CN114419971A - Uterus model, hysteroscope operation training model and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Uterus model, hysteroscope operation training model and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 210000003679 cervix uteri Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 206010046798 Uterine leiomyoma Diseases 0.000 claims description 45
- 210000004696 endometrium Anatomy 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
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- 238000002271 resection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
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Abstract
The invention provides a uterus model, a hysteroscope surgery training model and a manufacturing method thereof, relating to the technical field of medical treatment. The uterus model provided by the invention comprises a uterine cavity model and an intestinal canal of a mammal, wherein the cervix of the uterine cavity model is fixedly connected with the intestinal canal of the mammal, the model takes a real in-vitro animal organ as a raw material, completely simulates the structure of the uterus, can smoothly enter the uterine cavity through the cervical canal and the internal opening of the cervix, has clear visual field, and can be used as a basic model of a hysteroscope operation training model. The hysteroscope surgery training model provided by the invention can truly simulate an actual focus, fully ensures feedback of training operation touch and force, enables doctors to obtain real and convenient skill training, and improves surgery skill; meanwhile, the training environment is simplified, and the investment of fields, cost, manpower and the like is saved; is beneficial to standardizing different cutting methods and the skill of the electric coagulation hemostasis operation, and is familiar with hysteroscope equipment, instruments and uterus swelling medium using methods.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical treatment, in particular to a uterus model, a hysteroscope operation training model and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
In a historical stage, the gynecological doctors mostly adopt a teaching mode of training skills on patients, but huge medical risks are brought; in order to avoid the risks and master the operation skills, various non-human skills are trained.
The current operation training doctor can only use a single animal organ purchased in the market for training, does not have adjacent organ and blood vessel blood, and cannot ensure the simulated operation environment; or the mode of animal living body operation is adopted, a very specialized training field is needed, and the cost of the field, the cost, the labor and the like is high, so that a doctor has difficulty in having a training opportunity; when the living animal operation is adopted, personnel in different departments need to queue up to practice on different organs of the animal, and time is wasted. In addition, a virtual simulator formed by a 3D animation and a force feedback system and a simple simulation box using products such as plastics, silica gel and the like as training modules are provided, however, the difference between the picture and the force feedback and the real operation is large.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a uterus model which is convenient to obtain materials, low in cost and close to the texture of a real uterus.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a hysteroscopic hysteromyomectomy training model.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a hysteroscope hysteromyoma resection training model.
The fourth purpose of the invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a training model for hysteroscope endometrium removal.
The fifth purpose of the invention is to provide a hysteroscope endometrium removal training model.
The sixth purpose of the invention is to provide a hysteroscope intrauterine adhesion separation training model.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a uterine model, which comprises a uterine cavity model and a mammalian intestinal canal, wherein a cervix of the uterine cavity model is fixedly connected with the mammalian intestinal canal;
the uterine cavity model is a mammalian bladder, and the bladder neck of the bladder is used as the cervix of the uterine cavity model; or the like, or, alternatively,
the uterine cavity model is a uterine body, the cervical end of the uterine body serves as the cervix of the uterine cavity model, and the other end of the uterine body is tied to serve as the uterine fundus of the uterine cavity model.
As a further technical solution, the mammal includes a pig, a cow, a sheep or a donkey.
As a further technical proposal, the length of the uterus body is 10-15cm, and the length of the intestinal canal is 5-8 cm;
preferably, the means of fastening comprises stitching or gluing.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a hysteroscopic hysteromyoma resection training model, which comprises a uterine model and a hysteromyoma model;
the hysteromyoma model is fixed between the inner wall and the outer wall of the uterus model.
As a further technical scheme, the uterine fibroid model comprises chicken gizzards;
preferably, red dye is adopted to dye the gizzards;
preferably, the diameter of the uterine fibroid model is 1.5-2.5 cm.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a method for manufacturing a hysteroscopic hysteromyoma resection training model, which comprises the following steps: and (3) cutting the outer wall of the uterine model, placing the uterine fibroid model, closing the incision, and manufacturing to obtain the hysteroscope uterine fibroid resection training model.
