13 | 胡杰波 | Combined knob |
| CN102052065A (en) * | 2010-07-01 | 2011-05-11 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Simulation exploiting experiment device for natural gas hydrate |
| CN102865066A (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2013-01-09 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Experiment device and method for deepwater shaft multiphase flow containing natural gas hydrate phase changes |
| CN103161457A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2013-06-19 | 西南石油大学 | Experimental device of two-dimensional (2D) visualization slab model |
| CN103662315A (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2014-03-26 | 广州市拓璞电器发展有限公司 | Container perspective device and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104062214A (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2014-09-24 | 西南石油大学 | Well-bore sulfur deposit visual experiment device and well-bore sulfur deposit visual experiment method |
| CN204330640U (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-05-13 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of for the visual coal sample tank under high pressure low temperature environment |
| CN107656033A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-02-02 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of gas hydrates fluidisation is decomposed and separating experiment device and experimental method |
| CN208336913U (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2019-01-04 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Isolating switch mechanism box |
| KR101965658B1 (en) * | 2018-09-16 | 2019-04-03 | 주식회사 스탠더드시험연구소 | Flow Visualization Apparatus for Thermal Hydraulic Test in Nuclear Plant |
| CN109681198A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-04-26 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of multimode exploitation simulator and method for different type gas hydrates reservoir |
| CN110066696A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-07-30 | 国家地质实验测试中心 | Gas hydrates insitu analog and pressing mold molding integral system and method |
| CN112031714A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-12-04 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Three-dimensional comprehensive test mining system of large-scale full-size mining well |
| CN113982433A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-01-28 | 中建三局安装工程有限公司 | Lighting window under pressure-bearing closed space and installation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101550816B (en) * | 2009-05-20 | 2011-12-07 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Three-dimensional exploitation simulated experiment apparatus for natural gas hydrate |
| CN105277660B (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2016-09-07 | 中国石油大学(华东) | The device and method in decomposition of hydrate region under the different drilling method of monitoring |
| CN109538170A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-03-29 | 吉林大学 | The pressure test device and method of fluid jet in-situ retorting gas hydrates |
| CN111650354B (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2023-11-03 | 中国华能集团有限公司 | Hydrate evaluation experiment system and method |
| CN111827988B (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2022-07-08 | 大连理工大学 | Visual large-scale expansion well heat-flow-solid coupling natural gas hydrate exploitation experiment simulation device and method |
| CN112834697A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-25 | 西南石油大学 | Mixed gas supply type visual natural gas hydrate experiment system |
| CN114624419B (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2023-10-10 | 广东石油化工学院 | Visual development simulation device and experimental method for hydrate |
-
2022
- 2022-03-15 CN CN202210254143.XA patent/CN114624419B/en active Active
-
2023
- 2023-01-04 WO PCT/CN2023/070257 patent/WO2023173909A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101046146A (en) * | 2007-04-06 | 2007-10-03 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Simulating experiment equipment for 2D exploitation of natural gas hydrate |
| CN101430982A (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2009-05-13 | 胡杰波 | Combined knob |
| CN102052065A (en) * | 2010-07-01 | 2011-05-11 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Simulation exploiting experiment device for natural gas hydrate |
| CN103662315A (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2014-03-26 | 广州市拓璞电器发展有限公司 | Container perspective device and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102865066A (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2013-01-09 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Experiment device and method for deepwater shaft multiphase flow containing natural gas hydrate phase changes |
| CN103161457A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2013-06-19 | 西南石油大学 | Experimental device of two-dimensional (2D) visualization slab model |
| CN104062214A (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2014-09-24 | 西南石油大学 | Well-bore sulfur deposit visual experiment device and well-bore sulfur deposit visual experiment method |
