CN114225120B - 一种可降解纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种可降解纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及生物医用材料领域,具体为一种可降解纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜及其制备方法。该方法通过孔型结构设计、预成型工艺以及真空退火处理相结合,提高变形均匀性,并消除变形产生内应力,极大地提高降解均匀性。采用一膜双涂层的特殊表面处理方法,使纯镁或镁合金膜一面获得光滑表面,抑制上皮细胞或结蹄组织的粘附和增生;另一面获得具有成骨功能的粗糙表面,促进骨组织的生长。另外,一膜双涂层还具有非对称降解特性,光滑面比粗糙面的耐蚀性更加优异;纯镁或镁合金膜非对称降解,可以实现屏障膜外层获得稳定的界面以屏蔽上皮细胞或结蹄组织,同时内层通过可控降解释放促成骨离子提高骨组织修复和整合效果。
Description
技术领域:
本发明涉及生物医用材料领域,具体为一种可降解纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜及其制备方法。
背景技术:
由于炎症等原因导致牙槽骨不足时,口腔种植修复前需要增加骨量。引导骨组织再生技术(GBR)是解决这一问题的常用方法。其中,GBR技术是指利用口腔屏蔽膜获得骨组织修复的物理空间,避免上皮细胞或结蹄组织,由于生长速度更快,导致骨组织空间被占据并抑制骨组织修复。口腔生物屏障膜的使用可以引导骨组织再生,改善修复效果。
理想的屏障膜需要获得以下性能:优异的生物相容性,无生物毒性;良好的屏蔽效果,避免上皮细胞或结蹄组织占据骨组织修复物理空间;良好的空间维持效果,具有较高的强度,避免修复过程中屏蔽膜塌陷占据骨组织修复物理空间;良好的组织整合效果,屏蔽膜能够与下方组织能够快速整合成一个整体;良好的可降解性能,避免不可降解屏蔽膜需要二次手术带来的痛苦和感染等风险以及成本投入。目前临床使用的不可降解膜主要是聚四氟乙烯和钛膜,可降解屏蔽膜主要是动物性胶原膜。可降解胶原膜具有良好的生物相容性和屏蔽效果在临床上大量使用,然而其力学强度较差,难以支撑和维持骨修复物理空间。因此,急需一种力学支撑效果更加优异的可降解口腔生物屏障膜。
针对上述问题,目前以开发了基于可降解镁合金的可降解口腔生物屏障膜。中国发明专利申请公开号CN107164673A和CN107260340A分别公布了一种可降解镁合金口腔生物屏障膜和一种牙槽骨缺损植骨区保护结构;中国发明专利申请公开号CN109620429A和CN113384755A分别公布了一种镁合金膜的激光加工方法和一种镁合金膜的多孔结构加工方法;中国发明专利申请公开号CN109331221A,CN111840647A和CN111939322A分别公布了一种将镁合金作为加强筋的复合口腔生物膜;中国发明专利申请公开号CN110882424A公布了一种镁合金表面制备贻贝粘蛋白BMP-2涂层增加生物功能性的口腔屏障膜。
然而,众所周知,镁合金的特点是过于活泼,在体内降解非常快;镁合金箔材更容易发生严重局部腐蚀。另外,镁合金作为口腔生物屏障膜时需要经过塑形过程,塑性变形将进一步加快局部降解速率。镁合金口腔生物膜降解过快,将导致机械性能迅速衰减,难以在口腔骨组织修复周期内满足力学支撑效果;同时,镁合金降解过快,产生的强碱性和大量氢气同样会抑制骨组织的修复。因此,亟待开发一种降解可控的,具有优异骨组织整合能力的可降解镁合金口腔生物屏障膜。
发明内容:
本发明的目的在于提供一种可降解纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜及其制备方法,解决镁合金口腔生物膜降解过快和骨组织整合效果不足的问题。
本发明的技术方案是:
一种可降解纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜的制备方法,镁合金中添加合金元素锌、锆、铜、锰、稀土元素中的一种或者两种以上,合金元素的总质量含量小于5%;
该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤一、将纯镁或镁合金薄板通过两道次以上轧制和真空退火获得纯镁或镁合金箔材;
步骤二、通过激光加工或机加工制备不同孔型的纯镁或镁合金膜;
步骤三、通过冷变形对纯镁或镁合金膜进行预成型,并通过真空退火消除内应力;
步骤四、在纯镁或镁合金膜外侧面制备光滑耐腐蚀涂层;
