CN114383188B - Solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air-conditioning heating system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air-conditioning heating system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114383188B CN114383188B CN202210292543.XA CN202210292543A CN114383188B CN 114383188 B CN114383188 B CN 114383188B CN 202210292543 A CN202210292543 A CN 202210292543A CN 114383188 B CN114383188 B CN 114383188B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/0003—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station characterised by a split arrangement, wherein parts of the air-conditioning system, e.g. evaporator and condenser, are in separately located units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/06—Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/86—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling compressors within refrigeration or heat pump circuits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/30—Arrangement or mounting of heat-exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/001—Compression cycle type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/272—Solar heating or cooling
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Abstract
The invention provides a solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air-conditioning heating system and a control method thereof, belonging to the technical field of solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air-conditioning systems; the improvement of the hardware structure of the solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air conditioning and heating system is provided; the technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the loop heat pipe is arranged on a heat pipe side evaporation plate, a heat pipe top evaporation plate and a heat pipe back condensation net rack of the air conditioner outdoor unit, and two ends of a heat pipe on the heat pipe top evaporation plate are respectively connected with the heat pipe on the heat pipe side evaporation plate and the heat pipe on the heat pipe back condensation net rack; simultaneously, the direct-current variable-frequency compressor is respectively connected with the heat pipe arranged on the heat pipe side surface evaporation plate, the heat pipe top surface evaporation plate and the heat pipe back surface condensation net rack, and two ends of the heat pipe on the heat pipe back surface condensation net rack are respectively provided with a heat pipe working medium one-way valve; installing a loop heat pipe liquid storage capillary evaporation pipe section on a heat pipe with a heat pipe side evaporation plate connected with a direct-current variable-frequency compressor; the invention is applied to air-conditioning water heaters and heating machines.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air conditioner heating system and a control method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air conditioner heating.
Background
With the national and local restrictions on the use of coal-fired boilers, coal-fired boilers of less than 20 steam tons/h have been strictly forbidden. More and more coal mine heating modes are replaced by gas boilers, solar energy, ground source heat pumps, air source heat pumps, electric heating and the like.
Buildings such as canteens and machine maintenance workshops in coal mine buildings have large heat supply load in winter due to large floor space and high floor height. At present, buildings such as canteens, machine maintenance rooms and the like in coal mines use air source heat pump systems for heat supply in winter. The number of air source heat pumps in the heat supply system is large due to the fact that the air source heat pump system is used for supplying heat in winter, and the investment of the heat supply system is large. And when the outdoor temperature is lower than-15 ℃, the COP value of the air source heat pump heating system is greatly reduced, so that the energy consumption is high and the like.
Solar energy is a permanent renewable clean energy source, and large-area reinforced concrete roofs of buildings such as canteens and machine maintenance workshops in coal mine buildings can be intensively provided with solar heat collecting plates. Provides favorable conditions for utilizing solar energy in winter. Shanxi province is a big province of coal mines in China, and about 688 production mines exist. And most areas of Shanxi province belong to areas with abundant and abundant solar energy resources. The solar energy is fully utilized for heat supply, so that the running power consumption of the air source heat pump heat supply system can be greatly reduced, and precious power resources are saved. Meanwhile, the heat supply cost is saved.
Therefore, the solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air-conditioning heating system and the control method thereof provided by the invention are suitable for air-conditioning water heaters and heating machines, do not need additional power for energy consumption, and can fully utilize free solar photo-heat.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to solve the technical problems that: the improvement of a hardware structure of a solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air conditioning and heating system and the improvement of a control method thereof are provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air-conditioning heating system comprises an air-conditioning outdoor unit, wherein a heat pipe side evaporation plate, a heat pipe top evaporation plate and a heat pipe back condensation net rack are respectively arranged on the side surface, the top surface and the back surface of the air-conditioning outdoor unit, loop heat pipes are respectively arranged on the heat pipe side evaporation plate, the heat pipe top evaporation plate and the heat pipe back condensation net rack, and a direct-current variable-frequency compressor is arranged inside the air-conditioning outdoor unit;
one end of the heat pipe on the heat pipe side evaporation plate is connected with one end of the heat pipe on the heat pipe top evaporation plate, the other end of the heat pipe on the heat pipe side evaporation plate is connected with the direct-current variable frequency compressor, and a loop heat pipe liquid storage capillary evaporation pipe section is arranged on the heat pipe connected with the direct-current variable frequency compressor on the heat pipe side evaporation plate;
the other end of the heat pipe on the evaporation plate on the top surface of the heat pipe is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the direct-current variable-frequency compressor, the other path is connected with one end of the heat pipe on the condensation net rack on the back surface of the heat pipe, and the other end of the heat pipe on the condensation net rack on the back surface of the heat pipe is connected with the direct-current variable-frequency compressor;
wherein, a first heat pipe working medium one-way valve is arranged on the heat pipe connected with the heat pipe back condensation net rack and the heat pipe top surface evaporation plate, and a second heat pipe working medium one-way valve is arranged on the heat pipe connected with the heat pipe back condensation net rack and the direct current variable frequency compressor.
