CN114243895A

CN114243895A - Vehicle and power supply system thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114243895A
Application number: CN202210096475.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵红杰; 毛志强; 王祯; 李鹏; 唐善政
Original assignee: Youpao Automotive Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhongguancun Technology Leasing Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-26
Filing date: 2022-01-26
Publication date: 2022-03-25
Anticipated expiration: 2042-01-26
Also published as: CN114243895B

Abstract

A vehicle and a power supply system thereof. The vehicle includes: two or more zone controllers; the power supply system includes: a master power supply device and a slave power supply device; the main power supply equipment and the auxiliary power supply equipment are used for supplying power to the more than two zone controllers in a grading manner. By adopting the scheme to supply power to the vehicle, the influence on the running of the vehicle can be reduced as much as possible.

Description

Vehicle and power supply system thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a vehicle and a power supply system thereof.

Background

In the existing vehicle, either a distributed electrical architecture or a domain centralized electrical architecture is adopted for power supply. The distributed electrical architecture is that each additional function of the vehicle requires an additional controller, and the vehicle battery supplies power to each controller. The centralized electrical architecture is a structure in which all control functions of the vehicle are integrated into one controller, and the controller is controlled by a vehicle battery.

However, whether the power supply is performed by adopting a distributed electrical architecture or a domain centralized electrical architecture, once a vehicle storage battery fails, the operation of the vehicle is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that: how to power a vehicle to minimize the impact of vehicle battery failure on vehicle operation?

In order to solve the above problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle power supply system, where the vehicle includes: two or more zone controllers; the system comprises: a main power supply device; a slave power supply device; two or more zone controllers; the main power supply equipment and the auxiliary power supply equipment are used for supplying power to the more than two zone controllers in a grading manner.

Optionally, the division of the area in which the two or more area controllers are located is related to the spatial position of each hardware in the vehicle.

Optionally, the method further comprises: and the whole area controller is connected with part or all of the area controllers.

Optionally, the master power supply device and the slave power supply device supply power to each controller in a hierarchical manner based on the automobile safety integrity level and distance of each controller.

Optionally, the slave power supply device is used for performing backup power supply on the controller with the highest safety integrity level of the automobile in each controller.

Optionally, the main power supply device supplies power to controllers of the same safety integrity level of the automobile in different controllers in a grading manner.

Optionally, the two or more zone controllers comprise: the automobile safety integrity level of the front zone controller and the rear zone controller is higher than that of the left zone controller and the right zone controller.

Optionally, the primary power supply device is connected with the front area controller; the front area controller is connected with the rear area controller and the vehicle-mounted controller.

Optionally, the slave power supply apparatus is connected with the front area controller.

Optionally, the main power supply device comprises: the main power supply, the main power supply protector and the main DC-DC converter.

Optionally, the slave power supply apparatus comprises: a slave power supply, a power supply protector and a slave DC-DC converter.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a vehicle which comprises the vehicle power supply system in any one of the embodiments.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:

by applying the scheme of the invention, on one hand, the vehicle power supply system is provided with not only the main power supply equipment but also the auxiliary power supply equipment, so that when the main power supply equipment fails, the auxiliary power supply equipment can ensure the vehicle to run, the low-voltage power supply redundancy of the whole vehicle is realized, and the influence on the vehicle running caused by the failure of the main power supply equipment is reduced; on the other hand, the vehicle comprises more than two area controllers, namely different area controllers are arranged in different areas of the vehicle for control, hardware in each area is independently controlled, the vehicle is different from the existing distributed electrical architecture or domain centralized electrical architecture, the vehicle belongs to the whole vehicle centralized electrical architecture for power supply, the number of the controllers in the vehicle can be reduced as much as possible, the arrangement space of the controllers in the vehicle is saved, and the connection difficulty of wiring harnesses is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic topology diagram of a vehicle power supply system in an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

At present, in an existing vehicle, a distributed electrical architecture is adopted for power supply, or a domain centralized electrical architecture is adopted for power supply. However, whether the power supply is performed by adopting a distributed electrical architecture or a domain centralized electrical architecture, once a vehicle storage battery fails, the operation of the vehicle is affected.

