CN114507065A - 一种注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料及其注塑成型方法 - Google Patents
一种注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料及其注塑成型方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- ZFOZVQLOBQUTQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tributyl citrate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)OCCCC)CC(=O)OCCCC ZFOZVQLOBQUTQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- ZMESHQOXZMOOQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(naphthalen-1-ylmethyl)naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC=3)=CC=CC2=C1 ZMESHQOXZMOOQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 20
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- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920010126 Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003348 petrochemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开一种注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料及其注塑成型方法,涉及陶瓷材料技术领域。本发明公开的注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料是由以下重量百分比的原料组成:陶瓷粉末80.24~80.75%、非晶态α‑烯烃共聚物5.03~5.15%、线型低密度聚乙烯4.88~5.00%、硬脂酸1.58~2.31%、柠檬酸三丁酯3.36~4.35%、钛酸酯偶联剂2.45~2.53%、二萘基甲烷二磺酸钠0.15~0.22%;陶瓷粉末是由氧化铝粉末、氧化钇粉末和氧化镁粉末组成;本发明还提供了氧化铝陶瓷材料的注塑成型方法。本发明提供的注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料具有优良的高强度和高韧性,不易脆断,并且致密度高、产品收缩率小,可得到高尺寸精度的产品;本发明的原料易得,制备过程易控制、用时短,易于快速自动地大规模生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于陶瓷材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料及其注塑成型方法。
背景技术
陶瓷注塑成型(CIM)是近代粉末注射成型(PIM)技术的一个分支,是将聚合物注射成型方法与陶瓷制备工艺相结合而发展起来的一种制备陶瓷零部件的新工艺。该成型工艺具有机械化和自动化程度高、生产效率高、成型周期短、坯件强度高等特点,并且其工艺过程可以精确控制,可近净成型各种几何形状复杂的及有特殊要求的小型陶瓷零件,易于实现大批量、规模化生产。陶瓷注塑成型工艺的基本流程为:将陶瓷粉末、粘结剂、分散剂和润滑剂等均匀混合成为热熔体,然后采用注射机注入具有零件形状的模腔形成坯件,再经过脱脂、高温烧结而制得。