The loop heat pipe liquid storage capillary evaporation pipe section comprises a liquid working medium storage space, a capillary net, an evaporation space and a pipe wall, wherein the evaporation space is located between the capillary net and the pipe wall, and the liquid working medium storage space is located in the middle of the capillary net.
The resistance of the first heat pipe working medium one-way valve and the second heat pipe working medium one-way valve is 0.03-0.05Mpa, and the resistance of the loop heat pipe liquid storage capillary evaporation pipe section is 0.01-0.02 Mpa.
The heat pipe side evaporating plate, the heat pipe top evaporating plate and the heat pipe back condensation net rack are specifically arranged to be black aluminum alloy plate bodies.
And a graphene auxiliary material is arranged in a black layer of the black aluminum alloy plate body.
The loop heat pipe pipelines on the heat pipe side evaporation plate and the heat pipe top evaporation plate are integrally formed by adopting a blowing process or a welding process of an aluminum alloy plate body and a single pipeline.
The heat pipe side evaporation plate is arranged on the positive surface.
A control method for a solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air conditioner comprises the following steps:
s1: the solar energy heats the heat pipes on the side evaporation plates and the top evaporation plates of the heat pipes, and the solar energy refracts and scatters to heat the heat pipes on the condensation net rack on the back of the heat pipes;
wherein the radiation intensity of solar energy photo-heat is more than 120W/m2Less than 200W/m2；
S2: at the moment, the solar photo-thermal energy cannot drive the first heat pipe working medium one-way valve and the second heat pipe working medium one-way valve, and the working medium in the loop heat pipe circulates in a loop formed by the direct-current variable-frequency compressor, the heat pipe side evaporation plate and the heat pipe top evaporation plate;
the direct-current variable frequency compressor is used as a loop heat pipe condensation pipe section, and the heat pipe side evaporation plate and the heat pipe top evaporation plate are used as loop heat pipe evaporation pipe sections;
s3: the loop heat pipe heats lubricating oil and refrigerant which are deposited and solidified at the bottom of the direct-current variable-frequency compressor in the direct-current variable-frequency compressor by using free solar photo-thermal energy, so that the compressor can be quickly started to powerfully heat in winter.
Also comprises the following steps:
s4: after the direct-current variable-frequency compressor is started, waiting for the heat dissipation and temperature rise of the cylinder body of the direct-current variable-frequency compressor 1, driving the heat pipe working medium to heat and boost in combination with the absorption of solar light and heat, and pushing open the first heat pipe working medium one-way valve and the second heat pipe working medium one-way valve to enable the working medium in the loop heat pipe to circulate in a loop formed by the direct-current variable-frequency compressor, the heat pipe side evaporation plate, the heat pipe top evaporation plate and the heat pipe back condensation net rack;
wherein the solar photo-thermal radiation intensity in step S4 is more than 200W/m2Less than 500W/m2；
S5: working media in the loop heat pipe are subjected to heat absorption and evaporation in pipelines of the direct-current variable-frequency compressor, the heat pipe side evaporation plate and the heat pipe top evaporation plate, and solar photo-heat and heat dissipation of the direct-current variable-frequency compressor are absorbed;
working medium in the loop heat pipe releases heat and condenses in the pipeline of the condensation net rack on the back of the heat pipe to heat inlet air of the air conditioner outdoor unit.
