CN114206338A - 作为pd-l1抑制剂的二氢化茚类 - Google Patents
作为pd-l1抑制剂的二氢化茚类 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114206338A CN114206338A CN202080050331.XA CN202080050331A CN114206338A CN 114206338 A CN114206338 A CN 114206338A CN 202080050331 A CN202080050331 A CN 202080050331A CN 114206338 A CN114206338 A CN 114206338A
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Abstract
本文提供式(I)或式(II)表示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或前药或生物异构体,其中R1、R2a、R2b、R2c、R3、R4、R5、R6a、R6b、R2a’、R2b’、R2c’、R3’、R4’、R5’、R6a’、R6b’、Y、Y’以及下标m和n如本文定义的:
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
根据U.S.C.§119(e),本申请要求2019年7月10日提交的美国临时申请号62/872,541的优先权,其公开内容通过引用全文合并于此。
关于对在联邦政府资助的研究和开发下做出的发明的权利的申明
不适用
对提交到光盘上的“序列清单”、表格和计算机程序附录的引用
不适用
发明背景
程序性细胞死亡蛋白1(PD-1)是DC28超家族的一员,其通过与两个配体PD-L1或PD-L2相互作用传递负信号。PD-1及其配体广泛表达,在T细胞激活和耐受中发挥广泛的免疫调节作用。PD-1及其配体参与降低感染免疫和肿瘤免疫,并促进慢性感染和肿瘤进展。
PD-1通路的调节在人类疾病中具有治疗潜力(Hyun-Tak Jin等人,当代微生物学和免疫学(2011);350:17-37)。PD-1通路的阻断已成为癌症治疗中有吸引力的靶点。阻断程序性细胞死亡(PD-1)免疫检查点通路的治疗抗体能够阻止T细胞下调,促进免疫应答以对抗癌症。几种PD-1通路抑制剂已在不同阶段的临床试验中显示出强大的活性(RD Harvey,临床药理学和治疗学(2014);96(2),214-223)。
需要能够阻断PD-L1与PD-1或CD80相互作用的试剂。已开发出几种抗体已并实现了商业化。一些非肽小分子的专利申请已经发表(Bristol-Myers Squibb的WO 2015/160641、WO 2015/034820、、WO 2017/066227和WO2018/009505;Aurigene的WO 2015/033299和WO 2015/033301;Incyte的WO 2017/070089,US 2017/0145025,WO 2017/106634,US2017/0174679,WO2017/192961,WO2017/222976,WO2017/205464,WO2017/112730,WO2017/041899和WO2018/013789,Maxinovel的WO2018/006795和ChemoCentryx的WO2018/005374)。尽管如此,仍然需要一些可替代的化合物,例如小分子作为PD-L1的抑制剂,并且这些化合物在口服给药、稳定性、生物利用度、治疗指数和毒性方面具有优势。
发明概要
一方面,本发明提供的化合物为通式(I)或通式示(II)表示的化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐或前药或生物异构体,式中:
R1、R2a、R2b、R2c、R3、R4、R5、R6a、R6b、R2a’、R2b’、R2c’、R3’、R4’、R5’、R6a’、R6b’、Y、Y’以及下标m和n定义如下。
除了本发明提供的化合物外,本发明还提供了含有其中一种或多种化合物的药物组合物以及与此类化合物的制备和使用有关的方法。在一些实施例中,将所述化合物用于与PD-1/PD-L1通路疾病相关的治疗方法中。
