CN114464989A - Dual-frequency fusion antenna radiation unit - Google Patents
Dual-frequency fusion antenna radiation unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN114464989A CN114464989A CN202210027594.XA CN202210027594A CN114464989A CN 114464989 A CN114464989 A CN 114464989A CN 202210027594 A CN202210027594 A CN 202210027594A CN 114464989 A CN114464989 A CN 114464989A
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000006880 cross-coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005388 cross polarization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/08—Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
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Abstract
The invention relates to a radiation unit of a dual-frequency fusion antenna, which comprises a reflecting plate, a high-frequency-band radiator, a low-frequency-band radiator and a feed cable, wherein the high-frequency-band radiator is arranged on the reflecting plate, and the low-frequency-band radiator is arranged above the high-frequency-band radiator; the axle center collineation of high band irradiator and low band irradiator, the low band irradiator is in including setting up high frequency selective surface between high band irradiator and the low band irradiator, feed cable connects high band irradiator and low band irradiator. The high-frequency band radiator and the low-frequency band radiator form an axis collinear structure, so that the miniaturization of the structure is realized; the high-frequency selection surface is arranged between the high-frequency band radiator and the low-frequency band radiator, so that the coupling effect of the high-frequency band radiator and the low-frequency band radiator is weakened, and the problem of different-frequency mutual coupling between high frequency and low frequency is solved; and the antenna radiation unit of the invention realizes dual-frequency fusion.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of mobile communication, in particular to a dual-frequency fusion antenna radiation unit.
[ background of the invention ]
Although the mobile communication system has evolved to 5G at present, it does not mean that 2G, 3G and 4G must exit the historical stage immediately, and "co-site co-location" is a very good idea for solving the fusion construction of different mobile communication systems, and to implement the vision of the base station construction, a multi-frequency fusion base station antenna technology must be adopted.
The commonly used technical means of the existing multi-frequency fusion base station antenna are side-by-side parallel, coplanar nesting, flower arrangement type coplanarity and the like, and the technical defects are that miniaturization cannot be realized, the problem of different-frequency mutual coupling cannot be solved, and the real advantage of 'common-station and common-address' construction cannot be exerted. The antenna radiation unit is the main part of the antenna, and can directionally receive and transmit electromagnetic waves, thereby realizing wireless communication. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an antenna radiation unit for realizing miniaturization and light weight of the antenna and solving the problem of inter-frequency mutual coupling.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to provide an antenna radiation unit which is miniaturized in structure, solves the problem of different-frequency mutual coupling and realizes double-frequency fusion.
Therefore, the invention provides a dual-frequency fusion antenna radiation unit which comprises a reflecting plate, a high-frequency-band radiator, a low-frequency-band radiator and a feed cable, wherein the high-frequency-band radiator is arranged on the reflecting plate, and the low-frequency-band radiator is arranged above the high-frequency-band radiator; the axle center collineation of high band irradiator and low band irradiator, the low band irradiator is in including setting up high frequency selective surface between high band irradiator and the low band irradiator, feed cable connects high band irradiator and low band irradiator.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the high-band radiator includes a high-frequency differential feed substrate and a high-frequency radiation patch, the high-frequency radiation patch being disposed above the high-frequency differential feed substrate; the high-frequency differential feed substrate is arranged on the upper surface of the reflecting plate, the high-frequency differential feed substrate is a double-sided PCB, a high-frequency differential feed line arranged opposite to the high-frequency radiating sheet is arranged on the first surface of the high-frequency differential feed substrate, a differential feed line reference ground contacted with the reflecting plate is arranged on the second surface of the high-frequency differential feed substrate, and the high-frequency differential feed line and the differential feed line reference ground form a micro-strip transmission line; the high-frequency radiation piece is provided with a feed point which is connected with the high-frequency differential feed circuit, so that the high-frequency differential feed circuit feeds the high-frequency radiation piece.