步骤五、在纯镁或镁合金膜内侧制备粗糙可控降解涂层;
步骤二中,设计不同形状孔并采用激光加工或机加工制备,在满足营养物质传递、阻碍上皮组织和结蹄组织增生的前提下,使纯镁或镁合金膜使用时沿颌骨边缘弯曲塑形时更加均匀;
步骤三中,采用硬质合金模具将纯镁或镁合金膜预成型为U型,之后在150~250℃真空去应力退火处理1~5h,使纯镁或镁合金膜在包覆颌骨弯曲塑形时变形量大幅减小;
步骤四中,采用高分子保护层涂覆纯镁或镁合金膜内侧面;采用质量浓度为30~50%的氢氟酸中室温浸泡4~24h制备光滑面氟化镁涂层;或者,配制混合溶液:NaOH 10~50g/L,Na4P2O7 10~50g/L和Na2SiO3·9H2O 10~50g/L,水余量;在混合溶液中室温浸泡4~24h,制备光滑面硅酸盐复合涂层;之后采用有机溶剂溶解高分子保护层;
步骤五中,采用高分子保护层涂覆纯镁或镁合金膜外侧面;首先,采用2~30g/L的KF水溶液室温浸泡5~40h;然后,配制混合溶液:20~80g/L NaNO3,5~50g/L Ca(H2PO4)2·H2O,质量浓度30%双氧水5~50mL/L,水余量;在混合溶液中20℃下浸泡5~40h,制备粗糙面钙磷化学沉积涂层;或者,采用电压300~450V,时间1~60min,电解液成分:Ca(OH)2 0.5~5g/L,KF 2~20g/L,(NaPO3)6 1~20g/L,水余量,制备粗糙面含钙磷微弧氧化涂层;之后采用有机溶剂溶解高分子保护层。
所述的可降解纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜的制备方法,纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜,外侧面光滑且耐腐蚀性能更加优异,内侧面粗糙且降解速率可控;纯镁或镁合金屏蔽膜自内侧向外侧逐层降解。
所述的可降解纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜的制备方法,纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜,采用预成型与孔型设计相结合,同时实现沿颌骨边缘和包覆颌骨弯曲塑形时变形更均匀,实现均匀降解。
所述的可降解纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜的制备方法,步骤二中,不同形状孔为圆形、方形或S形,呈阵列式排布,纯镁或镁合金膜的厚度范围为50~500μm。
所述的可降解纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜的制备方法,步骤四和步骤五中,高分子保护层的材料为聚碳酸酯或聚氨酯,有机溶剂采用二氯甲烷。
所述的可降解纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜的制备方法,步骤四中,氟化镁涂层的厚度范围为0.5~5μm,硅酸盐复合涂层的厚度范围为0.5~5μm。
所述的可降解纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜的制备方法,步骤五中,钙磷化学沉积涂层的厚度范围为2~50μm,含钙磷微弧氧化涂层的厚度范围为2~50μm。
本发明的设计思想是:
本法明采用特殊的可降解纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜制备方法。首先将纯镁或镁合金薄板通过多道次轧制和真空退火获得纯镁或镁合金箔材。设计不同孔型以提高变形均匀性,并通过激光加工或机加工制备纯镁或镁合金膜。通过冷变形对纯镁或镁合金膜进行预成型,并通过真空退火消除内应力,降低局部腐蚀倾向。采用一膜双涂层的特殊表面处理方法,使纯镁或镁合金膜一面获得光滑表面,抑制上皮细胞或结蹄组织的粘附和增生;另一面获得具有成骨功能的粗糙表面,促进骨组织的生长。另外,一膜双涂层还具有非对称降解特性,光滑面比粗糙面的耐蚀性更加优异;纯镁或镁合金膜非对称降解,可以实现屏障膜外层获得稳定的界面以屏蔽上皮细胞或结蹄组织,同时内层通过可控降解释放促成骨离子提高骨组织修复和整合效果。
本发明的优点及有益效果是:
1、本发明开发一种新型可降解纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜及其制备方法,通过孔型结构设计、预成型工艺以及真空退火处理相结合,提高变形均匀性,并消除变形产生内应力,极大地提高降解均匀性。
2、本发明创新地采用一膜双涂层的特殊表面处理方法,使纯镁或镁合金膜同时获得光滑和粗糙面以及非对称降解特性,同时实现抑制上皮细胞或结蹄组织增生和促进骨组织修复和整合的效果。
附图说明:
图1为新型可降解镁合金口腔生物屏障膜的两种代表性孔型设计:(a)圆形;(b)S形。
图2为新型可降解镁合金口腔生物屏障膜的一膜双涂层中不同涂层形貌:(a)氟化镁涂层;(b)钙磷化学沉积涂层;(c)含钙磷微弧氧化涂层。
具体实施方式:
在具体实施过程中,本发明可降解纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜及其制备方法,通过孔型结构设计、预成型工艺以及真空退火处理相结合,提高变形均匀性,并消除变形产生内应力,极大地提高降解均匀性。采用一膜双涂层的特殊表面处理方法,使纯镁或镁合金膜一面获得光滑表面,抑制上皮细胞或结蹄组织的粘附和增生;另一面获得具有成骨功能的粗糙表面,促进骨组织的生长。另外,一膜双涂层还具有非对称降解特性,光滑面比粗糙面的耐蚀性更加优异;纯镁或镁合金膜非对称降解,可以实现屏障膜外层获得稳定的界面以屏蔽上皮细胞或结蹄组织,同时内层通过可控降解释放促成骨离子提高骨组织修复和整合效果。
以下实施例对本发明做进一步说明。这些实施例仅是本发明的部分实施例,并不对本发明的范围有任何限制。
实施例1
本实施例中,可降解镁合金口腔生物屏障膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、将含Zn 2%、Nd 0.5%的镁合金薄板通过三道次轧制和200℃真空退火2h,获得厚度为200μm的镁合金箔材。
步骤二、通过激光加工制备出呈阵列式排布的圆孔均匀分布在镁合金膜,如图1(a)中所示。
步骤三、采用硬质合金模具将镁合金膜预成型为U型,之后在200℃真空去应力退火处理1h消除内应力。
步骤四、采用聚氨酯喷涂至镁合金膜内侧面形成保护层。采用浓度为40%(质量分数)的氢氟酸中室温浸泡12h制备光滑面氟化镁涂层,厚度为2μm,如图2(a)所示。之后采用二氯甲烷将聚氨酯保护层完全溶解。
步骤五、采用聚碳酸酯喷涂至镁合金膜外侧面形成保护层。首先,采用10g/L的KF水溶液室温浸泡20h;然后,配制混合溶液:30g/LNaNO3,20g/LCa(H2PO4)2·H2O,质量浓度30%双氧水20mL/L,水余量;在混合溶液中20℃下浸泡24h,制备粗糙面钙磷化学沉积涂层,厚度为20μm,如图2(b)所示。之后采用二氯甲烷将聚碳酸酯保护层溶解。
从表1中可以看出,制备的镁合金屏障膜纵向拉断力为51.2N,横向延伸率为28.2%,力学性能优异;外侧面粗糙度为0.49μm,内侧面粗糙度为2.43μm,达到预期目标;外侧面腐蚀速率为0.012mm/y,内侧面腐蚀速率为0.034mm/y,实现了不对称降解行为。
实施例2
本实施例中,可降解镁合金口腔生物屏障膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、将含Zn2%、Nd0.5%的镁合金薄板通过四道次轧制和200℃真空退火2h,获得厚度为200μm的镁合金箔材。
步骤二、通过激光加工制备出呈阵列式排布的圆孔均匀分布在镁合金膜,如图1(a)中所示。
步骤三、采用硬质合金模具将镁合金膜预成型为U型,之后在200℃真空去应力退火处理1h消除内应力。
步骤四、采用聚氨酯喷涂至镁合金膜内侧面形成保护层。采用浓度为40%(质量分数)的氢氟酸中室温浸泡12h制备光滑面氟化镁涂层,厚度为2μm,如图2(a)所示。之后采用二氯甲烷将聚氨酯保护层完全溶解。
步骤五、采用聚碳酸酯喷涂至镁合金膜外侧面形成保护层。采用电压400V,时间30min,电解液成分:Ca(OH)2 2g/L,KF 10g/L,(NaPO3)6 13g/L,水余量,制备粗糙面含钙磷微弧氧化涂层,厚度为20μm,如图2(c)所示。之后采用二氯甲烷将聚碳酸酯保护层溶解。
从表1中可以看出,制备的镁合金屏障膜纵向拉断力为49.8N,横向延伸率为27.3%,力学性能优异;外侧面粗糙度为0.46μm,内侧面粗糙度为3.89μm,达到预期目标;外侧面腐蚀速率为0.014mm/y,内侧面腐蚀速率为0.46mm/y,实现了不对称降解行为。
实施例3
本实施例中,可降解镁合金口腔生物屏障膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、将含Zn2%、Nd0.5%的镁合金薄板通过五道次轧制和200℃真空退火2h,获得厚度为200μm的镁合金箔材。
步骤二、通过激光加工制备出呈阵列式排布的S形孔均匀分布在镁合金膜,如图1(b)中所示。
步骤三、采用硬质合金模具将镁合金膜预成型为U型,之后在200℃真空去应力退火处理1h消除内应力。
步骤四、采用聚氨酯喷涂至镁合金膜内侧面形成保护层。采用浓度为40%(质量分数)的氢氟酸中室温浸泡12h制备光滑面氟化镁涂层,厚度为2μm,如图2(a)所示。之后采用二氯甲烷将聚氨酯保护层完全溶解。
步骤五、采用聚碳酸酯喷涂至镁合金膜外侧面形成保护层。首先,采用10g/L的KF水溶液室温浸泡20h;然后,配制混合溶液:30g/LNaNO3,20g/LCa(H2PO4)2·H2O,质量浓度30%双氧水20mL/L,水余量;在混合溶液中20℃下浸泡24h,制备粗糙面钙磷化学沉积涂层,厚度为20μm,如图2(b)所示。之后采用二氯甲烷将聚碳酸酯保护层溶解。
从表1中可以看出,制备的镁合金屏障膜纵向拉断力为46.5N,横向延伸率为42.4%,力学性能优异;外侧面粗糙度为0.42μm,内侧面粗糙度为2.76μm,达到预期目标;外侧面腐蚀速率为0.011mm/y,内侧面腐蚀速率为0.31mm/y,实现了不对称降解行为。
实施例4
本实施例中,可降解镁合金口腔生物屏障膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、将含Zn 2%、Nd 0.5%的镁合金薄板通过六道次轧制和200℃真空退火2h,获得厚度为200μm的镁合金箔材。
步骤二、通过激光加工制备出呈阵列式排布的圆孔均匀分布在镁合金膜,如图1(b)中所示。
步骤三、采用硬质合金模具将镁合金膜预成型为U型,之后在200℃真空去应力退火处理1h消除内应力。
步骤四、采用聚氨酯喷涂至镁合金膜内侧面形成保护层。采用浓度为40%(质量分数)的氢氟酸中室温浸泡12h制备光滑面氟化镁涂层,厚度为2μm,如图2(a)所示。之后采用二氯甲烷将聚氨酯保护层完全溶解。
步骤五、采用聚碳酸酯喷涂至镁合金膜外侧面形成保护层。首先,采用摩尔浓度0.2M的KF水溶液室温浸泡20h;然后,配制混合溶液:30g/LNaNO3,20g/L Ca(H2PO4)2·H2O,质量浓度30%双氧水20mL/L,水余量;在混合溶液中20℃下浸泡24h,制备粗糙面钙磷化学沉积涂层,厚度为20μm,如图2(c)所示。之后采用二氯甲烷将聚碳酸酯保护层溶解。
从表1中可以看出,制备的镁合金屏障膜纵向拉断力为44.8N,横向延伸率为40.2%,力学性能优异;外侧面粗糙度为0.53μm,内侧面粗糙度为3.61μm,达到预期目标;外侧面腐蚀速率为0.009mm/y,内侧面腐蚀速率为0.49mm/y,实现了不对称降解行为。
表1新型可降解镁合金口腔生物屏障膜的性能
实施例结果表明,本发明通过多道次轧制和真空退火、不同孔型设计和激光加工或机加工,结合预成型和真空退火技术,使镁合金屏障膜获得优异的力学性能。通过一膜双涂层的特殊表面处理方法,实现了镁合金屏障膜内外表面的光滑和粗糙表面以及不对称降解,满足了可降解镁合金口腔生物屏障膜的性能要求。以上实施例仅用来说明本发明,但不限制本发明的适用范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种可降解纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜的制备方法,其特征在于,纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜,外侧面光滑且耐腐蚀性能更加优异,内侧面粗糙且降解速率可控;纯镁或镁合金屏蔽膜自内侧向外侧逐层降解;
所述的可降解纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜的制备方法,镁合金中添加合金元素锌、锆、铜、锰、稀土元素中的一种或者两种以上,合金元素的总质量含量小于5%;
该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤一、将纯镁或镁合金薄板通过两道次以上轧制和真空退火获得纯镁或镁合金箔材;
步骤二、通过激光加工或机加工制备不同孔型的纯镁或镁合金膜;
步骤三、通过冷变形对纯镁或镁合金膜进行预成型,并通过真空退火消除内应力;
步骤四、在纯镁或镁合金膜外侧面制备光滑耐腐蚀涂层;
步骤五、在纯镁或镁合金膜内侧制备粗糙可控降解涂层;
步骤二中,设计不同形状孔并采用激光加工或机加工制备,在满足营养物质传递、阻碍上皮组织和结蹄组织增生的前提下,使纯镁或镁合金膜使用时沿颌骨边缘弯曲塑形时更加均匀;
