CN114586613A - Method for inducing early and fast adventitious roots of bare-rooted strawberry seedlings in southwest region - Google Patents
Method for inducing early and fast adventitious roots of bare-rooted strawberry seedlings in southwest region Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for inducing strawberry bare-rooted seedlings to grow early and rapidly develop adventitious roots in southwest, which comprises strawberry seedling stage management, pre-soil preparation management and transplanting seedling management; the strawberry seedling management comprises 3-5 months per year, wherein when the strawberry seedling field is prepared, farmyard manure and decomposed crop straws are applied to the field for land spreading for 2.0-3.0 t per mu, biological bacterial manure is 40-80 kg, N is 7-11 kg, and P is P2O56～8kg、K2Mixing and uniformly bedding the O4-7 kg of mixed soil, and transplanting the parent plant after a 50% shade shed and a sprinkling irrigation facility are built, wherein the soil humidity is kept at 60% -80% of the water capacity in the field. The invention provides a stem leafThe method for inducing the bare-rooted seedlings of the strawberries to grow fast into adventitious roots by comprehensive measures of management, fertilizer and water management, application of a regulator and the like starts from the seedling stage, the transplanting stage and the seedling returning stage of the strawberries, and induces the bare-rooted seedlings to grow early and grow fast, so that the aims of promoting the robust growth of plants, improving the transplanting survival rate, reducing the production cost, improving the yield and the quality, increasing the economic income and the like are fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a method for inducing early-growth and fast-rooting adventitious roots of bare-rooted seedlings of strawberries in southwest.
Background
At present, the creeping stem propagation in open field is still the main point in the production of strawberry seedlings. In 3-8 months each year, the strawberry stolons germinate from the periphery of the mother plant, each effective stolons can breed 3-4 sub-seedlings, each mother plant can germinate 20-30 stolons, and 3 thousands of bare-rooted seedlings can be bred per mu of a year. The method has the advantages of high propagation coefficient, simple propagation mode, low cost, convenient management and the like. However, the seedling raising mode also has the problems of concentrated stolon germination, disordered growth, interweaving and mixing of seedlings, mutual competition of space and nutrients, frequent pest and disease damage and the like, so that most seedlings cannot meet the standard of high-quality seedlings. The transplanting survival rate of weak seedlings is only 60-85%, the workload and the production cost of field seedling supplement are greatly increased, and the management level and the yield and the quality of the raspberries produced in the field are also seriously influenced. Therefore, a method for inducing the bare-rooted strawberry seedlings to grow and rapidly grow adventitious roots in the southwest region is researched and developed so as to provide technical support for high-quality and high-efficiency cultivation of strawberries.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the problems and provides a method for inducing the early and fast growth of the bare-rooted strawberry seedlings to generate adventitious roots in the southwest region.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
The method for inducing the strawberry bare-rooted seedlings to grow early and rapidly to generate adventitious roots in the southwest region comprises strawberry seedling stage management, wherein the strawberry seedling stage management comprises 3-5 months per year, farmyard manure and decomposed crop straws are applied to each mu at 2.0-3.0 t, 40-80 kg of biological bacterial manure, 7-11 kg of N and 7-11 kg of P during soil preparation of strawberry seedling raising fields2O5 6～8kg、K2Mixing and uniformly bedding the O4-7 kg of mixed soil, and transplanting the parent plant after a 50% shade shed and a sprinkling irrigation facility are built, wherein the soil humidity is kept at 60% -80% of the water capacity in the field.
The strawberry seedling management method further comprises the step of using 3-5 kg of N and P in the vigorous stem and leaf period of the mother plant2O52～4kg、K2And 4-6 times of O2 kg fertilization per mu, watering the stock plant once every 15-20 days by adding water, and spraying gibberellin with the concentration of 50mg/L on the leaf surfaces for 1-2 times to promote the early growth and fast growth of the plant and creeping stems.
The strawberry seedling management method further comprises the step of removing the shading net, the old leaves of the nursery stocks, the diseased leaves, the invalid seedlings and the core tips of creeping old stems in time in the last 6-month ten days, so that the number of the mother plant leaves is 15-20, and the number of the young seedling leaves is 4-6.