In an embodiment of the invention, the dual-frequency fused antenna radiation unit further comprises a high-frequency guide sheet arranged right above the high-frequency radiation sheet, and the high-frequency guide sheet is collinear with the center of the high-frequency radiation sheet.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the low-band radiator further includes a low-frequency radiation substrate, a low-frequency radiation plate, and a low-frequency feed plate, wherein the center of the low-frequency radiation substrate is collinear with the center of the high-frequency radiation plate, the low-frequency radiation plate is disposed on the bottom surface of the low-frequency radiation substrate, the low-frequency feed plate is disposed on the top surface of the low-frequency radiation substrate, and the low-frequency feed plate feeds the low-frequency radiation plate in a coupling manner; the high-frequency selection surface is arranged on the bottom surface of the low-frequency radiation substrate and corresponds to the low-frequency radiation sheet.
In one embodiment of the invention, the high-frequency radiation sheet and the high-frequency guide sheet are respectively provided with a through groove; the feed cable is a low-frequency feed coaxial cable, penetrates through the through grooves of the high-frequency radiation sheet and the high-frequency guide sheet, and two ends of the feed cable are respectively connected with the differential feed line reference ground and the low-frequency feed sheet.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the high-frequency differential feeding line is a dual-polarized feeding line, and is a positive polarized high-frequency differential feeding line and a negative polarized high-frequency differential feeding line, and the high-frequency radiating patch adopts four feeding points to connect with the positive polarized high-frequency differential feeding line and the negative polarized high-frequency differential feeding line respectively; the low-frequency feed coaxial cables are provided with two groups, namely a first low-frequency feed coaxial cable and a second low-frequency feed coaxial cable; the low-frequency feed coaxial cables are arranged in two groups corresponding to the two groups of low-frequency feed coaxial cables, namely a first low-frequency feed plate and a second low-frequency feed plate, one end of the first low-frequency feed coaxial cable is connected with a single feed point of the first low-frequency feed plate, one end of the second low-frequency feed coaxial cable is connected with a single feed point of the second low-frequency feed plate, and the other ends of the first low-frequency feed coaxial cable and the second low-frequency feed coaxial cable are connected with a reference ground single feed point of a differential feed circuit.
In one embodiment of the invention, four groups of low-frequency radiation pieces are arranged, and the four groups of low-frequency radiation pieces are symmetrically distributed in a Chinese character tian shape along the center of the low-frequency radiation substrate in a left-right and up-down manner and are respectively a first low-frequency radiation piece, a second low-frequency radiation piece, a third low-frequency radiation piece and a fourth low-frequency radiation piece; four groups of high-frequency selection surfaces are arranged, and the four groups of high-frequency selection surfaces correspond to the four groups of low-frequency radiation fins one by one; the first low-frequency feed plate is correspondingly arranged above the third low-frequency radiation plate, and the second low-frequency feed plate is correspondingly arranged above the fourth low-frequency radiation plate.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the outer conductor of one end of the first low-frequency feed coaxial cable is connected to the first low-frequency radiating plate, the inner conductor of the same end thereof is connected to the first low-frequency feed plate, and the outer conductor of the other end thereof is connected to the differential feed line reference ground; the outer conductor at one end of the second low-frequency feed coaxial cable is connected with the second low-frequency radiating plate, the inner conductor at the same end of the second low-frequency feed coaxial cable is connected with the second low-frequency feed plate, and the outer conductor at the other end of the second low-frequency feed coaxial cable is connected with the differential feed line reference ground.
In one embodiment of the invention, metal suspension posts are arranged at the opposite corners of the low-frequency radiating patch.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the dual-band antenna radiation unit further includes a support member, the support member includes a first plastic column set and a second plastic column set, one end of the first plastic column set is fixedly connected to the low-frequency radiation substrate, and the other end of the first plastic column set is fixedly connected to the reflection plate; one end of the second plastic stud group is fixedly connected with the high-frequency radiation sheet, and the other end of the second plastic stud group is fixedly connected with the high-frequency guide sheet.
The high-frequency band radiator and the low-frequency band radiator form an axis collinear structure, so that the miniaturization of the structure is realized; the high-frequency selection surface is arranged between the high-frequency band radiator and the low-frequency band radiator, so that the coupling effect of the high-frequency band radiator and the low-frequency band radiator is weakened, and the problem of different-frequency mutual coupling between high frequency and low frequency is solved; and the antenna radiation unit of the invention realizes dual-frequency fusion.
