CN114342618B

CN114342618B - Sugarcane seed stem seeder and sugarcane planter

Info

Publication number: CN114342618B
Application number: CN202111587264.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张长献; 刘应国; 常军应
Original assignee: Luoyang Chenhan Agricultural Equipment Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Luoyang Chenhan Agricultural Equipment Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-23
Filing date: 2021-12-23
Publication date: 2023-03-21
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-23
Also published as: CN114342618A

Abstract

A sugarcane seed stem seeding device and a sugarcane planter comprise two groups of conveying belts with opposite conveying directions, wherein one ends of the two groups of conveying belts are close to each other, and the other ends of the two groups of conveying belts are deviated and extended; the two groups of conveying belts are mutually close to one end to form an inclined section which is bent downwards and extends, the bottom ends of the inclined sections of the two groups of conveying belts oppositely enclose a seed stem groove for placing sugarcane seed stems, two inclined baffles are arranged in the middle of the seed stem groove, the tops of the two inclined baffles are opposite, and the lower parts of the two inclined baffles respectively extend towards the two conveying belts in an inclined manner; seed conveying grooves extending along the width direction of the conveying belts are distributed on the conveying belts, and the ends of the two groups of conveying belts, which are deviated from each other, are discharging ends extending to the upper part of the ditching device. Can automatically extract and convey sugarcane seed stems and throw seeds, and reduce the manual work load. The seeding area is increased by the two sets of conveying belts which convey reversely, and multi-row seeding can be realized simultaneously. Can stably evenly carry the sugarcane kind stem, realize even seeding, can not produce the card material phenomenon among the sugarcane transportation process, guarantee the reliability and the efficiency of seeding.

Description

Sugarcane seed stem seeder and sugarcane planter

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sugarcane planting machinery, in particular to a sugarcane seed stem seeding device and a sugarcane planter.

Background

At present, in sugarcane planting in China, two types of manual planting and mechanical planting are mainly adopted, and the manual planting is gradually replaced by the mechanical planting due to the fact that the operation steps are multiple, the working efficiency is low, the working strength is high and the like. The traditional sugarcane planter generally adopts a manual seed throwing mode to plant. For example, four operators need to be equipped on the machine tool to perform seed throwing operation on corresponding planting rows when four rows of sugarcane planting machines operate, a large amount of labor needs to be invested in each sugarcane planting season, and meanwhile, the problems that the sugarcane planting is uneven and the like easily occur due to manual seed throwing are solved. The existing automatic sowing planter schemes are of two types, one type is a whole-stem sugarcane cutting mode, whole-stem sugarcanes are loaded on the planter, conveyed to a cutting mechanism through a feeding device and cut into sections, and then sowed. Because the whole sugarcane is different in length, uniform feeding and seeding are difficult to realize. Another type of solution is to pre-cut the cane into segments, i.e., cane seed stalks. The planter directly extracts the seed stems of the sugarcanes from the material box for sowing. Because the seed stems of the sugarcane have different diameters and are straight and bent, the phenomenon of material blockage is easy to occur when the sugarcane is conveyed or fed, and uniform seeding is difficult to realize.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems that labor intensity of manual seed feeding is high, seeding of existing seeding equipment is uneven or material blocking is easy to occur, and provides a sugarcane seed stem seeding device and a sugarcane planter.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a sugarcane seed stem seeding device comprises two groups of oppositely arranged conveying belts with opposite conveying directions, wherein one ends of the two groups of conveying belts are close to each other, and the other ends of the two groups of conveying belts extend away from each other; the two groups of conveying belts are respectively provided with a bending section, so that one ends of the two groups of conveying belts, which are close to each other, form an inclined section which is bent downwards and extends, the bottom ends of the inclined sections of the two groups of conveying belts relatively enclose a seed stem groove for placing sugarcane seed stems, two inclined baffles are arranged in the middle of the seed stem groove, the tops of the two inclined baffles are opposite, and the lower parts of the two inclined baffles respectively extend obliquely towards the two conveying belts; seed conveying grooves which extend along the width direction and are matched with the size of the seed stems of the sugarcanes are distributed on the conveying belts, and the end, which is deviated from the two groups of conveying belts, of each conveying belt is a discharging end which extends to the upper part of the ditching device.

The driving shafts at the ends of the two groups of conveyor belts close to each other realize synchronous reverse operation through the gear engagement at the ends of the driving shafts.

The conveyer belt is a scraper chain conveyer belt, and seed conveying grooves matched with the size of the seed stems of the sugarcanes are formed between adjacent scrapers on the scraper chain conveyer belt.

An elastic baffle is arranged above the top of the inclined section of the conveying belt, and the lower end of the elastic baffle is in clearance fit with the conveying belt, so that the sugarcane seed stems trapped in the seed conveying groove can pass through the elastic baffle, and redundant sugarcane seed stems are blocked.

The sugarcane seed stalks falling from the discharging end of the conveying belt can be controlled to fall to the left side or the right side of the sugarcane guide plate at the deflection position of the sugarcane guide plate, and two guide grooves extending towards the left side and the right side of the sugarcane guide plate respectively are arranged below the sugarcane guide plate.

The sugarcane guide plate is connected to a rocker shaft, the rocker shaft is connected with a conveying belt shaft at the discharging end of the conveying belt through a transmission mechanism, and the sugarcane guide plate on the rocker shaft is driven to deflect and swing left and right through the rotation of the conveying belt shaft through the transmission mechanism.

The transmission mechanism comprises a shifting wheel arranged at the end part of the conveying belt shaft and a rocker arm connected to the end part of the rocker arm shaft, shifting teeth capable of shifting the rocker arm to deflect are arranged on the circumference of the shifting wheel, and the rocker arm is also connected with a return spring for driving the rocker arm separated from the shifting teeth to reset.

The outer side of the discharging end of the conveying belt is provided with a sugarcane blocking plate for blocking falling sugarcane seed stems and preventing the sugarcane seed stems from being too far away.

The invention also provides a sugarcane planter, wherein the front part of a main frame of the sugarcane planter is provided with a rotary tillage device, two groups of ditching devices are arranged behind the rotary tillage device, the sugarcane seed stem seeding device is transversely arranged above the rear part of the main frame, and the discharging ends of two conveying belts respectively extend to the upper parts of the two groups of ditching devices.

Each group of ditching devices is provided with a left ditching plow and a right ditching plow, and two guide grooves below the sugarcane guide plate in the sugarcane seed stem sowing device respectively extend to the inner sides of the two ditching plows.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: can automatically extract and convey sugarcane seed stems and throw seeds, and reduce the manual work load. The conveyer belt of two sets of reverse transport makes sugarcane seed stem can concentrate and place in the centre, carries to both ends and puts in and has increased the seeding area, can realize the multirow seeding simultaneously. The inclined section of the conveying belt is matched with the inclined baffle, the moving speed difference is formed between the sugarcane seed stems stacked in the seed stem groove, the sugarcane seed stems are enabled to roll, the function of straightening the sugarcane seed stem direction is played, the sugarcane seed stems fall into the seed conveying groove, and the material blocking can be prevented. The slope setting of conveyer belt makes the sugarcane seed stem that does not get into the fortune kind of groove can roll down naturally, can stably evenly carry the sugarcane seed stem, realizes even seeding. The structure that the seed stem groove is big at the top and small at the bottom enables the sugarcane to be free from material blocking during the conveying process, and ensures the reliability and efficiency of seeding.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic side-by-side view of a sugarcane seed-stem sowing device according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the sugarcane seed-stem sowing device (hidden side guard plate);

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the sugarcane planter of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the sugarcane planter of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the shaft side of the ditching device of the present invention.

