CN114438271A - Metal smelting device and steelmaking production line - Google Patents
Metal smelting device and steelmaking production line Download PDFInfo
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- CN114438271A CN114438271A CN202210128799.7A CN202210128799A CN114438271A CN 114438271 A CN114438271 A CN 114438271A CN 202210128799 A CN202210128799 A CN 202210128799A CN 114438271 A CN114438271 A CN 114438271A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/068—Decarburising
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a metal smelting device and a steel-making production line. Because the first channel for liquid metal circulation is arranged between the second chamber and the first chamber, metal oxide is reduced in the first chamber, then the liquid metal is heated through the heating area, heat energy continuously supplies heat to the reduced metal in the first chamber through the liquid metal, when the temperature of the metal reaches a melting point, the metal can be melted into the liquid metal in the first chamber, and after the liquid metal flows into the melting area, the impurity content in molten metal is reduced through blowing and adding furnace materials in the melting area, so that the liquid metal is subjected to impurity removal to obtain the metal with higher purity. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the required metal can be continuously and directly produced by metal smelting, and further reheating brought by transferring is not needed, so that the total energy consumption required by metal smelting can be effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal smelting, in particular to a metal smelting device and a steel-making production line.
Background
At present, 4 kinds of iron-making methods mainly comprise blast furnace iron-making, direct reduced iron, molten reduced iron and plasma melting reduction, and the steel-making mainly comprises electric furnace and converter steel-making. Wherein, blast furnace iron making, smelting reduced iron and plasma iron making are all converter steelmaking, and direct reduced iron is converter steelmaking.
The discharge amount of carbon dioxide in the iron-making process of blast furnace iron-making, smelting reduction iron and plasma smelting reduction is large, the requirement of reducing the discharge amount of carbon dioxide at present is not met, the current iron-making and steel-making processes are separated, and the separation of iron-making and steel-making can lead to higher total energy consumption of steel-making and further needs larger investment, so that a metal smelting device which has low energy consumption and low discharge amount of carbon dioxide and can realize the integration of iron-making and steel-making is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the invention provides a metal smelting device and a steel-making production line, so as to solve the problems of high energy consumption and large carbon dioxide emission caused by separation of steel making and iron making in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
the invention discloses in a first aspect a metal melting apparatus comprising: a first chamber, a second chamber, and a third chamber;
the second chamber is positioned on one side of the first chamber, a first channel communicated with the first chamber is arranged in the second chamber, and the first channel is used for liquid metal to flow between the first chamber and the second chamber;
the first chamber is used for introducing reducing gas to reduce the oxidized metal and melt the solid;
the second chamber is a heating zone and is used for heating the liquid metal;
the third chamber is a smelting area and is communicated with the second chamber or the first chamber, and the third chamber is used for removing impurities from the liquid metal.
Preferably, the third chamber is positioned on one side of the second chamber, the third chamber is provided with a second channel communicated with the second chamber, and the second channel is used for enabling the liquid metal to flow into the third chamber from the second chamber;
or the third chamber is positioned on one side of the first chamber.
Preferably, the upper part of the first chamber is a reduction area, and the lower part of the first chamber is a melting area;
the second chamber and the third chamber share a side wall, and the first channel is positioned at the bottom of the side wall.
Preferably, the melting area is positioned on the first side of the reduction area, and a feed inlet is formed above the second side of the reduction area;
the metal melting apparatus further comprises: the material conveying device is arranged in the first cavity;
the feed end of the material conveying device is arranged below the feed opening, and the discharge end is arranged above the melting area.
Preferably, the reduction area is provided with an air inlet for the entry of the reduction gas and an air outlet for the discharge of the reduction gas.
Preferably, the side wall of the melting zone is provided with a slag hole capable of being opened and closed, and the slag hole is positioned at the upper part of the side wall of the melting zone.
Preferably, the inner linings of the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber are made of refractory materials.
Preferably, the bottom of the smelting zone is provided with a discharge hole.
Preferably, the heating zone is heated using an arc heating device comprising an electrode and an electric furnace transformer.
Preferably, the number of the second chambers is multiple, and the number of the third chambers is the same as that of the second chambers.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: a first separator and a second separator;
the first partition plate is longitudinally arranged at the bottom of the second chamber;
the second partition plate is longitudinally arranged at the top of the second chamber and is positioned between the first partition plate and the heating zone; the sum of the height of the first partition plate and the height of the second partition plate is larger than the height of the second chamber, and the height of the first partition plate and the height of the second partition plate are both smaller than the height of the second chamber.