A control method for a solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air conditioner comprises the following steps:
s1: the solar energy heats the heat pipes on the side evaporation plates and the top evaporation plates of the heat pipes, and the heat pipes on the condensation net rack on the back of the heat pipes are heated by the refraction and scattering of the solar energy;
wherein the radiation intensity of solar energy photo-heat is more than 500W/m2；
S2: at the moment, the loop heat pipe and the air conditioning system are driven to operate simultaneously through solar photo-thermal, so that the working medium in the loop heat pipe jacks a first heat pipe working medium one-way valve and a second heat pipe working medium one-way valve, and the working medium in the loop heat pipe circulates in a loop formed by a direct-current variable-frequency compressor, a heat pipe side evaporating plate, a heat pipe top evaporating plate and a heat pipe back condensing net rack;
s3: working media in the loop heat pipe are subjected to heat absorption and evaporation in pipelines of the heat pipe side evaporation plate and the heat pipe top evaporation plate, and a large amount of solar light and heat are absorbed;
the working medium in the loop heat pipe releases heat and condenses in the direct-current variable-frequency compressor and the pipeline of the condensation net rack on the back of the heat pipe, and heats the inlet air of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner and the operation of the direct-current variable-frequency compressor, so that the direct-current variable-frequency compressor is pumped and operates at low frequency.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air conditioning and heating system provided by the invention can greatly improve the air conditioning heating energy efficiency and the heating capacity; the air conditioner outdoor unit is arranged on a large-area reinforced concrete roof of buildings such as a canteen and a machine maintenance workshop in a coal mine building, so that free solar photo-thermal energy is fully and reasonably utilized, and carbon emission is further reduced; the heating starting system in winter does not need a tracing band which consumes extra electric energy to heat the bottom of the compressor, thereby ensuring the use effect of the compressor and prolonging the service life and being beneficial to energy conservation and carbon reduction; the volume of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner is not changed while the heating capacity and the heating energy efficiency of the air conditioning system are greatly improved, and flexible arrangement and installation are facilitated.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a loop heat pipe liquid-storage capillary evaporator section of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a capillary network of a loop heat pipe liquid storage capillary evaporation pipe section according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of the liquid working medium in the liquid storage capillary evaporation pipe section of the loop heat pipe according to the present invention;
in the figure: the system comprises a direct-current variable-frequency compressor, a loop heat pipe liquid storage capillary evaporation pipe section, a first heat pipe working medium one-way valve, a second heat pipe working medium one-way valve, an air conditioner outdoor unit, a heat pipe side evaporation plate, a heat pipe top evaporation plate, a heat pipe back condensation net rack, a liquid working medium storage space, a capillary net and a capillary pipe.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air conditioning and heating system of the present invention includes an air conditioner outdoor unit 4, wherein a heat pipe side evaporation plate 5, a heat pipe top evaporation plate 6 and a heat pipe back condensation net rack 7 are respectively disposed on a side surface, a top surface and a back surface of the air conditioner outdoor unit 4, loop heat pipes are disposed on the heat pipe side evaporation plate 5, the heat pipe top evaporation plate 6 and the heat pipe back condensation net rack 7, and a dc inverter compressor 1 is disposed inside the air conditioner outdoor unit 4;
one end of a heat pipe on the heat pipe side evaporation plate 5 is connected with one end of a heat pipe on the heat pipe top evaporation plate 6, the other end of the heat pipe on the heat pipe side evaporation plate 5 is connected with the direct-current variable frequency compressor 1, and a loop heat pipe liquid storage capillary evaporation pipe section 2 is arranged on the heat pipe connected with the direct-current variable frequency compressor 1 through the heat pipe side evaporation plate 5;
the other end of the heat pipe on the heat pipe top surface evaporation plate 6 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the direct current variable frequency compressor 1, the other path is connected with one end of the heat pipe on the heat pipe back surface condensation net rack 7, and the other end of the heat pipe on the heat pipe back surface condensation net rack 7 is connected with the direct current variable frequency compressor 1;
wherein, a first heat pipe working medium one-way valve 3a is arranged on the heat pipe connected with the heat pipe back condensation net rack 7 and the heat pipe top surface evaporation plate 6, and a second heat pipe working medium one-way valve 3b is arranged on the heat pipe connected with the direct current variable frequency compressor 1 by the heat pipe back condensation net rack 7.
The loop heat pipe liquid storage capillary evaporation pipe section 2 comprises a liquid working medium storage space 21, a capillary network 22, an evaporation space 23 and a pipe wall 24, wherein the evaporation space 23 is located between the capillary network 22 and the pipe wall 24, and the liquid working medium storage space 21 is located in the middle of the capillary network 22.
The resistance of the first heat pipe working medium one-way valve 3a and the second heat pipe working medium one-way valve 3b is 0.03-0.05Mpa, and the resistance of the loop heat pipe liquid storage capillary evaporation pipe section 2 is 0.01-0.02 Mpa.
The heat pipe side evaporating plate 5, the heat pipe top evaporating plate 6 and the heat pipe back condensation net rack 7 are specifically set to be black aluminum alloy plate bodies.
And a graphene auxiliary material is arranged in the black layer of the black aluminum alloy plate body.
The loop heat pipe pipelines on the heat pipe side evaporation plate 5 and the heat pipe top evaporation plate 6 are integrally formed by adopting a blowing process or a welding process of an aluminum alloy plate body and a single pipeline.
The heat pipe side evaporation plate 5 is specifically arranged on the positive side.
