CN114246926B - 一种治疗皮肤疣的外用中药组合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种治疗皮肤疣的外用中药组合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种治疗皮肤疣的外用中药组合物及其制备方法和应用,所述外用中药组合物由以下重量份的原料药制成:威灵仙50‑70份、薏苡仁20‑40份、生黄芪20‑40份、生白术20‑40份、莪术20‑40份、白花蛇舌草20‑40份、马齿苋10‑30份、丹参20‑40份。本发明在总结中医学古文献中治疗疣方法和多年临床经验的基础上,采用中药煎取药液后浸泡皮损处治疗皮肤疣,疗效确切,无明显毒副作用。相较于现代治疗手段,本发明中的治疗方法安全无痛,对患者,尤其是儿童患者十分友好,仅需要浸泡药液便可解决长期困扰的皮肤疣问题,更大程度上改善了患者的生活质量,便于临床推广应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药组合物技术领域,具体地说,涉及一种治疗皮肤疣的外用中药组合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
疣是一种临床常见的病毒感染性皮肤病,由人类乳头瘤病毒(Human PapillomaVirus,HPV)选择性感染表皮角质层所致,主要表现为皮肤或黏膜部位出现一个或多个皮色疣状赘生物。皮肤疣可发生于身体任何部位,常见于手指、手背、足缘、颜面部。根据其发病部位和临床表现可分为寻常疣、扁平疣和跖疣。患者初期一般无自觉症状,足底、趾间累及处行走时伴有疼痛,日久累及的范围逐渐扩大。本病具有一定自身接种性、传染性、复发性,可直接影响患者外表外貌,并容易因外伤、刮痕等造成疣的自体接种,使疣体增多,严重影响患者身心健康和生活质量。
流行病学调查表明,世界范围内病毒疣发病率约为10%,在学龄期儿童人群中可达10%-20%,尤其好发于存在免疫抑制者。疣虽具有一定的自愈性,但因该病存在自体及异体传染风险,且严重影响外貌美观及生活质量,故临床仍需及时进行干预。疣的治疗以破坏疣体,抑制表皮病理性增生,激发局部或全身免疫反应为主,现代医学多采用摧毁性治疗、抗增生治疗以及免疫疗法。摧毁性治疗主要包括外用水杨酸、硝酸银、酚等化学药物、液氮冷冻、外科手术、激光治疗以及光动力治疗等;抗增生治疗主要包括外用维生素D衍生物、蒽三酚、鬼臼树脂和鬼臼毒素等药物、局部注射博莱霉素以及封包疗法;免疫疗法主要包括外用咪喹莫特、接触免疫治疗以及自体疣植入等手段。上述疗法虽然临床应用较多,但存在一些副作用或不良反应,例如治疗不彻底,皮损容易复发,治疗后局部萎缩性疤痕形成,色素沉着等。寻找疗效确切且副作用较小的皮肤疣治疗方案,以解除患者痛苦,是当前医学领域内亟需解决的问题。
目前,现代医学治疗皮肤疣的方法主要以破坏疣体、调节局部皮肤生长、刺激局部或全身免疫反应为主,包括药物治疗、物理治疗和外科手术切除等。药物治疗作用机制明确,但存在耗时长,治疗不彻底,残留亚临床病灶或潜伏HPV病毒未完全杀灭,皮损容易复发等问题,且对顽固性、多发性疣的根治效果欠佳。物理治疗、外科切除等手段可直接破坏皮肤疣体,短期疗效显著,但不能抑制和清除病毒,无法降低复发率,且存在创面大、易感染、难愈合、治疗痛苦、易形成瘢痕和色素沉着等缺点,患者往往会因为害怕疼痛而放弃治疗。
中国专利文献CN202110032773.8公开了一种治疗皮肤疣的中药组合物及其应用,所述中药组合物由以下重量份的原料药组成:板蓝根30份、大青叶30份、赤芍12份、丹参30份、制香附18份、木贼27份、鸭跖草30份、红花27份、细辛15份、威灵仙45份、薏苡仁90份。中国专利文献CN202110621520.4公开了一种治疗寻常疣的中药组合物及其应用,所述中药组合物由以下重量份的原料药组成:夏枯草15份、生丹参30份、威灵仙15份、木贼10份、板蓝根15份、大青叶15份、皂角刺15份、鸭跖草10份、薏苡仁15份、制香附15份。但是关于本发明一种治疗皮肤疣的外用中药组合物及其制备方法和应用目前还未见报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术中的不足,提供一种治疗皮肤疣的外用中药组合物。