Preferably, the number of smelting zones is plural.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: a gate;
a diversion trench is arranged between the smelting zone and the heating zone;
the gate is arranged in the diversion trench.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: a blowing device used for blowing air to the smelting area and a charging device used for charging materials.
Preferably, the first chamber is formed by a first sub-chamber and a second sub-chamber;
the metal smelting device further comprises: valves and piping;
the first sub-chamber is a reduction zone, and the second sub-chamber is a melting zone;
the first sub-chamber is connected with the second sub-chamber through a pipeline;
the valve is arranged on the pipeline.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: an air duct;
the gas guide pipe is used for guiding reducing gas into the liquid metal oxide to reduce the liquid metal oxide.
The second aspect of the invention discloses a steel-making production line, comprising: a refining furnace, a tundish, a continuous casting machine and a metal smelting apparatus disclosed in the first aspect of the present invention;
the feed inlet of the refining furnace is connected with the metal discharge port of the metal smelting device through a diversion trench, and the discharge port is connected with the feed inlet of the intermediate tank through the diversion trench;
the feed inlet of the continuous casting machine is connected with the discharge outlet of the intermediate tank.
According to the metal smelting device and the steel-making production line, the second chamber is arranged on one side of the first chamber, and a first channel for liquid metal to flow is formed in the contact position of the second chamber and the first chamber; the first chamber is used for introducing reducing gas to reduce metal oxide and melt reduced solid, the second chamber is arranged to be a heating area for heating liquid metal, the third chamber is arranged to be a melting area for removing impurities from the liquid metal and communicated with the second chamber or the first chamber, because a first channel for liquid metal to flow is arranged between the second chamber and the first chamber, the metal oxide is reduced into metal through the first chamber, then the liquid metal is heated through the heating area, heat energy continuously supplies heat to the reduced metal through the liquid metal in the first chamber, when the temperature of the metal reaches a melting point, the metal can be melted into the liquid metal in the first chamber, and after the liquid metal flows into the melting area, the impurity content in the liquid metal is reduced through blowing gas and adding furnace burden in the melting area, thereby smelting the molten metal into liquid metal with higher purity. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the metal smelting is continuous, the needed metal can be directly produced, and the metal is not required to be heated again in a transferring manner, so that the total energy consumption required by metal smelting can be effectively reduced, and the carbon dioxide emission is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal smelting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a metal smelting apparatus having a plurality of second chambers and a plurality of third chambers according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a metal smelting apparatus having a plurality of smelting zones according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top plan view of a metal melting apparatus provided with a plurality of melting zones in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a metal smelting apparatus in which the reduction zone is horizontal or inclined according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal smelting device with a reduction zone and a heating zone connected through a valve and a pipeline, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a metal smelting apparatus having a reduction zone corresponding to a plurality of melting zones, heating zones and smelting zones in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of another metal melting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a steelmaking line according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a top view of a steelmaking line according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The system comprises a first chamber 1, a reduction area 11, an air inlet 111, an air outlet 112, a feed inlet 113, a valve 114, a material conveying device 115, an air duct 116, a melting area 12 and a slag outlet 121; a second chamber 21, a third chamber 22, a discharge port 221, a first partition plate 23, and a second partition plate 24; electrode 31, electric furnace transformer 32; a gate 4; a diversion trench 5; the blowing device 6 and the feeding device 3;
a refining furnace 7, a middle tank 8 and a continuous casting machine 9.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In this application, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a metal smelting device, referring to fig. 1 to 8, where fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the metal smelting device, and the metal smelting device includes: a first chamber 1, a second chamber 21 and a third chamber 22;
the second chamber 21 is positioned at one side of the first chamber 1, the second chamber 21 is provided with a first channel communicated with the first chamber 1, and the first channel is used for the liquid metal to flow between the first chamber 1 and the second chamber 21;
the first chamber 1 is used for introducing reducing gas to reduce the oxidized metal and melt the solid;
the second chamber 21 is a heating zone for heating the liquid metal;
the third chamber 22 is a smelting zone, the third chamber 22 is communicated with the second chamber 21 or the first chamber 1, and the third chamber 22 is used for removing impurities from the liquid metal.
