CN114420974A - External hydrogen supply system for fuel cell vehicle - Google Patents
External hydrogen supply system for fuel cell vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN114420974A CN114420974A CN202111525978.6A CN202111525978A CN114420974A CN 114420974 A CN114420974 A CN 114420974A CN 202111525978 A CN202111525978 A CN 202111525978A CN 114420974 A CN114420974 A CN 114420974A
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 195
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 190
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 190
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 50
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013522 software testing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
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- Sustainable Development (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an external hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell vehicle, which comprises: the hydrogen cylinder comprises a hydrogen cylinder, a first filter, a flow meter, a first electromagnetic valve and a control unit, wherein an outlet of the hydrogen cylinder is communicated with an inlet of the first filter, an outlet of the first filter is communicated with an inlet of the flow meter, an outlet of the flow meter is communicated with an inlet of the first electromagnetic valve, and an outlet of the first electromagnetic valve is used for being communicated with a fuel cell engine of the fuel cell vehicle; the flowmeter and the first electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the control unit; the control unit is connected with a vehicle control unit of the fuel cell vehicle. This application only needs to supply the hydrogen cylinder just can ensure that the fuel cell vehicle accomplishes fuel hydrogen filling on the spot at the test bench, has avoided constantly with the vehicle from the dismouting on the test bench, removes the work of filling hydrogen, has promoted test efficiency, has reduced the cost of labor, has still avoided test vehicle's a lot of installation simultaneously, has guaranteed test vehicle bench installation border's uniformity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy, in particular to an external hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell vehicle.
Background
A fuel cell is a chemical device that directly converts chemical energy of fuel into electrical energy, and is also called an electrochemical generator. The fuel cell converts the Gibbs free energy in the chemical energy of the fuel into electric energy through electrochemical reaction, and is not limited by the Carnot cycle effect, so the efficiency is high; in addition, fuel and oxygen for fuel cells are used as raw materials, and mechanical transmission parts are not needed, so that the discharged harmful gas is extremely little, and the service life is long. For example, in comparison with a conventional fuel-powered automobile, a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle using a hydrogen fuel cell as a power source can substantially avoid the emission of harmful gases.
However, the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is still in the research, development and demonstration operation stage, and the system technology, operation experience, standards and regulations of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle and the like need to be verified and solved through a large number of tests. At present, when a bench test is carried out on a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, hydrogen is basically supplied directly from a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage tank carried by the fuel cell vehicle, but the capacity of the hydrogen stored in the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage tank is limited, so that the fuel cell vehicle needs to be detached from the bench, go to a hydrogen station for filling hydrogen when the hydrogen in the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage tank is exhausted, and then the fuel cell vehicle is installed back to the bench for continuous test, so that the test efficiency is low, and the mode is not favorable for the development of test projects (such as endurance tests) which need to run on the bench for a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a fuel cell vehicle external hydrogen supply system, has solved among the prior art can't continuously provide hydrogen for the fuel cell vehicle in the testing process, leads to the technical problem that efficiency of software testing is low, has realized continuously providing hydrogen for the fuel cell vehicle in the testing process, improves efficiency of software testing's technological effect.
In a first aspect, the present application provides an external hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell vehicle, the system comprising: the hydrogen cylinder comprises a hydrogen cylinder, a first filter, a flow meter, a first electromagnetic valve and a control unit, wherein an outlet of the hydrogen cylinder is communicated with an inlet of the first filter, an outlet of the first filter is communicated with an inlet of the flow meter, an outlet of the flow meter is communicated with an inlet of the first electromagnetic valve, and an outlet of the first electromagnetic valve is used for being communicated with a fuel cell engine of the fuel cell vehicle;
the flowmeter and the first electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the control unit; the control unit is connected with a vehicle control unit of the fuel cell vehicle.
Furthermore, the number of the flow meters is multiple, and the multiple flow meters are connected in parallel and are respectively connected with the control unit.
Further, the control unit is used for receiving flow data of the flow meter and forwarding the flow data to the vehicle control unit, so that the vehicle control unit determines hydrogen consumption data of the fuel cell vehicle according to the flow data and the driving mileage; or,
the control unit is used for receiving the flow data of the flow meter and the driving mileage of the whole vehicle controller and determining the hydrogen consumption data of the fuel cell vehicle according to the flow data and the driving mileage.