The labels in the figure are: 1. the sugarcane seed stem seeding device comprises 1-1 parts of a sugarcane seed stem seeding device, a conveying belt, 1-2 parts of a bent plate chain, 1-3 parts of a scraping plate, 1-4 parts of a sugarcane seed stem, 1-5 parts of an elastic baffle, 1-6 parts of an inclined baffle, 1-7 parts of a gear, 1-8 parts of a sugarcane baffle, 1-9 parts of a sugarcane guide plate, 1-10 parts of a rocker shaft, 1-11 parts of a return spring, 1-12 parts of a shifting wheel, 1-13 parts of a guide groove, 1-14 parts of a transition support, 1-15 parts of a driving gear, 1-16 parts of a bearing seat, 1-17 parts of an intermediate wheel, 1-18 parts of a side guard plate, 1-19 parts of a seed stem groove, 1-20 parts of a conveying belt shaft, 1-21 parts of a rocker arm, 2 parts of a rotary tillage device, 3 parts of a main frame, 4 parts of a fertilizing device, 5 parts of a blanking hopper, 6 parts of a rear operation platform, 7 parts of a seat, 8 parts of a ditching plow, 9 parts of a soil separating plow, 10 parts of a rear soil separating mechanism, 12 parts of a film covering mechanism, 13 parts of a film covering mechanism, a main transmission box, 14 parts of a swing arm, 15 parts of a fixed guard rail, and a fixed shaft.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. The specific contents listed in the following examples are not limited to the technical features necessary for solving the technical problems to be solved by the technical solutions described in the claims. Meanwhile, the list is that the embodiment is only a part of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

As shown in figures 1 and 2, the sugarcane seed-stem sowing device comprises two groups of conveying belts 1-1, one ends of the two groups of conveying belts 1-1 are opposite and close to each other, and the other ends extend away from each other. The two groups of conveyor belts 1-1 are provided with a bending section, the sides far away from each other are approximately horizontal, and the sides near to each other are bent downwards and extend. The portion extending by bending downward is defined as an inclined section. In an implementation, a plurality of intermediate wheels 1-17 may be arranged to effect the bending and turning of the conveyor belt. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, four sets of intermediate wheels 1-17 are provided, and two sets of intermediate wheels 1-17 are provided for each set of conveyor belt 1-1, respectively, on the forward and return runs of the conveyor belt, for changing the conveying direction of the conveyor belt.

The bottom ends of the inclined sections of the two groups of conveying belts are close to each other and oppositely enclose a seed stem groove 1-19 similar to a V shape. The seed stem grooves 1-19 are used for placing the seed stems of the sugarcanes to be sowed. The conveying directions of the two groups of conveying belts 1-1 are opposite, and the sugarcane seed stems in the seed stem grooves 1-19 are respectively extracted and conveyed to two sides. Two inclined baffles 1-6 are arranged in the middle of the seed stem groove, the tops of the two inclined baffles are opposite, and the lower parts of the two inclined baffles extend obliquely to the two conveying belts 1-1 respectively. The bottom end of the inclined baffle plate 1-6 is in clearance fit with the conveying belt 1-1, the size of the clearance is ensured not to influence the normal operation of the conveying belt 1-1, and the sugarcane seed stems can be prevented from entering the clearance. The two inclined baffles can be two independently arranged plates or a whole plate formed by bending. The inclined baffle plate can be fixed on the side guard plates 1-18 at the side surfaces of the seed stem grooves 1-19, or a bracket is additionally arranged at a proper position for fixing. Since the inclined baffle 1-6 is stationary, the conveyer belt 1-1 moves upward toward the seed stem groove 1-19. The sugarcane seed stems close to the inclined section of the conveying belt 1-1 obtain upward acting force, and the sugarcane seed stems close to the inclined baffle plate 1-6 slide downwards towards the conveying belt 1-1 under the guiding action of the inclined baffle plate 1-6. Under the matching action of the inclined baffle plates 1-6 and the inclined sections of the conveying belts 1-1, the sugarcane seed stems in the seed stem grooves 1-19 can obtain the rolling arrangement effect, so that the sugarcane seed stems are parallel to the width direction of the conveying belts.