It should be noted that the second chamber 21 is disposed at one side of the first chamber 1, and a first channel for flowing the liquid metal is disposed between the second chamber 21 and the first chamber 1; the first chamber 1 is used for introducing reducing gas to reduce metal oxide and melt solid, the second chamber 21 is arranged as a heating area for heating liquid metal, the third chamber 22 is arranged as a melting area for removing impurities from the liquid metal, and the third chamber 22 is communicated with the second chamber 21 or the first chamber 1. As a first passage for liquid metal to flow is arranged between the second chamber 21 and the first chamber 1, the metal oxide is reduced into metal through the first chamber 1, then the liquid metal is heated through the heating area, heat energy continuously supplies heat to the reduced metal through the liquid metal in the first chamber 1, when the temperature of the metal reaches a melting point, the metal can be melted into the liquid metal in the first chamber 1, and after the liquid metal flows into the melting area, the impurity content in the liquid metal is reduced through blowing gas and adding furnace burden in the melting area, thereby smelting the molten metal into liquid metal with higher purity. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the metal smelting is continuous, the needed metal can be directly produced, and the metal is not required to be heated again in a transferring manner, so that the total energy consumption required by metal smelting can be effectively reduced, and the carbon dioxide emission is reduced.
For the convenience of understanding, the following will be exemplified by steel making, wherein the pelletized iron oxide is reduced into sponge iron by the first chamber 1, then the molten iron is heated by the heating zone, heat energy is continuously supplied to the sponge iron by the molten iron in the first chamber 1, when the temperature of the sponge iron reaches the melting point, the first chamber 1 of the sponge iron can be melted into molten iron, and after the molten iron flows into the melting zone, the carbon content and impurities in the molten iron are reduced by blowing oxygen and adding charging materials in the melting zone, so that the molten iron is further refined into liquid steel. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that steel making is directly carried out after iron making, total energy consumption required by steel making can be effectively reduced, and carbon dioxide emission is reduced.
It should be noted that, before the primary production, pig iron or scrap steel is melted by the heating zone, so that the heating zone and the bottom of the first chamber 1 form a liquid molten pool, and the gas circulation of the heating zone and the first chamber 1 is blocked.
It is noted that the present application enables the evacuation of the air inside the first chamber 1 by charging the first chamber 1 with nitrogen before production.
Specifically, the third chamber 22 is located at one side of the second chamber 21, the third chamber 22 is provided with a second channel communicated with the second chamber 21, and the second channel is used for liquid metal to flow into the third chamber 22 from the second chamber 21;
alternatively, the third chamber 22 is located on one side of the first chamber 1.
It should be noted that, the third chamber 22 is disposed on one side of the second chamber 21, so that the distance between the third chamber 22 and the second chamber 21 can be shortened, the liquid metal can rapidly flow into the third chamber 22 from the second chamber 21, the production efficiency of the metal can be improved, and the third chamber 22 is disposed on one side of the first chamber 1, and similarly, after the solid metal is melted, the obtained liquid metal can rapidly flow into the third chamber 22 from the first chamber 1, and the production efficiency of the metal can be improved.
Specifically, the upper part of the first chamber 1 is a reduction zone 11, and the lower part is a melting zone 12;
the second chamber 21 and the third chamber 22 share a side wall, and the first passage is located at the bottom of the side wall.
It should be noted that, the upper portion of the first chamber 1 is set as the reduction region 11, the lower portion of the first chamber 1 is set as the melting region 12, and the first channel is disposed at the bottom of a common side wall of the second chamber 21 and the third chamber 22, which can facilitate the circulation of the liquid metal, and further facilitate the liquid metal transferring heat energy to the melting region to melt the solid metal, thereby reducing the heat energy loss.
Specifically, referring to fig. 5, the melting zone 12 is located on a first side of the reduction zone 11, and a feed inlet 113 is formed above a second side of the reduction zone 11;
the metal melting apparatus further comprises: a material transporter 115 disposed in the first chamber 1;
the material conveying device 115 has a feeding end arranged below the feeding port 113 and a discharging end arranged above the melting area 12.
It should be noted that, according to the above-disclosed embodiment, after the metal oxide is fed from the feeding port 113, the metal oxide falls into the feeding end of the material transporting device 115, the material transporting device 115 transports the metal oxide from the feeding end to above the melting zone 12 and then falls into the melting zone 12, and the reducing gas is reduced into metal during the transportation process of the material transporting device 115 and before the metal oxide falls into the melting zone 12.
It should be noted that the reduction region 11 may be disposed horizontally or may be disposed in an inclined configuration.
Further, the reduction area 11 is provided with an air inlet 111 for the entry of the reduction gas and an air outlet 112 for the discharge of the reduction gas.
It should be noted that, by providing the air inlet 111 for the entry of the reducing gas and the air outlet 112 for the exit of the reducing gas, the filling of the reducing region 11 with the reducing gas and the discharge of the reducing gas can be facilitated.