[ description of the drawings ]
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dual-frequency fused radiation unit provided in a first embodiment and a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reflection plate and a high-frequency differential feeding substrate in the cross-sectional view of fig. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic reverse view of the high-frequency radiation plate in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a low-band radiator of the second embodiment shown in fig. 1;
FIG. 5 is a graphical representation of return loss simulation test results of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of verifying the effectiveness of the high frequency selective surface 31 according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating simulation test results according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a dual-band hybrid antenna radiation unit 100 including a reflection plate 1, a high-band radiator 2, a low-band radiator 3, and a feed cable 4. The high-frequency band radiator 2 is arranged on the reflecting plate 1, the low-frequency band radiator 3 is arranged above the high-frequency band radiator 2, and the axes of the high-frequency band radiator 2 and the low-frequency band radiator 3 are collinear, so that the structure of the antenna radiating unit is miniaturized. The feed cable 9 connects the high-band radiator 2 and the low-band radiator 3, so that the high-band radiator 2 feeds the low-band radiator 3 through the feed cable 9, and a dual-band antenna radiation unit is formed.
The low band radiator 3 has a high frequency selective surface 31 arranged between the high band radiator 2 and the low band radiator 3. Because the axes of the high-frequency radiator 2 and the low-frequency radiator 3 are collinear, namely the high-frequency radiator and the low-frequency radiator are arranged oppositely, the mutual coupling between low frequency and high frequency is very serious, and the working performance of the high-frequency radiator 2 is particularly influenced; the high-frequency band radiator 2 and the low-frequency band radiator 3 are isolated from each other by the high-frequency selection surface 31, so that the problem of cross coupling between the high-frequency band radiator 2 and the low-frequency band radiator 3 is solved, and the performance of the high-frequency band radiator 2 is not affected by the low-frequency band radiator 3.
As shown in fig. 5, in order to verify the effectiveness of the high-frequency selective surface 31, simulation experiments were performed using 3D electromagnetic field professional simulation software, and the results showed that the high-frequency selective surface 31 had very good characteristics in a high-frequency band range.
As shown in fig. 6, the results of the radiation unit return loss simulation test show that: the return loss of the invention is less than-13 dB at low frequency and high frequency. The above results reflect that the high-frequency selective surface 31 reduces the return loss of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave of the high-frequency radiator 2 and the low-frequency electromagnetic wave of the low-frequency radiator 3, and particularly prevents the energy coupling between the high-frequency electromagnetic wave and the low-frequency electromagnetic wave from being severely lost, which means that the high-frequency selective surface 31 effectively solves the problem of cross coupling between different frequencies.
Wherein:
as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the high-band radiator 2 includes a high-frequency differential feed substrate 21 and a high-frequency radiation patch 25, the high-frequency differential feed substrate 21 is disposed on the upper surface of the reflection plate 1, the high-frequency radiation patch 25 is disposed above the high-frequency differential feed substrate 21, the high-frequency differential feed substrate 21 is a double-sided PCB board, a first side thereof is disposed with a high-frequency differential feed line 210 disposed opposite to the high-frequency radiation patch 25, a second side thereof is a differential feed line reference ground 211 in contact with the reflection plate 1, and the high-frequency differential feed line 210 and the differential feed line reference ground 211 constitute a microstrip transmission line.
The high-frequency radiation plate 25 is a metal plate with a certain thickness, and is generally 1 mm thick. The high-frequency radiation piece 25 is provided with a feeding point 251 connected to the high-frequency differential feed line 21 so that the high-frequency differential feed line 21 feeds the high-frequency radiation piece 25. In this embodiment, the high-frequency radiation piece 25 is disposed at a certain height above the high-frequency differential feeding substrate 21, and the feed point 251 also plays a role of supporting the high-frequency radiation piece 25. The high-band radiator 2 is designed such that the high-frequency differential feeder line 210 transmits a high-frequency current to the high-frequency radiation patch 25 through the feed point 251, and the high-frequency radiation patch 25 converts the high-frequency current into a high-frequency electromagnetic wave to be radiated.