Further, the system further comprises: the outlet of the nitrogen cylinder is communicated with the inlet of the second filter, the outlet of the second filter is communicated with the inlet of the one-way valve, and the outlet of the one-way valve is communicated with the inlet of the first filter;
an inlet of the second electromagnetic valve is communicated with an outlet of the flowmeter, and an outlet of the second electromagnetic valve is communicated with the atmosphere;
the second electromagnetic valve is connected with the control unit.
Further, the control unit is used for controlling the first electromagnetic valve to be opened and the second electromagnetic valve to be closed when the fuel cell vehicle sends a hydrogen supply request, so that hydrogen in the hydrogen cylinder flows into the fuel cell engine through the first filter, the flowmeter and the first electromagnetic valve in sequence;
the control unit is also used for controlling the first electromagnetic valve to be closed and the second electromagnetic valve to be opened when the hydrogen supply pipeline has purging requirements, so that nitrogen in the nitrogen cylinder sequentially flows into the atmosphere through the second filter, the one-way valve and the second electromagnetic valve.
Further, the system also comprises a third electromagnetic valve, wherein the third electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pipeline between the second filter and the one-way valve, an inlet of the third electromagnetic valve is communicated with an outlet of the second filter, and an outlet of the third electromagnetic valve is communicated with an inlet of the one-way valve.
Further, the system also comprises a pressure regulating valve, wherein the pressure regulating valve is arranged on a pipeline between the hydrogen cylinder and the first filter, the inlet of the pressure regulating valve is communicated with the outlet of the hydrogen cylinder, and the outlet of the pressure regulating valve is communicated with the inlet of the first filter.
The system further comprises a first manual stop valve, an over-temperature protection device and a fourth electromagnetic valve, wherein an inlet of the first manual stop valve is communicated with an outlet of the hydrogen cylinder, an inlet of the fourth electromagnetic valve is communicated with an outlet of the pressure regulating valve, and an outlet of the fourth electromagnetic valve is communicated with an inlet of the first filter; the inlet of the over-temperature protection device is communicated with the inlet of the fourth electromagnetic valve, and the outlet of the over-temperature protection device is communicated with the atmosphere.
Further, the system also comprises a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, wherein the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are arranged at the inlet of the first electromagnetic valve, and the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are respectively connected with the control unit.
Further, the system also comprises a hydrogen concentration sensor which is connected with the control unit.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
the application provides a pair of fuel cell vehicle is with outside hydrogen supply system, including the hydrogen cylinder, first filter, the flowmeter, first solenoid valve and the control unit, the hydrogen cylinder is used for saving hydrogen, under the control of control unit, the hydrogen of hydrogen cylinder storage passes through first filter, the flowmeter, first solenoid valve flows in the fuel cell engine of fuel cell vehicle, and then only need replenish the hydrogen of hydrogen cylinder, just can ensure that the fuel cell vehicle accomplishes fuel hydrogen filling on the spot at the test bench, the work of constantly removing filling hydrogen with the vehicle dismouting from the test bench has been avoided, the efficiency of the experiment has been promoted, the cost of labor has been reduced, test vehicle's a lot of installations has still been avoided simultaneously, test vehicle bench installation boundary's uniformity has just been guaranteed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an external hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell vehicle according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another external hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell vehicle according to the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart illustrating the operation of the external hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell vehicle shown in fig. 2.
Reference numerals:
1-a hydrogen cylinder, 2-a first manual stop valve, 3-a first pressure regulating valve, 4-a fourth electromagnetic valve, 5-a first filter, 6-a flow meter, 7-a first pressure sensor, 8-a temperature sensor, 9-a first electromagnetic valve, 10-a nitrogen cylinder, 11-a second manual stop valve, 12-a second pressure regulating valve, 13-a second filter, 14-a second pressure sensor, 15-a third electromagnetic valve, 16-a check valve, 17-a second electromagnetic valve, 18-a hydrogen concentration sensor, 19-a fuel cell engine, 20-a vehicle controller, 21-a fuel cell vehicle, 22-a control unit, 23-an emergency stop switch, 24-an indicator light, 25-a display device, 26-a third manual stop valve, 27-a fourth manual stop valve, 28-a fifth manual stop valve, 29-a first pressure gauge, 30-a second pressure gauge, and 31-an over-temperature protection device.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the application provides a fuel cell vehicle external hydrogen supply system, has solved among the prior art can't continuously provide hydrogen for the fuel cell vehicle in the process of the test, leads to the technical problem that efficiency of the test is low.