A control method for a solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air conditioner comprises the following steps:
s1: the solar energy heats the heat pipes on the side evaporation plates 5 and the top evaporation plates 6 of the heat pipes, and the solar energy refracts and scatters to heat the heat pipes on the condensation net rack 7 on the back of the heat pipes;
wherein the radiation intensity of solar photo-heat is more than 120W/m2 and less than 200W/m 2;
s2: at the moment, the solar photo-thermal energy cannot drive the first heat pipe working medium one-way valve 3a and the second heat pipe working medium one-way valve 3b, and working media in the loop heat pipe circulate in a loop formed by the direct-current variable-frequency compressor 1, the heat pipe side evaporation plate 5 and the heat pipe top evaporation plate 6;
wherein, the direct current frequency conversion compressor 1 is used as a loop heat pipe condensation section, and the heat pipe side evaporation plate 5 and the heat pipe top evaporation plate 6 are used as loop heat pipe evaporation sections;
s3: the loop heat pipe heats the lubricating oil and the refrigerant which are deposited and solidified at the bottom of the direct-current variable-frequency compressor 1 in the direct-current variable-frequency compressor 1 by using free solar energy photo-thermally, and the compressor is quickly started to perform powerful heating in winter.
Also comprises the following steps:
s4: after the direct-current variable-frequency compressor 1 is started, waiting for the heat dissipation and temperature rise of the cylinder body of the direct-current variable-frequency compressor 1 at the moment, driving the heat pipe working medium to heat and boost in combination with the absorption of solar light and heat, and pushing open the first heat pipe working medium one-way valve 3a and the second heat pipe working medium one-way valve 3b to enable the working medium in the loop heat pipe to circulate in a loop formed by the direct-current variable-frequency compressor 1, the heat pipe side evaporation plate 5, the heat pipe top evaporation plate 6 and the heat pipe back condensation net rack 7;
wherein the radiation intensity of the solar photo-heat in the step S4 is more than 200W/m2 and less than 500W/m 2;
s5: working media in the loop heat pipe are absorbed and thermally evaporated in pipelines of the direct-current variable-frequency compressor 1, the heat pipe side evaporation plate 5 and the heat pipe top evaporation plate 6, and solar photo-thermal energy and heat dissipation of the direct-current variable-frequency compressor 1 are absorbed;
working media in the loop heat pipe release heat and condense in the pipeline of the heat pipe back condensation net rack 7 to heat the inlet air of the air conditioner outdoor unit 4.
A control method for a solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air conditioner comprises the following steps:
s1: the solar energy heats the heat pipes on the side evaporation plates 5 and the top evaporation plates 6 of the heat pipes, and the heat pipes on the condensation net rack 7 on the back of the heat pipes are heated by the refraction and scattering of the solar energy;
wherein the radiation intensity of solar photo-heat is more than 500W/m 2;
s2: at the moment, the loop heat pipe and the air conditioning system are driven to operate simultaneously through solar photo-thermal energy, so that the working medium in the loop heat pipe jacks a first heat pipe working medium one-way valve 3a and a second heat pipe working medium one-way valve 3b, and the working medium in the loop heat pipe circulates in a loop formed by a direct-current variable-frequency compressor 1, a heat pipe side evaporation plate 5, a heat pipe top evaporation plate 6 and a heat pipe back condensation net rack 7;
s3: working media in the loop heat pipe are subjected to heat absorption and evaporation in pipelines of the heat pipe side evaporation plate 5 and the heat pipe top evaporation plate 6, and a large amount of solar light and heat are absorbed;
working media in the loop heat pipe release heat and condense in the direct current variable frequency compressor 1 and the pipeline of the heat pipe back condensation net rack 7, and heat the inlet air of the air conditioner outdoor unit 4 and the operation of the direct current variable frequency compressor 1, so that the direct current variable frequency compressor 1 is pumped and operates at low frequency.
The invention relates to a solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air-conditioning heating system, which is mainly characterized in that loop heat pipes are arranged on the side surface, the top surface and the back surface of an air-conditioning outdoor unit 4, and two ends of a heat pipe on a heat pipe top surface evaporation plate 6 are respectively connected with heat pipes on a heat pipe side surface evaporation plate 5 and a heat pipe back surface condensation net rack 7; meanwhile, the direct-current variable-frequency compressor 1 is respectively connected with the heat pipe arranged on the heat pipe side surface evaporation plate 5, the heat pipe top surface evaporation plate 6 and the heat pipe arranged on the heat pipe back surface condensation net rack 7, a first heat pipe working medium one-way valve 3a is arranged at the joint of the heat pipe back surface condensation net rack 7 and the heat pipe arranged on the heat pipe top surface evaporation plate 6, and a second heat pipe working medium one-way valve 3b is arranged on the heat pipe connected with the direct-current variable-frequency compressor 1 on the heat pipe back surface condensation net rack 7, wherein the resistance (0.03-0.05 MPa) of the liquid working medium inside the first heat pipe working medium one-way valve 3a and the second heat pipe working medium one-way valve 3b is larger than the resistance (0.01-0.02 MPa) of the liquid working medium inside the loop heat pipe liquid storage evaporation pipe section 2, and the resistances of the first heat pipe working medium one-way valve 3a and the second heat pipe working medium one-way valve 3b are equal. The loop heat pipe liquid storage capillary evaporation pipe section 2 is arranged on a heat pipe connected with the direct current variable frequency compressor 1 and the heat pipe side evaporation plate 5.