In view of the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle power supply system, which is different from an existing distributed electrical architecture or a domain centralized electrical architecture, and supplies power by using a whole vehicle centralized electrical architecture. In addition, the vehicle power supply system is provided with not only the main power supply equipment but also the auxiliary power supply equipment, so that when the main power supply equipment fails, the auxiliary power supply equipment can ensure the vehicle to run, the low-voltage power supply redundancy of the whole vehicle is realized, and the influence on the vehicle running caused by the failure of the main power supply equipment is reduced.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle power supply system, where the vehicle includes: two or more zone controllers; the system may include: the power supply system comprises a master power supply device and a slave power supply device. The main power supply equipment and the auxiliary power supply equipment are used for supplying power to the more than two zone controllers in a grading manner.

In a specific implementation, a corresponding sensor may be provided in each zone to collect corresponding information. The zone controller can control the actuators in the zones based on hardware resources in the zones, and further realize corresponding functions. Wherein, the number of functions that each zone controller can realize is more than two.

In a specific implementation, the vehicle power supply system may further include a full domain controller. The whole vehicle domain controller mainly completes several functions: receiving and forwarding network signals of the whole vehicle to realize network communication with each area controller; carrying out whole vehicle data fusion and analysis; storing the data file; information security; diagnostics, remote refreshes, etc. The whole vehicle area controller is arranged to realize network communication and network topology of each area controller and undertake powerful analysis and calculation functions, and is the core of the whole vehicle controller. The zone controller is the only controller for performing function control in the zone, and can transmit information with the whole vehicle zone controller.

Compared with the existing distributed electrical architecture, the controller with a single control function is not arranged any more, and any zone controller can realize more than two functions, so that the number of the controllers in the vehicle can be greatly reduced, the arrangement space of the controllers in the vehicle is saved, and the connection difficulty of the wire harness is reduced. Compared with a domain centralized electrical framework, the arrangement of each region controller can reduce the burden of the whole vehicle controller and better meet the vehicle requirements.

In a specific implementation, the whole domain controller may be a vehicle-mounted terminal, such as a vehicle-mounted computer. During remote control, a remote control end (such as a mobile phone) can be connected with the whole regional controller, and when the regional controller is required to be controlled and implemented, the whole regional controller can send a corresponding control instruction to the corresponding regional controller so as to implement remote control.

In specific implementation, the zone controller is connected with the whole vehicle zone controller through other zone controllers, or is directly connected with the whole vehicle zone controller. When the zone controller is connected with the whole vehicle zone controller through other zone controllers, the zone controller can only obtain the information transmitted by the whole vehicle zone controller through other zone controllers. When the zone controller is directly connected with the whole zone controller, the zone controller can only obtain the information transmitted by other zone controllers through the whole zone controller.

In specific implementation, the zone controller may drive the actuator in the zone based on the acquired information to implement a corresponding function, where the acquired information may be information transmitted to the zone controller by the entire zone controller, information collected by an information collector in the control subsystem, information transmitted to the zone controller by other zone controllers, and is not limited specifically.

It should be noted that, in a specific implementation, a part of the zone controllers of the entire vehicle system may be directly connected to the entire vehicle zone controller, and another part of the zone controllers may be connected to the entire vehicle zone controller through another zone controller. The connection mode between each zone controller and the whole vehicle zone controller can be the same or different.

In a specific implementation, the vehicle can be divided into a plurality of areas according to the spatial positions of hardware in the vehicle, and an area controller is arranged in each area.

For example, referring to fig. 1, hardware in the front compartment of the vehicle may be regarded as one area, and a front area controller 11 may be provided. Hardware in the rear compartment of the vehicle is taken as one area, and a rear area controller 12 is provided. Hardware on the left side of the vehicle is regarded as one zone, and a left zone controller 13 is provided. Hardware on the right side of the vehicle is taken as one zone, and a right zone controller 14 is provided. The entire zone controller 10 may communicate directly with the front zone controller 11 and the rear zone controller 12, and communicate with the left zone controller 13 and the right zone controller 14 through the front zone controller 11.