In order to solve the technical problems, the general idea of the embodiment of the application is as follows:
an external hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell vehicle, the system comprising: the hydrogen cylinder comprises a hydrogen cylinder, a first filter, a flow meter, a first electromagnetic valve and a control unit, wherein an outlet of the hydrogen cylinder is communicated with an inlet of the first filter, an outlet of the first filter is communicated with an inlet of the flow meter, an outlet of the flow meter is communicated with an inlet of the first electromagnetic valve, and an outlet of the first electromagnetic valve is used for being communicated with a fuel cell engine of the fuel cell vehicle; the flowmeter and the first electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the control unit; the control unit is connected with a vehicle control unit of the fuel cell vehicle.
The hydrogen supply system that this embodiment provided has avoided the fuel cell car not enough because of on-vehicle hydrogen storage tank hydrogen volume in the bench test process, leads to the vehicle frequently to pull down the problem of hydrogenation to the hydrogenation station from the test bench, has reduced fuel cell car bench test's cost of labor, has promoted test efficiency. The hydrogen supply system provided by the embodiment is used, the fuel cell vehicle can be ensured to complete fuel gas (hydrogen) filling on the spot on the test bed only by supplementing the hydrogen bottle 1, the vehicle is prevented from being dismounted from the test bed continuously, the hydrogen filling work is removed, the test efficiency is improved, the labor cost is reduced, meanwhile, the test vehicle is prevented from being mounted for many times, and the uniformity of the mounting boundary of the test vehicle bed is ensured.
In order to better understand the technical solution, the technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
First, it is stated that the term "and/or" appearing herein is merely one type of associative relationship that describes an associated object, meaning that three types of relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
The present embodiment provides an external hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell vehicle as shown in fig. 1, the system including: the hydrogen gas generating device comprises hydrogen cylinders 1, a first filter 5, a flow meter 6, a first electromagnetic valve 9 and a control unit 22, wherein the outlet of the hydrogen cylinders 1 is communicated with the inlet of the first filter 5, the outlet of the first filter 5 is communicated with the inlet of the flow meter 6, the outlet of the flow meter 6 is communicated with the inlet of the first electromagnetic valve 9, and the outlet of the first electromagnetic valve 9 is used for being communicated with a fuel cell engine 19 of the fuel cell vehicle;
the flowmeter 6 and the first electromagnetic valve 9 are respectively connected with the control unit 22; the control unit 22 is connected to the vehicle control unit 20 of the fuel cell vehicle.
When the whole durability test or the hundred kilometer hydrogen consumption test (or other bench tests which need the continuous operation of the whole vehicle, which are not described herein) needs to be performed on the fuel cell vehicle, the outlet of the first electromagnetic valve 9 may be communicated with the fuel cell engine 19. When the fuel cell vehicle is ready to start a whole vehicle endurance test or a hundred kilometer hydrogen consumption test, the control unit 22 controls the first electromagnetic valve 9 to be opened, hydrogen in the hydrogen cylinder 1 can enter the fuel cell engine 19 through the first filter 5, the flowmeter 6 and the first electromagnetic valve 9 in sequence, so that hydrogen is continuously provided for the fuel cell engine 19, the fuel cell vehicle cannot be detached from the rack due to insufficient hydrogen, the completion efficiency of the endurance test or the hundred kilometer hydrogen consumption test is higher, and the consistency of the installation boundary of the rack of the fuel cell vehicle is ensured.