The strawberry seedling management method further comprises the steps of spraying the seedlings for 1-2 times on the paclobutrazol leaves with the concentration of 50-100 mg/L in the first ten days of 7 months, controlling the plant height to be 20-25 cm, promoting rhizome thickening, flower bud differentiation, leaf color deepening, improving lighting effect and guiding nutrients to be conveyed to the roots; meanwhile, measures of applying naphthylacetic acid and phosphorus potassium fertilizer are taken, namely, the naphthylacetic acid 1500-2000 times of liquid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed for applying 2-4 kg per mu, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate with the concentration of 0.2% and the carbon fertilizer leaf surface are sprayed for 2-3 times, so that the C/N ratio and the root-crown ratio of plants are improved.
The strawberry seedling management of the invention also comprises that the strawberry seedling management comprises 3-5 times of small weeding, 1-2 times of root breaking and about 5cm away from the seedling; the height of the strawberry seedling is reduced by 5-8 cm, the pseudostem thickness is increased by 0.4-0.7 cm, and the number of main roots is increased by 5-15.
The method comprises the steps of pre-soil preparation management, namely, field production is carried out according to the following biological organic fertilizer, decomposed straw, turf and matrix loose substances: the volume ratio of the soil is 1-2: 1, and N10-15 kg and P are uniformly spread in each mu2O55～8kg、K2O10-15 kg, 1.0-1.5 kg of phoxim pesticide and 15-25 kg of sodium disulfate bactericide, and mixing with the plough layer uniformly, wherein the volume weight of the soil is 0.600-1.000 g/cm3And then ridging the furrow surface in an area of 25-30 cm adjacent to the furrow surface according to the furrow width of 90-100 cm, the furrow height of 40-50 cm and the furrow surface of 40-45 cm, and digging two ponds which are perpendicular to the furrow surface and have the diameter of 15-20 cm side by side and the depth of 10-15 cm for later use.
The method comprises the following steps of transplanting seedling management, digging out strawberry seedlings 15-20 days before a transplanting period, cleaning, removing old root leaves and diseased root leaves, reserving 3-4 leaves of each plant, simultaneously subtracting old and weak root systems, reserving 15-25 main root systems of 5-10 cm, soaking the root systems in 5-10 mg/L sodium naphthaleneacetate solution for 2-6 hours, and transplanting the plants according to the row spacing of 10-15 cm and the plant spacing of 3-5 cm until the plants cover the thickness of 15-20 cm and the volume weight of 0.200-0.400 g/cm3And a 70% shading net and a small arched shed are set up on the base soil for shading and moisturizing.
The management of the transplanted seedlings also comprises that after 20 days, the temporary planted seedlings with germinated fibrous roots are immediately transplanted into a planting pond, mixed soil is uniformly scattered around the roots of the seedlings, a dropper is installed after compaction to pour enough root fixing water, a mulching film is covered to install a spraying belt, a shading net with 70 percent of 15-20 days is built, the air humidity is kept at 60-80 percent, and the soil humidity is kept at 70-80 percent in the field.
The mixed soil is prepared from farmyard manure, grass peat, decomposed crop straws and loose matrix substances: the volume ratio of the soil is 2-3: 1, 0.8-1.2 kg of microbial fertilizer and 0.5-0.8 kg of phosphorus octylate insecticide are applied to each mu of soil and mixed evenly, and the volume weight of the soil is 0.500g/cm3。
The management of the transplanted seedlings also comprises the steps of preparing 1500-2000 times of liquid naphthylacetic acid and 0.2% of monopotassium phosphate solution for dropwise application, wherein the liquid naphthylacetic acid and the monopotassium phosphate solution are applied once every 10-15 days; the LED lamp is used for illuminating for 3-5 hours at night every day for 15-20 days to improve photosynthetic efficiency and ensure sufficient nutrients needed by root growth.
