CN114449457B - Data transmission method, node equipment and system based on chain network - Google Patents
Data transmission method, node equipment and system based on chain network Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/06—Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/10—Flow control between communication endpoints
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
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Abstract
The invention relates to a data transmission method, node equipment and a system based on a chain network, wherein the data transmission method based on the chain network comprises the following steps: after receiving the first data packet, analyzing the first data packet to obtain a transmission direction and a first node address of node equipment for transmitting the first data packet, wherein a plurality of node equipment are arranged in a chain manner, and the node addresses of the plurality of node equipment are increased or decreased in a single direction; judging whether the node address of the node is matched with the transmission direction according to the first node address and the node address of the node; if so, generating a second data packet according to the transmission direction and the node address of the second data packet; and broadcasting the second data packet. By implementing the technical scheme of the invention, any networking flow is not needed, node equipment can perform any data transmission at any time, and no time for network initialization and reestablishment is needed; the gateway does not need to manage any routing information; the node equipment does not need to construct routing table information, and the node equipment has low power consumption and short transmission delay.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of internet of things, and in particular, to a data transmission method, node device, and system based on a chain network.
Background
In the internet of things, for example, a high-voltage transmission line network, a petroleum pipe network, a highway network and the like, data transmission is a vital link in various data acquisition systems, a data transmission mode gradually develops from a wired mode to a wireless mode, and compared with the wired transmission mode, the wireless transmission mode has the advantages of low comprehensive cost, stable performance, easiness in expansion and the like, and can break through the application limit in a complex geographic environment, so that the wireless data transmission network which is easy to realize and has high reliability occupies a significant position in the data transmission field.
At present, for a wireless transmission mode, a special data transmission network needs to be established in advance and a set of routing mechanism needs to be established, so that the networking process is complicated, and each node needs to have a function of calculating a route, so that the power consumption is high and the wireless transmission method is not suitable for low-power-consumption application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of complicated networking and high route calculation power consumption in the prior art and provides a data transmission method, node equipment and system based on a chain network.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a data transmission method based on a chain network is constructed, which is applied to node equipment and comprises the following steps:
S10, after a first data packet is received, analyzing the first data packet to obtain a transmission direction and a first node address of node equipment for sending the first data packet, wherein a plurality of node equipment are arranged in a chain manner, and the node addresses of the plurality of node equipment are increased or decreased in a single direction;
S20, judging whether the node address of the self is matched with the transmission direction according to the first node address and the node address of the self;
S30, if the data packet is matched, generating a second data packet according to the transmission direction and the node address of the second data packet;
And S40, broadcasting the second data packet.
Preferably, between the step S30 and the step S40, further includes:
s50, calculating a difference value between the node address of the user and the first node address, and determining delay time according to the difference value, wherein the difference value is inversely related to the delay time;
Step S40 includes:
and waiting the delay time, and broadcasting the second data packet when the delay time arrives.
Preferably, in the step S50, determining a delay time according to the difference value includes:
and inquiring delay time corresponding to the difference value from a preset delay table according to the difference value, wherein the delay table comprises a plurality of address intervals and delay times corresponding to the address intervals respectively.
Preferably, between the step S10 and the step S20, further includes:
Step S60, judging whether a route stopping condition is met, if not, executing step S20; if yes, stopping the routing.
Preferably, the step S10 further includes: obtaining a second node address of the target node device by analyzing the first data packet;
Further, the step S60 includes:
judging whether the node address of the node is the same as the second node address, if not, executing step S20; if yes, stopping the routing.
Preferably, the step S10 further includes: analyzing the first data packet to obtain a maximum rank order and a current rank order;
Further, the step S60 includes:
Judging whether the current rank number is equal to the maximum rank number, if not, executing a step S20; if yes, stopping routing;
In the step S20, generating a second data packet according to the transmission direction and the node address thereof, including:
and adding 1 to the current rank sequence number, and generating a second data packet according to the transmission direction, the node address of the second data packet and the new current order number.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
If a third data packet sent by other node equipment is received within the delay time and the data content of the third data packet is the same as the data content of a second data packet to be sent by the node equipment, judging whether the current order number of the third data packet is more than or equal to the current rank number of the second data packet to be sent by the node equipment;
and if the data packet is more than or equal to the second data packet, stopping broadcasting the second data packet.