The conveying belt 1-1 can adopt a link plate chain conveying belt and consists of a bent plate chain 1-2 and a scraping plate 1-3 arranged on a chain bent plate. The space between the adjacent scraping plates 1-3 is a seed conveying groove, and the size of the space is matched with the size of the sugarcane seed stems 1-4, namely the width and the height of one seed conveying groove can only accommodate one sugarcane seed stem. During the operation of the conveyer belt 1-1, the sugarcane seed stems in the seed stem grooves 1-19 fall into the seed conveying grooves and move to the upper part of the inclined section of the conveyer belt 1-1 along with the operation of the conveyer belt. The redundant seed stalks of the sugarcanes which do not enter the seed conveying groove can roll along the inclined plane of the inclined section of the conveying belt and fall back into the seed stalk grooves 1-19 to wait for continuous conveying.

An elastic baffle plate 1-5 can be arranged above the top of the inclined section of the conveying belt. The lower end of the conveying belt is in clearance fit with the conveying belt 1-1, sugarcane seed stems trapped in the seed conveying groove can pass through the conveying belt, and redundant sugarcane seed stems which do not roll down along the inclined section of the conveying belt under the action of self gravity are blocked by the elastic baffle and finally roll down to the seed stem returning groove 1-19. The elastic baffle is made of a bendable elastic material, so that the phenomenon that too many seed stems of the sugarcane are produced or part of seed stems of the sugarcane enter a gap between the elastic baffle 1-5 and the conveying belt to cause material blockage can be avoided.

The sugarcane seed stems entering the seed conveying groove are conveyed continuously along with the conveying belts after passing through the elastic baffle plates 1-5, and the ends of the two groups of conveying belts, which are deviated from each other, are blanking ends which extend to the upper part of the ditching device. The seed stems of the sugarcanes falling from the discharging end of the conveying belt can fall in the ditches formed by the ditching device, so that the seeding is realized. In order to prevent the sugarcane seed stems falling from the feeding end of the conveying belt from being too far away under the inertia effect, the outer side of the feeding end of the conveying belt can be provided with sugarcane blocking plates 1-8 to block the falling sugarcane seed stems.

In addition to the above-described embodiments, the conveyor belt 1-1 may also adopt other similar structures. Only the seed conveying grooves extending along the width direction of the conveyer belt 1-1 are distributed on the conveyer belt 1-1 and can be enabled to move to the feeding end from the position close to the seed stem grooves 1-19.

As shown in figures 1 and 2, gears 1-15 are connected to the ends of the two groups of conveyor belts 1-1 close to each other, namely the ends of the drive shafts at the bottom ends of the inclined sections. The gears 1-15 of the two groups of conveyor belts are meshed to realize synchronous reverse operation. One of the gears 1-15 and the driving gear 1-15, the driving gear 1-15 is driven by the driving device to rotate, and then the two groups of conveying belts are driven to rotate reversely.

As shown in figures 1 and 5, a sugarcane guide plate 1-9 is arranged below the discharge end of the conveyer belt, and the sugarcane guide plate 1-9 is connected to a rocker shaft 1-10 and can deflect left and right by taking the rocker shaft 1-10 as a rotation center. The sugarcane seed stems falling from the feeding end of the conveying belt can be controlled to fall to the left side or the right side of the sugarcane guide plate 1-9 by controlling the deflection position of the sugarcane guide plate 1-9. When the sugarcane guide plate 1-9 deflects towards the left side, the right side of the sugarcane guide plate is opposite to the feeding end of the conveying belt, and the seed stems of the sugarcane fall to the right side of the sugarcane guide plate 1-9. Otherwise, the seed stems of the sugarcane fall to the left side of the sugarcane guide plate 1-9. The sugarcane seed stems are shunted by utilizing the left deflection and the right deflection of the sugarcane guide plates 1-9, and two rows of sugarcanes can be sowed simultaneously.

The sugarcane guide plate 1-9 can be driven in a manner that as shown in figures 1 and 2, a rocker shaft 1-10 of the sugarcane guide plate 1-9 is connected with a conveying belt shaft 1-20 at the discharging end of a conveying belt through a transmission mechanism, and the sugarcane guide plate 1-9 on the rocker shaft 1-10 is driven by the rotation of the conveying belt shaft 1-20 through the transmission mechanism, so that the left-right deflection swing of the sugarcane guide plate 1-9 and the rotating speed of the conveying belt shaft 1-20 (namely the conveying speed of the conveying belt) can be synchronized.

The transmission mechanism comprises shifting wheels 1-12 arranged at the end parts of the conveying belt shafts 1-20 and rocker arms 1-21 connected to the end parts of the rocker arms 1-10. The circumference of the thumb wheel 1-12 is provided with thumb teeth. When the shifting teeth rotate to the positions of the rocker arms 1 to 21 along with the shifting wheels 1 to 12, the rocker arms 1 to 21 can be shifted to deflect, and the sugarcane guide plates 1 to 9 are driven to deflect. The rocker arm is also connected with return springs 1-11. The shifting wheel 1-12 continues to rotate until the shifting teeth are separated from the rocker arm, and the return spring 1-11 drives the rocker arm to reset.

The transmission mechanism can also take other forms, for example comprising an eccentric connected to the end of the conveyor belt shaft 1-20, the rim of which is articulated via a connecting rod to a rocker arm 1-21. The conveying belt shaft 1-20 drives the eccentric wheel to rotate, further drives the connecting rod to reciprocate, and drives the rocker arm 1-21 to swing left and right. The transmission mechanism can also adopt other similar link mechanisms, and the description is not exhaustive.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 5, two guide grooves 1-13 are provided below the sugarcane guide plates 1-9. The two guide grooves 1-13 are respectively arranged at two sides of the sugarcane guide plate and respectively extend towards the left side and the right side of the sugarcane guide plate. The tail ends of the guide grooves 1-13 are arranged at the inner side of a ditching plow case of the ditching device through transition brackets 1-14. The sugarcane seed stems shunted by the sugarcane guide plates 1-9 can smoothly fall into the inner side of the ditching plow case under the guide of the two guide grooves 1-13 respectively to realize the correct falling point of the sugarcane seed stems.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the sugarcane seed stem sowing device 1 is disposed above the rear of the main frame 3 of the sugarcane planter. The front part of a main frame 3 of the sugarcane planter is provided with a rotary tillage device 2, the middle of the rotary tillage device is provided with a main transmission case 13, the main transmission case receives the rotary power of an external traction machine through a universal transmission shaft and transmits the power to a lower rotary cutter shaft to realize soil loosening and breaking operation; the traction machine of this example is a tractor. A fertilizing device 4 is arranged above the rotary tillage device 2. The fertilization devices can be provided with 1 set or 2 sets according to requirements, and the fertilization device is provided with 2 sets in the example; and fertilizer discharging hoppers 5 are arranged on the left side and the right side of the fertilizing device, and the fertilizer is introduced into the row side of the sugarcane by the discharging hopper connecting hoses to realize fertilization. The driving of the fertilizing device can be a mechanical mechanism and also can be an electric motor or a hydraulic motor. The fertilizer device of this example relies on the motor to connect the decelerator drive, and driving motor can take the electric energy on the tractor through the electric wire.

The sugarcane planter is suitable for the agriculture of sugarcane small double-row planting, namely two rows of sugarcanes are planted side by side, the space between the two rows of sugarcanes is small, and the two rows of sugarcanes are small. The distance between the two small double rows is larger, and the double rows are used for agricultural implements to pass through. The ditching device locate the rotary cultivator rear and install on main frame 3, the sugarcane planter be equipped with two sets of ditching devices, every ditching device of group corresponds a little double row of sugarcane, ditching device comprises preceding digger plough 9 and two ditching ploughs 8 about with, digger plough 9 makes preparation to the hack to both sides for sugarcane kind of stem ditching in advance, controls the position that the ditching plough corresponds a little double row of sugarcane in the sugarcane, moves ahead towards the sugarcane planting direction along with the sugarcane planter, the ditching operation is realized to the ditching plough.