It should be noted that, when the reducing gas is exhausted from the reducing region 11 during the production stop, the nitrogen gas may be introduced through the air inlet 111, and the reducing gas is exhausted from the reducing region 11 through the nitrogen gas.
Further, the side wall of the melting zone 12 is provided with a slag outlet 121 which can be opened and closed, and the slag outlet 121 is positioned at the upper part of the side wall of the melting zone 12.
It should be noted that, the slag hole 121 capable of being opened and closed is formed in the side wall of the melting zone 12, and the slag hole 121 is located at the upper part of the side wall of the melting zone 12, so that the workers can conveniently clean impurities generated during smelting.
Specifically, the inner linings of the first chamber 1, the second chamber 21 and the third chamber 22 are made of refractory materials.
It should be noted that, the linings of the first chamber 1, the second chamber 21 and the third chamber 22 are made of refractory materials, so that the service life of the linings of the first chamber 1, the second chamber 21 and the third chamber 22 can be prolonged.
Preferably, the refractory material is a refractory brick.
Preferably, the reducing gas is hydrogen.
It should be noted that the use of hydrogen as the reducing gas can greatly reduce the emission of carbon dioxide, but the reducing gas is not limited to hydrogen.
The reducing gas may be hydrogen, carbon dioxide, or a mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and the reducing gas is not limited to hydrogen.
Specifically, the bottom of the smelting zone is provided with a discharge hole 221.
It should be noted that, the discharge hole 221 is formed in the bottom of the smelting zone, so that the liquid metal can flow out conveniently, and further, the required metal can be continuously produced.
It should be noted that, a person skilled in the art may set the position of the discharge port 221 according to requirements, and the discharge port 221 is not limited to the bottom of the melting zone, but may also be a side wall of the melting zone.
Specifically, the heating zone is heated by an arc heating device including an electrode 31 and an electric furnace transformer 32.
It should be noted that the heating zone is heated by using an arc heating device, and an electric transformer 32 of the arc heating device provides the electrode 31 with the required electric energy, so as to heat the liquid metal in the heating zone.
It should be noted that the heating zone may be heated by the arc heating device, or may be heated by other methods, and thus the heating zone is not limited to the heating by the arc heating device.
Further, the number of the second chambers 21 is plural, and the number of the third chambers 22 is the same as the number of the second chambers 21.
It should be noted that, the number of the second cavities 21 is set to be a plurality of, and the number of the third cavities 22 is the same as that of the second cavities 21, more heat can be transferred to the melting furnace through the liquid metal, and then the solid metal in the melting furnace can be melted rapidly, because the solid metal can be melted rapidly in the melting furnace, in order to realize continuous production, through setting up the third cavities 22 with the same number as that of the second cavities 21, the continuous processing production of the metal can be ensured, the occurrence of blockage is avoided, and the generation efficiency of the metal is improved.
Preferably, the upper portion of the first chamber 1 is opened with an openable and closable charging opening 113.
It should be noted that, by opening the feed opening 113 capable of being opened and closed on the upper portion of the first chamber 1, when the oxidized metal needs to be reduced, the feed opening 113 is closed, nitrogen is filled into the first chamber 1, air in the first chamber 1 is exhausted, then the material is added through the feed opening 113, and high-temperature reducing gas is introduced into the first chamber 1, so that the pellets are reduced into the metal.
Further, the metal smelting device still includes: a first partition 23 and a second partition 24;
the first partition plate 23 is longitudinally arranged at the bottom of the second chamber 21;
a second partition 24 is longitudinally arranged at the top of the second chamber 21, the second partition 24 is positioned between the first partition 23 and the heating zone; wherein, the sum of the height of the first clapboard 23 and the height of the second clapboard 24 is larger than the height of the second chamber 21, and the height of the first clapboard 23 and the height of the second clapboard 24 are both smaller than the height of the second chamber 21.
It should be noted that, by arranging the first partition 23 and the second partition 24, and arranging the first partition 23 longitudinally at the bottom of the second chamber 21;
a second partition 24 is longitudinally arranged at the top of the second chamber 21, the second partition 24 is positioned between the first partition 23 and the heating zone; and the sum of the height of the first partition plate 23 and the height of the second partition plate 24 is larger than the height of the second chamber 21, and both the height of the first partition plate 23 and the height of the second partition plate 24 are smaller than the height of the second chamber 21. And then make the liquid metal in the zone of heating highly be greater than can get into the smelting zone when first baffle 23 height and refine, guaranteed the zone of heating and melt the volume of the liquid metal in the zone 12, and then guaranteed that the zone of heating can be through the liquid metal continuously with solid metal melting into liquid metal, effectively guaranteed the production efficiency of required metal.