The Loop Heat Pipe (LHP) used in the present invention is a Loop closed Loop Heat Pipe. Typically consisting of an evaporator, a condenser, an accumulator and vapor and liquid lines. The working principle is as follows: the heat load is applied to the evaporator, the working medium is evaporated on the outer surface of the capillary core of the evaporator, the generated steam flows out from the steam channel and enters the steam pipeline, then enters the condenser to be condensed into liquid and is supercooled, the backflow liquid enters the liquid main channel through the liquid pipeline to supply the capillary core of the evaporator, and the circulation of the working medium is driven by the capillary pressure generated by the capillary core of the evaporator without additional power. Because the condensing section and the evaporating section are separated, the loop type heat pipe is widely applied to the comprehensive application of energy and the recovery of waste heat. The inner diameter of the working medium transmission pipeline is 3-5 mm, the length of the working medium transmission pipeline can be more than 10m, and the antigravity transmission distance can be more than 5 m.
The working principle of the loop heat pipe liquid storage capillary evaporation pipe section 2 is that the heat pipe liquid working medium enters the liquid working medium storage space 21 for storage, is throttled and depressurized through the capillary network 22, enters the evaporation space 23 for heat absorption and evaporation, and obtains circulating power. Working medium in the loop heat pipe liquid storage capillary evaporation pipe section 2 flows in a single direction and flows from the left side to the right side in the schematic diagram 4. The capillary net 22 of the loop heat pipe liquid storage capillary evaporation pipe section 2 is a cylindrical aluminum alloy net consisting of capillary holes with the length and the width of 1 mm.
The loop heat pipe pipelines of the heat pipe side evaporation plate 5 and the heat pipe top evaporation plate 6 can be integrally formed by adopting a blowing process, and can also be welded by adopting an aluminum alloy plate body and a single pipeline, so that the solar heat absorption area of the heat pipe is enlarged. Meanwhile, the heat pipe side evaporation plate 5, the heat pipe top evaporation plate 6 and the heat pipe back condensation net rack 7 are made into black aluminum alloy plate bodies, and the solar radiation absorption rate is increased to 94%; graphene accessories can be added into the black coating, and the solar radiation absorptivity is further increased to be more than 96%. The invention arranges a heat pipe back condensation net rack 7 which has the following functions: firstly, heating the inlet air of the outdoor air conditioner 4; secondly, air inlet channels are prevented from being blocked by floating objects in the air such as catkins and plastic bags, and the heating effect of the air conditioning system is guaranteed.
The invention discloses a control method of a solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air-conditioning heating system, which has three different working modes according to different seasons, and specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, a solar preheating compressor is in a winter quick start mode; secondly, a solar energy and compressor heat dissipation heating air inlet efficient heating mode; and thirdly, pumping energy-saving heating modes of the solar energy and the compressor, wherein the control method of each working mode is as follows.
Firstly, a solar preheating compressor is in a winter quick start mode: the solar photo-thermal mainly heats the loop heat pipes on the heat pipe side evaporation plate 5 and the heat pipe top evaporation plate 6, and heats the loop heat pipes on the heat pipe back condensation net rack 7 through solar refraction and scattering. The solar energy light-heat density for starting the mode is small (the solar radiation intensity is generally more than 120W/m)2Less than 200W/m2) The loop is formed by a direct current variable frequency compressor 1, a heat pipe side evaporation plate 5 and a heat pipe top evaporation plate 6, working media in the loop are arranged in a loop formed by the direct current variable frequency compressor 1, the heat pipe side evaporation plate 5 and the heat pipe top evaporation plate 3bThe in-road circulation is mostly applicable to winter. The direct-current variable frequency compressor 1 is partially used as a loop heat pipe condensation pipe section, and the heat pipe side evaporation plate 5 and the heat pipe top evaporation plate 6 are used as loop heat pipe evaporation pipe sections. The loop heat pipe heats the lubricating oil and the refrigerant which are deposited and solidified at the bottom of the direct current variable frequency compressor 1 in the direct current variable frequency compressor 1 by using free solar photo-heat, so that the rapid starting and powerful heating of the compressor in winter and the operation safety are ensured, the hidden dangers that the exhaust port of the direct current variable frequency compressor 1 is dirty and blocked due to insufficient compression of the refrigerant and the cylinder body is scratched due to lack of lubrication are reduced, and the operation efficiency of the direct current variable frequency compressor 1 and the system heating energy efficiency are improved. Compared with the air conditioning system with the same model without the loop heat pipe, the system can prolong the service life of the compressor by about 3 years under the mode.