The method for inducing the fast growth and the fast growth of the bare-rooted seedlings of the strawberries by taking comprehensive measures of stem and leaf management, fertilizer and water management, regulator application and the like has the advantages that the method starts from the seedling stage, the transplanting stage and the seedling returning stage of the strawberries and induces the bare-rooted seedlings to grow early and fast, so that the aims of promoting the robust growth of plants, improving the transplanting survival rate, reducing the production cost, improving the yield and the quality, increasing the economic income and the like are fulfilled.
Detailed Description
The following is a detailed description of preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.
In order to solve the technical problem that the survival rate of bare-rooted strawberry seedlings is not high, the embodiment combines the climatic conditions of the strawberry seedling culture period in the southwest region and the growth characteristics of the adventitious roots to make a technical scheme for promoting the adventitious roots of the strawberry.
Example 1
Strawberry seedling stage management
3-5 months per year, spreading farmyard manure and decomposed crop straws 2.0-3.0 t, 40-80 kg of biological bacterial fertilizer, 7-11 kg of N and P per mu when preparing soil in a strawberry seedling raising field2O5 6～8kg、K2Mixing and uniformly bedding with O4-7 kg of mixed soil, building a 50% shade shed and a spray irrigation facility, transplanting the stock plant, keeping the soil humidity at 60% -80% of the water holding capacity in the field, and providing a warm, cool and moist growing environment for the plant growth.
In the period of vigorous stem and leaf of the mother plant, 3-5 kg of N and P are used2O5 2～4kg、K2Fertilizing amount of O2-4 kg per mu is divided into 4-6 times, the stock plant is watered once every 15-20 days, gibberellin with concentration of 50mg/L is sprayed on leaf surfaces for 1-2 times, and the stock plant is brokenDormancy to promote the early growth and fast growth of plant stolons.
In the last ten days of 6 months, the shading net, the old leaves of the seedlings, the diseased leaves, the invalid seedlings and the core tips of creeping old stems are removed in time, the number of the leaves of the parent plants is ensured to be 15-20, the number of the leaves of the sub-seedlings is ensured to be 4-6, the vigorous growth of the seedlings is prevented, the ventilation and transmittance of seedling fields are increased, the photosynthetic efficiency of the leaves is improved, the growth of underground parts is promoted, and the root system quantity of the plants can be improved by 10-20% by the measures; meanwhile, the plant rates of powdery mildew and anthracnose can be reduced by 2.5-3.5 percent.
In the middle-upper ten days of 7 months, spraying nursery stocks on leaf surfaces of paclobutrazol with the concentration of 50-100 mg/L for 1-2 times, controlling the plant height to be 20-25 cm, promoting rootstock thickening, flower bud differentiation, leaf color deepening and light effect improvement, and guiding nutrients to be conveyed to the rootstocks; meanwhile, measures of applying naphthylacetic acid and phosphorus potassium fertilizer are adopted, namely, the naphthylacetic acid 1500-2000 times of liquid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed for applying 2-4 kg per mu, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate with the concentration of 0.2% and the carbon fertilizer leaf surface are sprayed for 2-3 times, so that the C/N ratio and the root-crown ratio of the plant are improved, and the root system amount of the plant can be improved by 20-30% by the measures.
In the whole seedling raising period of the strawberry, small weeding is carried out for 3-5 times in time, the root breaking treatment is carried out for 1-2 times (about 5cm away from the seedling), and the root system quantity of the plant can be improved by 10-20%. Through the measures, the height of the strawberry seedling is reduced by 5-8 cm, the pseudostem thickness is increased by 0.4-0.7 cm, the number of main roots is increased by 5-15, the number of fibrous roots is large, the leaf stalks are short and thick, the root system is free of brown stain, and the growth vigor is good.
Example 3
Pre-tillage management
The strawberry root system is composed of new stems and adventitious roots generated on rhizome, both are fibrous root systems, and are mainly distributed in a soil layer of 0-30 cm in soil and are shallow.