Further, the number of the smelting zones is multiple.
It should be noted that, the number of the smelting zones is set to be a plurality of, so that more liquid metal can be smelted into the metal with required impurity removal, and the production efficiency of the required metal is effectively improved.
Further, the metal smelting device still includes: a gate 4;
a diversion trench 5 is arranged between the smelting zone and the heating zone;
the gate 4 is disposed in the guiding gutter 5.
It should be noted that after the liquid metal enters the melting zone from the melting zone 12, the content of carbon and impurities in the liquid metal is reduced by blowing oxygen into the melting zone and adding furnace materials, and thus the molten metal with high purity is produced, therefore, in order to ensure the purity of the metal, a large amount of oxygen needs to be fed into the melting zone, and when the yield of the metal is too low, the liquid metal is shunted to each melting zone through the diversion trench 5, the amount of the liquid metal is small, and in order to avoid the waste of oxygen, by arranging the diversion trench 5 between the melting zone and the heating zone, then arranging the gate 4 on the diversion trench 5, the flow direction of the liquid metal can be controlled by the gate 4, and when the yield of the liquid metal is too high, the gates 4 of all the diversion trenches 5 can be opened, and when the yield of the liquid metal is too low, by closing part of the gates 4, the waste of oxygen is avoided.
Further, the metal smelting device still includes: a blowing device 6 for blowing air into the melting zone and a charging device 3 for charging material.
It should be noted that by arranging the blowing device 6, oxygen can be blown to the liquid metal in the smelting zone through the blowing device 6, and the content of carbon and impurities in the liquid metal is reduced by matching with the feeding device 3 for charging materials, so that the metal impurity removal is realized.
Further, referring to fig. 6 and 7, the first chamber 1 is composed of a first cavity and a second cavity;
the metal smelting device further comprises: valve 114 and piping;
the first cavity is a reduction area 11, and the second cavity is a melting area 12;
the first cavity is connected with the second cavity through a pipeline;
the valve 114 is disposed in the pipeline.
It should be noted that, the first cavity 1 is set as a first cavity and a plurality of second cavities, the first cavity is set as a reduction region 11, the second cavity is set as a melting region 12, the first cavity is connected with the second cavity through a pipeline, so that the reduced solid metal enters the second cavity through the pipeline to be heated and melted, the valve 114 is arranged on the pipeline, the trend of the reduced metal can be controlled by switching the valve 114, the production yield of the metal can be adjusted according to the requirement through the arrangement, the continuity and reliability of metal production are ensured, and the effect of saving the production cost can be achieved.
Further, referring to fig. 8, the metal melting apparatus further includes: an airway tube 116;
the gas duct 116 is used to introduce a reducing gas into the melt to reduce the liquid metal oxide.
It should be noted that, by providing the gas guiding tube 116, the oxidized metal may be melted first, and then the gas guiding tube guides the reducing gas into the liquid metal solution to reduce the oxidized liquid metal oxide solution, so as to accelerate the metal reduction efficiency. In a specific practical application, the air outlet end of the air guide tube can be arranged in the liquid metal solution.
Preferably, one end of the air duct 116 is connected to the bottom of the melting zone 12.
It should be noted that, one end of the gas-guide tube 116 is connected to the bottom of the melting zone 12, so that the reducing gas can be directly conveyed to the liquid metal solution, and then the metal oxide can be melted by heating first, and then the liquid metal solution is reduced, thereby shortening the metal melting time and improving the metal production efficiency.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses an iron-making production line, which comprises the following components in reference to figures 1 to 10: a metal smelting device 10, a refining furnace 7, a tundish 8 and a continuous casting machine 9;
the feed inlet of the refining furnace 7 is connected with the metal discharge port 221 of the metal smelting device 10 through the diversion trench 5, and the discharge port 221 is connected with the feed inlet of the intermediate tank 8 through the diversion trench 5;
the feed inlet of the continuous casting machine 9 is connected with the discharge outlet 221 of the intermediate tank 8;
the metal melting apparatus 10 includes: a first chamber 1, a second chamber 21 and a third chamber 22;
the second chamber 21 is positioned at one side of the first chamber 1, the second chamber 21 is provided with a first channel communicated with the first chamber 1, and the first channel is used for the liquid metal to flow between the first chamber 1 and the second chamber 21;
the first chamber 1 is used for introducing reducing gas to reduce the oxidized metal and melt the solid;
the second chamber 21 is a heating zone for heating the liquid metal;
the third chamber 22 is a smelting zone, the third chamber 22 is communicated with the second chamber 21 or the first chamber 1, and the third chamber 22 is used for removing impurities from the liquid metal.