In order to improve the operating bandwidth of the high-band radiator 2 and optimize the radiation index, a high-frequency guide sheet 5 is arranged right above the high-frequency radiation sheet 25, i.e. the high-frequency guide sheet 5 is collinear with the center of the high-frequency radiation sheet 25. The high-frequency guiding sheet 5 is a metal body, the thickness is generally 1 mm, the shape is not limited, and different shapes such as a square, a rectangle, a circle, a circular ring and the like are selected according to the specific requirements of the working bandwidth and the radiation index. In the present embodiment, the high-frequency guide plate 5 is square and is disposed right above the high-frequency radiation plate 25 at a specific height. The high-frequency radiation sheet 25 converts the high-frequency current into high-frequency electromagnetic waves to be radiated, and then the high-frequency electromagnetic waves are radiated more intensively through the high-frequency guide sheet 5, so that the working bandwidth is improved and the radiation index is optimized.
As shown in fig. 4, the low-band radiator 3 further includes a low-frequency radiation substrate 32, a low-frequency radiation patch 33, and a low-frequency feed patch 34. In the present embodiment, in order to realize the coaxial structure of the high band radiator 2 and the low band radiator 3, the center of the low band radiating substrate 32 is coaxial with the center of the high band radiating plate 25. The low frequency radiation plate 33 is disposed on the bottom surface of the low frequency radiation substrate 32, and is disposed opposite to the high frequency band radiator 2, and the low frequency feed plate 34 is disposed on the top surface of the low frequency radiation substrate 32. The low frequency feed plate 34 feeds the low frequency radiation plate 33 by means of coupling. In the present embodiment, the high-frequency selective surface 31 is disposed on the bottom surface of the low-frequency radiation substrate 32 and is correspondingly disposed on the plane where the low-frequency radiation sheet 33 is located. The high frequency selective surface 31 is provided to the low band radiator 3, which solves the problem of cross coupling between different frequencies and has the following effects: on one hand, the structure miniaturization of the antenna radiation unit is kept; on the other hand, the high-frequency selective surface 31 and the low-frequency radiating patch 33 are arranged on the same plane, and have a certain coupling effect, so that the working bandwidth of the low-frequency band radiator 3 can be widened. It should be noted that the high-frequency selective surface 31 may also be disposed at the bottom of the low-frequency radiating substrate 32, and the high-frequency selective surface 31 is disposed directly below the low-frequency radiating plate 33, and the centers of the two are collinear (i.e. the high-frequency selective surface 31 and the low-frequency radiating plate 33 are not in the same plane), and the high-frequency selective surface 31 can also solve the problem of cross-coupling between different frequencies.
As shown in fig. 1, the high-frequency radiation sheet 25 and the high-frequency direction-directing sheet 5 are provided with through grooves 13, respectively; the feed cable 4 is a low frequency feed coaxial cable, which passes through the high frequency radiation patch 25 and the high frequency guide patch 5 through the through slot 13, and one end of the low frequency feed coaxial cable is connected to the differential feed line reference ground 211, and the other end thereof is connected to the low frequency feed patch 34. The connection is that the high-frequency current of the high-frequency differential feed line 210 is transmitted to the differential feed line reference ground 211 in a micro-strip manner, and is transmitted to the low-frequency feed sheet 34 through the low-frequency feed coaxial cable, the low-frequency feed sheet 34 transmits a current signal to the low-frequency radiation sheet 33 in a coupling manner, and the high-frequency current is converted into low-frequency electromagnetic waves through the low-frequency radiation sheet 33 and is radiated. In the high-band radiator 2, the high-frequency differential feeder line 210 transmits the high-frequency current to the high-frequency radiation patch 25, and the high-frequency radiation patch 25 converts the high-frequency current into high-frequency electromagnetic waves to be radiated. And the high-frequency selection surface 31 solves the problem of cross coupling between high-frequency and low-frequency pilot frequencies, so that the antenna radiation unit can radiate both high-frequency electromagnetic waves and low-frequency electromagnetic waves, thereby forming a dual-frequency integrated antenna radiation unit.