In a fourth aspect, the invention provides a method for manufacturing a hysteroscope endometrium removal training model, which comprises the following steps: and cutting the interior of the uterine cavity of the uterine model, damaging the surface layer to form flocculent tissues, and manufacturing to obtain the hysteroscope endometrium removal training model.
In a fifth aspect, the invention provides a hysteroscopic endometrium removal training model.
In a sixth aspect, the invention provides a hysteroscope intrauterine adhesion separation training model, which comprises a hysteroscope endometrium removal training model and meat strips;
two ends of the meat strip are fixed inside the uterine cavity of the hysteroscope endometrium removal operation training model.
As a further technical proposal, the meat strips are obtained by cutting the uterus;
the number of the meat strips is 1-5;
the meat strips have a length of 4-5cm and a width of 0.1-0.5 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the uterus model provided by the invention comprises a uterine cavity model and an intestinal canal of a mammal, wherein the cervix of the uterine cavity model is fixedly connected with the intestinal canal of the mammal, a bladder or a body of the mammal close to the uterus is used as the uterine cavity model, the intestinal canal of the mammal is easy to turn outwards and is used for simulating the vagina, and the construction of a uterine focus is facilitated.
The hysteroscope hysteromyoma resection training model, the hysteroscope endometrium removal training model and the hysteroscope uterine cavity adhesion separation training model provided by the invention can truly simulate an actual focus, fully ensure feedback of training operation touch and force, enable a doctor to obtain real and convenient skill training, and improve operation skill; meanwhile, the training environment is simplified, and the investment of fields, cost, manpower and the like is saved; the utility model is beneficial to standardizing different cutting methods and the skill of the electric coagulation hemostasis operation, is familiar with hysteroscope equipment, instruments and uterus swelling medium using methods, and improves the cutting operation method.
The manufacturing method of the hysteroscope hysteromyoma resection training model and the hysteroscope endometrium removal training model provided by the invention is simple and rapid, convenient in material taking and low in cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a hysteroscopic hysteromyomectomy training model provided in example 4 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a hysteroscope probe view of a hysteroscope endometrial ablation training model provided in embodiment 6 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a hysteroscope probing diagram of a hysteroscope intrauterine adhesion detachment training model provided in embodiment 7 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments and examples, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following embodiments and examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Those who do not specify the conditions are performed according to the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a uterine model, which comprises a uterine cavity model and a mammalian intestinal canal, wherein a cervix of the uterine cavity model is fixedly connected with the mammalian intestinal canal;
the uterine cavity model is a mammalian bladder, and the bladder neck of the bladder is used as the cervix of the uterine cavity model; or the like, or, alternatively,
the uterine cavity model is a uterine body, the cervical end of the uterine body serves as the cervix of the uterine cavity model, and the other end of the uterine body is tied to serve as the uterine fundus of the uterine cavity model.
It should be noted that, the uterus in the invention is derived from mammals, but the structure of the uterus of mammals is greatly different from that of the human uterus, for example, the uterus of pigs is bifurcated (double-horn uterus), and the use of a hysteroscope requires irrigation and water fetching, so the long water fetching time of the whole uterus of pigs has poor effect; in addition, the pig uterus is internally provided with a concave-convex round pillow, the bifurcations are very many, and no sufficient space is available for inserting the electrotomy device, so that the uterine body of a mammal is intercepted and processed to be used as a uterine cavity model. In mammals, the vagina is narrow, and is difficult to construct a focus in the uterine cavity through the vagina without eversion, so that the invention adopts the intestinal tract of the mammals with the shape and texture similar to the vagina to simulate the vaginal tissue.
The shape and the texture of the bladder or the uterine body of the mammal are close to those of the human uterine cavity, and the human uterine cavity can be better simulated, so that the bladder or the uterine body of the mammal close to the uterus is adopted as a uterine cavity model; the intestine of the mammal is easy to turn outwards, which is beneficial to the construction of the uterine focus, so the invention adopts the intestine of the mammal to simulate the vagina. The uterus model of the invention takes real isolated animal organs as raw materials, completely simulates the structure of the uterus, can smoothly enter the hysteroscope body into the uterine cavity through the cervical canal and the internal opening of the cervix, has clear visual field, and can be used as a basic model of a hysteroscope operation training model.