In a specific implementation, the hardware within the vehicle front compartment may include: the energy storage system and the driving system are used for realizing power hardware resources required by all functions of the energy storage system and the driving system, front cabin hardware resources required by all functions of a chassis braking system, a steering system, a suspension system, a front lamp and a wiper washing system, instrument desk hardware resources required by all functions of an intelligent cabin system, air conditioner hardware resources required by all functions of a refrigerating system and a heating system, seat hardware resources required by all functions of a driver seat, a co-driver seat and a rear seat, front roof hardware resources required by all functions of a skylight system and a roof lamp system and the like.

The front zone controller 11 can control power hardware resources to realize the high-voltage energy and driving functions of the whole vehicle. The front zone controller 11 can control the front cabin hardware resources to realize the functions of braking, steering, suspension, front lights, windscreen wipers and washing of the whole vehicle. The front zone controller 11 can control air conditioner hardware resources to realize the whole vehicle refrigeration and heating functions. The front zone controller 11 can control the front roof hardware resources to realize the functions of a skylight, a dome lamp and the like.

In a specific implementation, the hardware within the rear compartment of the vehicle may include: the system realizes the hardware resources of the rear roof required by all functions of the whole car networking, and realizes the hardware resources of the rear car body required by all functions of systems such as a rear lamp, a tail gate, passive safety, active safety, automatic driving, parking assistance and the like. The rear area controller 12 controls hardware of the rear roof area to realize the vehicle networking function of the whole vehicle. The rear zone controller 12 controls hardware of the rear vehicle body zone to realize functions of a rear light, a tail gate lock, passive safety, active safety, automatic driving, parking assistance and the like

In a specific implementation, the hardware on the left side of the vehicle may include: and the left door hardware resources required by all functions of the left front door and the left rear door are realized. The left area controller 13 can control hardware of the left door area, and functions of a left door window, a door lock and the like of the whole vehicle are achieved.

In a specific implementation, the hardware on the right side of the vehicle may include: hardware resources required for realizing all functions of the front right door and the rear right door. The right zone controller 13 can control hardware of the right door zone, and functions of a window, a door lock and the like of the right door of the whole vehicle are achieved.

It should be noted that, the setting of the zone controller in the vehicle, including but not limited to the description in the above embodiments, is not limited specifically.

In a specific implementation, referring to fig. 1, the main power supply device 15 may include: a main power supply 151, a main power supply protector 152, and a main direct current to direct current (DC-DC) converter 153. The main power supply 151 may be a main battery. The main power protector 152 may be a main fuse box to protect the main battery from power consumption. The main DC-DC converter 153 is configured to convert a DC input voltage into a DC voltage suitable for the input of the main power supply 151.

In some embodiments, the main power supply device 15 may not include the main DC-DC converter 153 when the DC input voltage itself is suitable for the main power supply 151 input.

Referring to fig. 1, the slave power supply device 16 may include: a slave power supply 161, a slave power protector 162, and a slave DC-DC converter 163. The slave power source 161 may be a slave battery. The slave power protector 162 may be a slave fuse box to electrically protect the slave battery. The slave DC-DC converter 163 converts a direct current input voltage into a direct current voltage suitable for input from the power supply 161.

In some embodiments, the slave power supply 16 may not include the slave DC-DC converter 163 when the DC input voltage itself is suitable for input from the power source 161.

In a specific implementation, the primary power supply device 15 is typically disposed in the front compartment of the vehicle, and the secondary power supply device 16 is typically disposed in the rear compartment of the vehicle. The output voltage of the main DC-DC converter 153 is input to the main power supply protector 152 through the power supply harness 1, and the main power supply protector 152 charges the main power supply 151 through the power supply harness 2. The main power supply 151 charges the main power supply protector 152 through the wire harness 3. The output voltage from the DC-DC converter 163 is input to the slave power protector 162 through the power supply harness a, and the slave power source 161 is charged from the power protector 162 through the power supply harness b. The slave power supply 161 charges the slave power protector 162 through the harness c.

In specific implementation, an Automobile Safety Integrity Level (ASIL) of the zone controller may be set according to actual conditions and requirements of the vehicle. There are four levels of ASIL, A, B, C, D for each, where a is the lowest level and D is the highest level. By supplying power to each controller in a grading way, each controller can meet the requirements of ASIL.