In order to promote the growth of strawberry roots, the field production is carried out according to the following biological organic fertilizer, decomposed straw, grass carbon and matrix loose substances: the volume ratio of the soil is 1-2: 1, and N10-15 kg and P are uniformly applied per mu2O55～8kg、K2O10-15 kg (the application amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accounts for 30-70% of the total dosage), 1.0-1.5 kg of octathiophosphorus insecticide and 15-25 kg of sodium diquat bactericide,and mixing with the plough layer (the volume weight of the soil is 0.600-1.000 g/cm)3) And then ridging the furrow surface in an area of 25-30 cm adjacent to the furrow surface according to the furrow width of 90-100 cm, the furrow height of 40-50 cm and the furrow surface of 40-45 cm, and digging two ponds which are perpendicular to the furrow surface and have the diameter of 15-20 cm side by side and have the depth of 10-15 cm for later use. Through the measures, the illumination of a field planting area is sufficient, the soil permeability is good, the temperature and fertilizer are improved, the drainage is convenient, the early growth and the quick growth of strawberry seedlings are facilitated, and the transplanting survival rate of the seedlings can be improved by 2.0-4.0 percent.
Example 4
Management of transplanted seedlings
Digging out strawberry seedlings 15-20 days before a transplanting period, cleaning, removing old root leaves and diseased root leaves, reserving 3-4 leaves of each plant, simultaneously subtracting old and weak root systems, reserving 15-25 main root systems of 5-10 cm, soaking the root systems in 5-10 mg/L sodium naphthaleneacetate solution for 2-6 hours, and heeling in a mode of covering 15-20 cm thick and 0.200-0.400 g/cm volume weight according to row spacing of 10-15 cm and plant spacing of 3-5 cm3And a 70% shading net and a small arched shed are set up on the matrix soil, so that the measures are favorable for reducing leaf surface evaporation and promoting root germination, and the root quantity of the plants can be increased by 5% -10%.
After 20 days, immediately transplanting the temporary planting seedlings with the germinated fibrous roots into a planting pond, uniformly mixing 0.8-1.2 kg of microbial fertilizer and 0.5-0.8 kg of phosphorus octylate insecticide by using mixed soil (according to the volume ratio of farmyard manure, grass peat, decomposed crop straws, matrix loose substances to soil being 2-3: 1), wherein the volume weight of the soil is 0.500g/cm3Left and right. ) Uniformly spreading the mixture around the roots of the seedlings, mounting a dropper after compaction, watering enough root fixing water, covering a mulching film, mounting a spraying belt, building a shading net with the concentration of 70% for 15-20 days, keeping the air humidity of 60% -80%, and keeping the soil humidity in the field with the concentration of 70% -80%, so as to achieve the effects of shading, cooling and seedling reviving;
simultaneously, 1500-2000 times of liquid naphthylacetic acid and 0.2% concentration potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution are prepared for liquid drop application, and the liquid drop application is carried out once every 10-15 days; the LED lamp is used for illuminating for 3-5 hours at night every day for 15-20 days to improve photosynthetic efficiency and ensure sufficient nutrients needed by root growth. Through the measures, the transplanting survival rate is improved by 3.0-5.0 percent.
Other management is consistent with conventional techniques.