It should be noted that the second chamber 21 is disposed at one side of the first chamber 1, and a first channel for flowing the liquid metal is disposed between the second chamber 21 and the first chamber 1; the first chamber 1 is used for introducing reducing gas to reduce the oxidized metal and melt the solid, and the second chamber 21 is arranged as a heating zone for heating the liquid metal; third chamber 22 sets up to be used for the smelting zone to the edulcoration of liquid metal, and make third chamber and second chamber or first chamber intercommunication, because set up the first passageway that is used for liquid metal to flow between second chamber 21 of this application and the first chamber 1, consequently, reduce into metal with oxidation metal through first chamber 1, then heat liquid metal through the zone of heating, heat energy lasts the heat supply at first chamber 1 to the metal after the reduction through liquid metal, when the metal temperature reaches the melting point, the metal just can be melted into liquid metal at first chamber 1, and after liquid metal flows into the smelting zone, blow gas at the smelting zone, add the content of the impurity that the furnace charge reduced in the liquid metal, and then smelt into the higher liquid metal of purity. And the liquid metal after impurity removal is sent to a refining furnace 7 for refining through a diversion trench 5. The refined liquid metal flows to an intermediate tank 8 of a continuous casting machine 9 through a diversion trench 5 and then to the continuous casting machine 9. Compared with the prior art, all the metal smelting links are performed in sequence, and the total energy consumption and the required time required by metal smelting can be effectively reduced.
To facilitate understanding of the above solution, the solution is further described below with reference to fig. 1 to 10.
A metal smelting device comprises a reduction zone, a melting zone, a heating zone, a smelting zone and an electric arc heating device. The electric arc heating device consists of an electric furnace transformer, an electrode lifting device and a control system. The method is characterized in that metal oxide is used as a raw material, the metal oxide is directly reduced into metal in a reduction area by high-temperature reduction gas, an electric arc heating device is adopted to provide a heat source for solid metal, the solid metal is converted into liquid metal, the metal is continuously melted in a melting area, the liquid level of the metal is slowly increased, and after the metal flows to the melting area, the gas is blown in the melting area or furnace materials are added to remove impurities in the liquid metal, so that the metal with higher purity is smelted. The purified liquid metal is sent to the subsequent working procedure for treatment. The metal oxide refers to oxides such as FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, CuO, NiO, Ni2O3, and Ni3O4 that can be directly reduced to metal by a reducing gas. The reducing gas refers to hydrogen, carbon monoxide or a mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
Each furnace is provided with a reduction zone, a melting zone, a heating zone and a melting zone which are integrated.
Each furnace has a reduction zone and a melting zone which can correspond to a plurality of heating zones and melting zones.
The heating zones of the furnace may correspond to a plurality of melting zones.
The reduction zone is vertical and located above the melting zone, the metal oxide moves from top to bottom, and the reducing gas moves from bottom to top, and the metal oxide is reduced into metal in the mutual contact process.
The reduction area is horizontal or inclined, the metal oxide is conveyed from a blanking point to the upper part of the melting area through the material conveying device and falls into the melting area, a plurality of reducing gas nozzles are arranged above the vertical surface of the material conveying device along the material conveying direction, and reducing gas is blown from top to bottom to make the reducing gas contact with the metal oxide from top to bottom so as to reduce the metal oxide into metal before falling into the melting area in the conveying process.
The reduction area and the melting area of the furnace are connected through a valve and a pipeline.
Each furnace is provided with a reducing area which can correspond to a plurality of melting areas, heating areas and melting areas.
The gas guide pipe is used for guiding reducing gas into the molten liquid to reduce the liquid metal oxide.
Through setting up the air duct, can melt oxidation metal earlier, then the air duct is with reducing gas leading-in liquid metal solution in, reduces the liquid oxidation metal solution of oxidation, can accelerate metal reduction efficiency. In a specific practical application, the air outlet end of the air guide tube can be arranged in the liquid metal solution.
Connect the one end of air duct in melting the district bottom, can directly carry reducing gas to liquid metal solution in, then can heat earlier oxide metal and melt, then reduce liquid metal solution, shorten metal smelting time, promote metal production efficiency.
The invention has the advantages of less investment, more energy saving, low carbon dioxide emission and manpower saving.
