CN114282385B - Image display method for hidden target - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an image display method aiming at a hidden target, which comprises the following steps: s1, carrying out pulse accumulation on a hidden target by using received reflection data through a modeling method; s2, processing the accumulated reflection data by adopting a dispersion compensation method, and removing interference waves based on a background cancellation method of self-adaptive least mean square; s3, obtaining a range profile of the detection target by utilizing transformation on the suppressed reflection data; s4, dividing the target range profile, reserving image data of a unit target each time, and obtaining an independent image by adopting a band-pass filter and an inverse transformation method; s5, carrying out original error correction on the independent target image by adopting a windowing iteration method, and S6, carrying out image imaging display on the detection target by utilizing a time inversion method. The invention can realize accurate imaging of the hidden target aiming at various interference problems of the hidden target.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of image imaging, in particular to a detection and image display method for a hidden target.
Background
In the prior art, there is a need for displaying images in many cases, for example, in the current security inspection process, detection devices (such as an X-ray detector, a metal detector, a magnetic needle, etc.) are required to be used for inspecting a static human body or carried articles, and for detecting and displaying and imaging hidden targets which are hidden behind some objects, there is a certain technical difficulty, such as solving the problem of interference caused by continuous change of the hidden targets, how to solve the problem of clutter interference, etc.
For detecting the hidden target, the traditional detection method comprises detection of the hidden target based on pulse offset, detection of the hidden target based on reflection data intensity and the like, but the detection method is easy to be interfered by the movement of the hidden target when the hidden target is continuously changed, so that the problems of missing imaging or inaccurate imaging exist when the image is displayed, the imaging of the hidden target is difficult to restore, and the image display of the hidden target cannot be accurately performed.
On the other hand, when a plurality of hidden targets are displayed together in an image, clutter is easily generated to interfere with each other, so that the final image display is inaccurate and the image of each hidden target cannot be accurately displayed.
Based on this, in the art, a method capable of accurately displaying an image of a hidden object has been studied.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an image display method for a hidden target, which is used for removing interference waves to obtain an accurate image display result of the hidden target.
Specifically, the invention provides an image display method for a hidden object, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, modeling the reflection data received by hidden object detection, which specifically comprises the following substeps:
s11, preliminarily representing the reflection data r (t) as:
wherein: a, a i To conceal the reflection amplitude of the target, the reflection amplitude exists in different repetition periods as a varying amount; b is the reflection amplitude generated by the stationary object, and is regarded as a constant value; n (t) is stationary Gaussian noise, t d Is the pulse width of the reflected signal, t is the time when the front of the reflected signal reaches the receiving end, -c imodN Delta is the modulation amount in the target reflection data; omega is the signal, iT f Repeating the cycle for the ith pulse;
s12, intercepting 1 st to 2 nd repetition periods in the reflection data and analyzing, wherein N is the intercepted specific number of repetition periods, and after analysis, the expression is expressed as:
s13, demodulating the formula (2), and changing into:
s14, performing coherent accumulation and average processing on the pulse in the formula (3) to obtain the following formula:
s15, carrying out further decomposition treatment on the formula (4) to obtain the compound:
wherein:
s16, equation (7) represents reflection data in N repeated periods, and subtraction processing is carried out on equation (6) and equation (7) to obtain:
s17, assume n i And (t) obtaining the linear combination of the expression (8) when the term (t) is white noise:
the white noise processing for equation (8) is simplified, and the reflection data is obtained as follows:
r(t)＝Aω(t-t d )+n(t) (10)
wherein,the amplitude of the reflected data to be detected;
step S2, obtaining the reflection data processed in the step S1, and removing interference waves by adopting a self-adaptive least mean square method, wherein the method specifically comprises the following substeps:
s21, the expression of interference wave removal is as follows:
b(t,n)＝w T (n)d(t,n) (11)
wherein b (t, n) represents the result of adaptive background cancellation, d (t, n) is the signal before cancellation, w T (n) is a T-sequence variation, where
w(n)＝[ω 0 (n),ω 1 (n),…,ω L (n)] T (12)
d(t,n)＝[d(t,n),d(t,n-1),…,d(t,n-L)] T (13)
w (n) is a weight coefficient vector, and d (t, n) is an input data vector;
s22, subtracting the background signal at the current moment from the background signal at the previous moment to obtain a difference valueCalculating to obtain error signalThe method comprises the following steps:
s23, substituting the formula (11) into the formula (14) to obtain a reflected signal after removing the interference wave by weight coefficient vector analysis, wherein the reflected signal is:
z(t,n)＝d(t,n)-b(t,n)＝w * (n)d(t,n) (15)
wherein the method comprises the steps of
w * (n)＝[-ω 0 (n),-ω 1 (n),…,-ω L (n)] T (16)
Wherein omega is L (n) is an input sequence;
s3, converting the reflected data after the interference wave is removed by using a wedge shape, and recording the received target reflected data into a two-dimensional array format by using a periodic signal on the assumption that a signal source transmits the data:wherein->Representing the fast time, t m =mt represents a slow time period,
the received reflected signal is:
wherein,to generate a delayed complex envelope; index item->In order to produce a delayed carrier phase shift,symbol c is the speed of light; f (f) c Is the center frequency; m is the number of the objects in the observation area; q i For the ith target scattering point number, the reflected signal is subjected to the fast time domain +.>The transformed reflection signal can be obtained after the transformation to the frequency domain (f) and the corresponding operation is as follows:
s4, carrying out reflection data separation on an imaging area of the detection target;
s5, carrying out original error correction before imaging on a detection target;
and S6, imaging the detection targets of the multiple targets.