And (3) comparison test:
the test was divided into a seedling stage treatment group (group 1), a pre-soil preparation treatment group (group 2), a transplant seedling treatment group (group 3), a comprehensive treatment group (group 4) and a control group. The treatment group and the control group are planted in Miaoxiang No. 7, the seedlings are grown in open field in 4 months and 10 days, a large number of seedlings are germinated in 20 days in 6 months, the seedling age is 40-70 days, the seedlings are transplanted in open field in 8 months and 15 days, and the traditional open field half-forcing culture mode is adopted in the field. Wherein, the control group, the group 2 and the group 3 are planted with traditional open field bare-rooted seedlings; both group 1 and group 4 were planted with seedlings treated at the seedling stage. The conditions of the seedling quality, the transplanting survival rate and the production cost are counted, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
From table 1, it can be seen that: from the seedling quality, compared with the groups 2, 3 and the control group, the plant heights of the groups 1 and 4 are reduced by 8cm and 40.0 percent; the diameter of the pseudostem is increased by 0.4cm and is increased by 50 percent; 6 adventitious roots are added, and the number of adventitious roots is increased by 24.0%; the number of leaves is increased by 1.0 piece and 33.3 percent. In the seedling returning period, the seedling returning time of each treatment group is shorter than that of the control group by 1-6 days, so that the seedling returning time of the comprehensive treatment group is shortest. From the aspect of transplanting survival rate, each treatment group is higher than the control group by 2.3-8.9 percentage points, so that the transplanting survival rate of the comprehensive treatment group is highest. From the production cost, except that the pre-soil preparation treatment group is 200 yuan higher than the control group per mu, the other treatments are all lower than the control group, and the treatment is 85-200 yuan lower than the control group per mu, so that the comprehensive treatment group has the lowest production cost per mu. Comprehensive treatment, best quality of the combined seedlings, highest transplanting survival rate, lowest production cost and obvious benefit.
The planting technology of the invention is feasible, the survival rate of transplanting is improved, the growth vigor of plants is enhanced, the cost is reduced, the benefit is obviously superior to that of the traditional planting method, and the method can be further popularized and applied.
The above description is only a part of specific embodiments of the present invention (since the formula of the present invention includes numerical ranges, the embodiments are not exhaustive, and the protection scope of the present invention includes the numerical ranges and other technical essential ranges), and the detailed contents or common knowledge known in the schemes are not described herein too much. It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by means of equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation for those skilled in the art are within the protection scope of the present invention. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for inducing the early and fast growth of bare-rooted strawberry seedlings to generate adventitious roots in the southwest region is characterized by comprising strawberry seedling stage management, wherein the strawberry seedling stage management comprises 3-5 months per year, 2.0-3.0 t of farmyard manure, decomposed crop straws, 40-80 kg of biological bacterial manure, 7-11 kg of N and P are spread per mu when soil preparation is carried out in a strawberry seedling raising field2O56～8kg、K2Mixing and uniformly bedding the O4-7 kg of mixed soil, and transplanting the parent plant after a 50% shade shed and a sprinkling irrigation facility are built, wherein the soil humidity is kept at 60% -80% of the water capacity in the field.
2. The method for inducing strawberry bare-rooted seedlings to grow early and rapidly adventitious roots according to claim 1, wherein the strawberry seedling management further comprises the step of using 3-5 kg of N and P in the vigorous stem and leaf period of a mother plant2O5 2～4kg、K2And 4-6 times of O2 kg fertilization per mu, watering the stock plant once every 15-20 days by adding water, and spraying gibberellin with the concentration of 50mg/L on the leaf surfaces for 1-2 times to promote the early growth and fast growth of the plant and creeping stems.
3. The method for inducing the early growth and fast adventitious root growth of a bare-rooted seedling of strawberry in southwest region of claim 2, wherein the strawberry seedling management further comprises removing shading nets and the tips of old leaves, diseased leaves, ineffective seedlings and stolon old stems of the seedlings in time in the first ten days of 6 months, so as to ensure that the number of leaves of a mother plant is 15-20 and the number of leaves of a child seedling is 4-6.
4. The method for inducing the early-growing and fast-growing adventitious roots of bare-rooted strawberry seedlings according to claim 3, wherein the strawberry seedling management further comprises the steps of spraying seedlings on the leaf surfaces of paclobutrazol with the concentration of 50-100 mg/L for 1-2 times in the first ten days of 7 months, controlling the plant height to be 20-25 cm, promoting root and stem thickening, flower bud differentiation, leaf color deepening and light effect improvement, and guiding nutrients to be conveyed to the roots and stems; meanwhile, measures of applying naphthylacetic acid and phosphorus potassium fertilizer are taken, namely, the naphthylacetic acid 1500-2000 times of liquid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed for applying 2-4 kg per mu, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate with the concentration of 0.2% and the carbon fertilizer leaf surface are sprayed for 2-3 times, so that the C/N ratio and the root-crown ratio of plants are improved.