粘结剂是粉末注射成型技术中的核心和关键,每次注射成型工艺的提高和突破都伴随着新粘结体系的诞生。在CIM中,由于陶瓷粉末粒度比金属粉末注射成型中的细小,陶瓷粉末本身的流动性差,陶瓷粉末和粘结剂混合后粉末之间的间隙极小,造成脱脂困难,而影响最终制品的质量,这就使目前技术中对粘结剂有更严格的要求。目前成熟的粘结剂体系主要有四种:第一种是热塑性体系,其适用性好、流动性好、易于成型、粉末装载量高、注射过程易控制,但是脱脂时间长、工艺较复杂,成本较高;第二种是热固性体系,其注射坯的强度高、脱脂速度快,但是注射过程不易控制、适用性差、制品缺陷较多;第三种是凝胶体系,其有机物少、脱脂速度快,但是生坯强度低、脱脂较困难;第四种是水溶性体系,其脱脂速度快,但是粉末装载量小,致使制品的强度较低。由于陶瓷注塑成型技术对陶瓷粉末、粘结剂、分散剂等的选择要求十分严格,因此,目前国际上常用的为热塑性体系粘结剂,并且该粘结剂的选择种类也特别的少,若粘结剂体系选择不合适,则易造成烧结前固化和脱脂过程存在不均匀性、粘结剂不易脱出等问题,易造成最终制品的力学强度较差,且易脆断,还影响制品的生产效率,这就限制了国内陶瓷注塑成型技术的发展。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料,具有优良的高强度和高韧性,不易脆断,并且致密度高、产品收缩率小,可得到高尺寸精度的产品;本发明的原料易得,制备过程易控制、用时短,易于快速自动地大规模生产。
为了实现本发明的目的,本发明提供了一种注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料,是由以下重量百分比的原料组成:陶瓷粉末80.24~80.75%、非晶态α-烯烃共聚物5.03~5.15%、线型低密度聚乙烯4.88~5.00%、硬脂酸1.58~2.31%、柠檬酸三丁酯3.36~4.35%、钛酸酯偶联剂2.45~2.53%、二萘基甲烷二磺酸钠0.15~0.22%;
所述钛酸酯偶联剂为异丙基三(二辛基焦磷酸酰氧基)钛酸酯;
所述陶瓷粉末是由以下质量百分比的原料组成:氧化铝粉末95.4~97.28%、氧化钇粉末0.93~1.4%和氧化镁粉末1.80~3.2%。
本发明还提供了一种注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料的注塑成型方法,具体包括以下步骤:
S1.粗混:按上述质量百分比称取原料,先将陶瓷粉末置于200℃下干燥2h,然后将所有原料按比例加入到恒温搅拌混合机中,恒温搅拌2h,制得粗混料;
S2.挤练:将上述粗混料置于真空练泥机中,进行3次及以上反复挤出,制得混炼料;
S3.注塑成型:将上述混炼料加入到注塑机中进行注塑形成坯体;
S4.溶剂脱脂:将上述坯体浸泡于温度为50~60℃的异丙醇中,恒温浸泡6~8h,取出,然后于100±5℃的干燥箱中放置2h;
S5.热脱脂及烧结:将上述溶剂脱脂后的坯体放入烧结炉中,升温至450~700℃进行热脱脂,继续升温至1200~1400℃进行烧结,自然冷却至室温,制得氧化铝陶瓷体。
进一步的,所述陶瓷粉末的粒径为30~60nm。
进一步的,所述步骤S1粗混过程中,恒温搅拌混合机的温度设置为110℃,搅拌速率设置为250~260r/min。
进一步的,所述步骤S2挤练过程中,所述真空练泥机反复挤出次数为4~5次,使混炼料切粒后成团而不松散。
进一步的,所述步骤S5的热脱脂工艺过程为:在烧结炉中,常温下以3℃/min升温至220℃,保温1h;然后以1℃/min升温至450℃,保温2h;再以2℃/min升温至700℃,保温4h,得热脱脂后的坯体。
进一步的,所述步骤S5的烧结过程为:在烧结炉中,将热脱脂后的坯体直接在700℃下,以5℃/min升温至900℃,保温1h;再以5℃/min升温至1050℃,保温1h;再以10℃/min升温至1200℃,保温2h;最后以10℃/min升温至1400℃,保温3h。
本发明取得了以下有益效果:
1、本发明采用氧化铝为基料,并使用氧化钇和氧化镁为烧结助剂,通过与粘结剂体系(非晶态α-烯烃共聚物、线型低密度聚乙烯、硬脂酸、柠檬酸三丁酯和钛酸酯偶联剂)、分散剂混合-挤练-注塑成型,然后采用溶剂脱脂和热脱脂相结合的方式进行脱脂,再在较低的温度下进行烧结,得到了致密度高、均匀的氧化铝陶瓷体,具有优异的机械强度和耐冲击性能,韧性好,不易脆断,还具有优良的耐磨性、耐腐蚀性和耐高低温性能。氧化钇和氧化镁加入,作为氧化铝陶瓷的烧结助剂,显著降低了氧化铝陶瓷材料的烧结温度,增加了与其它组分的界面结合力,提高了氧化铝陶瓷的致密度、力学强度和断裂韧性;采用特定组分的粘结剂体系,该粘结剂体系的粘度适中,对温度的波动不大,并且能很好的润湿陶瓷粉末,流动性好,且对陶瓷粉末产生较优的粘附力,减少了陶瓷坯体形变几率,使产品的收缩率较小;本发明的粘结剂体系先采用溶剂脱脂,再进行热脱脂,减少了脱脂时间,提高了脱脂效率,并避免了因热应力而产生缺陷,从而减少陶瓷坯体所受热冲击,减少缺陷,减少了氧化铝的气孔率,进一步提高了本发明的致密度,力学强度和耐冲击性能,使其不易脆断。