| CN204330640U (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-05-13 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of for the visual coal sample tank under high pressure low temperature environment |
| CN107656033A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-02-02 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of gas hydrates fluidisation is decomposed and separating experiment device and experimental method |
| CN208336913U (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2019-01-04 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Isolating switch mechanism box |
| KR101965658B1 (en) * | 2018-09-16 | 2019-04-03 | 주식회사 스탠더드시험연구소 | Flow Visualization Apparatus for Thermal Hydraulic Test in Nuclear Plant |
| CN109681198A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-04-26 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of multimode exploitation simulator and method for different type gas hydrates reservoir |
| CN110066696A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-07-30 | 国家地质实验测试中心 | Gas hydrates insitu analog and pressing mold molding integral system and method |
| CN112031714A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-12-04 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Three-dimensional comprehensive test mining system of large-scale full-size mining well |
| CN113982433A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-01-28 | 中建三局安装工程有限公司 | Lighting window under pressure-bearing closed space and installation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114624419A (en) | 2022-06-14 |
| WO2023173909A1 (en) | 2023-09-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN114624419B (en) | Visual development simulation device and experimental method for hydrate | |
| CN108982228B (en) | True triaxial test device for combustible ice sediments | |
| CN112031714B (en) | Three-dimensional comprehensive test mining system of large-scale full-size mining well | |
| WO2017080353A1 (en) | Device for testing characteristics of sand production during mining of natural gas hydrate | |
| CN102928578A (en) | High-temperature and high-pressure volume expansion and shrinkage tester of oil well cement | |
| CN109555519B (en) | Test system and method for simulating hole wall damage condition during natural gas hydrate exploitation | |
| CN105507894B (en) | Coal bed gas vertical well hydraulic fracturing process coal dust output test device and method | |
| CN204855389U (en) | Hydrate generates and decomposes dynamics experimental apparatus based on visualization technology zooms | |
| CN103114850B (en) | A kind of three-dimensional visual physical simulation experimental device | |
| CN104360021A (en) | Testing device for simulating exploitation of natural gas hydrate from deep-sea energy soil | |
| CN110778291B (en) | Experimental device for simulating natural gas hydrate formation well cementation | |
| CN103792170A (en) | Simulation experiment device system for porous medium microscopic seepage | |
| CN115015251B (en) | Visual three-dimensional crack grouting experiment system and method under multiple acting forces | |
| CN107165203A (en) | The method of testing of single-pile vertical orientation static test under the conditions of a kind of stable artesian water | |
| CN203869959U (en) | Analysis meter for rock mechanics characteristics of unconventional oil and gas reservoir | |
| WO2020259637A1 (en) | Deep-earth engineering in-situ stress field and seepage field supergravity simulation system | |
| CN107703275A (en) | A kind of methane hydrate balances each other the High-Voltage Experimentation device and method of research | |
| CN111175466A (en) | Device and method capable of generating natural gas hydrate under confining pressure and maintaining pressure, transferring and decomposing | |
| CN112196501B (en) | Device and method for reinforcing natural gas hydrate reservoir by simulating microorganisms | |
| CN109372476A (en) | A kind of production method of multi-functional fracture hole oil reservoir injecting physical model | |
| CN106640019B (en) | Fracturing work simulates real-time monitoring system and its analog detection method | |
| CN207689470U (en) | A kind of methane hydrate balances each other the High-Voltage Experimentation device of research | |
| CN107703031A (en) | A kind of air pressure driving loose media grouting simulation test device and test method | |
| CN202177628U (en) | High-temperature high-pressure volume expansion contraction detecting instrument for oil well cement | |
| CN105781616B (en) | Drilling dynamic buckling monitors system and method during simulating drilling in coal |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Yu Qiannan Inventor after: Wang Gang Inventor after: Wu Zhuolin Inventor after: Wang Xingang Inventor after: Zhang Huawei Inventor after: Wang Baoyan Inventor after: Zhang Kun Inventor after: Yu Yang Inventor after: Li Ning Inventor after: Wu Bingcheng Inventor before: Yu Qiannan Inventor before: Wu Zhuolin Inventor before: Wang Xingang Inventor before: Zhang Huawei Inventor before: Wang Baoyan Inventor before: Zhang Kun Inventor before: Yu Yang Inventor before: Li Ning Inventor before: Wu Bingcheng |
|
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |