CN114239281B - Battlefield information ontology model construction method for multi-domain collaborative combat - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a battlefield information ontology model construction method for multi-domain collaborative combat, which relates to the technical field of ontology model design and construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ontology model design and construction, in particular to a battlefield information ontology model construction method for multi-domain collaborative combat.
Background
In the future, when a plurality of arms and classes of platforms (including aircrafts such as fighters, early warning machines and helicopters, ships such as aircraft carriers and driving vessels and other combat platforms on the ground, under the sea and in space) cross-domain cooperative combat, combat personnel need to acquire and process massive battlefield situations and command control information under the support of a combat net, and great challenges are brought to battlefield information management. In addition, when different kinds of equipment and different arms cooperate to combat, mutual understanding and interoperation are difficult to realize due to different information definitions, units and coordinate systems transferred between the equipment and the arms, but no relevant solution exists in China at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Against the background of the technology, the invention provides an aircraft carrier formation anti-air combat battlefield situation information model based on a body, which is used for decentralized battlefield situation information management, and the model not only comprises necessary battlefield situation and command control information in collaborative combat, but also comprises physical properties and interaction standards of the information, and the problem of interoperation of data of different types of platforms and different types of sensors can be solved by applying the body to combat information management.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a battlefield information ontology model construction method for multi-domain collaborative combat is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Step 1) determining the hierarchical structural elements of the information ontology: forming a preliminary information body hierarchical structure element, including battlefield situation information, basic concepts, a measuring system, unit information, value types, functional entities and interface information on the basis of the combing results of the internal and external interfaces of the system;
step 2) battlefield situation information ontology modeling: battlefield situation information is the main body of body modeling, and comprises friend and foe situation information, environment information, battlefield management information, command control information, auxiliary decision information and collaborative fire control information which are processed and stored by each platform when the air Taiwan Strait Exchange Association is used as a battlefield, and the battlefield situation information is divided into four types of bodies: battlefield management information, combat service information, platform interaction information and a support database;
step 3) basic conceptual modeling: the basic concept ontology model comprises all basic concepts related to battlefield situation information and is used for unit conversion and coordinate conversion identification among similar data;
step 4) modeling a measuring system: the measuring system body comprises all measuring systems and coordinate systems related to battlefield situation information, and the measuring systems comprise position, time, speed and angle information;
step 5) unit ontology modeling: the unit body comprises all units related to battlefield situation information;
step 6) modeling the value types: the value type body contains all value types related to battlefield situation information and bits used for defining the information, wherein the value types comprise integer types and floating point types;
Step 7) functional entity ontology modeling: the functional entity comprises a battlefield platform, a weapon, a sensor node and a battlefield command control and auxiliary decision-making subsystem for interface definition;
Step 8) interface ontology modeling: the interface body comprises data interfaces among all functional entities of the system, and the interface body items correspond to items of information blocks in the interface control files of all subsystems;
Step 9) modeling information ontology relation: developing 10 types of direct ontology relation modeling, wherein the direct relation comprises a containing relation, a battlefield situation information and value type relation, a battlefield situation information and measurement system relation, a battlefield situation information and basic concept relation, a battlefield situation information and interface relation, an interface and functional entity relation, a basic concept and unit relation and a basic concept and measurement system relation;
Step 10) reasoning the information ontology relationship, namely reasoning the indirect relationship, namely reasoning out the selectable units and measuring system range of the information through the relationship between the basic concepts and the units and the measuring system and the relationship between the information and the basic concepts, and checking whether the relationship between the information and the units and the measuring system is set correctly.
Preferably, in the battlefield situation information ontology modeling step:
The battlefield management information includes the following elements: environmental information, battlefield member information, and battlefield command information; the combat service information includes the following elements: enemy information, my task information, control information, engagement assessment information, and display control information;
The platform interaction information comprises the following elements: platform identity information, my fighter status information, my flight path information, weapon system information, sensor system information, network information;
the support database comprises the following elements: combat resource capability and configuration information, auxiliary decision experience data and system preset parameters.
Preferably, in the basic concept modeling step, ID, position, velocity, acceleration, time, probability, ratio, quality, and altitude information are included.
Preferably, in the modeling step of the measurement system: for an information body needing coordinate conversion, listing a coordinate system related to the information body in a measurement system, and associating the information body with the coordinate system; for information ontologies that do not require coordinate conversion, integer types are associated with "count" measurement systems, and fractional types are associated with "one-dimensional discrete" measurement systems.
Preferably, in the functional entity ontology modeling step, the functional entity ontology modeling step includes the following ontology items: platform, sensor, weapon, battlefield command control system, display/man-machine interaction system and middleware, wherein: the platform comprises a fighter plane, an aircraft carrier, a ship expelling machine, an early warning machine and an electronic warplane; the sensor comprises an electronic warfare, an airborne fire control radar, an airborne early warning radar and a carrier-borne radar; the weapon comprises an air-to-air missile and a ship-to-air missile.
The battlefield information ontology model construction method for multi-domain collaborative combat has the following beneficial effects:
The method provides an aircraft carrier formation anti-air combat battlefield situation information model based on the ontology, which is used for decentralized battlefield situation information management. The model contains both battlefield situation and command control information necessary in collaborative combat, and physical properties and interaction criteria of the information. The application of the body to battlefield information management can solve the problem of mutual understanding and interoperation of different types of sensor data of different types of platforms. The system is greatly convenient for future multi-weapon and multi-platform cross-domain collaborative combat, and can assist combat personnel to acquire and process massive battlefield situations and command control information under the support of a combat net.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic of the overall workflow of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the battlefield situation information class hierarchy information and description of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of basic concept class hierarchy information and description of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of measuring system class hierarchy information and description of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of unit class hierarchy information and description of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of median type class hierarchy information and description of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating hierarchical information and descriptions of functional entities according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating interface class hierarchy information and description of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:
An ontology is a system description of the real world objectively existing to express the most basic features that things have. The ontology is introduced to capture relevant domain knowledge, provide a common understanding of the domain knowledge, determine commonly accepted words within the domain, and present a clear definition of the relationships between these words from different hierarchical forms.
The body mainly comprises four layers of meanings: conceptual model, explicit, formalized, and shared. The conceptual model is a model obtained by abstracting related concepts of some phenomena in the objective world, and the meaning of the conceptual model is independent of specific environmental states; it is intended to clearly indicate that the concepts used and the constraints for using these concepts are well defined; formalizing refers to the fact that the ontology is computer readable, i.e., computer processable; sharing refers to the commonly accepted knowledge that is embodied in the ontology, reflecting the set of concepts recognized in the related art.
The ontology provides vocabulary for representing and communicating domain knowledge, and provides a relation set containing vocabulary terms on a concept level, so that the ontology can describe the semantics of information, can be used for fusion of heterogeneous data, and can achieve the following results by adopting an ontology technology:
a) Rich pre-defined vocabularies can be provided, and basic conditions are created for forming consistent battlefield information;
b) The expressed knowledge can support the conversion of all relevant information sources, and is beneficial to the real-time transmission of various information data in a battlefield space between different command control systems or the understanding and the application of different combat commanders;
c) The consistency management and the inconsistent data identification are supported, convenience can be provided for information management personnel to manage and process different information in the battlefield space, and the real-time processing of different types of battlefield information data is possible;
d) By providing shared terms, the method can play an important role in data information fusion, particularly in future combat knowledge integration, and provides conditions for forming uniform battlefield situation maps which can be understood and applied by different combat commanders. Meanwhile, various types of information such as command control information, equipment information and the like exist in a battlefield space for implementing the battlefield, so that the problem of fusion of the different types of data is solved, and the method is an important precondition for successfully implementing the integrated battlefield.
In this example, considering that the data ontology in the present solution is software-serviced, the ontology modeling uses the prot software developed by the university of Stanford medical college intelligence study group. The Prot g is suitable for model processing, class simulation and model exchange, can provide a large number of knowledge model architectures for users, supports the creation, visualization and manipulation of ontology functions of various expression forms, and meets the construction requirements of various ontologies of the users.