For example, in fig. 1, when the vehicle includes a full zone controller 10, a front zone controller 11, a rear zone controller 12, a left zone controller 13, and a right zone controller 14, in order to ensure vehicle operation, the full zone controller 10, the front zone controller 11, and the rear zone controller 12 generally need to satisfy an ASIL D class, and the left zone controller 13 and the right zone controller 14 satisfy an ASIL B class. Vehicle operation requires a priority to meet the power requirements of the ASIL D class controller.

In a specific implementation, for a part of the controllers, a control module for implementing a plurality of control functions is usually provided, wherein a part of the control modules has a large influence on the vehicle operation and needs to satisfy a high ASIL level, and another part of the control modules has a small influence on the vehicle operation and only needs to satisfy a low ASIL level. For example, referring to fig. 1, for a plurality of control modules of the front zone controller 11, a part of the control modules (e.g., a brake module, a steering module, a low voltage energy management module, a high voltage energy management module, etc.) has a large influence on the vehicle operation and needs to satisfy the ASIL D level, and another part of the control modules (e.g., a vehicle charging module, a vehicle headlamp control module, etc.) has a small influence on the vehicle operation and thus only needs to satisfy the ASIL B level. At this time, the front area controller 11 is a controller having dual ASIL levels.

In an implementation, the master power supply device and the slave power supply device may perform power supply in stages for each controller based on the ASIL level and the distance of each controller. The low-voltage power supply redundancy of the whole vehicle can be realized by adopting a master and slave power supply mode, and the running reliability of the vehicle is improved. Wherein, the distance refers to the physical distance from the controller to the power supply device.

In a specific implementation, the master power supply device can supply power to controllers in the same ASIL level in a grading mode according to the distance from each controller. Specifically, all controllers of the vehicle may be classified according to the ASIL classes, and the main power supply device may supply power to the controllers of different ASIL classes in a hierarchical manner through different power supply harnesses. In the controllers at the same ASIL level, the controller closest to the main power supply equipment is directly connected with the main power supply equipment, and then the controller directly connected with the main power supply equipment is used as a secondary power supply to supply power to the controller farther from the main power supply equipment.

It should be noted that the ASIL level of the controller as the previous stage power supply is equal to or higher than the ASIL level of the controller as the next stage power supply, so that it is ensured that the ASIL level requirement of the controller as the next stage is satisfied.

For example, referring to fig. 1, since the front zone controller 11, the left zone controller 13, and the right zone controller 14 are located close to the main power supply equipment 15, the main power supply equipment 15 can be provided to directly supply power to the front zone controller 11, the left zone controller 13, and the right zone controller 14.

Specifically, the main power supply device 15 can supply power to the front zone controller 11 through the third power supply harnesses 4 and 6, the left zone controller 13 through the third power supply harnesses 4 and 5, and the right zone controller 14 through the third power supply harnesses 4 and 7. At this time, the front zone controller 11, the left zone controller 13, and the right zone controller 14 are at the same power supply level.

For the front area controller 11, the rear area controller 12 and the entire area controller 10, since the rear area controller 12 and the entire area controller 10 are far away from the main power supply device 15, the main power supply device 15 can be set to directly supply power to the front area controller 11, and then the front area controller 11 supplies power to the rear area controller 12 and the entire area controller 10. Each zone controller load supplies power to the sensors and actuators in the zone.

Specifically, the main power supply device 15 supplies power to the front area controller 11 through the power supply harness 8 as a primary power source. The front zone controller 11 is used as a secondary power supply, and the entire zone controller 10 can be supplied with power through the power supply harness 9, and the rear zone controller 12 can be supplied with power through the power supply harness 11.

At this time, the main power supply device 15 supplies power to the front area controller 11 as a secondary power supply through two power supply wire bundles in common.

In specific implementation, the slave power supply device can supply power for the controller with the highest automobile safety integrity level in the controllers in a standby mode, so that the controller with the highest automobile safety integrity level can realize corresponding functions under the condition that the master power supply device fails, and the influence on the operation of a vehicle is reduced. When the main power supply equipment works normally, the auxiliary power supply equipment does not need to work, and therefore energy can be saved. When the slave power supply equipment works, the slave storage battery and the slave fuse box only ensure to meet the power supply requirement of the controller with the highest safety integrity level of the automobile, so the models of the slave storage battery and the slave fuse box can be smaller than that of the master power supply equipment, and the power supply redundancy is realized, the energy is saved, and the cost is optimal.