In order to improve the operating bandwidth of the low-band radiator 3, the metal suspension posts 6 are arranged at the opposite corners of the low-band radiator 33. Preferably, the metal suspension posts 6 are symmetrically arranged at the diagonal where the current is most concentrated, in this embodiment, the low-frequency radiating patch is square, and the metal suspension posts 6 are symmetrically arranged at the diagonal which is far away from the central area of the low-frequency radiating patch 33 (i.e. close to the outer edge of the low-frequency radiating patch 38). The current at the diagonal is most concentrated, and the effect of improving the working bandwidth is best. In this embodiment, in order to achieve a better miniaturization of the structure, the shapes of the high-frequency differential feed substrate 21, the high-frequency radiating patch 25, and the low-frequency radiating substrate 32 are all set to be square, the low-frequency radiating patch 33 is also set to be square corresponding to the low-frequency radiating substrate 32, and the metal suspension posts 6 are symmetrically disposed at four corners of the square low-frequency radiating patch 33. The metal suspension posts 6 are preferably cylindrical.
In order to increase the structural stability of the whole radiation unit, the dual-frequency fusion antenna radiation unit further comprises a support 7, wherein the support 7 comprises a first plastic column group and a second plastic column group (not marked in the figure), the first plastic column group is used for supporting the low-frequency radiation substrate 32, one end of the first plastic column group is fixedly connected with the low-frequency radiation substrate 32, and the other end of the first plastic column group is fixedly connected with the reflection plate 1; the second plastic stud group is used for supporting the high-frequency guiding sheet 5, one end of the second plastic stud group is fixedly connected with the high-frequency radiating sheet 25, and the other end of the second plastic stud group is fixedly connected with the high-frequency guiding sheet 5.
The structural design of the invention can realize the independent working characteristics of double frequencies, and can also use the whole double-frequency integrated antenna radiation unit as an independent antenna module, thereby having light weight and very convenient assembly, debugging and replacement.
The second embodiment:
the main difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the high-frequency differential feeding line 210 is a dual-polarized high-frequency differential feeding line, which is a positive polarized high-frequency differential feeding line and a negative polarized high-frequency differential feeding line; the high-frequency radiation piece 25 is provided with four feeding points 251, and the four feeding points 251 are respectively connected with the positively polarized and negatively polarized differential feeding lines of the high-frequency differential feeding line 210. Specifically, the four feeding points 251 are respectively connected to the input end and the output end of the positive polarization high-frequency differential feed circuit and the input end and the output end of the negative polarization high-frequency differential feed circuit. The dual-polarized high-frequency differential feed line feeds the high-frequency radiating piece 25 through four feed points 251, high-frequency currents of the anode and the cathode are transmitted to the high-frequency radiating piece 25, and the high-frequency radiating piece 25 converts the high-frequency currents of the anode and the cathode into high-frequency electromagnetic waves to be radiated, so that a dual-polarized high-frequency section radiating body is formed.
As shown in fig. 4, for dual-polarized current transmission, two sets of low-frequency feeding coaxial cables are provided, which are a first low-frequency feeding coaxial cable 41 and a second low-frequency feeding coaxial cable 42, respectively, the low-frequency feeding plate 34 is also provided with two sets corresponding to the two sets of low-frequency feeding coaxial cables, which are a first low-frequency feeding plate 341 and a second low-frequency feeding plate 342, respectively, one end of the first low-frequency feeding coaxial cable 41 is connected to the first low-frequency feeding plate 341 at a single feeding point, one end of the second low-frequency feeding coaxial cable 42 is connected to the second low-frequency feeding plate 342 at a single feeding point, and the other ends of the first low-frequency feeding coaxial cable 41 and the second low-frequency feeding coaxial cable 42 are connected to the differential feeding circuit reference ground 211 at a single feeding point, respectively. One of the first low frequency feeding coaxial cable 41 and the second low frequency feeding coaxial cable 42 transmits a high frequency current of a positive polarity, and the other transmits a high frequency current of a negative polarity.