2、非晶态α-烯烃共聚物(APAO)是一种低分子量、高流动性、非晶态、高无规度的柔性烯烃共聚物,其与线型低密度聚乙烯、硬脂酸、柠檬酸三丁酯和钛酸酯偶联剂相结合,具有较高的流动性,并使粘结剂体系保持适中的粘度,适用于本发明的陶瓷粉料,从而使陶瓷粉末分散均匀,并与陶瓷粉末间具有较好的粘结效果;该粘结剂体系在脱脂过程中,先采用溶剂脱脂,使硬脂酸、柠檬酸三丁酯等组分溶出,然后再采用热脱脂,大大缩短了脱脂时间,提高了脱脂效率,可保持坯体不变形,收缩率降低,还进一步提高了本发明的致密度。
3、本发明粘结体系中加入了钛酸酯偶联剂,除了可提高粘结剂与陶瓷粉末的粘结效果,其在脱脂过程中,产生的氧化钛可使氧化铝晶粒长径比变大,其与氧化镁、氧化钇共同作用,使氧化铝各晶粒的长径比基本一致,进一步提高了氧化铝陶瓷材料的致密度,从而提高了本发明的强度和韧性。
4、本发明的原料易得且环保,制备方法简单、易操作,采用3次以上(优选4-5次)进行挤练混料,使混炼料的混合效果好,混合效率高,并使混合后的混炼料成块,不易碎,减少了注塑成型生坯中气孔的产生;本发明的制备过程易控制、用时短,烧结温度较低,易于快速自动地大规模生产。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例中的钛酸酯偶联剂是指异丙基三(二辛基焦磷酸酰氧基)钛酸酯,由南京飞腾新材料提供的;非晶态α-烯烃共聚物(APAO)是由辽阳辽化齐达化工有限责任公司提供的;线型低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)是由中石化提供的,型号为M2720A;氧化铝粉末的粒径为30-60nm,由恒纳新材提供的,型号为HN-L30。
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料及其注塑成型方法予以说明。
实施例1:
本实施例的注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料,是由以下重量百分比的原料组成:陶瓷粉末80.24%、APAO 5.15%、LLDPE 5.00%、硬脂酸1.58%、柠檬酸三丁酯4.35%、钛酸酯偶联剂2.53%、二萘基甲烷二磺酸1.15%,其中陶瓷粉末是由以下质量百分比的原料组成:氧化铝粉末95.4%、氧化钇粉末1.4%和氧化镁粉末3.2%,且该陶瓷粉末的粒径为30-60nm。
上述注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料的注塑成型方法,具体包括以下步骤:
S1.粗混:按上述质量百分比称取原料,先将陶瓷粉末置于200℃下干燥2h,然后将所有原料按比例加入到恒温搅拌混合机中,搅拌速率设置为260r/min,在110℃下恒温搅拌2h,制得粗混料。
S2.挤练:将上述粗混料置于真空练泥机中,于155℃下进行3次反复挤出,制得混炼料。
S3.注塑成型:将上述混炼料加入到注塑机中,注射压力设置为100MPa,注射温度设置为190℃,模具温度为60℃,注塑形成坯体。
S4.溶剂脱脂:将上述坯体浸泡于温度为50℃的异丙醇中,恒温浸泡8h,取出,然后于100℃的干燥箱中放置2h。
S5.热脱脂:将上述溶剂脱脂后的坯体放入烧结炉中,在常温下以3℃/min升温至220℃,保温1h;然后以1℃/min升温至450℃,保温2h;再以2℃/min升温至700℃,保温4h,得热脱脂后的坯体。
S6.烧结:继续将热脱脂后的坯体于700℃下,以5℃/min升温至900℃,保温1h;再以5℃/min升温至1050℃,保温1h;再以10℃/min升温至1200℃,保温2h;最后以10℃/min升温至1400℃,保温3h后,自然冷却至室温,制得所需形状的氧化铝陶瓷体。
实施例2:
本实施例的注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料,是由以下重量百分比的原料组成:陶瓷粉末80.75%、APAO 5.03%、LLDPE 4.88%、硬脂酸2.31%、柠檬酸三丁酯3.36%、钛酸酯偶联剂2.45%、二萘基甲烷二磺酸1.22%,其中陶瓷粉末是由以下质量百分比的原料组成:氧化铝粉末97.28%、氧化钇粉末0.93%和氧化镁粉末1.79%,且该陶瓷粉末的粒径为30-60nm。
上述注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料的注塑成型方法的具体步骤与实施例1中相同,具体参照实施例1,不同的,本实施例2的挤练过程中,在155℃下进行了4次反复挤出,而制得混炼料。
实施例3:
本实施例的注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料,是由以下重量百分比的原料组成:陶瓷粉末80.36%、APAO 5.12%、LLDPE 4.95%、硬脂酸2.08%、柠檬酸三丁酯3.85%、钛酸酯偶联剂2.46%、二萘基甲烷二磺酸1.18%,其中陶瓷粉末是由以下质量百分比的原料组成:氧化铝粉末96.81%、氧化钇粉末1.07%和氧化镁粉末2.12%,且该陶瓷粉末的粒径为30-60nm。
上述注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料的注塑成型方法的具体步骤与实施例1中相同,具体参照实施例1,不同的,本实施例3的挤练过程中,在155℃下进行了5次反复挤出,而制得混炼料。
实施例3:
本实施例的注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料,是由以下重量百分比的原料组成:陶瓷粉末80.5%、APAO 5.08%、LLDPE 4.92%、硬脂酸1.65%、柠檬酸三丁酯4.2%、钛酸酯偶联剂2.48%、二萘基甲烷二磺酸1.17%,其中陶瓷粉末是由以下质量百分比的原料组成:氧化铝粉末96.27%、氧化钇粉末1.18%和氧化镁粉末2.55%,且该陶瓷粉末的粒径为30-60nm。
上述注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料的注塑成型方法的具体步骤与实施例1中相同,具体参照实施例1,不同的,本实施例4的挤练过程中,在155℃下进行了4次反复挤出,而制得混炼料。
对比例1
本对比例中的氧化铝陶瓷体的制备方法与实施例4中相同,不同的是,本对比例1中未加入APAO,且LLDPE的加入量为10%,其它组分和制备方法具体参照实施例4。
对比例2
本对比例中氧化铝陶瓷体的制备方法与实施例4中相同,不同的是,本对比例2中的未加入钛酸酯偶联剂和柠檬酸三丁酯,且硬脂酸的加入量为8.33%,其它组分和制备方法具体参照实施例4。
对比例3
本对比例中氧化铝陶瓷体的制备方法与实施例4中相同,不同的是,本对比例3中的未加入钛酸酯偶联剂,且硬脂酸的加入量为5.85%,其它组分和制备方法具体参照实施例4。
对比例4
本对比例中氧化铝陶瓷体的制备方法与实施例4中相同,不同的是,本对比例4的制备方法中,未进行热脱脂,即溶剂脱脂后形成的坯体直接至于烧结炉中,进行烧结,烧结过程为:将坯体置于烧结炉中,常温下以5℃/min升温至700℃下,保温4h,然后以5℃/min升温至900℃,保温1h;再以3℃/min升温至1050℃,保温1h;再以3℃/min升温至1200℃,保温2h;最后以10℃/min升温至1400℃,保温3h后,自然冷却至室温,制得所需形状的氧化铝陶瓷体。
该对比例4中的溶剂脱脂过程为:将注塑成型坯体浸泡于温度为50℃的异丙醇中,恒温浸泡24h,取出,然后于100℃的干燥箱中放置2h。
对比例5
本对比例中氧化铝陶瓷体的制备方法与实施例4中相同,不同的是,本对比例5的制备方法中,未进行溶剂脱脂,即注塑成型坯体后直接进行热脱脂,该热脱脂的过程为:将注塑成形坯体放入烧结炉中,在常温下以3℃/min升温至220℃,保温1h;然后以1.5℃/min升温至450℃,保温2h;再以3℃/min升温至700℃,保温4h,得热脱脂后的坯体。
上述实施例1-4和对比例1-5所制得的氧化铝陶瓷体相比,对各项指标进行测试,具体检测结果见下表1。
表1 氧化铝陶瓷体的力学性能检测结果表
备注:致密度为相对密度ρr,即按公式ρr=体积密度ρs/理论密度ρth计算。