Secondly, a solar energy and compressor heat dissipation heating air inlet efficient heating mode is as follows: the solar photo-thermal mainly heats the loop heat pipes on the heat pipe side evaporation plate 5 and the heat pipe top evaporation plate 6, and heats the loop heat pipes on the back condensation net rack 7 through solar refraction and scattering. The solar energy with the high photo-thermal density (the solar radiation intensity is generally 200-500W/m)2) Firstly, completing a first mode, driving a working medium of a heat pipe to heat and boost by combining the heat absorption of solar energy when the cylinder body of the direct current variable frequency compressor 1 radiates heat and heats, and pushing open a first working medium one-way valve 3a and a second working medium one-way valve 3b of the heat pipe to enable the working medium in the loop heat pipe to circulate in a loop formed by the direct current variable frequency compressor 1, the side evaporation plate 5 of the heat pipe, the top evaporation plate 6 of the heat pipe and the thermal back condensation net rack 7, so that the direct current variable frequency compressor is more suitable for spring and autumn. Working media in the loop heat pipe absorb heat and evaporate in a circulating pipeline of the direct-current variable-frequency compressor 1, the heat pipe side evaporation plate 5 and the heat pipe top evaporation plate 6, and absorb solar photo-heat and heat radiation of the direct-current variable-frequency compressor 1; the heat is released and condensed by the heat back surface condensation net rack 7, the inlet air of the air conditioner outdoor unit 4 is heated, and the heating capacity and the heating energy efficiency of the air conditioner system are improved. Compared with the air conditioning system with the same model without the loop heat pipe, the system can save more than 30% of electric energy in the mode.
Pumping energy-saving heating mode of solar energy and compressor: the solar energy mainly heats the heat pipe side evaporation plate 5 and the heat pipe top evaporation plate 6, and heats the back condensation net rack 7 through solar energy refraction and scattering. The solar energy light-heat density of the mode is larger (the solar energy radiation intensity is generally larger than 500W/m 2) when the solar energy light-heat density is started, the solar energy light-heat density for driving the loop heat pipe and the air conditioning system to operate simultaneously can be achieved, the working medium in the loop heat pipe pushes the first heat pipe working medium one-way valve 3a and the second heat pipe working medium one-way valve 3b open, and the working medium circulates in a loop formed by the direct current variable frequency compressor 1, the heat pipe side evaporation plate 5, the heat pipe top surface evaporation plate 6 and the heat back surface condensation net rack 7, and the solar energy light-heat density is mostly suitable for summer. Working media in the loop heat pipe absorb heat and evaporate on the heat pipe side evaporation plate 5 and the heat pipe top evaporation plate 6, and a large amount of solar light and heat are absorbed; the heat is released and condensed by the direct current variable frequency compressor 1 and the heat back surface condensation net rack 7, the air inlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit 4 and the operation of the direct current variable frequency compressor 1 are heated, the direct current variable frequency compressor 1 is pumped and operates at low frequency, namely, only the direct current variable frequency compressor 1 is required to provide pressure for overcoming the operation resistance of a refrigerant in the air conditioning system, and the heat required by the heating of the refrigerant can be completely provided by solar energy photo-heat, so that the air conditioning system is greatly energy-saving. Compared with the air conditioning system with the same model without the loop heat pipe, the system can save more than 45 percent of electric energy under the mode.
The boiling point of the working medium in the loop heat pipe can be adjusted according to the temperature range of the use area, so that the loop heat pipe is ensured to adapt to the local climatic conditions, and the maximum heat transfer effect of absorbing solar energy and heat is achieved. For example, if a user emphasizes using the operation mode I, the boiling point of the working medium can be adjusted to be about 10 ℃; if the user emphasizes the use of the operation mode II, the boiling point of the working medium can be adjusted to be 30-40 ℃; if the user emphasizes the use of the operation mode III, the boiling point of the working medium can be adjusted to be 40-50 ℃, and the solar energy photo-heat under the emphasizing mode can be fully transmitted and absorbed.