In some preferred embodiments, the mammal includes, but is not limited to, a pig, a cow, a sheep or a donkey, and the mammal may be selected to have a bladder or a uterine body that is in a shape and configuration similar to the shape and configuration of a human uterine cavity, or the mammal may be selected to have an intestinal tract that is in a shape and configuration similar to the shape and configuration of human vaginal tissue.
In some preferred embodiments, the length of the uterus body can be, but is not limited to, 10, 11cm, 12cm, 13cm, 14cm or 15cm, and when the bladder is used as a uterine cavity model, the length of the uterus body refers to the distance from the bladder tip to the bladder neck.
The length of the intestinal tube may be, for example, but not limited to, 5cm, 6cm, 7cm or 8 cm. The uterus model manufactured by selecting the uterus body and the intestinal canal within the range is closer to the human uterus, and the uterus can be better simulated.
Preferably, the means for attachment includes, but is not limited to, suturing or gluing, or other means known to those skilled in the art that can be used to attach animal tissue.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a hysteroscopic hysteromyoma resection training model, which comprises a uterine model and a hysteromyoma model;
the hysteromyoma model is fixed between the inner wall and the outer wall of the uterus model.
In the present invention, the inner wall of the uterus model refers to the inner surface of the uterus model, and the outer wall of the uterus model refers to the outer surface of the uterus model. The hysteromyoma model is used for simulating hysteromyoma, and the model with the shape, the appearance and the texture similar to those of the actual hysteromyoma is adopted.
The invention obtains a hysteroscope hysteromyoma excision training model by fixing a hysteromyoma model between the inner wall and the outer wall of the uterus model on the basis of the uterus model.
In some preferred embodiments, the uterine fibroid model comprises chicken gizzards, which are generally larger and can be trimmed to size suitable ball-shaped chicken gizzards as uterine fibroid model.
Preferably, red dye is adopted to dye the gizzards, and the red dyeing of the gizzards is beneficial to searching and treating myoma focuses in the operation training process.
Preferably, the diameter of the uterine fibroid model may be, but is not limited to, 1.5cm, 1.7cm, 1.9cm, 2.1cm, 2.3cm or 2.5cm, for example, and the size of the uterine fibroid model within this diameter range is similar to the size of an actual uterine fibroid, which is more advantageous for simulation of an actual lesion.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a method for manufacturing a hysteroscopic hysteromyoma resection training model, which comprises the following steps: and cutting the outer wall of the uterine model, placing the uterine fibroid model, closing the incision, preferably closing the incision by adopting a suture mode, and making to obtain the hysteroscope uterine fibroid resection training model.
The method for manufacturing the hysteroscope hysteromyoma resection training model is simple and rapid, convenient in material taking and low in cost.
In a fourth aspect, the invention provides a method for manufacturing a hysteroscope endometrium removal training model, which comprises the following steps: and cutting the interior of the uterine cavity of the uterine model, damaging the surface layer to form flocculent tissues, and manufacturing to obtain the hysteroscope endometrium removal training model.
In the present invention, "flocculent tissue" refers to a tissue formed by performing multiple cuts (only the inner surface layer is destroyed by each cut) in the inner region of the uterine cavity with a scalpel, and the flocculent group is close to an actual focus (the walls of the uterus adhere to each other to form permanent adhesion, and the deformation and symmetry of the uterine cavity disappear), and can be used for training of a hysteroscope endometrial ablation.
In a fifth aspect, the invention provides a training model for hysteroscope endometrium removal, which is manufactured by the method and can be used for training hysteroscope endometrium removal.
In a sixth aspect, the invention provides a hysteroscope intrauterine adhesion separation training model, which comprises a hysteroscope endometrium removal training model and a meat strip, wherein the meat strip is used for simulating intrauterine adhesion.
Two ends of the meat strip are fixed inside the uterine cavity of the hysteroscope endometrium removal operation training model.
According to the invention, the hysteroscope intrauterine adhesion separation training model is manufactured by fixing the meat strips in the uterine cavity of the uterine model, and can be used for training the hysteroscope intrauterine adhesion separation.