Preferably, before the step S10, the method further includes:
Periodically waking up and listening to a data packet transmitted wirelessly in the air, wherein the data packet comprises a wake-up code and a data frame, and the receiving duration of the wake-up code is greater than or equal to a wake-up period.
The invention also constructs a node device comprising a processor and a memory storing a computer program, the processor implementing the data transmission method described above when executing the computer program.
The invention also constructs a data transmission system based on a chain network, comprising:
The node equipment comprises a plurality of node equipment which are arranged in a chain manner, wherein node addresses of the plurality of node equipment are increased or decreased in a single direction, and the node equipment is the node equipment;
And (5) a gateway.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the node equipment can perform random transmission at any time without any networking and without time of network initialization and reestablishment;
2. The gateway does not need to manage any routing information;
3. the node equipment does not need routing table information, does not need any father-son node information, and does not need to specify a next-stage destination address when the node equipment transmits information, so that the power consumption of the node equipment can be reduced;
4. The node does not need a successful confirmation mechanism for data transmission with the next node, so that the success of data transmission can be automatically ensured, and the channel utilization rate is improved by 1 time;
5. The method does not need a data successful confirmation and retransmission mechanism, has a short transmission delay, is particularly suitable for low-power battery-powered node equipment, and saves more than 1 time of transmission power consumption.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art. In the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a first embodiment of a data transmission method based on a chain network according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a second embodiment of a data transmission method based on a chain network according to the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a logic block diagram of a first embodiment of a data transmission system based on a chain network according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The application constructs a data transmission method based on a chain network in order to solve the technical problems of complex node networking process and high node calculation routing power consumption in the Internet of things. First, in a high-voltage power transmission line network, a petroleum pipe network, an expressway network, or the like, a plurality of node devices are provided, and the plurality of node devices are arranged in a chain shape along the high-voltage power transmission line, the petroleum pipe network, the expressway, or the like, to constitute a chain-like network. The node device may be, for example, a sensing/detecting/controlling device, and has a wireless transceiver module, powered by a battery, and a unique node address. The node addresses of the plurality of node devices are incremented or decremented in a single direction. In addition, the chain network is also provided with a plurality of gateways, the gateways do not participate in routing, and only data interaction is performed between the node equipment and the user. The gateway can adopt transmission modes such as serial ports, network ports, 4G, WIFI, bluetooth and the like to interact data with the user.
When the source node device needs to transmit data, a data packet (with a transmission direction and its own node address) is generated and broadcast, so that as long as other node devices within the range of the current initiating wireless transmission signal can receive the data packet. And for the node equipment receiving the data packet, analyzing the received data packet, judging whether the node address of the node equipment is matched with the transmission direction, thereby determining whether to continue to route the data packet, if the node address also meets the requirement of routing the data packet, generating a new data packet (with the transmission direction and the node address of the node equipment), and broadcasting the new data packet to circulate.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a first embodiment of a data transmission method based on a chain network, where the data transmission method is applied to a node device, and specifically includes the following steps:
S10, after a first data packet is received, analyzing the first data packet to obtain a transmission direction and a first node address of node equipment for sending the first data packet, wherein a plurality of node equipment are arranged in a chain manner, and the node addresses of the plurality of node equipment are increased or decreased in a single direction;
In this step, it should be noted that, when generating a data packet, the source node device or the intermediate routing node device has its own node address and a preset transmission direction, for example, an address increment or an address decrement. Thus, for the node device that receives the data packet (first data packet), the data packet is first parsed, so that the transmission direction and the node address of the node device that transmits the data packet can be obtained.
S20, judging whether the node address of the self is matched with the transmission direction according to the first node address and the node address of the self;
In this step, it is first determined that the transmission direction is the address increasing direction or the address decreasing direction, then it is determined whether the transmission direction is matched according to the own node address and the first node address (the node address of the node device sending the data packet), if so, the route transmission can be continued, otherwise, the route is stopped.