本发明的再一的目的是,提供所述外用中药组合物的制备方法。
本发明的另一的目的是,提供所述外用中药组合物的应用。
为实现上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案是:
一种治疗皮肤疣的外用中药组合物,所述外用中药组合物由以下重量份的原料药制成:威灵仙50-70份、薏苡仁20-40份、生黄芪20-40份、生白术20-40份、莪术20-40份、白花蛇舌草20-40份、马齿苋10-30份、丹参20-40份。
优选地,所述外用中药组合物由以下重量份的原料药制成:威灵仙55-65份、薏苡仁25-35份、生黄芪25-35份、生白术25-35份、莪术25-35份、白花蛇舌草25-35份、马齿苋15-25份、丹参25-35份。
更优选地,所述外用中药组合物由以下重量份的原料药制成:威灵仙60份、薏苡仁30份、生黄芪30份、生白术30份、莪术30份、白花蛇舌草30份、马齿苋20份、丹参30份。
为实现上述第二个目的,本发明采取的技术方案是:
以上任一所述外用中药组合物的制备方法,所述中药组合物的制备方法包括以下步骤:按重量份配比称取原料药,粉碎、混匀,得到药物混合物,加入相当于药物混合物总重量3-5倍的水,文火煎煮30-60分钟,过滤,收集滤液即得。
为实现上述第三个目的,本发明采取的技术方案是:
以上任一所述的外用中药组合物在制备治疗皮肤疣外用药物中的应用。
优选地,所述外用药物剂型为洗剂、贴剂、糊剂、软膏剂、凝胶剂、涂膜剂或巴布剂。
优选地,所述的皮肤疣包括寻常疣、扁平疣、跖疣或指疣。
本发明优点在于:
1、本发明外用中药组合物符合“君臣佐使”配伍原则,全方主要以清热解毒、活血散瘀、破结疗疮的药物为主。方中威灵仙、薏苡仁为君药,威灵仙祛风除湿、通络止痛,具有镇痛、抗微生物等作用,薏苡仁健脾利湿、除痹止泻、清热排脓,外用可直接作用于疣体,具有杀毒祛疣散结的功效;臣药为生黄芪、生白术、莪术,其中黄芪有补气固表、排脓止痛、泻火疗疮之功效,白术除湿和中益气,其所含有的众多化学成分具有抗肿瘤、提高免疫力等作用,莪术能破气中之血、消瘀通经,具有抗肿瘤、抗病毒等作用;佐以清热解毒之马齿苋、白花蛇舌草,可解毒于内、驱邪于外,防止掌跖疣皮损进一步加重,并能协助君药发挥清热解毒,祛疣散结之功效;丹参更是具有清热凉血、活血通经、散瘀止痛的功能;全方共奏清热解毒、破结疗疮、活血化瘀之功效。
2、本发明治疗皮肤疣临床疗效明确,无明显毒副作用,无创伤性损害,复发率低,患者依从性好,并且可以根据患者具体情况调整用药,值得在临床上大力推广及应用。
附图说明
图1.本发明治疗跖疣前后皮损表现图。
图2.本发明治疗跖疣前后皮损表现图。
图3.本发明治疗寻常疣前后皮损表现图。
图4.本发明治疗指疣前后皮损表现图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明提供的具体实施方式作详细说明。
实施例1本发明外用中药组合物的制备(一)
按重量份配比称取威灵仙60份、薏苡仁30份、生黄芪30份、生白术30份、莪术30份、白花蛇舌草30份、马齿苋20份、丹参30份。
实施例2本发明外用中药组合物的制备(二)
按重量份配比称取威灵仙50份、薏苡仁20份、生黄芪20份、生白术20份、莪术20份、白花蛇舌草20份、马齿苋10份、丹参20份。
实施例3本发明外用中药组合物的制备(三)
按重量份配比称取威灵仙70份、薏苡仁40份、生黄芪40份、生白术40份、莪术40份、白花蛇舌草40份、马齿苋30份、丹参40份。