The sugarcane seed stem seeding device 1 is transversely arranged above the rear part of the main frame 3, and the blanking ends of the two conveying belts 1-1 respectively extend to the upper parts of the two ditching devices. Two guide grooves 1-13 below the sugarcane guide plates 1-9 in the sugarcane seed stem sowing device respectively extend to the inner sides of the two furrow plows 8. The falling sugarcane seed stems 1-4 are uniformly divided into two rows under the action of the left-right swinging sugarcane guide plates 1-9 and fall into two guide grooves 1-13, and the sugarcane seed stems sequentially fall into corresponding sugarcane rows along with the forward movement of ditching by the ditching plow.

Furthermore, the ditching plough consists of an inner group of plough blades and an outer group of plough blades, the left ditching plough and the right ditching plough are arranged side by side, the adjacent group of plough blades are inner plough blades, and the outer plough blades continue to extend backwards and are bent outwards. A soil covering mechanism 11 is arranged between the outer plough blades of the left and right ditching ploughs, and the soil covering mechanism 11 comprises a soil covering plate. The outer plough blades are provided with U-shaped mounting holes, the soil covering mechanism 11 is mounted on the U-shaped mounting holes on the left outer plough blade and the right outer plough blade, so that the soil covering plate can be supported, the outer plough blades on the left side and the right side can be prevented from deforming due to extrusion of soil, the height of the soil covering plate can be adjusted through the U-shaped mounting holes if necessary, and then the soil covering thickness of the seed stems of the sugarcanes can be adjusted.

A film covering mechanism 12 is arranged behind the soil covering mechanism 11. The mulching film shaft of the mulching film mechanism is arranged on the outer plough blade through a swing arm 14 and a swing arm shaft connected with the swing arm. The swing arm 14 and the swing arm shaft can rotate around the fixed shaft 15 on the outer plough piece, the swing arm shaft drags the film rolling to move forward along with the sugarcane planter, and the mulching film rotates around the film landing shaft due to the friction of the ground to perform film laying operation.

The extension length of the outer plough piece is larger than the edge of the rolled film, soil gathered by the outer plough piece falls back to the inner side of the ditching due to the sudden loss of the blocking effect of the outer plough piece, the mulching film is already paved on the inner planting rows at the moment, and the fallen soil falls into the edge of the mulching film to perform film pressing operation.

The sugarcane planter can be hung behind a tractor, and the main frame 3 is pulled by a tractor suspension system to drive the whole machine to move. The rotary tillage device 2 can be connected with the rear output shaft of the tractor through a transmission mechanism. For example, as shown in fig. 4, a main transmission case 13 is provided on the main frame 3, and a rear output shaft of the tractor is connected to the main transmission case to introduce rotational power.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the drive mechanism employs a hydraulic motor. The hydraulic output of the tractor provides hydraulic power for the motor to drive the sugarcane seed stem seeding device 1 to operate. An overflow valve and a hydraulic speed regulating valve are also arranged on the hydraulic oil path, and the rotating speed of the driving gear can be changed through the speed regulating valve when necessary, so that the seeding speed of the sugarcane seed stems is changed.

The sugarcane planter disclosed by the invention can complete operations such as rotary tillage, fertilization, ditching, seeding, soil covering, film paving and the like through one-time operation, so that the labor investment required by a sugarcane planting link is greatly reduced while the seeding efficiency is improved.

The above description of the specific embodiments is only for the purpose of helping understanding the technical idea of the present invention and the core idea thereof, and although the technical solution is described and illustrated herein using the specific preferred embodiments, it should not be construed as limiting the present invention itself. Various changes in form and detail may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. Such modifications and substitutions are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a sugarcane kind stem seeder which characterized in that: the conveying device comprises two groups of oppositely arranged conveying belts (1-1) with opposite conveying directions, wherein one ends of the two groups of conveying belts are close to each other, and the other ends of the two groups of conveying belts are deviated and extended; the two groups of conveying belts (1-1) are respectively provided with a bent section, one ends of the two groups of conveying belts, which are close to each other, form an inclined section which is bent downwards and extends, the bottom ends of the inclined sections of the two groups of conveying belts oppositely enclose a seed stem groove (1-19) for placing sugarcane seed stems, two inclined baffles (1-6) are arranged in the middle of the seed stem groove, the tops of the two inclined baffles are opposite, and the lower parts of the two inclined baffles respectively extend obliquely towards the two conveying belts (1-1); seed conveying grooves which extend along the width direction and are matched with the size of the sugarcane seed stems (1-4) are distributed on the conveying belts (1-1), and the ends of the two groups of conveying belts which are deviated from each other are blanking ends which extend to the upper part of the ditching device; a sugarcane guide plate (1-9) capable of deflecting left and right is arranged below the discharging end of the conveying belt, the deflecting position of the sugarcane guide plate can control sugarcane seed stems falling from the discharging end of the conveying belt to fall to the left side or the right side of the sugarcane guide plate (1-9), and two guide grooves (1-13) respectively extending to the left side and the right side are arranged below the sugarcane guide plate; the sugarcane guide plates (1-9) are connected to rocker shafts (1-10), the rocker shafts are connected with conveying belt shafts (1-20) at the discharging ends of the conveying belts through transmission mechanisms, and the sugarcane guide plates (1-9) on the rocker shafts (1-10) are driven to deflect and swing left and right through the transmission mechanisms by the rotation of the conveying belt shafts (1-20); the transmission mechanism comprises a shifting wheel (1-12) arranged at the end part of the conveying belt shaft (1-20) and a rocker arm (1-21) connected to the end part of the rocker arm shaft (1-10), the circumference of the shifting wheel (1-12) is provided with shifting teeth capable of shifting the rocker arm (1-21) to deflect, and the rocker arm is also connected with a return spring (1-11) for driving the rocker arm separated from the shifting teeth to reset.

2. A sugarcane seed stem seeding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the driving shafts at the ends of the two groups of conveyor belts (1-1) close to each other are meshed through gears (1-15) at the ends of the driving shafts to realize synchronous reverse operation.

3. A sugarcane seed stem seeding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the conveying belt (1-1) is a scraper chain conveying belt, and seed conveying grooves matched with the sugarcane seed stems (1-4) in size are formed between adjacent scrapers (1-3) on the scraper chain conveying belt.

4. A sugarcane seed stem seeding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an elastic baffle (1-5) is arranged above the top of the inclined section of the conveying belt, and the lower end of the elastic baffle is in clearance fit with the conveying belt (1-1) so that the sugarcane seed stems trapped in the seed conveying groove can pass through the elastic baffle to block redundant sugarcane seed stems.

5. A sugar cane seed stem planting apparatus as recited in claim 1, further comprising: the outer side of the discharging end of the conveying belt is provided with a sugarcane blocking plate (1-8) for blocking falling sugarcane seed stems and preventing the falling sugarcane seed stems from being too far away.

6. A sugarcane planter having a sugarcane seed stem planting device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the front part of a main frame (3) of the sugarcane planter is provided with a rotary tillage device (2), two groups of ditching devices are arranged behind the rotary tillage device (2), the sugarcane seed stem seeding device (1) is transversely arranged above the rear part of the main frame (3), and the blanking ends of two conveying belts (1-1) respectively extend to the positions above the two groups of ditching devices.

7. A sugarcane planter as claimed in claim 6, wherein: each group of ditching devices is provided with a left ditching plow and a right ditching plow (8), and two guide grooves (1-13) below the sugarcane guide plates (1-9) in the sugarcane seed stem sowing device respectively extend to the inner sides of the two ditching plows (8).