Regardless of the ontology modeling means, the design of the information ontology, the design of the ontology attributes and the relationship depend on the system design requirements, namely the functional requirements of the system operation and data management on the ontology model. The ontology defined by the system is also based on meeting the requirements of system operation and data management, and along with optimization of system design and deepening of knowledge of the ontology, the structure and the function of the ontology have an optimization space, and the supporting functions of the ontology to the system operation set during the ontology modeling include:
a) Coordinate and unit comparison function
Current functional design: enumerating a plurality of units or a plurality of measuring systems of the same variable for calling the middleware phase generating program.
Basic concepts, units and measurement systems of each information body are predefined, and when the same information has different units/coordinate systems, the information is written as a plurality of bodies. After the middleware identifies that two information bodies have the same basic concept and different units/coordinate systems, an internal function is called to carry out numerical conversion.
It should be noted that the conversion is limited to the same concept, and the conversion between different concepts such as mach number and vacuum speed is not possible.
B) Interface definition function
Current functional design: the association between the information body and the functional entity is realized by defining the functional entity and the interface information item list transmitted between the functional entities. The interface can be quickly viewed and changed using the ontology structure.
C) Default data substitution selection
Current functional design: using relationships between ontologies, the system calculates alternative values for the data in the absence of the necessary input data. Default data sources currently considered include: data substitution containing relationships, for example, substitution with weapon model in the absence of weapon type; the same concept replaces, for example, the lack of altitude with barometric altitude.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the information ontology modeling process and method are as follows:
Step 1) forming a preliminary information body hierarchical structure element on the basis of combing results of the internal interface and the external interface of the system.
In this embodiment, battlefield situation information: the information system field concept describing the battlefield situation is a non-basic concept established by combining basic concepts with other information entities. Taking the basic concept as a measurement standard, two information entities with the same basic concept measurement can realize the seamless conversion on logic;
Basic concept: the most basic concept of the descriptive information system exists as a basic information unit, and is not described more deeply, such as an ID. Meanwhile, a unit, a measure, a value range, a value limit and the like can be added to the field to realize the measure description and the dynamic conversion capability of the data, and the entity can have various logic realization, for example, the position can be measured by using longitude and latitude and can also be measured by using a reference system above a water level;
measurement system: the method is used for expressing the measure of the information entity according to a reference frame, such as that the unique identifier exists in a plurality of logic expression modes such as a globally unique identifier GUID or a unique character code;
units: standard quantities for metering entities, through definition of the relationship between frames of reference or units, whereby conversion of data can be achieved, mainly including conversion from unit to unit;
Value type: i.e., the value field of the description data, is specifically represented herein as a physical data type, such as integer, floating point, double precision floating point, etc., which may directly correspond to an interface definition language data type. An information entity may exist in a plurality of data types to support various platform representations, for example, longitude and latitude may be represented by floating point data types, and also may be represented by double-precision floating point numbers, but may be used to represent longitude and latitude whether floating point numbers or double-precision floating point numbers;
functional entity: describing a concept set of H battlefield related business processes, wherein a functional entity can output an interface or take the interface as input;
an interface: the interface serves as input or output of the functional entity, carries the information entity and provides information service for the irrelevant entities.
Step 2) battlefield situation information ontology modeling.
The battlefield situation information is the main body of body modeling, and comprises the friend-foe situation information, environment information, battlefield management information, command control information, auxiliary decision information, collaborative fire control information and the like which are processed and stored by each platform when the air Taiwan Strait Exchange Association is used together as a battlefield. It is divided into 4 classes of bodies: battlefield management information, combat service information, platform interaction information, and support databases.
The battlefield management information ontology model includes the following elements:
environmental information: the information of the entering room, weather, sea conditions, maps, special flight limited areas and the like is contained;
battlefield member information: the information of all fighters, identities, command control roles, platforms, identity authentication and the like is contained;
Battlefield command information: the method comprises the steps of management of a combat area, combat intention and task, electromagnetic control level, cooperative combat plan and the like.