实施例4本发明外用中药组合物的制备(四)
按重量份配比称取威灵仙55份、薏苡仁25份、生黄芪25份、生白术25份、莪术25份、白花蛇舌草25份、马齿苋15份、丹参25份。
实施例5本发明外用中药组合物的制备(五)
按重量份配比称取威灵仙65份、薏苡仁35份、生黄芪35份、生白术35份、莪术35份、白花蛇舌草35份、马齿苋25份、丹参35份。
实施例6本发明外用中药组合物的制备(六)
按重量份配比称取威灵仙55份、薏苡仁30份、生黄芪30份、生白术30份、莪术30份、白花蛇舌草30份、马齿苋20份、丹参30份。
实施例7本发明外用中药组合物的制备(七)
按重量份配比称取威灵仙55份、薏苡仁35份、生黄芪30份、生白术30份、莪术30份、白花蛇舌草30份、马齿苋20份、丹参30份。
实施例8本发明外用中药组合物的制备(八)
按重量份配比称取威灵仙55份、薏苡仁35份、生黄芪25份、生白术30份、莪术30份、白花蛇舌草30份、马齿苋20份、丹参30份。
实施例9本发明外用中药组合物的制备(九)
按重量份配比称取威灵仙55份、薏苡仁35份、生黄芪25份、生白术35份、莪术30份、白花蛇舌草30份、马齿苋20份、丹参30份。
实施例10本发明外用中药组合物的制备(十)
按重量份配比称取威灵仙55份、薏苡仁35份、生黄芪25份、生白术35份、莪术25份、白花蛇舌草30份、马齿苋20份、丹参30份。
实施例11本发明外用中药组合物洗剂的制备
按照实施例1-10任一所述的重量份配比称取各原料药,粉碎混匀,置于非金属容器浸泡2小时后,加水至3升,文火煎煮成2升,待水温下降至患者能够耐受,(两层医用纱布)过滤,收集滤液即得洗剂。
实施例12本发明外用中药组合物贴剂的制备
(1)按照实施例1-10任一所述的重量份配比称取各原料药,粉碎混匀,加入8-10倍量的水,煎煮两次,每次60分钟,趁热过滤,合并两次煎煮药液备用;
(2)上述药液经真空减压浓缩,除去水溶液,所得浸膏真空干燥;
(3)称取上述浸膏2g,加入药用甘油2-6ml,调成糊状,均匀的摊铺在固定大小的方形医用胶布上,四周边缘留出一定大小来固定胶布。
实施例13本发明外用中药组合物软膏剂的制备
(1)按照实施例1-10任一所述的重量份配比称取各原料药,加入8-10倍量的水,煎煮两次,每次60分钟,趁热过滤,合并两次煎煮药液备用;
(2)上述药液经真空减压浓缩,得到药液浓缩液;
(3)在浓缩液中加入蜂蜡和黄凡士林,温火煎熬搅拌,冷却成膏状物。
实施例14本发明外用中药组合物凝胶剂的制备
(1)按照实施例1-10任一所述的重量份配比称取各原料药,粉碎混匀,加入8-10倍量的水,煎煮两次,每次60分钟,趁热过滤,合并两次煎煮药液备用;
(2)上述药液经真空减压浓缩,得到药液浓缩液;
(3)将卡波姆加入甘油中研磨使其润湿,再加入少量蒸馏水研磨后,移到量杯中,另取三乙醇胺、羟苯乙酯、蒸馏水适量使其溶解,搅拌成凝胶状,再加适量蒸馏水搅匀;加入上述浓缩液,研磨均匀即得。
实施例15本发明外用中药组合物巴布剂的制备
(1)按照实施例1-10任一所述的重量份配比称取各原料药,粉碎混匀,加入8-10倍量的水,煎煮两次,每次60分钟,趁热过滤,合并两次煎煮药液备用;
(2)上述药液经真空减压浓缩,得到药液浓缩液;
(3)在浓缩液中加入山梨醇、甘油等常规巴布剂基质,搅匀,涂布于支持层,加入保护层即得。
实施例16本发明外用中药组合物治疗跖疣的临床试验
1临床资料
1.1一般资料
2021年1月至2021年11月于上海中医药大学附属岳阳中西医结合医院皮肤科就诊的跖疣患者60例。利用统计软件SPSS 25.00产生随机数字,将患者随机分为治疗组、西药对照组和中药对照组。
1.2诊断
1.2.1疾病诊断
一、中医诊断标准
参照中华人民共和国中医药行业标准《中医病证诊断疗效标准》(ZY/T001.1—94)。
(1)皮损初起为小的丘疹,渐增大,表面粗糙角化,灰黄或污灰色,圆形,中央稍凹,周围绕以增厚的角质环,因足底受压,皮损常不高出皮面,除去角质层后可见疏松的白色乳状角质物,边缘可见散在小的黑色出血点,数目从一个至数十个不等。
(2)好发于足跖前后受压处及趾部。
(3)有明显的压痛,用手挤压则疼痛加剧。
二、西医诊断标准
参照《中国临床皮肤病学》(赵辨主编,江苏科学技术出版社,2009年)。
(1)好发于足跖部位,初起为一细小发亮的丘疹,后渐增大、增多,表面角化,粗糙不平,灰褐、灰黄或污灰色,呈圆形,境界清楚,周围绕以稍高增厚的角质环。
(2)用小刀将表面角质削去,则见角质环与疣组织之间境界更加明显,中央为疏松的角质软芯,易被剔去,软芯的四周往往有散列的小黑点。
(3)有明显的挤压痛。
(4)组织病理检查:表面明显角化和棘层肥厚,表皮上部空泡形成成网状,乳头瘤样增生。
三、证候诊断
1.血燥证:足底或趾间赘疣隆起,表面粗糙,状如莲须,触碰压痛明显,局部皮肤干燥皲裂。舌淡红或有瘀点,苔薄白,脉弦。
2.湿热证:去除表面角化层后见疣体结节疏松,色灰或褐,大小不一,高出皮肤,多伴有脚湿气,皮下水疱,浸渍,糜烂,渗流滋水。舌黯红,苔薄,脉细。
1.3进入路径标准
(1)第一诊断必须符合跖疣的患者。
(2)近2周内曾使用其他治疗的患者或经治疗创口未愈者;鸡眼、胼胝、局部有严重感染者、免疫缺陷病患者等,不进入本路径。
(3)当患者同时具有其他疾病,但不需特殊处理也不影响第一诊断的临床路径流程实施时,可进入本路径。
1.4完成路径标准
(1)疣体消退或数目减少,挤压痛消失或减轻。
(2)皮损明显改善,皮损消退率≥30%。
1.5变异及原因分析
(1)病情变化,需要延长治疗时间,增加治疗费用。
(2)合并其他系统疾病,需要特殊处理,退出本路径。
(3)出现等严重皮肤感染等并发症,需进一步诊治,退出本路径。
(4)因患者及家属意愿而影响本路径执行时,退出本路径。
1.7疗效评价
参照国家中医药管理局1995年发布的中医药行业标准《中医病证诊断疗效标准》拟定。
1.7.1评价标准
(1)疾病疗效评价标准:
综合疗效评价以疣体数目、直径大小及挤压痛情况的总积分计算,疗效分四级判定。计算公式为(尼莫地平法):[(治疗前积分—治疗后积分)/治疗前积分]×100%。具体积分详见附表。
痊愈:皮损消退,无新发皮疹,积分值减少≥95%;
显效:皮损大部分消退,症状明显减轻,70%≤积分值减少<95%;
有效:皮疹较前变平,消退30%以上或有个别新疹出现,30%≤积分值减少<70%;
无效:皮疹无变化或消退不足30%,积分值减少<30%。
(2)皮损疗效评价标准:
根据治疗前后皮损面积变化情况确定皮损消退率,计算公式为:(治疗前面积—治疗后面积)/治疗前面积×100%。
痊愈:皮损消退率≥95%;
显效:70%≤皮损消退率<95%;
有效:30%≤皮损消退率<70%;
无效:皮损消退率<30%,或反增多。
总有效率=痊愈率+显效率+有效率计
(3)评价方法
1.疾病有效率:采用综合疗效评价积分进行疾病疗效标准评价,根据上述疗效判断标准,分别统计痊愈病例数、显效病例数、有效病例数、无效病例数,并与基线水平比较,计算出痊愈率、显效率、有效率和无效率。疗效评价积分一般以疗程结束时作为计算单元。
2.皮损有效率:采用皮损消退率进行皮损评价,并根据上述疗效判断标准,分别统计皮损痊愈病例数、显效病例数、有效病例数、无效病例数,从而判断其有效性。皮损结局一般以疗程结束时作为计算单元。
2方法
2.1治疗方法
治疗组:使用本发明中药组合物:威灵仙60份、薏苡仁30份、生黄芪30份、生白术30份、莪术30份、白花蛇舌草30份、马齿苋20份、丹参30份。水煎后取汁,每日一次,外用浸洗皮肤疣体部位。2周为一个疗程,连续治疗2个疗程。
中药对照组:大青叶15份、山豆根15份、薏苡仁20份、木贼15份、木蝴蝶15份、马齿苋20份、五味子10份、百部10份、威灵仙10份。水煎后取汁,每日一次,外用浸洗皮肤疣体部位。2周为一个疗程,连续治疗2个疗程。