For example, referring to fig. 1, the front zone controller 11, the rear zone controller 12, and the entire zone controller 10 are the controllers of the vehicle having the highest ASIL level. The slave power supply device can supply power to the front area controller 11, the rear area controller 12, and the entire area controller 10 in a standby manner.

Since the front area controller 11 is a previous power supply of the rear area controller 12 and the entire area controller 10, the slave power supply device 16 may be connected to the front area controller 11 through the power supply harness d to supply power to the front area controller 11 in a standby manner, and then the front area controller 11 is connected to the entire area controller 10 through the power supply harness e to supply power to the entire area controller 10 in a standby manner, and is connected to the rear area controller 12 through the power supply harness f to supply power to the rear area controller 12 in a standby manner. Each zone controller load supplies power to the sensors and actuators in the zone.

For the controller simultaneously connected with the main power supply equipment and the auxiliary power supply equipment, a corresponding change-over switch can be arranged inside the controller to realize the switching between the main power supply equipment and the auxiliary power supply equipment. For example, referring to fig. 1, the front area controller 11 is connected to both the master power supply device 15 and the slave power supply device 16, and in this case, a changeover switch may be provided in the front area controller 11, and the changeover switch may be switched to connect to the slave power supply device and supply power from the slave power supply device when detecting that the master power supply device 15 is out of order. Whether the main power supply device 15 fails or not can be detected by detecting whether the output voltage or current of the main power supply device 15 reaches a preset threshold value or not.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a vehicle which comprises the vehicle power supply system in the embodiment.

In particular implementations, the vehicle may include any vehicle that requires control by a controller to perform the corresponding function. The whole vehicle area of the vehicle is divided, so that different area controllers are used for controlling in different areas.

The scheme of the invention mainly aims at pure electric vehicles, is different from a distributed electrical architecture and a domain centralized electrical architecture, is a whole vehicle centralized electrical architecture, adopts a power supply mode of a master-slave power supply and a grading power supply, realizes the low-voltage power supply redundancy of the whole vehicle, and simultaneously achieves the lowest energy loss and the optimal cost.

Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A vehicle power supply system characterized in that the vehicle comprises: two or more zone controllers; the system comprises:

a main power supply device;

a slave power supply device;

the main power supply equipment and the auxiliary power supply equipment are used for supplying power to the more than two zone controllers in a grading manner.

2. The vehicle electrical power supply system of claim 1, wherein the division of the zone in which the two or more zone controllers are located is related to the spatial location of each hardware within the vehicle.

3. The vehicle electrical supply system of claim 1, wherein the vehicle further comprises: and the whole area controller is connected with part or all of the area controllers.

4. The vehicle power supply system according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the master power supply apparatus and the slave power supply apparatus supply power to the respective controllers in stages based on the vehicle safety integrity level and the distance of the respective controllers.

5. The vehicle power supply system according to claim 4, wherein the slave power supply device is configured to perform backup power supply on a controller with a highest safety integrity level of the automobile among the controllers.

6. The vehicle power supply system according to claim 4, wherein the master power supply apparatus hierarchically supplies the controllers of the same vehicle safety integrity level among the controllers.

7. The vehicle power supply system according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the two or more zone controllers include: the automobile safety integrity level of the front zone controller and the rear zone controller is higher than that of the left zone controller and the right zone controller.

8. The vehicle electrical power supply system of claim 7, wherein the primary electrical power supply device is connected to the front area controller; the front area controller is connected with the rear area controller and the vehicle-mounted controller.

9. The vehicle electrical power supply system of claim 8, wherein the slave electrical power supply apparatus is connected with the front zone controller.

10. The vehicle power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the main power supply apparatus includes:

the main power supply, the main power supply protector and the main DC-DC converter.

11. The vehicle power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the slave power supply apparatus includes:

a slave power supply, a power supply protector and a slave DC-DC converter.

12. A vehicle characterized by comprising the vehicle power supply system of any one of claims 1 to 11.