It should be noted that the hydrogen supply system provided by this embodiment can continuously provide hydrogen gas for the fuel cell vehicle in the whole process of the fuel cell vehicle completing the entire vehicle endurance test or the hundred kilometers hydrogen consumption test, that is, in the test process, the hydrogen supply system provided by this embodiment needs to be always communicated with the fuel cell vehicle. In order to ensure that the fuel cell vehicle can be supplied with hydrogen gas continuously, at least two hydrogen cylinders 1 may be used. For example, two hydrogen cylinders 1, a hydrogen cylinder a and a hydrogen cylinder B are provided, when the hydrogen cylinder a is supplying hydrogen, the hydrogen cylinder B can be filled with hydrogen, and after the hydrogen cylinder a finishes supplying, the hydrogen cylinder B is used for supplying hydrogen immediately; when the hydrogen cylinder B is performing hydrogen supply, the hydrogen cylinder a may be filled with hydrogen.
When the whole vehicle endurance test or the bench tests such as the hydrogen consumption of hundred kilometers are required, the first manual stop valve 2 is opened, the control unit 22 is relied on to control the first electromagnetic valve 9 to be opened, and then the hydrogen can be continuously provided for the fuel cell engine 19. Of course, when the components of the hydrogen supply system are burnt or otherwise suddenly broken, the first manual cut-off valve 2 may be manually closed to prevent the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen cylinder 1 from leaking out in a large amount, thereby preventing the accident from being further worsened.
The external hydrogen supply system for the fuel cell vehicle provided by the embodiment can be suitable for various types of fuel cell engines, and the pressure requirements of hydrogen supply of different fuel cell engines are different. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the first pressure regulating valve 3 is provided between the first manual shutoff valve 2 and the first filter 5, and the first pressure regulating valve 3 can regulate and control the line pressure of the outlet-side line. The embodiment provides hydrogen with a proper pressure value for the fuel cell engine 19 through the first pressure regulating valve 3, thereby ensuring the hydrogen pressure requirements of fuel cell engines with different powers.
Because hydrogen is extremely easy to burn and explode at normal temperature and normal pressure, in order to improve the hydrogen safety of the external hydrogen supply system in the using process, the external hydrogen supply system for the fuel cell vehicle provided by the embodiment can also be provided with an over-temperature protection device 31, the inlet of the over-temperature protection device 31 is communicated with the inlet of the fourth electromagnetic valve 4, and the outlet of the over-temperature protection device 31 is communicated with the atmosphere. When the temperature near the over-temperature protection device 31 exceeds a certain value, the over-temperature protection device 31 will conduct the pipeline, so that the hydrogen in the hydrogen cylinder 1 can be rapidly exhausted to the atmosphere, and the hydrogen in the hydrogen cylinder 1 and the pipeline can be prevented from exploding.
In order to detect the hydrogen gas concentration in the vicinity of the external hydrogen supply system, a hydrogen concentration sensor 18 may be provided, and the hydrogen concentration sensor 18 is connected to the control unit 22. The control unit 22 determines whether the hydrogen concentration exceeds the standard according to the concentration data started by the hydrogen concentration sensor 18, if so, the hydrogen leakage is judged to occur, and at the moment, the control unit 22 drives an indicator lamp 24 or an audible alarm connected with the control unit to give an alarm. Certainly, the system provided in this embodiment may further include an emergency stop switch 23, where the emergency stop switch 23 is connected to the control unit 22, and the staff may press the emergency stop switch 23, and the control unit 22 may control all the valves to be in a closed state, so as to implement emergency stop.
Wherein, the fourth electromagnetic valve 4 is arranged on the pipeline between the first manual stop valve 2 and the first filter 5. An inlet of the fourth electromagnetic valve 4 is communicated with an outlet of the first manual cut-off valve 2, and an outlet of the fourth electromagnetic valve 4 is communicated with an inlet of the first filter 5. More specifically, the fourth solenoid valve 4 is provided on a line between the first pressure regulating valve 3 and the first filter 5, wherein an inlet of the fourth solenoid valve 4 communicates with an outlet of the first pressure regulating valve 3, and an outlet of the fourth solenoid valve 4 communicates with an inlet of the first filter 5. The fourth solenoid valve 4 can separate the outlet side and inlet side pipes, and the outlet side pipe of the fourth solenoid valve 4 is prevented from being affected.
