CN114558921A - Electric heating stretch bending die and electric heating stretch bending forming method - Google Patents
Electric heating stretch bending die and electric heating stretch bending forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114558921A CN114558921A CN202210199867.9A CN202210199867A CN114558921A CN 114558921 A CN114558921 A CN 114558921A CN 202210199867 A CN202210199867 A CN 202210199867A CN 114558921 A CN114558921 A CN 114558921A
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- Prior art keywords
- stretch
- bending die
- stretch bending
- electrothermal
- electric heating
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D11/00—Bending not restricted to forms of material mentioned in only one of groups B21D5/00, B21D7/00, B21D9/00; Bending not provided for in groups B21D5/00 - B21D9/00; Twisting
- B21D11/02—Bending by stretching or pulling over a die
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of titanium alloy, and discloses an electric heating stretch bending die and an electric heating stretch bending forming method. The electric heating stretch bending die and the electric heating stretch bending forming method have the advantages of strong flexibility, low process difficulty, high reliability and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of titanium alloy, in particular to an electric heating stretch bending die and an electric heating stretch bending forming method.
Background
Titanium alloy materials are increasingly used in advanced aircraft due to their potential compatibility and impact resistance with composites. The titanium alloy bending section becomes the main structure of a composite material fuselage bearing component and is used for fuselage bearing frame girder stringers, central wing boxes, main landing gear mechanism supports, cabin door frames and the like, so that the forming quality of the titanium alloy bending section is directly related to the assembly precision and the service life of an airplane, becomes a technical key influencing the development of the airplane and ensuring the integral service performance of the airplane, and is also one of main factors influencing the manufacturing period, the cost and the benefit of the airplane.
The electrothermal stretch bending forming technology is used as an effective means for forming titanium alloy section bent parts, and the temperature state of the section in the forming process is an important factor influencing the final appearance size precision and residual stress of the titanium alloy section stretch bending parts, so that the electrothermal stretch bending forming technology is of great importance to the temperature control of the titanium alloy section in the electrothermal stretch bending forming process.
At present, the electric heating stretch bending forming method mainly comprises two methods:
first, referring to fig. 1, in the method for heating a mold by an electric heating belt connected in parallel with a section bar, a heating stretch-bending device includes a stretch-bending machine (not shown), a stretch-bending mold 102 and a temperature sensor 103. The stretch bending die 102 is hollow, and an electric heating belt 104 connected with the section bar 100 in parallel is arranged in the stretch bending die 102. A temperature sensor 103 is attached to the inner surface of the stretch-bending die 102 in contact with the profile 100 for temperature measurement. In the stretch bending process of the stretch bender, the section bar 100 and the electric heating bands 104 are electrified simultaneously, the contact surface of the stretch bending die 102 and the section bar 100 is heated to a preset temperature, and the two ends of the section bar are clamped by the clamping heads 101 for stretch bending.
Referring to fig. 2, the method for stretch-bending the heat preservation box with the heating device is a hybrid electric heating stretch-bending method combining the self-resistance heating of the section bar 100 and the heating box 201. Specifically, a heating rod is also arranged in the stretch bending die (not shown in fig. 2), the stretch bending die and the section bar 100 are placed in a heating box 201 together, and the heating box 201 assists in heating the stretch bending die and the section bar 100, so that the heating efficiency and the temperature uniformity are improved. During stretching, the profile 100 is clamped at both ends by the clamps 101. After the section bar 100 is tangent to the vertex of the stretch bending die, the heating box 201 is started to perform auxiliary heating on the section bar 100. And measuring the temperature of the profile 100 in real time by using a temperature sensor (not shown in fig. 2), performing closed-loop PID (proportion integration differentiation) closed-loop control by using a PLC (programmable logic controller) according to a temperature feedback signal, and performing stretch bending forming after the temperature of the profile 100 reaches a forming temperature.
In the first method, the profile 100 and the stretch bending die 102 are heated to the preset temperature in a parallel connection mode, which is difficult to achieve, the hollow structure in the stretch bending die 102 is complex, the difficulty of the preparation process of the stretch bending die 102 is high, and the heated stretch bending die 102 has insufficient reliability in the stretch bending forming process.
In the second method, the heating rod needs to heat the whole stretch-bending die, so that the heating time is long, the efficiency is low, and the energy consumption is high. In addition, when the size of the bent part changes, both the stretch bending die and the incubator 201 need to be reworked, which is too high in cost.
In view of this, the invention provides an electrothermal stretch bending die and an electrothermal stretch bending forming method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an electrothermal stretch-bending die and an electrothermal stretch-bending forming method, which aim to solve the technical problems of high process difficulty, insufficient reliability, high cost and the like in the electrothermal stretch-bending forming method in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an electric heating stretch bending die which comprises a base, wherein a heat insulation layer is arranged on the base, an insulation layer is arranged on the heat insulation layer, two sides of the base are respectively provided with a conductive part, the surface of the insulation layer is a curved surface, and the curved surface is bent towards a direction far away from the base.
Optionally, the insulating layer is a ceramic coating.
Optionally, the heat insulation layer is a mica heat insulation cushion layer.
Optionally, the conductive part comprises a conductive connection layer and a heat-resistant conductive layer which are connected, and the surface of the heat-resistant conductive layer is flush with the surface of the insulating layer.
Optionally, the base is a metal base.
Optionally, an elastic element is further abutted to one surface of the base, which is far away from the heat insulation layer.
Optionally, the number of the elastic elements is two, and the two elastic elements are respectively located on two sides of the base.
The invention also provides an electric heating stretch bending forming method, which comprises the following steps:
electrifying and heating the section;
the section is tightly attached to the electric heating stretch bending die, and first deformation is carried out on the section;
cutting off the power of the section;
and electrifying the electrothermal stretch bending die, reheating the section bar, and carrying out second deformation on the section bar.
Compared with the prior art, in the electrothermal stretch bending die and the electrothermal stretch bending forming method, the first deformation mainly clamps two ends of the section bar through the clamping heads to axially stretch the section bar, and the section bar is tightly attached to the electrothermal stretch bending die to enable the section bar to bend to a certain extent. And then the section is powered off, the electric heating stretch bending die is directly powered on, the specified die attaching bending part of the section is powered on and heated again, at the moment, no current passes through the non-die attaching part of the section, the temperature of the section of. Wherein, the base is the main part of electric heat stretch bending mould, and the insulating layer mainly plays thermal-insulated effect, reduces the contact heat conduction loss when the secondary heats section bar die-pasting position. The insulating layer plays an insulating role, a reheating electrifying loop is ensured, and current can be introduced into the two conducting parts.
Drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated in drawings corresponding to, and not limiting to, the embodiments, in which elements having the same reference number designation may be represented as similar elements, unless specifically noted, the drawings in the figures are not to scale.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the operation of stretch bending of a heating stretch bending apparatus in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a schematic drawing showing the operation of stretch bending of an incubator with a heating device in the prior art.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an operation of the electrothermal stretch bending die according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an electrothermal stretch-bend forming method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
101-section bar; 101-a chuck; 102-stretch bending a mould; 103-temperature sensor; 104-an electric heating belt; 1-a base; 2-a heat insulation layer; 3-an insulating layer; 4-a conductive portion; 41-a conductive connection layer; 42-Heat resistant conductive layer.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of and not restrictive on the broad invention. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some structures related to the embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of them.
Furthermore, the terms first, second, third and the like in the description and in the claims, are used for descriptive purposes only to distinguish one element from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any order or order to the indicated elements. The terms are interchangeable where appropriate. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.
Similarly, the terms "fixed" and "connected," as used in the description and claims, are not to be construed as limited to direct connection. Thus, the expression "device a is connected to device B" should not be limited to devices or systems in which device a is directly connected to device B, meaning that there is a path between device a and device B, which may be a path including other devices or tools.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, an electric heating stretch bending die includes a base 1, a heat insulating layer 2 is disposed on the base 1, an insulating layer 3 is disposed on the heat insulating layer 2, two sides of the base 1 are respectively provided with a conductive portion 4, a surface of the insulating layer 3 is a curved surface, and the curved surface is bent in a direction away from the base 1. Wherein, the insulating layer is a metal arc mould with an insulating layer on the molded surface.
The electric heating stretch bending forming method adopting the electric heating stretch bending die comprises the following steps:
s1, electrifying and heating the section bar 100;
s2, closely attaching the section bar to the electric heating stretch bending die, and carrying out first deformation on the section bar 100;
s3, powering off the profile 100;
and S4, electrifying the electrothermal stretch bending die, reheating the section bar, and carrying out second deformation on the section bar 100.
Both the first deformation and the second deformation may be accomplished by stretching, and it is understood that the first deformation and the second deformation may be accomplished by other methods. The first deformation is primary stretching, the second deformation is complementary stretching, the first deformation mainly clamps two ends of the section bar 100 through the clamping heads 101 for axial stretching, and when the electric heating stretch bending die is attached to the section bar 100, the section bar 100 is bent to a certain degree. And then, powering off the section bar 100, directly electrifying and heating the electric heating stretch bending die, electrifying and heating the appointed bending die attaching part of the section bar 100 again, and carrying out second deformation on the section bar 100. At this time, no current passes through the portion of the section bar 100 not in contact with the electrothermal stretch bending die, the temperature is low, and the second deformation of the specific portion of the section bar 100 is facilitated. Wherein, base 1 is the main part of electric heat stretch bending mould, and insulating layer 2 mainly plays thermal-insulated effect, prevents that base 1 from producing high temperature. The insulating layer 3 serves as an insulator to prevent leakage of electricity, and current can be supplied to the two conductive portions 4. The curved surface of the insulating layer 3 abuts against the profile 100 to stretch and bend the profile 100. Prior to the first deformation, the profile 100 may also be subjected to electrical heating.
In one embodiment, the insulating layer 3 is a ceramic coating to ensure insulation between the profile 100 and the electrothermal stretch bending die.
In an embodiment, the heat insulation layer 2 is a mica heat insulation cushion layer, and the heat insulation layer 2 can reduce the heat absorption of the electric heating stretch bending die to the bending part of the profile when the profile 100 is reheated, so that the reheating profile is rapidly heated.
In one embodiment, the conductive part 4 comprises a conductive connection layer 41 and a heat-resistant conductive layer 42 connected, and the surface of the heat-resistant conductive layer 42 is flush with the surface of the insulating layer 3. The heat-resistant conductive layer 42 is conductive silica gel, the conductive silica gel can enhance the contact conductivity between the conductive part 4 and the profile 100, when the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply are respectively connected to the two conductive connecting layers 41, the conductive connecting layer 41, the heat-resistant conductive layer 42, the profile 100, the other heat-resistant conductive layer 42 and the other conductive connecting layer 41 are sequentially electrified, so that the suspended section of the profile 100 is not electrified, the suspended section of the profile 100 is a low-temperature section, the specific part of the profile 100 can be subjected to second deformation, and the forming precision of the profile 100 can be improved.
In one embodiment, the base 1 is a metal base, which is relatively strong and not easily damaged.
In an embodiment, an elastic element is further disposed on a surface of the base 1 away from the heat insulating layer 2, and the elastic element can abut against the conductive portion 4, so that the conductive portion 4 and the profile 100 abut against each other.
In an embodiment, the number of the elastic elements is two, and the two elastic elements are respectively located on two sides of the base 1. In particular, the elastic element is a spring or a mechanical structure or the like that can provide a normal pressure.