In some preferred embodiments, the meat strip is cut from a uterus body, and the structural texture of the uterus body and the intrauterine adhesion tissue of the mammal is closer to that of the uterus body, so that the simulation of an actual focus is facilitated.
The number of the meat strips is 1-5;
the meat strips have a length of 4-5cm and a width of 0.1-0.5 cm.
In the invention, the position of the meat strip fixed in the uterine cavity is not particularly limited, and the meat strip can be fixed according to the position of an adhesion tissue at an actual focus.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples and comparative examples, but it should be understood that these examples are for purposes of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way.
Example 1
A uterus model comprises a pig uterus body and a pig intestine, wherein the cervical end of the pig uterus body is fixedly connected with the pig intestine in a sewing mode, the other end of the pig uterus body is connected and ligated in a sewing mode, the length of the pig uterus body is 12cm, and the length of the pig intestine is 6 cm.
Example 2
A uterus model comprises a pig bladder and a pig intestine, wherein the bladder neck of the pig bladder is fixedly sewed with the pig intestine, the length of the pig bladder is 15cm (the distance between the bladder tip and the bladder neck), the width of the pig bladder is 8cm, and the length of the pig intestine is 8 cm.
Example 3
A uterus model comprises donkey uterus and sheep intestine, wherein the cervical end of the donkey uterus is fixed with the sheep intestine by adhesive, the other end is sewed and ligated, the length of the donkey uterus is 10cm, and the length of the sheep intestine is 5 cm.
Example 4
A hysteroscope hysteromyoma excision training model, as shown in figure 1, comprises a uterus model and a uterus myoma model of embodiment 1, wherein the uterus myoma model is fixed between the inner wall and the outer wall of the uterus model, and is a chicken gizzard which is cut and treated by red dye and has the diameter of 1.5-2.5 cm.
The manufacturing method of the model comprises the following steps: preparing gizzard of chicken, trimming into round myoma with diameter of 1.5-2.5cm, and soaking with red dye solution. An incision (about 1 cm) is made at a distance of 3cm from the bottom of the uterus, the innermost layer of film is reserved, the prepared myoma is placed into the incision, continuous suturing is carried out at the incision, and the incision is closed, so that the myoma does not fall off. The above fibroid embedding end is the bottom of the uterus body, and fibroids are embedded in the left side and the right side of the uterus body in the same way and are sutured to prevent falling off; and (5) placing the hysteroscope hysteromyoma excision training model on the top of the uterus body in the same way, suturing to prevent the hysteromyoma from falling off, and manufacturing the hysteroscope hysteromyoma excision training model.
Example 5
The utility model provides a hysteroscope hysteromyoma excision training model, includes embodiment 2's uterus model and hysteromyoma model, and the uterus myoma model is fixed between the inner wall and the outer wall of uterus model, and the uterus myoma model is the chicken gizzard that the diameter is 1.5-2.5cm through tailor and red dyestuff is handled.
The manufacturing method of the model comprises the following steps: preparing gizzard of chicken, trimming into round myoma with diameter of 1.5-2.5cm, and soaking with red dye solution.
Incision one: a small 1cm incision was made at the bottom of the porcine bladder at a distance of 2cm from the bladder neck, and the muscle layer was opened by blunt and sharp separation, leaving a thin inner membrane on the inside and leaving the inner membrane intact.
And (2) cutting a second cut: a small 1cm incision was made in the left side wall of the porcine bladder at a distance of 4cm from the bladder neck, and the muscle layer was opened by blunt and sharp separation, leaving a thin inner membrane on the inside and leaving the inner membrane intact.
And (3) cutting a third cut: a small 1cm incision was made in the right wall of the porcine bladder at a distance of 6cm from the bladder neck, and the muscle layer was opened by blunt and sharp separation, leaving a thin inner membrane on the inside and leaving the inner membrane intact.
And (4) cutting: a small 1cm incision was made at the top of the porcine bladder at a distance of 8-15 cm from the bladder neck, and the muscle layer was opened by blunt and sharp separation while leaving a thin inner membrane on the inside and the inner membrane intact.