Since the fuel cell engine 19 has requirements for both the temperature and the pressure of the hydrogen gas, the present embodiment is provided with the temperature sensor 8 and the first pressure sensor 7 at the inlet of the first electromagnetic valve 9 (or on the pipe before the inlet), and the temperature sensor 8 and the pressure sensor are respectively connected to the control unit 22. The control unit 22 determines whether the temperature is abnormal or not according to the temperature data sent by the temperature sensor 8, determines whether the pressure is abnormal or not according to the pressure data of the first pressure sensor 7, and can control the connected indicator lamp 24 or the sound alarm to give an alarm when the temperature is abnormal or the pressure is abnormal. Of course, the operator can press the emergency stop switch 23 to control all valves to be closed. A first pressure gauge 29 can be arranged on the pipeline, so that an operator can conveniently and intuitively obtain pipeline pressure data.
The external hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell vehicle provided in the present embodiment may be provided with a plurality of flow meters 6, the plurality of flow meters 6 being connected in parallel, each flow meter 6 being connected to the control unit 22. According to the hydrogen flow in the pipeline, the flow meters 6 are controlled to be matched with each other, so that the hydrogen flow in the pipeline is stabilized, and the accuracy of hydrogen flow measurement is improved.
For example, the number of flow meters 6 is 3, including flow meter 6-1, flow meter 6-2, and flow meter 6-3, when the hydrogen flow rate in the pipeline is small (e.g., the hydrogen flow rate is less than I)1) In the process, only the flowmeter 6-1 is started, the flowmeter 6-2 and the flowmeter 6-3 are closed, and the measurement data of the flowmeter 6-1 is the total flow in the pipeline. When the hydrogen flow in the pipeline is moderate (for example, the hydrogen flow is more than I)1And is less than I2In which I1＜I2) When it is, canThe total flow in the pipeline is obtained by starting the flow meter 6-1 and the flow meter 6-2, closing the flow meter 6-3 and summing the measurement data of the flow meter 6-1 and the flow meter 6-2. When the hydrogen flow rate in the pipeline is larger (for example, the hydrogen flow rate is larger than I)2And is less than I3In which I2＜I3) When the flow meter 6-1, the flow meter 6-2 and the flow meter 6-3 are started, the sum of the measurement data of the flow meter 6-1, the flow meter 6-2 and the flow meter 6-3 is the total flow in the pipeline.
When the number of the flow meters 6 is 1, the measurement range of the flow meter 6 used is large, and the accuracy of the flow meter 6 having a large measurement range is relatively low. When the number of the flow meters 6 exceeds 1, the measurement range of the flow meter 6 used is relatively small, and the accuracy of the flow meter 6 having a small measurement range is relatively high. In the embodiment, the plurality of flowmeters 6 are connected in parallel to measure the hydrogen flow in the pipeline, so that the hydrogen flow in the pipeline can be measured, the measurement precision of the hydrogen flow can be improved, and a data basis is provided for the calculation accuracy of the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell vehicle in hundred kilometers.
The control unit 22 is configured to receive flow data of all the flow meters 6, and forward the flow data to the vehicle controller 20, so that the vehicle controller 20 determines hydrogen consumption data of the fuel cell vehicle according to the flow data and the mileage; or,
the control unit 22 is configured to receive the flow data of all the flow meters 6 and the driving mileage of the vehicle controller 20, and determine the hydrogen consumption data of the fuel cell vehicle according to the flow data and the driving mileage.
That is, the hydrogen consumption per hundred kilometers may be calculated by the vehicle controller 20, or the hydrogen consumption per hundred kilometers may be calculated by the control unit 22, and the specific manner may be selected according to actual situations.
In order to facilitate human-computer interaction, the system provided by the embodiment may further include a display device 25, the display device 25 is connected to the control unit 22, and the display device 25 may display pressure data and temperature data of the gas in the pipeline, data measured by the flow meter 6, data of hydrogen consumption per hundred kilometers, duration of a durability test of the entire vehicle, on-off states of the respective electromagnetic valves, and the like. The display content of the display device 25 can be adjusted according to the actual situation.