S30, if the data packet is matched, generating a second data packet according to the transmission direction and the node address of the second data packet;
in this step, when the node address of the node device matches the transmission direction, the node device continues to participate in the routing, and a new packet (second packet) is generated, and the generated new packet has the transmission direction and its own node address.
And S40, broadcasting the second data packet.
In this step, it should be noted that, after the node device broadcasts the second data packet, since the node device that transmits the first data packet is also within the signal transmission range of the node device, it may also receive the second data packet, thereby confirming that the first data packet has been successfully transmitted, and if the second data packet is not received within the set time, it may be determined that the transmission of the first data packet has failed, and further retransmission may be performed. The mechanism can replace the existing ACK acknowledgement return mechanism, not only ensures the success of data transmission, but also greatly saves more than 1 time of transmission delay and improves the network transmission capacity.
In the technical solution of this embodiment, the following beneficial effects exist:
1. the node equipment can perform random transmission at any time without any networking and without time of network initialization and reestablishment;
2. The gateway does not need to manage any routing information;
3. the node equipment does not need routing table information, any father and son node information, and the node equipment does not need to specify the next-stage destination address for transmitting information;
4. The node does not need a successful confirmation mechanism for data transmission with the next node, so that the success of data transmission can be automatically ensured, and the channel utilization rate is improved by 1 time;
5. the method does not need a data successful confirmation and retransmission mechanism, has a short transmission delay, is particularly suitable for low-power battery-powered node equipment, has a small transmission delay, and saves more than 1 time of transmission power consumption.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a second embodiment of a data transmission method based on a chain network according to the present invention, which is different from the embodiment shown in fig. 1 in that: between the step S30 and the step S40, further includes: s50, calculating a difference value between the node address of the user and the first node address, and determining delay time according to the difference value, wherein the difference value is inversely related to the delay time. Step S40 includes: and waiting the delay time, and broadcasting the second data packet when the delay time arrives. By the technical scheme of the embodiment, on one hand, data retransmission is not needed, network performance degradation caused by network storm and even network paralysis can be avoided, and meanwhile, the success rate of data transmission is ensured; on the other hand, the routing transfer times of the data packet can be reduced, so that the transmission delay is greatly saved, and the network transmission capacity is improved.
Further, the delay time may be determined according to the following manner: and inquiring delay time corresponding to the difference value from a preset delay table according to the difference value, wherein the delay table comprises a plurality of address intervals and delay times corresponding to the address intervals respectively.
In one embodiment, four address intervals D1, D2, D3, D4 and corresponding delay times t1, t2, t3, t4 are set, respectively, wherein D1> D2> D3> D4, t1< t2< t3< t4. When the transmission directions are matched, judging whether the difference value (interval) between the node address of the node and the node address of the data packet transmitted at the time is D1, if so, delaying t1 line and then transmitting; if not, judging whether the interval between the node address of the node and the node address of the data packet sent at the time is D2, if so, delaying t2 and transmitting; if not, judging whether the interval between the node address of the node and the node address of the data packet sent at the time is D3, if so, delaying t3 lines and then transmitting; if not, judging whether the interval between the node address of the node and the node address of the data packet sent at the time is D4, if so, delaying t4 lines and then transmitting. Finally, it should be noted that D1, D2, D3, D4 may be configured according to the environment of the field wireless transmission, and of course, in other embodiments, other numbers of address intervals may be configured. In addition, the times of t1, t2, t3, t4 may be set to the sum of the wake-up period and the multiple of the packet transmission time.
The embodiment shown in fig. 2 also differs from the embodiment shown in fig. 1 in that: between step S10 and step S20, further comprising: step S60, judging whether a route stopping condition is met, if not, executing step S20; if yes, stopping the routing.
Further, in an alternative embodiment, if the type of the data packet is node-to-node, i.e., from one node device to another, then it may be determined whether to stop the routing based on the destination node address in the data packet. Specifically, step S10 further includes: and obtaining the second node address of the target node equipment by analyzing the first data packet. Further, step S60 includes: judging whether the node address of the node is the same as the second node address, if not, executing step S20; if yes, stopping the routing. In this embodiment, the second node address of the target node device is included in the data packet, and for each node device that receives the data packet, whether to stop the routing may be determined by comparing whether the own node address is consistent with the second node address, and if not, it is indicated that the data is not addressed to itself, and at this time, the routing needs to be continued; if the specification data is consistent, the specification data is addressed to itself, and the routing should be stopped at this time.