And placing the prepared hysteromyoma into each incision, continuously suturing in the incision to prevent the hysteromyoma from falling off and suturing until the hysteromyoma is not leaked, and manufacturing to obtain the hysteroscopic hysteromyoma excision training model.
Example 6
A hysteroscope endometrium removal operation training model is prepared by the following steps:
the uterine cavity of the uterine model in example 1 was incised with a scalpel for a plurality of times in the transverse and vertical directions to destroy the smooth surface layer and form a flocculent tissue, and a hysteroscope endometrial ablation training model was fabricated. The hysteroscopy view of this model is shown in figure 2.
Example 7
A hysteroscope intrauterine adhesion separation training model comprises the hysteroscope endometrium removal training model of embodiment 5 and 3 meat strips with the length of 4-5cm and the width of 0.2-0.4cm, wherein two ends of the meat strips are sewed and fixed in the uterine cavity of the hysteroscope endometrium removal training model.
The manufacturing method of the model comprises the following steps: cutting pig uterus into small strips with length of 4-5cm and width of 0.2-0.4cm, and fixing two ends at positions 5cm, 8cm and 12cm away from uterine fundus by simple intermittent suture. The hysteroscopy view of this model is shown in figure 3.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A uterine model is characterized by comprising a uterine cavity model and an intestinal canal of a mammal, wherein a cervix of the uterine cavity model is fixedly connected with the intestinal canal of the mammal;
the uterine cavity model is a mammalian bladder, and the bladder neck of the bladder is used as the cervix of the uterine cavity model; or the like, or, alternatively,
the uterine cavity model is a uterine body, the cervical end of the uterine body serves as the cervix of the uterine cavity model, and the other end of the uterine body is tied to serve as the uterine fundus of the uterine cavity model.
2. The uterine model according to claim 1, wherein the mammal comprises a pig, a cow, a sheep or a donkey.
3. The uterine model of claim 1, wherein the uterine body has a length of 10-15cm, the intestinal tube has a length of 5-8 cm;
preferably, the means of fastening comprises stitching or gluing.
4. A hysteroscopic hysteromyomectomy training model, comprising the uterine model of any one of claims 1-3 and a hysteromyoma model;
the hysteromyoma model is fixed between the inner wall and the outer wall of the uterus model.
5. The hysteroscopic hysteromyomectomy training model of claim 4, wherein the hysteromyoma model includes gizzard;
preferably, red dye is adopted to dye the gizzards;
preferably, the diameter of the uterine fibroid model is 1.5-2.5 cm.
6. The method for making the hysteroscopic hysteromyomectomy training model of claim 4 or 5, comprising the steps of: and (3) cutting the outer wall of the uterine model, placing the uterine fibroid model, closing the incision, and manufacturing to obtain the hysteroscope uterine fibroid resection training model.
7. A method for manufacturing a hysteroscope endometrium removal training model is characterized by comprising the following steps: the hysteroscope endometrium removal training model is made by internally cutting the uterine cavity of the uterine model of any one of claims 1-3, destroying the surface layer, and forming flocculent tissue.
8. A hysteroscope endometriectomy training model, made by the method of claim 7.
9. A hysteroscope intrauterine adhesion detachment training model comprising the hysteroscope endometrial ablation training model of claim 8 and a meat strip;
two ends of the meat strip are fixed inside the uterine cavity of the hysteroscope endometrium removal operation training model.
10. The hysteroscope hysterosynechia training model of claim 9, wherein the meat strips are cut from the corpus uteri;
the number of the meat strips is 1-5;
the meat strips have a length of 4-5cm and a width of 0.1-0.5 cm.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210235649.6A CN114419971A (en) | 2022-03-11 | 2022-03-11 | Uterus model, hysteroscope operation training model and manufacturing method thereof |
| PCT/CN2022/118038 WO2023168922A1 (en) | 2022-03-11 | 2022-09-09 | Uterus model, and hysteroscope surgery training model and manufacturing method therefor |
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| CN202210235649.6A CN114419971A (en) | 2022-03-11 | 2022-03-11 | Uterus model, hysteroscope operation training model and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2023168922A1 (en) | 2023-09-14 |
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