西药对照组:使用干扰素α2b凝胶适量涂于患处,每日一次。
3结果
治疗后治疗组痊愈10例,显效6例,有效3例,治疗组总有效率为95%;中药对照组痊愈7例,显效5例,有效5例,治疗组总有效率为85%;西药对照组痊愈4例,显效4例,有效6例,治疗组总有效率为70%。经统计学分析治疗组治疗效果显著优于中药对照组和西药对照组(P<0.05),见表1。
表1三组患者疗效比较
4典型病例
(1)患者,女,23岁,患者自诉4个月前足底长出片状角质性肿物,未予重视,2月前片状角质性肿物增多。现可见右足底疣状增生物,2cm×5cm大小,角质性肿物,诊断为跖疣。中药外洗方治疗2周皮损变平,未见增多;治疗4周后跖疣完全脱落,痊愈后随访3月未再复发,见图1。
(2)患者,女,9岁,患者自诉2个月前无明显诱因出现绿豆或黄豆大小肤色丘疹,表面粗糙、质硬,于外院诊断为病毒性疣,经抗菌药涂抹治疗一周后效果不甚显著,两月前行液氮冷冻治疗。现足部赘生物再生,患者自诉有压痛,影响日常出行,诊断为跖疣。用中药外洗方治疗4周后,大部分疣脱落;外洗方8周后,患儿足底赘生物完全脱落,压痛消失,足底创面愈合,正常活动能力恢复,痊愈后随访1月未再复发,见图2。
实施例17本发明中药组合物治疗寻常疣的典型案例
患者,男,10岁,患者自诉10个月前足趾无明显诱因长出针尖大小的白色丘疹,未予治疗,9月前丘疹数目增多。现可见右足足趾疣状增生物,粟粒样大小,周围角质层增厚,诊断为寻常疣。经中药外洗方治疗2周后疣体消失,痊愈后随访9月未复发,见图3。
实施例18本发明中药组合物治疗指疣的典型案例
患者,女,11岁,患者自诉2个月前手指无明显诱因出现黄豆大小的角质性肿物,质硬,于外院诊断为病毒性疣,1月前行液氮冷冻治疗,治疗过程中因疼痛放弃。现手指疣状赘生物增多,呈灰褐色,周围角质环增厚,患者自诉有压痛,诊断为指疣。用中药外洗方治疗2周后,疣体完全脱落,见图4。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明方法的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和补充,这些改进和补充也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种治疗皮肤疣的外用中药组合物,其特征在于,所述外用中药组合物由以下重量份的原料药制成:威灵仙55-65份、薏苡仁25-35份、生黄芪25-35份、生白术25-35份、莪术25-35份、白花蛇舌草25-35份、马齿苋15-25份、丹参25-35份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的外用中药组合物,其特征在于,所述外用中药组合物由以下重量份的原料药制成:威灵仙60份、薏苡仁30份、生黄芪30份、生白术30份、莪术30份、白花蛇舌草30份、马齿苋20份、丹参30份。
3.权利要求1或2所述的外用中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述中药组合物的制备方法包括以下步骤:按重量份配比称取原料药,粉碎、混匀,得到药物混合物,加入相当于药物混合物总重量3-5倍的水,文火煎煮30-60分钟,过滤,收集滤液即得。
4.权利要求1或2所述的外用中药组合物在制备治疗皮肤疣外用药物中的应用。
5.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,所述外用药物剂型为洗剂、贴剂、糊剂、软膏剂、凝胶剂、涂膜剂或巴布剂。
6.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的皮肤疣是寻常疣、扁平疣、跖疣或指疣。
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