Preferably, step S5 employs a windowed iterative method to gradually reduce the window width of the spectrum around a preset frequency.
Preferably, in step S4, the imaging area of the detection target is uniformly divided into a plurality of units, each time, the image data of one unit target is reserved, and other image data are removed, so as to obtain the image data when the detection target exists alone; this step is repeated for the other units to separate the reflection data.
Preferably, in step S6, the detection targets are imaged using a time reversal algorithm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) In the hidden target image display method provided by the invention, aiming at the problems of interference caused by continuous change of a hidden target, defects of the existing detection method and the like in the prior art, the invention provides an image display method aiming at the hidden target, and the method utilizes modeling of received reflection data to acquire pulse accumulation. And secondly, removing interference waves by using a background cancellation method of dispersion compensation and self-adaptive least mean square. And then, obtaining a range profile of the detection target by utilizing transformation on the reflected data after the interference wave is removed, and finally obtaining target imaging through methods of separation and extraction, windowing iteration, time reversal and the like, wherein the obtained target imaging is the imaging result of the hidden target.
(2) When the images of the plurality of hidden targets are imaged, the method can remove the interference of interference waves of the plurality of targets, and ensure that an accurate image display result of the hidden targets is obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an image display method for hidden objects according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a detection target employed in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a hidden object distribution diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4A is a graph of the processed reflected signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4B is a graph showing the result of imaging a hidden object according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in fig. 1, the image display method for a hidden object provided by the invention includes the following steps:
step S1, modeling the reflection data received by the hidden target, wherein the method specifically comprises the following substeps:
s11, preliminarily representing the reflection data r (t) as:
wherein: a, a i To conceal the reflection amplitude of the target, the reflection amplitude exists in different repetition periods as a varying amount; b is the reflection amplitude generated by the stationary object, and is regarded as a constant value; n (t) is stationary Gaussian noise, t d Is the pulse width of the reflected signal, t is the time when the front of the reflected signal reaches the receiving end, -c imodN Delta is the modulation amount in the target reflection data; omega is the signal, iT f Repeating the cycle for the ith pulse;
s12, intercepting 1 st to 2 nd repetition periods in the reflection data, analyzing, wherein N is the intercepted specific number of repetition periods, the 2 nd repetition period represents the selected number of repetition periods which are 2N in a plurality of repetition periods, and after analysis, expressing the expression as:
s13, demodulating the formula (2), and changing into:
s14, performing coherent accumulation and average processing on the pulse in the formula (3) to obtain the following formula:
s15, carrying out further decomposition treatment on the formula (4) to obtain the compound:
wherein:
s16, equation (7) represents reflection data in N repeated periods, and subtraction processing is carried out on equation (6) and equation (7) to obtain:
s17, assume n i And (t) obtaining the linear combination of the expression (8) when the term (t) is white noise:
the white noise processing for equation (8) is simplified, and the reflection data is obtained as follows:
r(t)＝Aω(t-t d )+n(t) (10)
wherein,the amplitude of the reflected data to be detected;
step S2, obtaining the reflection data processed in the step S1, and removing interference waves by adopting a self-adaptive least mean square method, wherein the method specifically comprises the following substeps:
s21, the expression of interference wave removal is as follows:
b(t,n)＝w T (n)d(t,n) (11)
wherein b (t, n) represents the result of adaptive background cancellation, d (t, n) is the signal before cancellation, w T (n) is a T-sequence variation, where
w(n)＝[ω 0 (n),ω 1 (n),…,ω L (n)] T (12)
d(t,n)＝[d(t,n),d(t,n-1),…,d(t,n-L)] T (13)
w (n) is a weight coefficient vector, and d (t, n) is an input data vector;
s22, calculating a difference value obtained by subtracting the background signal at the current moment and the background signal at the previous moment to obtain an error signalThe method comprises the following steps:
s23, substituting the formula (11) into the formula (14) to obtain a reflected signal after removing the interference wave by weight coefficient vector analysis, wherein the reflected signal is:
z(t,n)＝d(t,n)-b(t,n)＝w * (n)d(t,n) (15)
wherein the method comprises the steps of
w * (n)＝[-ω 0 (n),-ω 1 (n),…,-ω L (n)] T (16)
Wherein omega is L (n) is an input sequence;
s3, utilizing the keystone-shaped keystone transformation to the reflected data after the interference wave is removed, and recording the received target reflected data into a two-dimensional array format by assuming that a signal source transmits in a periodic signal:wherein->Representing the fast time, t m =mt represents a slow time period,
the received reflected signal is:
wherein,to generate a delayed complex envelope; index item->To produce a delayed carrier phase shift, symbol c is the speed of light; f (f) c Is the center frequency; m is the number of the objects in the observation area; q i For the ith target scattering point number, the reflected signal is subjected to the fast time domain +.>The transformed reflection signal can be obtained after the transformation to the frequency domain (f) and the corresponding operation is as follows:
by analysis and comparison, the coupling existing in the Doppler frequency and the frequency f is removed by adopting a linear coordinate transformation method, and the distance movement can be corrected after the coupling is removed. By using the transformation, a range profile of the detection target can be obtained.
S4, carrying out reflection data separation on an imaging area of the detection target;
s5, carrying out original error correction before imaging on a detection target;
and S6, performing imaging display on the detection target images of the multiple targets.
As shown in fig. 2, there is an obstacle between the hidden object and the detecting instrument, and thus there is a large error in displaying the image of the hidden object, especially when the hidden object moves or when there are a plurality of hidden objects, there are many interference waves and the error in displaying the image is large. The method can model the hidden targets, remove interference of interference waves, obtain images of the hidden targets with higher accuracy, and accurately detect the positions and the number of the hidden targets, thereby providing help for monitoring the hidden targets.
In a preferred embodiment, step S4, dividing the imaging area of the detection target into a plurality of units, each time reserving the image data of one unit target, and setting the data of the image interference part to zero to obtain the image data when the detection target exists alone; i.e. the method is similar to the method of filtering the image data of the detection target by using a band-pass filter, and then the filtered image data is inversely transformed and returned to the data domain. This step is repeated for the other units, i.e. for all units, to separate the reflection data.
In addition, in step S5, the original error before imaging the detection target is corrected, and the window width of the spectrum is gradually reduced around the preset frequency by adopting a windowing iteration method. In step S6, imaging of the detection target is performed by using a time reversal algorithm.
Since the target speed of motion is not fixed, there may be some acceleration. The spectrum of the target will have some spread. Before imaging the hidden target, a certain error compensation is performed, and a windowing iteration method can be adopted to gradually reduce the window width of the frequency spectrum around a preset frequency, so that the error is compensated to a certain extent. Finally, a time reversal imaging algorithm is utilized to achieve the aim of imaging multiple targets.
The following description is directed to one specific embodiment:
according to the above steps, 4 hidden targets are taken in the same imaging region, the dielectric constants of the background and the targets are set to 4 and 18 respectively, a Gaussian pulse signal of 1GHz is emitted from the source, the repetition period is set to T=0.25 ms, and the sampling frequency is set to f s The transmitted pulses were 64, the signal to noise ratio was set to-25 dB, the target profile was shown in fig. 3, and the final calculation was performed as described above.
Firstly, modeling a hidden target according to received reflection data; secondly, removing interference waves through a series of operations; then, the reflected data after the interference wave is removed is transformed by using a wedge shape, the reflected signal is transformed from a fast time domain (t) to a frequency domain (f), and the transformed reflected signal can be obtained by using corresponding operation; then, separating reflection data of an imaging area of the detection target, and correcting an original error before imaging the detection target; and finally, imaging the images of the detection targets on the multiple targets.