Based on the combination of the above embodiments, the force F1 of the profile 100 is stretched, so that the profile 100 generates a component force F2 to the insulating layer 3, so that the profile 100 is attached to the curved surface of the insulating layer 3, and the spring pushes the conductive connecting layer 41, and the forces F3 and F2 of the spring are opposite, so that the insulating curved surface is attached to the profile 100. In addition, an infrared temperature measuring device may be used to monitor the profile 100 in real time.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; within the idea of the invention, also technical features in the above embodiments or in different embodiments may be combined, steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The electric heating stretch bending die is characterized by comprising a base, wherein a heat insulation layer is arranged on the base, an insulation layer is arranged on the heat insulation layer, conductive parts are arranged on two sides of the base respectively, the surface of the insulation layer is a curved surface, and the curved surface is bent towards the direction far away from the base.
2. An electrothermal stretch-bending die according to claim 1, wherein the insulating layer is a ceramic coating.
3. An electrothermal stretch bending die according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulating layer is a mica heat insulating cushion layer.
4. An electrothermal stretch-bending die according to claim 1, wherein the conductive portion comprises a conductive connecting layer and a heat-resistant conductive layer connected, and a surface of the heat-resistant conductive layer is flush with a surface of the insulating layer.
5. An electrothermal stretch-bending die according to claim 1, wherein the base is a metal base.
6. An electrothermal stretch-bending mould according to claim 1, wherein an elastic element is further abutted on a surface of the base, which is far away from the heat insulation layer.
7. An electrothermal stretch-bending die according to claim 6, wherein the number of the elastic elements is two, and the two elastic elements are respectively located on both sides of the base.
8. An electrothermal stretch-bending forming method, comprising:
electrifying and heating the section;
attaching the section bar to an electric heating stretch bending die according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and performing first deformation on the section bar;
cutting off the power of the section;
and electrifying the electrothermal stretch bending die, reheating the section bar, and carrying out second deformation on the section bar.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210199867.9A CN114558921A (en) | 2022-03-01 | 2022-03-01 | Electric heating stretch bending die and electric heating stretch bending forming method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210199867.9A CN114558921A (en) | 2022-03-01 | 2022-03-01 | Electric heating stretch bending die and electric heating stretch bending forming method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114558921A true CN114558921A (en) | 2022-05-31 |
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| CN202210199867.9A Pending CN114558921A (en) | 2022-03-01 | 2022-03-01 | Electric heating stretch bending die and electric heating stretch bending forming method |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070261462A1 (en) * | 2006-05-11 | 2007-11-15 | Rti International Metals, Inc. | Method and apparatus for creep forming of and relieving stress in an elongated metal bar |
| CN102500675A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-06-20 | 北京航空航天大学 | Hot forming tool of titanium alloy thin-wall part and machining method of hot forming tool |
| CN107695150A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2018-02-16 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of resistance electrical heating stretch wrap forming mould and its design method certainly |
| CN108723137A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2018-11-02 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | A kind of differential temperature stretch wrap forming method from resistance heating aluminium lithium alloy proximate matter |
| CN111167919A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-05-19 | 中南大学 | Stretch-forming-electromagnetic composite forming device and method for multi-curvature skin piece |
| CN113510170A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-10-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | Process regulation and control method for forming curved surface component with complex section by using titanium alloy extruded section |
-
2022
- 2022-03-01 CN CN202210199867.9A patent/CN114558921A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070261462A1 (en) * | 2006-05-11 | 2007-11-15 | Rti International Metals, Inc. | Method and apparatus for creep forming of and relieving stress in an elongated metal bar |
| CN102500675A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-06-20 | 北京航空航天大学 | Hot forming tool of titanium alloy thin-wall part and machining method of hot forming tool |
| CN108723137A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2018-11-02 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | A kind of differential temperature stretch wrap forming method from resistance heating aluminium lithium alloy proximate matter |
| CN107695150A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2018-02-16 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of resistance electrical heating stretch wrap forming mould and its design method certainly |
| CN111167919A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-05-19 | 中南大学 | Stretch-forming-electromagnetic composite forming device and method for multi-curvature skin piece |
| CN113510170A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-10-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | Process regulation and control method for forming curved surface component with complex section by using titanium alloy extruded section |
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