As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, four sets of low-frequency radiation fins 33 are provided, and the four sets of low-frequency radiation fins 33 are symmetrically distributed in a matrix shape along the center of the low-frequency radiation substrate 32. The four groups of low-frequency radiation fins 33 are respectively a first low-frequency radiation fin 331, a second low-frequency radiation fin 332, a third low-frequency radiation fin 333 and a fourth low-frequency radiation fin 334.
Four sets of high-frequency selective surfaces 31 are also provided, and the four sets of high-frequency selective surfaces 31 are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the four sets of low-frequency radiation fins 33. In the present embodiment, each group of low radiation fins 33 is annular, and the high frequency selective surface 31 of each group is correspondingly disposed at the hollow inside the ring of the corresponding group of annular low radiation fins 33.
The four groups of high-frequency selection surfaces 31 are correspondingly arranged in the four groups of low-frequency radiation pieces 33 one by one, so that the coupling effect between the low frequency of the four groups of low-frequency radiation pieces 33 and the high frequency of the high-frequency radiation pieces 25 and the high-frequency guide piece 5 is weakened one by one, the high-frequency performance of the high-frequency radiation pieces 25 and the high-frequency band radiator 2 is not influenced by the low-frequency radiation pieces 33 and the low-frequency band radiator 3, and the problem of different-frequency mutual coupling is solved.
In this embodiment, the first low frequency feeding patch 341 is correspondingly disposed above the third low frequency radiating patch 333, and forms a coupling effect with each other; the second low-frequency feeding plate 342 is correspondingly disposed above the fourth low-frequency radiating plate 334, and forms a coupling effect with each other. After the design, the positive high-frequency current of the high-frequency band radiator 2 is transmitted to the first low-frequency feed piece 341 through the first low-frequency feed coaxial cable 41, the first low-frequency feed piece 341 transmits the signal to the third low-frequency radiation piece 333 through the coupling mode, and the positive high-frequency current is converted into electromagnetic waves through the third low-frequency radiation piece 333 and radiated out; the negative high-frequency current of the high-frequency band radiator 2 is transmitted to the second low-frequency feed tab 342 through the second low-frequency feed coaxial cable 42, the second low-frequency feed tab 342 transmits the current signal to the fourth low-frequency radiation tab 334 through a coupling manner, and the negative high-frequency current is converted into electromagnetic waves through the fourth low-frequency radiation tab 334 and radiated out. Of course, the positive high-frequency current may also pass through the second low-frequency feed coaxial cable 42, and the negative high-frequency current may pass through the first low-frequency feed coaxial cable 41.
As shown in fig. 4, in order to ensure signal balance, specifically, the outer conductor of the first end of the first low-frequency feeding coaxial cable 41 is connected to the first low-frequency radiating patch 331, the inner conductor of the first end thereof is connected to the first low-frequency feeding patch 341, and the outer conductor of the second end thereof is connected to the differential feeding line reference ground 211, so that the positive high-frequency current of the high-frequency band radiator 2 is transmitted to the first low-frequency feeding patch 331 through the first low-frequency feeding coaxial cable 41, the first low-frequency feeding patch 341 transmits the signal to the first low-frequency radiating patch 331 through the outer conductor of the first end of the first low-frequency feeding coaxial cable 41, and the high-frequency current is converted into electromagnetic waves through the first low-frequency radiating patch 331 and radiated, thereby forming a low-frequency positively polarized microstrip transmission line; the outer conductor of one end of the second low-frequency feed coaxial cable 42 is connected to the second low-frequency radiating patch 332, the inner conductor of the same end is connected to the second low-frequency feed patch 342, and the outer conductor of the other end is connected to the differential feed line reference ground 211, so that the high-frequency current of the high-frequency band radiator 2 is transmitted to the second low-frequency feed patch 342 through the second low-frequency feed coaxial cable 42, the second low-frequency feed patch 342 transmits the signal to the second low-frequency radiating patch 332 through the outer conductor of one end of the second low-frequency feed coaxial cable 42, and the high-frequency current is converted into electromagnetic waves through the second low-frequency radiating patch 332 and radiated, and meanwhile, a low-frequency negatively polarized microstrip transmission line is formed. The design described above enables the four sets of low frequency radiating patches 33 of the low frequency radiator 3 to receive signals, while also forming a dual polarized low frequency radiator.