The target reflection signal obtained through the steps is shown in fig. 4A, and finally the imaging result is shown in fig. 4B through a transformation and windowing iterative method and a time inversion method, so that a clear image imaging result of the hidden target can be obtained. Therefore, the image display method aiming at the hidden target can accurately image the hidden object, and solves the problem that the interference item of the hidden target is removed in the prior art, so that the image of the real condition of the detection target is displayed to a greater extent.
The above examples are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. An image display method for a hidden object is characterized in that: which comprises the following steps:
step S1, modeling a hidden target by utilizing received reflection data, wherein the method specifically comprises the following substeps:
s11, preliminarily representing the reflection data r (t) as:
wherein: a, a i To conceal the reflection amplitude of the target, the reflection amplitude being the amount of variation present in different repetition periods; b is the reflection amplitude generated by the static hidden object and is regarded as a constant value; n (t) is stationary Gaussian noise, t d Is the pulse width of the reflected signal, t is the time when the front of the reflected signal reaches the receiving end, -c imodN Delta is the modulation amount in the reflection data of the hidden target; omega is the signal, iT f Repeating the cycle for the ith pulse;
s12, intercepting the 1 st to 2 nd repetition periods in the reflection data for analysis, wherein N is the intercepted repetition period with a specific number, and obtaining the following expression:
s13, demodulating the expression (2) to be expressed as an expression (3):
s14, performing coherent accumulation and average processing on the pulse in the expression (3) to obtain the following expression (4):
s15, carrying out further decomposition treatment on the expression (4) to obtain the following expression:
wherein:
s16, expression (7) represents reflection data in N repeated periods, and subtraction processing is carried out on expression (6) and expression (7) to obtain the following formula:
s17, assume n i And (t) obtaining the linear combination of the expression (8) when the term (t) is white noise:
the white noise processing for equation (8) is simplified, and the reflection data is obtained as follows:
r(t)＝Aω(t-t d )+n(t) (10)
wherein,the amplitude of the reflected data to be detected;
step S2, obtaining the reflection data processed in the step S1, and removing interference waves by adopting a self-adaptive least mean square method, wherein the method specifically comprises the following substeps:
s21, the expression of interference wave removal is as follows:
b(t,n)＝w T (n)d(t,n) (11)
wherein b (t, n) represents the result of adaptive background cancellation, d (t, n) is the signal before cancellation, w T (n) is a T-sequence variation, where
w(n)＝[ω 0 (n),ω 1 (n),…,ω L (n)] T (12)
d(t,n)＝[d(t,n),d(t,n-1),…,d(t,n-L)] T (13)
w (n) is a weight coefficient vector, and d (t, n) is a signal before cancellation;
s22, calculating a difference value obtained by subtracting the background signal at the current moment and the background signal at the previous moment to obtain an error signalThe method comprises the following steps:
s23, substituting the formula (11) into the formula (14) to obtain a reflected signal after removing the interference wave by weight coefficient vector analysis, wherein the reflected signal is:
z(t,n)＝d(t,n)-b(t,n)＝w * (n)d(t,n) (15)
wherein the method comprises the steps of
w * (n)＝[-ω 0 (n),-ω 1 (n),…,-ω L (n)] T (16)
Wherein omega is L (n) is an input sequence;
s3, converting the reflected data after the interference wave is removed by using a wedge shape, and recording the received target reflected data into a two-dimensional array format by using a periodic signal on the assumption that a signal source transmits the data:wherein->Representing the fast time, t m =mt represents a slow time period,
the received reflected signal is:
wherein,to generate a delayed complex envelope; index item->To produce a delayed carrier phase shift, symbol c is the speed of light; f (f) c Is the center frequency; m is the number of the objects in the observation area; q i For the ith target scattering point number, the reflected signal is subjected to the fast time domain +.>The transformed reflection signal obtained after the transformation to the frequency domain (f) and the corresponding operation is:
s4, separating reflection data of an imaging area of the detection target;
s5, correcting an original error before imaging the detection target;
step S6, imaging the images of the detection targets on the multiple targets.
2. The image display method for a hidden object according to claim 1, wherein: step S5 adopts a windowing iterative method to gradually reduce the window width of the frequency spectrum around a preset frequency.
3. The image display method for a hidden object according to claim 1, wherein: step S4, uniformly dividing an imaging area of the detection target into a plurality of units, and reserving image data of one unit target each time to obtain the image data when the detection target exists independently; the steps are repeated to separate the reflection data for all units.
4. The image display method for a hidden object according to claim 1, wherein: in step S6, the image of the detection target is imaged on the multiple targets by using a time reversal algorithm.
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