The heat pipe side evaporation plate 5 is arranged on the sun surface as much as possible according to the environment in practical application, can receive sunlight to the maximum extent, fully utilizes the energy of the sunlight in the daytime, generally under the working condition of heat supply in winter, the inclination angle of a solar panel is 35-50 degrees as the best, and the azimuth is 30 degrees from the right south to the south; meanwhile, the air conditioning system part of the invention is a conventional air conditioning system, in particular to a split type room air conditioner, and the invention can rapidly carry out industrial transformation.
It should be noted that, regarding the specific structure of the present invention, the connection relationship between the modules adopted in the present invention is determined and can be realized, except for the specific description in the embodiment, the specific connection relationship can bring the corresponding technical effect, and the technical problem proposed by the present invention is solved on the premise of not depending on the execution of the corresponding software program.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air conditioner control method adopts a solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air conditioner heating system, the system comprises an air conditioner outdoor unit (4), the side surface, the top surface and the back surface of the air conditioner outdoor unit (4) are respectively provided with a heat pipe side surface evaporation plate (5), a heat pipe top surface evaporation plate (6) and a heat pipe back surface condensation net rack (7), wherein loop heat pipes are arranged on the heat pipe side surface evaporation plate (5), the heat pipe top surface evaporation plate (6) and the heat pipe back surface condensation net rack (7), and a direct current variable frequency compressor (1) is arranged inside the air conditioner outdoor unit (4);
one end of a heat pipe on the heat pipe side evaporation plate (5) is connected with one end of a heat pipe on the heat pipe top evaporation plate (6), the other end of the heat pipe on the heat pipe side evaporation plate (5) is connected with the direct-current variable-frequency compressor (1), and a loop heat pipe liquid storage capillary evaporation pipe section (2) is arranged on the heat pipe connected with the direct-current variable-frequency compressor (1) on the heat pipe side evaporation plate (5);
the other end of the heat pipe on the heat pipe top surface evaporation plate (6) is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the direct current variable frequency compressor (1), the other path is connected with one end of the heat pipe on the heat pipe back surface condensation net rack (7), and the other end of the heat pipe on the heat pipe back surface condensation net rack (7) is connected with the direct current variable frequency compressor (1);
wherein be provided with first heat pipe working medium check valve (3 a) on the heat pipe that heat pipe back condensation rack (7) and heat pipe top surface evaporating plate (6) link to each other, be provided with second heat pipe working medium check valve (3 b), its characterized in that on the heat pipe that heat pipe back condensation rack (7) and direct current variable frequency compressor (1) link to each other: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: the solar energy heats the heat pipes on the side evaporation plate (5) and the top evaporation plate (6) of the heat pipes, and the solar energy refracts and scatters to heat the heat pipes on the condensation net rack (7) on the back of the heat pipes;
wherein the solar energy light-heat radiation intensity is more than 120W/m2Less than 200W/m2；
S2: at the moment, the solar photo-thermal energy cannot drive the first heat pipe working medium one-way valve (3 a) and the second heat pipe working medium one-way valve (3 b), and the working medium in the loop heat pipe circulates in a loop formed by the direct-current variable-frequency compressor (1), the heat pipe side evaporation plate (5) and the heat pipe top evaporation plate (6);
the direct-current variable-frequency compressor (1) is used as a loop heat pipe condensation pipe section, and the heat pipe side evaporation plate (5) and the heat pipe top evaporation plate (6) are used as loop heat pipe evaporation pipe sections;
s3: the loop heat pipe heats the lubricating oil and the refrigerant which are deposited and solidified at the bottom of the direct-current variable-frequency compressor (1) in the direct-current variable-frequency compressor (1) by using free solar energy photo-thermally, so that the compressor is quickly started to generate heat with strong force in winter.
2. The solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air conditioner control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: also comprises the following steps:
s4: after the direct-current variable-frequency compressor (1) is started, waiting for the heat dissipation and temperature rise of a cylinder body of the direct-current variable-frequency compressor (1), driving a heat pipe working medium to heat and boost in combination with the absorption of solar light and heat, and pushing open a first heat pipe working medium one-way valve (3 a) and a second heat pipe working medium one-way valve (3 b) when a state critical point is reached, so that working medium in a loop heat pipe circulates in a loop formed by the direct-current variable-frequency compressor (1), a heat pipe side evaporation plate (5), a heat pipe top evaporation plate (6) and a heat pipe back condensation net rack (7);
wherein the solar photo-thermal radiation intensity in step S4 is more than 200W/m2Less than 500W/m2；
S5: working media in the loop heat pipe absorb heat and evaporate in pipelines of the direct-current variable-frequency compressor (1), the heat pipe side evaporation plate (5) and the heat pipe top evaporation plate (6) to absorb solar photo-heat and dissipate heat of the direct-current variable-frequency compressor (1);
working media in the loop heat pipe release heat and condense in the pipeline of the heat pipe back condensation net rack (7) to heat inlet air of the air conditioner outdoor unit (4).