In this embodiment, in order to improve the operating bandwidth of the low-band radiator 3, the metal suspension posts 6 are respectively disposed in the outermost opposite corners of each group of low-frequency radiating fins 33, that is, four metal suspension posts 6 are respectively disposed on the outermost opposite corners of the first low-frequency radiating fin 331, the second low-frequency radiating fin 332, the third low-frequency radiating fin 333, and the fourth low-frequency radiating fin 334, and the four metal suspension posts 6 are uniformly and symmetrically distributed.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the high-frequency differential feeding line 210 may also be a differential feeding line with a dual polarization of ± 45 °, and the high-frequency band radiator 2 and the low-frequency band radiator 3 are dual polarized radiators with an angle of ± 45 °, so that the dual-frequency integrated antenna radiation unit of the present invention becomes a dual-polarized dual-frequency integrated antenna radiation unit with an angle of ± 45 ° that is currently used.
As shown in fig. 7, through the radiation element simulation test, the radiation element directional diagram result shows: the low-frequency axial cross polarization ratio is larger than 25dB, the high-frequency axial cross polarization ratio is larger than 19dB, and the dual-polarization characteristic is very good.
The dual-polarized radiation unit can realize polarization diversity, and can work in a receiving-transmitting duplex mode, so that the number of antennas and the occupied space can be greatly reduced, and the purposes of miniaturization and light weight are realized.
The above-mentioned embodiments only describe several embodiments of the present invention, and the description is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The radiation unit of the dual-frequency fusion antenna is characterized by comprising a reflecting plate (1), a high-frequency-band radiator (2), a low-frequency-band radiator (3) and a feed cable (4), wherein the high-frequency-band radiator (2) is arranged on the reflecting plate (1), and the low-frequency-band radiator (3) is arranged above the high-frequency-band radiator (2); the axle center collineation of high band irradiator (2) and low band irradiator (3), low band irradiator (3) have set up high frequency selective surface (31) between high band irradiator (2) and low band irradiator (3), feeder cable (4) are connected high band irradiator (2) and low band irradiator (3).
2. The dual-band fused antenna radiating element according to claim 1, wherein the high-band radiator (2) comprises a high-frequency differential feed substrate (21) and a high-frequency radiating patch (25), the high-frequency radiating patch (25) being disposed above the high-frequency differential feed substrate (21); the high-frequency differential feed substrate (21) is arranged on the upper surface of the reflecting plate (1), the high-frequency differential feed substrate (21) is a double-sided PCB, a high-frequency differential feed line (210) which is arranged opposite to the high-frequency radiating sheet (25) is arranged on the first surface of the high-frequency differential feed substrate, a differential feed line reference ground (211) which is in contact with the reflecting plate (1) is arranged on the second surface of the high-frequency differential feed substrate, and the high-frequency differential feed line (210) and the differential feed line reference ground (211) form a microstrip transmission line; the high-frequency radiation piece (25) is provided with a feed point (251) which is connected with the high-frequency differential feed circuit (210), so that the high-frequency differential feed circuit (210) feeds the high-frequency radiation piece (25).
3. The dual band patch antenna radiating element according to claim 2, further comprising a high frequency guiding patch (5) disposed directly above the high frequency radiating patch (25), wherein the high frequency guiding patch (5) is collinear with the center of the high frequency radiating patch (25).
4. The dual band patch antenna radiating element according to claim 2, wherein the low band radiator (3) further comprises a low band radiating substrate (32), a low band radiating patch (33), and a low band feeding patch (34), the center of the low band radiating substrate (32) is collinear with the center of the high band radiating patch (25), the low band radiating patch (33) is disposed on the bottom surface of the low band radiating substrate (32), the low band feeding patch (34) is disposed on the top surface of the low band radiating substrate (32), and the low band feeding patch (34) feeds the low band radiating patch (33) by coupling; the high-frequency selection surface (31) is arranged on the bottom surface of the low-frequency radiation substrate (32) and is correspondingly arranged on the plane where the low-frequency radiation sheet (33) is located.