The combat service information ontology model includes the following elements:
Enemy information: identification, state, threat assessment, flight path and killing result of the enemy-containing target; the method comprises the steps of including intentions and task identification results of enemy fighter groups;
My task information: information such as a my combat action plan, a weapon guidance plan, a weapon fire control calculation plan, a collaborative fire control plan, a relay guidance plan, a guidance execution plan and the like;
control information: the system comprises weapon control instructions, sensor control instructions and network control instruction information;
Engagement evaluation information: the comprehensive hit evaluation information comprises situation perception evaluation, target killing time evaluation, single hit evaluation and formation;
Displaying control information: the control energy information is displayed by the local authority and situation map.
It should be noted that the platform interaction information ontology model includes the following elements:
platform identity information;
Status information of the fighter plane;
my track information;
Weapon system information: the method comprises weapon configuration, weapon program, identity, state, fire control calculation, weapon control and missile track information of a single weapon;
Sensor system information: sensor identity, sensor status, sensor detection/tracking information;
Network information: the network attack record information comprises the network configuration and the network state of each platform.
The supporting database ontology model includes the following elements:
Combat resource capability and configuration information: battle platform capability, sensor capability, weapon capability, network communication capability, enemy platform configuration information;
Auxiliary decision experience data;
The system presets parameters.
Step 3) basic conceptual modeling.
The basic concept ontology model contains all basic concepts related to battlefield situation information and is used for unit conversion and coordinate conversion identification among similar data.
Step 4) modeling the measurement system.
The measuring system body should contain all measuring systems (coordinate systems) related to battlefield situation information, including measuring systems related to position, time, speed, angle and the like. For the information body that needs to be subjected to coordinate conversion, the coordinate systems to which it relates are listed in the measurement system and associated with these coordinate systems.
The information body of the coordinate conversion is not needed, the integer type is associated with a counting measuring system, and the decimal type is associated with a one-dimensional discrete measuring system.
The relative coordinate system of aircraft speed is: the ground coordinate system, the aircraft airflow coordinate system and the aircraft body coordinate system are provided with transformation matrixes of the coordinate systems.
The geographic position conversion coordinate system measurement system includes: geographic coordinate system (longitude, latitude and altitude), WGS8 coordinate system (geocentric coordinate system), local true north polar coordinate system (distance, azimuth) for conversion of range azimuth and geographic location.
Step 5) modeling the unit body.
The unit ontology contains all units involved in battlefield situation information.
Step 6) modeling the value types.
The value type body should contain all the value types that are involved in the battlefield situation information for defining bits of information. The value types mainly include 2 major classes: integer and floating, these 2 classes can be divided in detail according to the specific case.
Step 7) functional entity ontology modeling.
The functional entity should include a battlefield platform, weapons, sensor nodes, and a battlefield command control and auxiliary decision making subsystem for use by the interface definition.
Step 8) modeling the interface body.
Including the data interfaces between all the functional entities of the system. The interface body entry corresponds to an item of an information block in the interface control file of each subsystem.
Step 9) information ontology relation modeling requirements.
10 Types of direct ontology modeling were developed, as described in the following table:
Step 10) information ontology relation reasoning.