步骤三中,采用硬质合金模具将纯镁或镁合金膜预成型为U型,之后在150~250℃真空去应力退火处理1~5h,使纯镁或镁合金膜在包覆颌骨弯曲塑形时变形量大幅减小;
步骤四中,采用高分子保护层涂覆纯镁或镁合金膜内侧面;采用质量浓度为30~50%的氢氟酸中室温浸泡4~24h制备光滑面氟化镁涂层;或者,配制混合溶液:NaOH 10~50g/L,Na4P2O7 10~50g/L和Na2SiO3·9H2O 10~50g/L,水余量;在混合溶液中室温浸泡4~24h,制备光滑面硅酸盐复合涂层;之后采用有机溶剂溶解高分子保护层;
步骤五中,采用高分子保护层涂覆纯镁或镁合金膜外侧面;首先,采用2~30g/L的KF水溶液室温浸泡5~40h;然后,配制混合溶液:20~80g/L NaNO3,5~50g/L Ca(H2PO4)2·H2O,质量浓度30%双氧水5~50mL/L,水余量;在混合溶液中20℃下浸泡5~40h,制备粗糙面钙磷化学沉积涂层;或者,采用电压300~450V,时间1~60min,电解液成分:Ca(OH)2 0.5~5 g/L,KF 2~20g/L,(NaPO3)6 1~20g/L,水余量,制备粗糙面含钙磷微弧氧化涂层;之后采用有机溶剂溶解高分子保护层。
2.按照权利要求1所述可降解纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜的制备方法,其特征在于,纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜,采用预成型与孔型设计相结合,同时实现沿颌骨边缘和包覆颌骨弯曲塑形时变形更均匀,实现均匀降解。
3.按照权利要求1所述可降解纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤二中,不同形状孔为圆形、方形或S形,呈阵列式排布,纯镁或镁合金膜的厚度范围为50~500μm。
4.按照权利要求1所述可降解纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤四和步骤五中,高分子保护层的材料为聚碳酸酯或聚氨酯,有机溶剂采用二氯甲烷。
5.按照权利要求1所述可降解纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤四中,氟化镁涂层的厚度范围为0.5~5μm,硅酸盐复合涂层的厚度范围为0.5~5μm。
6.按照权利要求1所述可降解纯镁或镁合金口腔生物屏障膜的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤五中,钙磷化学沉积涂层的厚度范围为2~50μm,含钙磷微弧氧化涂层的厚度范围为2~50μm。
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CN105079888A (zh) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-11-25 | 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 | 镁材料作为口腔gtr或gbr膜材料的应用 |
US20200139017A1 (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2020-05-07 | Meko Laserstrahl-Materialbearbeitungen E.K. | Stent made of a bio-degradable magnesium alloy with a magnesium fluoride coating and an organic coating |
CN108159506A (zh) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-06-15 | 浙江理工大学 | 一种基于镁合金的可吸收引导组织再生膜及其制备方法 |
CN111840647A (zh) * | 2019-04-25 | 2020-10-30 | 深圳兰度生物材料有限公司 | 可吸收屏障膜及其制备方法 |
CN113648467A (zh) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-16 | 百思博睿医疗科技(苏州)有限公司 | 一种双面异构可降解金属膜及其制备方法 |
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