3. A solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air conditioner control method adopts a solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air conditioner heating system, the system comprises an air conditioner outdoor unit (4), the side surface, the top surface and the back surface of the air conditioner outdoor unit (4) are respectively provided with a heat pipe side surface evaporation plate (5), a heat pipe top surface evaporation plate (6) and a heat pipe back surface condensation net rack (7), wherein loop heat pipes are arranged on the heat pipe side surface evaporation plate (5), the heat pipe top surface evaporation plate (6) and the heat pipe back surface condensation net rack (7), and a direct current variable frequency compressor (1) is arranged inside the air conditioner outdoor unit (4);
one end of a heat pipe on the heat pipe side evaporation plate (5) is connected with one end of a heat pipe on the heat pipe top evaporation plate (6), the other end of the heat pipe on the heat pipe side evaporation plate (5) is connected with the direct-current variable-frequency compressor (1), and a loop heat pipe liquid storage capillary evaporation pipe section (2) is arranged on the heat pipe connected with the direct-current variable-frequency compressor (1) on the heat pipe side evaporation plate (5);
the other end of the heat pipe on the heat pipe top surface evaporation plate (6) is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the direct current variable frequency compressor (1), the other path is connected with one end of the heat pipe on the heat pipe back surface condensation net rack (7), and the other end of the heat pipe on the heat pipe back surface condensation net rack (7) is connected with the direct current variable frequency compressor (1);
wherein be provided with first heat pipe working medium check valve (3 a) on the heat pipe that heat pipe back condensation rack (7) and heat pipe top surface evaporating plate (6) link to each other, be provided with second heat pipe working medium check valve (3 b), its characterized in that on the heat pipe that heat pipe back condensation rack (7) and direct current variable frequency compressor (1) link to each other: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: the solar energy heats the heat pipes on the side evaporation plate (5) and the top evaporation plate (6) of the heat pipes, and the solar energy refracts and scatters to heat the heat pipes on the condensation net rack (7) on the back of the heat pipes;
wherein the radiation intensity of solar energy photo-heat is more than 500W/m2；
S2: at the moment, the loop heat pipe and the air conditioning system are driven to operate simultaneously through solar photo-thermal energy, so that the working medium in the loop heat pipe jacks a first heat pipe working medium one-way valve (3 a) and a second heat pipe working medium one-way valve (3 b), and the working medium in the loop heat pipe circulates in a loop formed by a direct-current variable-frequency compressor (1), a heat pipe side evaporating plate (5), a heat pipe top evaporating plate (6) and a heat pipe back condensing net rack (7);
s3: working media in the loop heat pipe are subjected to heat absorption and evaporation in pipelines of the heat pipe side evaporation plate (5) and the heat pipe top evaporation plate (6) to absorb a large amount of solar light and heat;
working media in the loop heat pipe release heat and condense in the pipelines of the direct-current variable-frequency compressor (1) and the heat pipe back condensation net rack (7), and heat the inlet air of the air conditioner outdoor unit (4) and the operation of the direct-current variable-frequency compressor (1), so that the direct-current variable-frequency compressor (1) is pumped and operates at low frequency.
4. The solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air conditioner control method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the loop heat pipe liquid storage capillary evaporation pipe section (2) comprises a liquid working medium storage space (21), a capillary net (22), an evaporation space (23) and a pipe wall (24), wherein the evaporation space (23) is located between the capillary net (22) and the pipe wall (24), and the liquid working medium storage space (21) is located in the middle of the capillary net (22).
5. The solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air conditioner control method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the resistance of the first heat pipe working medium one-way valve (3 a) and the second heat pipe working medium one-way valve (3 b) is 0.03-0.05Mpa, and the resistance of the loop heat pipe liquid storage capillary evaporation pipe section (2) is 0.01-0.02 Mpa.
6. The solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air conditioner control method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the heat pipe side evaporating plate (5), the heat pipe top evaporating plate (6) and the heat pipe back condensation net rack (7) are specifically set to be black aluminum alloy plate bodies.
7. The solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air conditioner control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: and a graphene auxiliary material is arranged in the black layer of the black aluminum alloy plate body.
8. The solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air conditioner control method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: and the loop heat pipe pipelines on the heat pipe side evaporation plate (5) and the heat pipe top evaporation plate (6) are integrally formed by adopting a blowing process or a welding process of an aluminum alloy plate body and a single pipeline.
9. The solar photo-thermal loop heat pipe air conditioner control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the heat pipe side evaporation plate (5) is arranged on the positive side.
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