The reasoning of the indirect relation comprises the step of reasoning out the unit and the measuring system range which are selectable by the information through the relation between the basic concept and the unit and the measuring system and the relation between the information and the basic concept, and checking whether the relation between the information and the unit and the measuring system is set correctly or not, and the specific table is as follows:
It should be further noted that, the embodiment provides an aircraft carrier formation anti-air combat battlefield situation information model based on the ontology, which is used for decentralizing battlefield situation information management. The model contains both battlefield situation and command control information necessary in collaborative combat, and physical properties and interaction criteria of the information. The application of the body to battlefield information management can solve the problem of mutual understanding and interoperation of different types of sensor data of different types of platforms.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A battlefield information ontology model construction method for multi-domain collaborative combat is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Step 1) determining the hierarchical structural elements of the information ontology: forming a preliminary information body hierarchical structure element, including battlefield situation information, basic concepts, a measuring system, unit information, value types, functional entities and interface information on the basis of the combing results of the internal and external interfaces of the system;
step 2) battlefield situation information ontology modeling: battlefield situation information is the main body of body modeling, and comprises friend and foe situation information, environment information, battlefield management information, command control information, auxiliary decision information and collaborative fire control information which are processed and stored by each platform when the air Taiwan Strait Exchange Association is used as a battlefield, and the battlefield situation information is divided into four types of bodies: battlefield management information, combat service information, platform interaction information and a support database;
step 3) basic conceptual modeling: the basic concept ontology model comprises all basic concepts related to battlefield situation information and is used for unit conversion and coordinate conversion identification among similar data;
step 4) modeling a measuring system: the measuring system body comprises all measuring systems and coordinate systems related to battlefield situation information, and the measuring systems comprise position, time, speed and angle information;
step 5) unit ontology modeling: the unit body comprises all units related to battlefield situation information;
step 6) modeling the value types: the value type body contains all value types related to battlefield situation information and bits used for defining the information, wherein the value types comprise integer types and floating point types;
Step 7) functional entity ontology modeling: the functional entity comprises a battlefield platform, a weapon, a sensor node and a battlefield command control and auxiliary decision-making subsystem for interface definition;
Step 8) interface ontology modeling: the interface body comprises data interfaces among all functional entities of the system, and the interface body items correspond to items of information blocks in the interface control files of all subsystems;
Step 9) modeling information ontology relation: developing 10 types of direct ontology relation modeling, wherein the direct relation comprises a containing relation, a battlefield situation information and value type relation, a battlefield situation information and measurement system relation, a battlefield situation information and basic concept relation, a battlefield situation information and interface relation, an interface and functional entity relation, a basic concept and unit relation and a basic concept and measurement system relation;
Step 10) reasoning the information ontology relationship, namely reasoning the indirect relationship, namely reasoning out the selectable units and measuring system range of the information through the relationship between the basic concepts and the units and the measuring system and the relationship between the information and the basic concepts, and checking whether the relationship between the information and the units and the measuring system is set correctly.
2. The battlefield information ontology model construction method of multi-domain collaborative combat according to claim 1, wherein in the battlefield situation information ontology modeling step:
The battlefield management information includes the following elements: environmental information, battlefield member information, and battlefield command information; the combat service information includes the following elements: enemy information, my task information, control information, engagement assessment information, and display control information;
The platform interaction information comprises the following elements: platform identity information, my fighter status information, my flight path information, weapon system information, sensor system information, network information;
the support database comprises the following elements: combat resource capability and configuration information, auxiliary decision experience data and system preset parameters.
3. The battlefield information ontology model construction method of multi-domain collaborative combat according to claim 1, wherein the basic concept modeling step includes ID, location, speed, acceleration, time, probability, ratio, quality and altitude information.
4. The battlefield information ontology model construction method of multi-domain collaborative combat according to claim 1, wherein in the measuring system modeling step:
for an information body needing coordinate conversion, listing a coordinate system related to the information body in a measurement system, and associating the information body with the coordinate system;
For information ontologies that do not require coordinate conversion, integer types are associated with "count" measurement systems, and fractional types are associated with "one-dimensional discrete" measurement systems.
5. The battlefield information ontology model construction method of multi-domain collaborative combat according to claim 1, wherein the functional entity ontology modeling step includes the following ontology items: platform, sensor, weapon, battlefield command control system, display/man-machine interaction system and middleware, wherein:
The platform comprises a fighter plane, an aircraft carrier, a ship expelling machine, an early warning machine and an electronic warplane;
The sensor comprises an electronic warfare, an airborne fire control radar, an airborne early warning radar and a carrier-borne radar;
The weapon comprises an air-to-air missile and a ship-to-air missile.
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