In the application, can use iron oxide pellet as raw materials among the ironmaking and steelmaking process, directly reduce the pellet into sponge iron with high temperature reducing gas in the reduction zone, adopt electric arc heating device to provide the heat source for the sponge iron is the molten iron water, the heat passes through the molten iron and transmits to the melting zone, sponge iron is constantly melting in the melting zone, the molten iron liquid level slowly risees, after the molten iron flows to the melting zone, blow oxygen in the melting zone, add the content of carbon and impurity in the reduction molten iron of other furnace charges, smelt into liquid steel. The liquid steel is sent to a refining furnace for refining.
The production flow of the steel comprises the following steps: during the primary production, the slag hole and the steel outlet are sealed, and pig iron or scrap steel is added into the heating area, the melting area and the part below the tuyere of the reduction area. Melting pig iron or scrap steel into molten iron by an electric arc heating device, wherein the liquid level of the molten iron is kept below a slag hole and above molten iron flow holes in a heating zone and a melting zone. So that no gas can flow between the heating zone and the reduction zone. Firstly, filling nitrogen into a reduction zone, exhausting air in the reduction zone, adding pellets or lump materials, introducing high-temperature reducing gas under the condition of ensuring safety, and reducing the pellets or lump ores into sponge iron after a period of time at a certain temperature and pressure. The electric arc heating device continues to heat molten iron, heat is transferred to the melting area through the molten iron to melt sponge iron, when the liquid level of the molten iron is high to a certain degree, the molten iron flows to the melting area, oxygen is blown in the melting area, other furnace materials are added to reduce the content of carbon and impurities in the molten iron, the molten iron is smelted into steel, and at the moment, a steel tapping hole is opened to discharge liquid steel. At the moment, the molten iron in the heating area flows to the smelting area, the molten iron in the melting area flows to the heating area, the sponge iron at the lower part of the reduction area is continuously melted, the pellets at the upper part of the reduction area are reduced into the sponge iron and move downwards at the same time, and finally, the continuous steelmaking process from the pellets to the liquid steel is formed.
The sponge iron can generate slag when melted in the melting area, when the slag reaches a certain amount, the slag hole can be opened to discharge the slag, and the slag hole is sealed after a certain amount of slag is discharged.
The invention can flexibly allocate the number of the melting zone, the heating zone and the melting zone according to different productivity and requirements.
A furnace has a reduction zone and a melting zone corresponding to a plurality of heating zones and melting zones. This configuration can improve yield.
One heating zone corresponds to a plurality of smelting zones.
Preferably, the reduction zone is separated from the melting zone, and the reduction zone is connected with the melting zone through a pipeline and a valve.
Preferably, one reduction zone corresponds to a plurality of melting zones.
A plurality of melting zones, heating zones and melting zones can be corresponded according to actual conditions. The configuration can improve the yield and ensure the continuity and reliability of the steelmaking process.
The configuration can match the process time of iron making and steel making, and ensure the continuity and reliability of the steel making process.
The reduction zone and the melting zone of the furnace are separated, the configuration is simple to control and easy to realize, but because the problem of material sticking in the reduction furnace is considered, the sponge iron needs to be cooled in the furnace, the discharging temperature is reduced, and the energy consumption is slightly higher.
A furnace has a reduction zone corresponding to multiple melting, heating and melting zones. The configuration can improve the yield and ensure the continuity and reliability of the steelmaking process.
The reduction zone is set to be a horizontal or inclined structure, metal oxide is conveyed from a blanking point to the upper side of the melting zone through a material conveying device and falls into the melting zone, a plurality of reducing gas nozzles are arranged above the vertical surface of the material conveying device and along the material conveying direction, reducing gas is blown from top to bottom, the reducing gas is contacted with the metal oxide from top to bottom, and the metal oxide is reduced into metal in the conveying process before falling into the melting zone.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, the system or system embodiments are substantially similar to the method embodiments and therefore are described in a relatively simple manner, and reference may be made to some of the descriptions of the method embodiments for related points. The above-described system and system embodiments are only illustrative, wherein the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (17)
1. A metal melting apparatus, comprising at least: a first chamber, a second chamber, and a third chamber;
the second chamber is positioned on one side of the first chamber, a first channel communicated with the first chamber is arranged in the second chamber, and the first channel is used for liquid metal to flow between the first chamber and the second chamber;
the first chamber is used for introducing reducing gas to reduce the oxidized metal and melt the solid;
the second chamber is a heating area and is used for heating the liquid metal;
the third chamber is a smelting area, the third chamber is communicated with the second chamber or the first chamber, and the third chamber is used for removing impurities from the liquid metal.