In order to ensure that the cleanliness of the hydrogen gas entering the fuel cell engine 19 meets the requirements, after the external hydrogen supply system is connected with the fuel cell vehicle 21, when the external hydrogen supply system is operated for the first time, the hydrogen supply pipeline (the hydrogen supply pipeline refers to a pipeline for partially supplying the hydrogen gas, specifically to a pipeline between the pressure regulating valve 3 and the first electromagnetic valve 9) connected with the fuel cell engine 19 needs to be purged by inert gas (nitrogen gas) and hydrogen gas, so that only the hydrogen gas exists in the pipeline. Therefore, a pipeline leading to the atmosphere can be arranged in front of the inlet of the first electromagnetic valve 9, the second electromagnetic valve 17 is arranged on the pipeline, and when the pipeline needs to be purged, the first manual stop valve 2, the fourth electromagnetic valve 4 and the second electromagnetic valve 17 can be opened, so that the hydrogen in the hydrogen cylinder 1 sequentially passes through the first manual stop valve 2, the fourth electromagnetic valve 4 and the second electromagnetic valve 17, and the air in the pipeline is discharged into the atmosphere.
However, in order to purge the pipeline cleanly, the amount of hydrogen used for purging needs to be surplus, and hydrogen is flammable and explosive, so that a potential safety hazard exists, and if more purged hydrogen is used and discharged into the atmosphere, an accident of combustion and explosion is easily caused. In order to avoid potential safety hazards, the nitrogen pipeline is further arranged in the embodiment, and the nitrogen pipeline is used for purging, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 2, the nitrogen line includes a nitrogen cylinder 10, a second manual cut-off valve 11, a second filter 13, a check valve 16, and a second electromagnetic valve 17, the outlet of the nitrogen cylinder 10 communicates with the inlet of the second manual cut-off valve 11, the outlet of the second manual cut-off valve 11 communicates with the inlet of the second filter 13, the outlet of the second filter 13 communicates with the inlet of the check valve 16, and the outlet of the check valve 16 communicates with the outlet of the first manual cut-off valve 2. The inlet of the second electromagnetic valve 17 is communicated with the outlet of the flowmeter 6, and the outlet of the second electromagnetic valve 17 is communicated with the atmosphere; the second solenoid valve 17 is connected to the control unit 22.
The nitrogen pipeline further comprises a second pressure regulating valve 12, and the second pressure regulating valve 12 is arranged on the pipeline between the second manual stop valve 11 and the second filter 13, wherein the inlet of the second pressure regulating valve 12 is communicated with the outlet of the second manual stop valve 11, and the outlet of the second pressure regulating valve 12 is communicated with the inlet of the second filter 13. A second pressure sensor 14 may also be provided on the outlet side of the second filter 13, the second pressure sensor 14 being used to detect pressure data of the nitrogen line. A second pressure gauge 30 can be arranged on the nitrogen pipeline, so that an operator can visually acquire pipeline pressure data.
The nitrogen line also comprises a third solenoid valve 15, the third solenoid valve 15 being arranged in the line between the second filter 13 and the non-return valve 16, wherein the inlet of the third solenoid valve 15 communicates with the outlet of the second filter 13 and the outlet of the third solenoid valve 15 communicates with the inlet of the non-return valve 16.
When the hydrogen supply pipeline has a purging requirement and needs to be purged by using nitrogen, the first manual stop valve 2 is closed, the second manual stop valve 11 is opened, and the control unit 22 is used for controlling the first electromagnetic valve 9 to be closed, the second electromagnetic valve 17 to be opened and the third electromagnetic valve 15 to be opened, so that the nitrogen in the nitrogen cylinder 10 sequentially flows into the atmosphere through the second manual stop valve 11, the second filter 13, the third electromagnetic valve 15, the check valve 16 and the second electromagnetic valve 17.
When hydrogen needs to be supplied to the fuel cell vehicle, the first manual stop valve 2 is opened, the second manual stop valve 11 is closed, the control unit 22 is used for controlling the first electromagnetic valve 9 to be closed and the second electromagnetic valve 17 to be opened, a small amount of hydrogen is used for purging nitrogen in the pipeline to the atmosphere, after the pipeline is purged by introducing the small amount of hydrogen, the first electromagnetic valve 9 is controlled to be opened and the second electromagnetic valve 17 is controlled to be closed, and therefore the hydrogen in the hydrogen cylinder 1 sequentially flows into the fuel cell engine 19 through the first manual stop valve 2, the first filter 5, the flow meter 6 and the first electromagnetic valve 9.