Further, in an alternative embodiment, if the type of the data packet is node-to-user, i.e. from a node device to a gateway, it may be determined whether to stop the routing according to a maximum order number in the data packet, where the maximum order number may be configured according to a wireless transmission distance of the field environment, a location of the gateway, and a minimum delay required for transmission of the data network. Specifically, step S10 further includes: and analyzing the first data packet to obtain a maximum rank order and a current rank order. Further, step S60 includes: judging whether the current rank number is equal to the maximum rank number, if not, executing a step S20; if yes, stopping the routing. In addition, in step S20, a second data packet is generated according to the transmission direction and the node address thereof, including: and adding 1 to the current rank sequence number, and generating a second data packet according to the transmission direction, the node address of the second data packet and the new current order number. In this embodiment, the rank of the node address that initiates the wireless transmission signal for the first time is 1, and when the node device participating in the routing generates the data packet, the rank of the transmission is added with 1. And when the current order number is equal to the maximum rank order number, the node equipment does not continue to route the data packet.
Further, in an alternative embodiment, the data transmission method based on the chain network of the present invention further includes: if a third data packet sent by other node equipment is received within the delay time of waiting for transmitting the data packet, and the data content of the third data packet is the same as the data content of a second data packet to be transmitted by the node equipment, judging whether the current order number of the third data packet is more than or equal to the current rank number of the second data packet to be transmitted by the node equipment; and if the data packet is more than or equal to the second data packet, stopping broadcasting the second data packet. In this embodiment, if the node device waiting for the routing transmission receives the same data packet transmitted by other node devices, when the order number of the data packet is greater than or equal to the order number of the data packet waiting for the routing transmission, the node device waiting for the routing transmission immediately exits the routing transmission, so that unnecessary data retransmission can be further reduced, and a network storm is avoided.
In a specific embodiment, if at a certain moment, node device a sends a data packet, all 100 node devices within the signal transmission range of the node device a receive the data packet, and the 100 node devices determine whether to continue to route the data packet by determining whether their own node addresses match with the transmission directions in the data packet. Assuming that only 50 node addresses of the node devices are matched with the transmission direction, the 50 node devices respectively generate new data packets, and after generating the new data packets, respectively calculate address differences between own node addresses and node addresses of the node device A, and determine respective delay times according to the respective address differences, so that the 50 node devices in the system are waiting for transmitting the respective data packets. In addition, the node addresses of the 50 node devices are different, the waiting delay time is also different, and the node device with larger address difference (the distance from the node device A is further) has shorter waiting delay time, so that the data packet is forwarded first. Assuming that the delay time for node B waiting is the shortest, a data packet is sent first, and at this time, other node devices, except node B, of the 50 node devices, that wait for transmitting the respective data packet also receive the data packet, and of course, node B and other node devices will also receive the data packet. The 49 node devices determine that the data content of the received data packet is the same as the data content of the data packet to be transmitted, and the current order number of the received data packet is equal to the current rank number of the data packet to be transmitted, so that broadcasting of the data packet to be transmitted is stopped. Thus, retransmission of data can be avoided, and the number of times of routing transfer of the data packet can be reduced.
Further, in an alternative embodiment, before step S10, the method further includes: periodically waking up and listening to a data packet transmitted wirelessly in the air, wherein the data packet comprises a wake-up code and a data frame, and the receiving duration of the wake-up code is greater than or equal to a wake-up period. In this embodiment, any node device may initiate a frame of wireless transmission signal at any time, where the data packet is composed of a wake-up code and a data frame, and a reception duration of the wake-up code is greater than or equal to a wake-up period. In addition, the node device can monitor the wireless transmission signal in the air with the preset channel frequency, and the receiving duration of the wake-up code is greater than or equal to the wake-up period, so that any one data packet can not be missed.
The present invention also constructs a node apparatus comprising a processor and a memory storing a computer program, the processor implementing the data transmission method described above when executing the computer program.