2. The metal smelting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the third chamber is located to one side of the second chamber, the third chamber being provided with a second passage communicating with the second chamber for liquid metal to flow from the second chamber into the third chamber;
or, the third chamber is located on one side of the first chamber.
3. A metal smelting apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the upper part of the first chamber is a reduction zone and the lower part is a melting zone;
the second chamber and the third chamber share a side wall, and the first channel is located at the bottom of the side wall.
4. The metal smelting apparatus of claim 3, wherein the smelt zone is located on a first side of the reduction zone, and a feed inlet is provided above a second side of the reduction zone;
the metal melting apparatus further comprises: the material conveying device is arranged in the first cavity;
the material conveying device is characterized in that the feeding end is arranged below the feeding port, and the discharging end is arranged above the melting area.
5. The metal smelting apparatus of claim 3, wherein the reduction zone is vented with an inlet for entry of reducing gas and an outlet for exit of reducing gas.
6. A metal smelting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the side wall of the melting zone is provided with a slag hole which can be opened and closed, and the slag hole is located at the upper part of the side wall of the melting zone.
7. The metal melting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the inner lining of the first chamber, the second chamber, and the third chamber are made of a refractory material.
8. The metal smelting apparatus of claim 1, wherein a discharge opening is provided in the bottom of the smelting zone.
9. The metal melting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the heating zone is heated using an arc heating apparatus comprising an electrode and an electric furnace transformer.
10. The metal melting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second number of chambers is plural, and the third number of chambers is the same as the second number of chambers.
11. The metal melting apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a first separator and a second separator;
the first partition plate is longitudinally arranged at the bottom of the second chamber;
the second partition plate is longitudinally arranged at the top of the second chamber, and the second partition plate is positioned between the first partition plate and the heating zone; the sum of the height of the first partition plate and the height of the second partition plate is larger than the height of the second chamber, and both the height of the first partition plate and the height of the second partition plate are smaller than the height of the second chamber.
12. The metal smelting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the smelting zone is plural in number.
13. The metal smelting apparatus of claim 12, further comprising: a gate;
a diversion trench is arranged between the smelting zone and the heating zone;
the gate is arranged in the diversion trench.
14. The metal melting apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a blowing device used for blowing air to the smelting area and a charging device used for charging materials.
15. The metal melting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first chamber is comprised of a first sub-chamber and a second sub-chamber;
the metal smelting device further comprises: valves and piping;
the first sub-chamber is a reduction zone, and the second sub-chamber is a melting zone;
the first sub-chamber is connected with the second sub-chamber through the pipeline;
the valve is arranged on the pipeline.
16. The metal melting apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: an air duct;
the gas guide pipe is used for guiding reducing gas into the liquid metal oxide to reduce the liquid metal oxide.
17. A steel production line, characterized by comprising: a finer, a tundish, a caster and a metal smelting plant as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 16;
the feed inlet of the refining furnace is connected with the metal discharge port of the metal smelting device through a diversion trench, and the discharge port is connected with the feed inlet of the intermediate tank through the diversion trench;
and the feed inlet of the continuous casting machine is connected with the discharge outlet of the intermediate tank.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210128799.7A CN114438271A (en) | 2022-02-11 | 2022-02-11 | Metal smelting device and steelmaking production line |
| PCT/CN2022/108619 WO2023151242A1 (en) | 2022-02-11 | 2022-07-28 | Metal smelting device and steelmaking production line |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210128799.7A CN114438271A (en) | 2022-02-11 | 2022-02-11 | Metal smelting device and steelmaking production line |
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| CN114438271A true CN114438271A (en) | 2022-05-06 |
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| CN202210128799.7A Pending CN114438271A (en) | 2022-02-11 | 2022-02-11 | Metal smelting device and steelmaking production line |
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| CN (1) | CN114438271A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023151242A1 (en) |
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| CN115044718A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-13 | 中钢设备有限公司 | Method and device for heating coal gas by plasma torch and application |
| WO2023151242A1 (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2023-08-17 | 中钢设备有限公司 | Metal smelting device and steelmaking production line |
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| US20090249922A1 (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2009-10-08 | Bristlecone International, Llc | Process for the production of steel using a locally produced hydrogen as the reducing agent |
| EP3325672B1 (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2020-05-20 | Limastian, Narong | Method of utilizing furnace off-gas for reduction of iron oxide pellets |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| WO2023151242A1 (en) | 2023-08-17 |
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