In addition, the solenoid valve can take place automatically controlled inefficacy, and in order to can deal with the automatically controlled inefficacy of solenoid valve, this embodiment still has manual stop valve for every solenoid valve parallel connection, when the solenoid valve can't be opened, can use manual stop valve to switch on the pipeline, and then can avoid because the trouble of solenoid valve influences the condition emergence of experimental progress. For example, the fourth solenoid valve 4 is connected in parallel with a third manual cut-off valve 26, the second solenoid valve 17 is connected in parallel with a fourth manual cut-off valve 27, and the third solenoid valve 15 is connected in parallel with a fifth manual cut-off valve 28.
Referring to fig. 3, the use process of the hydrogen supply system provided in the present embodiment is explained as follows:
1) firstly, an external hydrogen supply system is respectively connected with a hydrogen cylinder 1, a nitrogen cylinder 10 and a fuel cell engine 19 of a fuel cell vehicle through a high-pressure hose, and a control unit 22 is electrically connected with a vehicle controller 20 through a vehicle interface;
2) the control unit 22 performs self-checking to detect whether the communication between the control unit and the vehicle controller 20 and the communication between the electromagnetic valve, the flowmeter 6, the temperature sensor 8 and the pressure sensor are normal or not;
3) and respectively controlling to open the third electromagnetic valve 15, the fourth electromagnetic valve 4 and the second electromagnetic valve 17 of the nitrogen gas circuit through the control unit 22, so as to purge the hydrogen inlet gas circuit, and closing the third electromagnetic valve 15 and the second electromagnetic valve 17 after purging is completed.
4) The control unit 22 controls the fourth electromagnetic valve 4 and the second electromagnetic valve 17 to be opened, and after the hydrogen purges the pipeline again, the fourth electromagnetic valve 4 is controlled to be kept opened, the first electromagnetic valve 9 is controlled to be opened, the second electromagnetic valve 17 is controlled to be closed, and then the hydrogen is introduced into the fuel cell engine 19 of the fuel cell vehicle. In the hydrogen supply process, the control unit 22 detects signals of the vehicle control unit 20, the emergency stop switch 23 and various sensors to ensure the safety of the system during operation;
5) when the control unit 22 receives a hydrogen leakage, over-temperature and over-pressure fault or emergency stop signal, audible and visual alarm is performed, emergency stop is performed, and hydrogen supply is stopped;
6) the control unit 22 combines the flow signal fed back by the flowmeter 6 and the corresponding mileage fed back by the vehicle control unit 20, so that the hundred kilometers of hydrogen consumption can be calculated.
In conclusion, the external hydrogen supply system provided by the embodiment avoids the hydrogenation of the fuel cell vehicle to the hydrogenation station in the test process, reduces the labor cost of the fuel cell vehicle bench test, and improves the test efficiency. The hydrogen supply system provided by the embodiment is used, the fuel cell vehicle can be ensured to complete fuel gas (hydrogen) filling on the spot on the test bed only by supplementing the hydrogen cylinder 1 and the nitrogen cylinder 10, the vehicle is prevented from being dismounted from the test bed continuously, the work of filling hydrogen is avoided, the test efficiency is improved, the labor cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the uniformity of the installation boundary of the test vehicle bed is ensured.
The external hydrogen supply system provided by the embodiment can meet the requirements of multiple test items of the whole vehicle, namely the control unit 22 communicates with the whole vehicle controller 20, and can calculate the hydrogen consumption per hundred kilometers of the whole vehicle and the driving range of the whole vehicle according to the information of the driving range of the whole vehicle interacted by the whole vehicle controller 20 and the corresponding hydrogen consumption fed back by the flowmeter 6, so that the requirements of the test of the hydrogen consumption per hundred kilometers of the whole vehicle and the driving range can be met.
By using the external hydrogen supply system provided by the embodiment, the safety of external hydrogen supply is further improved. The device such as the control unit 22, the hydrogen concentration sensor 18, the temperature sensor 8, the pressure sensor and the over-temperature protection device 31 is added to monitor the temperature, the pressure and the hydrogen leakage, and meanwhile, the device is linked with the vehicle control unit 20 to realize sound and light alarm under the fault or abnormal condition, and the emergency shutdown hydrogen supply can be realized by combining the emergency shutdown switch 23, so that the hydrogen safety in the external hydrogen supply operation process is ensured.