5. The method for inducing the early-growing and fast-growing adventitious roots of bare-rooted strawberry seedlings according to claim 4, wherein the strawberry seedling management further comprises the steps of performing small weeding 3-5 times and performing root breaking 1-2 times at a distance of about 5cm from the seedlings; the height of the strawberry seedling is reduced by 5-8 cm, the pseudostem thickness is increased by 0.4-0.7 cm, and the number of main roots is increased by 5-15.
6. The method for inducing the strawberry bare-rooted seedlings to grow and rapidly grow adventitious roots in the southwest region of claim 5, wherein the method comprises pre-soil preparation management, namely field production according to the following biological organic fertilizer, decomposed straw, grass peat and matrix loose substances: the volume ratio of the soil is 1-2: 1, and N10-15 kg and P are uniformly spread in each mu2O55～8kg、K2O10-15 kg, 1.0-1.5 kg of phoxim pesticide and 15-25 kg of sodium disulfate bactericide, and mixing with the plough layer uniformly, wherein the volume weight of the soil is 0.600-1.000 g/cm3And then ridging the furrow surface in an area of 25-30 cm adjacent to the furrow surface according to the furrow width of 90-100 cm, the furrow height of 40-50 cm and the furrow surface of 40-45 cm, and digging two ponds which are perpendicular to the furrow surface and have the diameter of 15-20 cm side by side and the depth of 10-15 cm for later use.
7. The method for inducing the early-stage and fast-growing adventitious roots of bare-rooted strawberry seedlings according to claim 6, wherein the method is used for inducing the early-stage and fast-growing adventitious roots of bare-rooted strawberry seedlings in southwestThe method comprises the following steps of transplanting seedling management, digging out strawberry seedlings 15-20 days before a transplanting period, cleaning, removing old root leaves and diseased root leaves, reserving 3-4 leaves of each strawberry plant, simultaneously subtracting old and weak root systems, reserving 15-25 main root systems of 5-10 cm, soaking the root systems in 5-10 mg/L sodium naphthaleneacetate solution for 2-6 hours, and transplanting the strawberry seedlings to cover 15-20 cm thick and 0.200-0.400 g/cm in unit length of 3-5 cm according to the row spacing of 10-15 cm and the plant spacing of 0.200-0.400 g/cm3And a 70% shading net and a small arched shed are set up on the substrate soil for shading and moisturizing.
8. The method for inducing the strawberry bare-rooted seedlings to grow rapidly and generate adventitious roots in the southwest region according to claim 7, wherein the transplanting management further comprises the steps of immediately transplanting the temporary seedlings with the germinated fibrous roots into a planting pond 20 days later, uniformly scattering mixed soil around the roots of the seedlings, mounting a dropper to pour sufficient rooting water after compaction, covering a mulching film to mount a spraying belt, building a shading net with the humidity of 70% for 15-20 days, keeping the air humidity of 60-80% and keeping the soil humidity of 70-80% in the field.
9. The method for inducing the strawberry bare-rooted seedlings to grow and rapidly grow adventitious roots in the southwest region of claim 8, wherein the mixed soil is prepared from farmyard manure, grass peat, decomposed crop straws and matrix loose substances: the volume ratio of the soil is 2-3: 1, 0.8-1.2 kg of microbial fertilizer and 0.5-0.8 kg of phosphorus octylate insecticide are applied to each mu of soil and mixed evenly, and the volume weight of the soil is 0.500g/cm3。
10. The method for inducing strawberry bare-rooted seedlings to grow early and rapidly adventitious roots according to claim 8, wherein the transplanting seedling management further comprises the steps of preparing 1500-2000 times of liquid naphthylacetic acid and 0.2% of monopotassium phosphate solution for liquid drop application, and applying the liquid naphthylacetic acid and the monopotassium phosphate solution once every 10-15 days; the LED lamp is used for illuminating for 3-5 hours at night every day for 15-20 days to improve photosynthetic efficiency and ensure sufficient nutrients needed by root growth.
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