5. The dual-frequency blended antenna radiation unit according to claim 4, wherein the high-frequency radiation sheet (25) and the high-frequency guide sheet (5) are respectively provided with a through groove (13); the feed cable (4) is a low-frequency feed coaxial cable, penetrates through the through grooves of the high-frequency radiation sheet (25) and the high-frequency guide sheet (5), and two ends of the feed cable are respectively connected with the differential feed line reference ground (211) and the low-frequency feed sheet (34).
6. The dual-frequency integrated antenna radiation unit according to claim 5, wherein the high-frequency differential feed line (210) is a dual-polarized feed line, and is a positive polarized high-frequency differential feed line and a negative polarized high-frequency differential feed line, respectively, and the high-frequency radiation patch (25) is connected with the positive polarized high-frequency differential feed line and the negative polarized high-frequency differential feed line by four feed points (251), respectively; the low-frequency feed coaxial cables are provided with two groups, namely a first low-frequency feed coaxial cable (41) and a second low-frequency feed coaxial cable (42); the low-frequency feed coaxial cables are characterized in that the low-frequency feed pieces (34) correspond to the two sets of low-frequency feed coaxial cables and are respectively a first low-frequency feed piece (341) and a second low-frequency feed piece (342), one end of the first low-frequency feed coaxial cable (41) is connected with a single feed point of the first low-frequency feed piece (341), one end of the second low-frequency feed coaxial cable (42) is connected with a single feed point of the second low-frequency feed piece (342), and the other ends of the first low-frequency feed coaxial cable (41) and the second low-frequency feed coaxial cable (42) are respectively connected with a single feed point of a differential feed circuit reference ground (211).
7. The dual-frequency fusion antenna radiation unit according to claim 6, wherein the low-frequency radiation pieces (33) are provided in four groups, and the four groups of low-frequency radiation pieces (33) are symmetrically distributed in a Chinese character 'tian' shape along the center of the low-frequency radiation substrate (32), and are respectively a first low-frequency radiation piece (331), a second low-frequency radiation piece (332), a third low-frequency radiation piece (333) and a fourth low-frequency radiation piece (334); four groups of high-frequency selection surfaces (31) are arranged, and the four groups of high-frequency selection surfaces (31) correspond to the four groups of low-frequency radiation pieces (33) one by one; the first low-frequency feeding sheet (341) is correspondingly arranged above the third low-frequency radiating sheet (333), and the second low-frequency feeding sheet (342) is correspondingly arranged above the fourth low-frequency radiating sheet (334).
8. The dual-band fused antenna radiating element according to claim 7, wherein the outer conductor of one end of the first low-frequency feed coaxial cable (41) is connected to the first low-frequency radiating patch (331), the inner conductor of the same end is connected to the first low-frequency feed patch (341), and the outer conductor of the other end is connected to the differential feed line reference ground (211); the outer conductor of one end of the second low-frequency feed coaxial cable (42) is connected with the second low-frequency radiating plate (332), the inner conductor of the same end is connected with the second low-frequency feed plate (342), and the outer conductor of the other end is connected with the differential feed line reference ground (211).
9. The dual-frequency fusion antenna radiation unit according to claim 4, wherein a metal suspension post is arranged at the diagonal of the low-frequency radiation patch (33).
10. The dual-band fused antenna radiating element according to any one of claims 4 to 9, further comprising a support (7), wherein the support (7) comprises a first plastic post group and a second plastic post group, one end of the first plastic post group is fixedly connected to the low-frequency radiating substrate (32), and the other end of the first plastic post group is fixedly connected to the reflecting plate (1); one end of the second plastic screw column group is fixedly connected with the high-frequency radiation sheet (25), and the other end of the second plastic screw column group is fixedly connected with the high-frequency guide sheet (5).
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| CN202210027594.XA CN114464989A (en) | 2022-01-11 | 2022-01-11 | Dual-frequency fusion antenna radiation unit |
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Cited By (1)
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| WO2024175190A1 (en) * | 2023-02-22 | 2024-08-29 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Radiator, antenna, mobile communication base station as well as user device |
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