Since the electronic device described in this embodiment is an electronic device used for implementing the method for processing information in this embodiment, a person skilled in the art can understand the specific implementation manner of the electronic device of this embodiment and various variations thereof based on the method for processing information described in this embodiment, and therefore, how to implement the method in this embodiment by the electronic device is not described in detail here. Electronic devices used by those skilled in the art to implement the method for processing information in the embodiments of the present application are all within the scope of the present application.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. An external hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell vehicle, characterized by comprising: the hydrogen cylinder comprises a hydrogen cylinder, a first filter, a flow meter, a first electromagnetic valve and a control unit, wherein an outlet of the hydrogen cylinder is communicated with an inlet of the first filter, an outlet of the first filter is communicated with an inlet of the flow meter, an outlet of the flow meter is communicated with an inlet of the first electromagnetic valve, and an outlet of the first electromagnetic valve is used for being communicated with a fuel cell engine of a fuel cell vehicle;
the flowmeter and the first electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the control unit; and the control unit is connected with a vehicle control unit of the fuel cell vehicle.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the number of said flow meters is plural, and a plurality of said flow meters are connected in parallel and are respectively connected to said control unit.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured to receive flow data from the flow meter and forward the flow data to the vehicle control unit, so that the vehicle control unit determines hydrogen consumption data of the fuel cell vehicle according to the flow data and mileage; or,
the control unit is used for receiving the flow data of the flow meter and the driving mileage of the whole vehicle controller, and determining hydrogen consumption data of the fuel cell vehicle according to the flow data and the driving mileage.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises: the outlet of the nitrogen cylinder is communicated with the inlet of the second filter, the outlet of the second filter is communicated with the inlet of the one-way valve, and the outlet of the one-way valve is communicated with the inlet of the first filter;
an inlet of the second electromagnetic valve is communicated with an outlet of the flowmeter, and an outlet of the second electromagnetic valve is communicated with the atmosphere;
the second electromagnetic valve is connected with the control unit.
5. The system according to claim 4, wherein the control unit is configured to control the first electromagnetic valve to open and the second electromagnetic valve to close when the fuel cell vehicle generates a hydrogen gas supply request, so that hydrogen gas in the hydrogen cylinder flows into the fuel cell engine sequentially through the first filter, the flow meter, and the first electromagnetic valve;
the control unit is also used for controlling the first electromagnetic valve to be closed and the second electromagnetic valve to be opened when the hydrogen supply pipeline has purging requirements, so that nitrogen in the nitrogen bottle sequentially flows into the atmosphere through the second filter, the one-way valve and the second electromagnetic valve.
6. The system of claim 4, further comprising a third solenoid valve disposed on the line between the second filter and the one-way valve, wherein an inlet of the third solenoid valve is in communication with an outlet of the second filter and an outlet of the third solenoid valve is in communication with an inlet of the one-way valve.
7. The system of claim 1, further comprising a pressure regulating valve disposed on the line between the hydrogen cylinders and the first filter, wherein an inlet of the pressure regulating valve is in communication with an outlet of the hydrogen cylinders and an outlet of the pressure regulating valve is in communication with an inlet of the first filter.
8. The system of claim 1, further comprising a first manual shutoff valve, an over-temperature protection device, and a fourth solenoid valve, an inlet of the first manual shutoff valve being in communication with an outlet of the hydrogen cylinder, an inlet of the fourth solenoid valve being in communication with an outlet of the first manual shutoff valve, an outlet of the fourth solenoid valve being in communication with an inlet of the first filter; and an inlet of the over-temperature protection device is communicated with an inlet of the fourth electromagnetic valve, and an outlet of the over-temperature protection device is communicated with the atmosphere.
9. The system of claim 1, further comprising a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor being disposed at an inlet of the first solenoid valve, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor being respectively connected to the control unit.
10. The system of claim 1, further comprising a hydrogen concentration sensor coupled to the control unit.
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Application publication date: 20220429 |