Fig. 3 is a logic structure diagram of a first embodiment of a data transmission system based on a chain network according to the present invention, where the data transmission system based on a chain network includes a plurality of node devices 11, 12, 13, …, 14 arranged in a chain, and further includes gateways 21, 22, and node addresses of the plurality of node devices 11, 12, 13, …, 14 are incremented or decremented in a single direction, and the logic structure of the node devices may be described in the foregoing, which is not repeated herein.
The data transmission system based on the chain network of the embodiment can be applied to a high-voltage transmission line network, a petroleum pipe network, an expressway network and the like, and a plurality of node devices 11, 12, 13, …, 14 are arranged along the chain of the high-voltage transmission line network, the petroleum pipe network, the expressway and the like to form the chain network. The node devices 11, 12, 13, …, 14 may be, for example, sensing/detecting/controlling devices, and have wireless transceiver modules, battery powered, and unique node addresses. The node addresses of the plurality of node devices 11, 12, 13, …, 14 are incremented or decremented in a single direction. In addition, the gateways 21 and 22 do not participate in routing, and only perform data interaction between the node devices and the users. The gateways 21 and 22 can use serial ports, network ports, 4G, WIFI, bluetooth and other transmission modes to interact data with users.
The data packet, whether the data packet is generated by the source node device or the data packet is generated by the route node device, includes, but is not limited to, the node address of the node device that initiates the transmission for the first time by the signal, the node address of the node device that is routed this time, the rank order of the route this time, and the maximum order of the network transmission.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any such modifications, equivalents, and improvements that fall within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be covered by the following claims.
Claims (7)
1. The data transmission method based on the chain network is applied to node equipment and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S10, after a first data packet is received, analyzing the first data packet to obtain a transmission direction, a maximum rank order, a current rank order and a first node address of node equipment for transmitting the first data packet, wherein a plurality of node equipment are arranged in a chain manner, and the node addresses of the plurality of node equipment are increased or decreased in a single direction;
Step S60, judging whether a route stopping condition is met, if not, executing step S20; if yes, stopping routing;
S20, judging whether the node address of the self is matched with the transmission direction according to the first node address and the node address of the self;
s30, if the sequence numbers are matched, adding 1 to the current sequence number, and generating a second data packet according to the transmission direction, the node address of the second data packet and the new current sequence number;
S50, calculating a difference value between the node address of the user and the first node address, and determining delay time according to the difference value, wherein the difference value is inversely related to the delay time; s40, waiting for the delay time, and broadcasting the second data packet when the delay time arrives;
The step S60 includes:
judging whether the current rank number is equal to the maximum rank number, if not, executing a step S20; if yes, stopping the routing.
2. The method for transmitting data based on a chain network according to claim 1, wherein in the step S50, determining a delay time according to the difference value includes:
and inquiring delay time corresponding to the difference value from a preset delay table according to the difference value, wherein the delay table comprises a plurality of address intervals and delay times corresponding to the address intervals respectively.
3. The method for transmitting data based on a chain network according to claim 1, wherein the step S10 further comprises: obtaining a second node address of the target node device by analyzing the first data packet;
Further, the step S60 includes:
judging whether the node address of the node is the same as the second node address, if not, executing step S20; if yes, stopping the routing.
4. The method for data transmission based on a chain network according to claim 1, further comprising:
If a third data packet sent by other node equipment is received within the delay time and the data content of the third data packet is the same as the data content of a second data packet to be sent by the node equipment, judging whether the current order number of the third data packet is more than or equal to the current rank number of the second data packet to be sent by the node equipment;
and if the data packet is more than or equal to the second data packet, stopping broadcasting the second data packet.
5. The method for data transmission based on a chain network according to claim 1, further comprising, before said step S10:
Periodically waking up and listening to a data packet transmitted wirelessly in the air, wherein the data packet comprises a wake-up code and a data frame, and the receiving duration of the wake-up code is greater than or equal to a wake-up period.
6. A node device comprising a processor and a memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor implements the data transmission method according to any of claims 1-5 when executing the computer program.
7. A data transmission system based on a chain network, comprising:
a plurality of node devices arranged in a chain, and node addresses of the plurality of node devices are increased or decreased in a single direction, wherein the node devices are the node devices according to claim 6;
And (5) a gateway.
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