根据以上实施例1-4与对比例1-5的对比试验结果,可以看出,与对比例相比,本发明的注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料具有更高的抗拉强度、抗压强度和断裂韧性,不易断裂,并且致密度高,产品品质好,适合于大规模自动化生产。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意组合,为使描述简洁,未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述,然而,只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾,都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料,其特征在于,是由以下重量百分比的原料组成:陶瓷粉末80.24~80.75%、非晶态α-烯烃共聚物5.03~5.15%、线型低密度聚乙烯4.88~5.00%、硬脂酸1.58~2.31%、柠檬酸三丁酯3.36~4.35%、钛酸酯偶联剂2.45~2.53%、二萘基甲烷二磺酸钠0.15~0.22%;
所述钛酸酯偶联剂为异丙基三(二辛基焦磷酸酰氧基)钛酸酯;
所述陶瓷粉末是由以下质量百分比的原料组成:氧化铝粉末95.4~97.28%、氧化钇粉末0.93~1.4%和氧化镁粉末1.80~3.2%。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料的注塑成型方法,其特征在于,具体包括以下步骤:
S1.粗混:按上述质量百分比称取原料,先将陶瓷粉末置于200℃下干燥2h,然后将所有原料按比例加入到恒温搅拌混合机中,恒温搅拌2h,制得粗混料;
S2.挤练:将上述粗混料置于真空练泥机中,进行3次以上反复挤出,制得混炼料;
S3.注塑成型:将上述混炼料加入到注塑机中进行注塑形成坯体;
S4.溶剂脱脂:将上述坯体浸泡于温度为50~60℃的异丙醇中,恒温浸泡6~8h,取出,然后于100±5℃的干燥箱中放置2h;
S5.热脱脂及烧结:将上述溶剂脱脂后的坯体放入烧结炉中,升温至450~700℃进行热脱脂,继续升温至1200~1400℃进行烧结,自然冷却至室温,制得氧化铝陶瓷体。
3.根据权利要求2所述的注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料的注塑成型方法,其特征在于,所述陶瓷粉末的粒径为30~60nm。
4.根据权利要求2所述的注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料的注塑成型方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S1粗混过程中,恒温搅拌混合机的温度设置为110℃,搅拌速率设置为250~260r/min。
5.根据权利要求2所述的注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料的注塑成型方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S2挤练过程中,所述真空练泥机反复挤出次数为4~5次,使混炼料切粒后成团而不松散。
6.根据权利要求2所述的注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料的注塑成型方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S5的热脱脂工艺过程为:在烧结炉中,常温下以3℃/min升温至220℃,保温1h;然后以1℃/min升温至450℃,保温2h;再以2℃/min升温至700℃,保温4h,得热脱脂后的坯体。
7.根据权利要求2所述的注塑成型氧化铝陶瓷材料的注塑成型方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S5的烧结过程为:在烧结炉中,将热脱脂后的坯体直接在700℃下,以5℃/min升温至900℃,保温1h;再以5℃/min升温至1050℃,保温1h;再以10℃/min升温至1200℃,保温2h;最后以10℃/min升温至1400℃,保温3h。
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