附图说明
无
发明详述
缩略词和定义
本发明使用的术语“一”、“一个”不仅包括一成员的诸方面,也包括多成员的诸方面。例如,除非上下文有明确规定,单数形式的“一”、“一个”和“该”包括复数形式。因此,例如对“细胞”的引用包括多个这样的细胞,对“试剂”的引用包括引用本领域技术人员已知的一种或多种试剂,等等。
本发明使用的术语“大约”“近似”通常指根据测量的性质或精度所测量的量的可接受的误差程度。典型的、示例性的误差程度在给定值或值范围的20%以内,优选在10%以内,更优选在5%以内。另外,特别是在生物体系中,术语“大约”“近似于”可能指的是在给定值的数量级以内,优选在5倍以内,更优选在2倍以内的值。除非另外说明,否则本发明给出的数值为近似值,这意味着在没有明确说明的情况下,其可用术语“大约”或“近似”来表示。
除非另外说明,术语“烷基”本身或其作为另一个取代基的一部分是指一条含有指定数目碳原子的直链或支链的碳氧基团(例如C1-8表示1-8个碳原子)。烷基的例子包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、t-丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、正戊基、正己基、正庚基、正辛基等等。术语“烯基”是指含有一个或多个双键的不饱和烷基基团。类似地,术语“炔基”是指含有一个或多个三键的不饱和烷基基团。烯基的例子包括乙烯基、2-丙烯基、辛烯基、2-异戊烯基、2-(丁二烯基)、2,4-戊二烯基和3-(1,4-戊二烯基)。炔基的例子包括乙炔基、1-和3-丙炔基、3-炔丁基以及高级同源异构体。
术语“环烷基”是指具有指定环原子数的烃环或环(例如C3-6环烷基),并且是完全饱和的或在环顶点之间具有不超过一个双键。“环烷基”也指双环或多环烃环,例如二环[2.2.1]庚烷、二环[2.2.2]辛烷等。双环或多环可以是稠合的、桥接的、螺环或其组合。
术语“杂环烷基”或“杂环基”是指含有从氮、氧、硫原子中所择的1-5个杂原子的环烷基,其中氮和硫原子被选择性氧化,氮原子被选择性季铵化。杂环烷基可以是单环、双环或多环体系。双环或多环可以是稠合的、桥接的、螺环或其组合。应当理解的是,举例来说,C4-12杂环基是指含有4-12个环成员的基团,其中至少一个环成员是杂原子。非限制性的例子包括吡咯烷、咪唑烷、吡唑烷、丁内酰胺、缬内酰胺、咪唑烷、四唑酮、内隐素、二氧杂环、酞酰亚胺、哌啶、1,4-二氧杂环、吗啉、硫代吗啉、硫代吗啉-s-氧化物、硫代吗啉-s s-氧化物、哌嗪、吡喃、吡啶酮、3-吡咯烷、硫吡啉、吡咯烷、四氢呋喃、四氢噻吩、喹啉等。杂环烷基基团可通过环碳或杂环子附着到分子的其余部分上。
术语“亚烷基”本身或作为取代基的一部分是指从烷烃衍生出来的二价基团,例如-CH2CH2CH2CH2-。亚烷基可以是直连的,也可以是支链的。例如-CH2C(CH3)2CH2-、-CH2C(CH3)2-或-CH(CH3)CH2CH2-。一个典型的烷基(或亚烷基)含有1-12个碳原子,本发明优选8个或更少碳原子的基团。类似地,亚烯基和亚炔基分别指的是含有双键或三键的不饱和的亚烷基。
术语“烷氧基”、“烷基胺基”和“烷基硫氧基”(或硫烷氧基)以它们的常规意义使用,并且分别指通过氧原子、氨基或硫原子附着在分子的其余部分的烷基基团。此外,对于二烷基氨基基团,烷基部分可以是相同或不同的,也可以与氮原子结合形成一个3-7分子环。相应地,一个以-NRaRb表示的基团旨在包括哌啶基、吡咯烷基、吗啉基、氮杂环丁基等。
除非另外说明,术语“卤”或“卤素”本身或作为取代基的一部分是指氟、氯、溴或碘原子。此外,术语“卤代烷”包括单卤代烷和多卤代烷。例如,术语“C1-4卤代烷”包括三氟乙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、4-氯丁基、3-溴丙基等。如上所述,术语“羟烷基”或“烷基-羟基”是指至少一个(最多三个)氢原子被一个羟基取代的烷基基团。对于烷基,羟基烷基可以有任意合适数量的碳原子,如C1-6。典型的羟基烷基包括但不限于羟甲基、羟乙基(羟基在1或2位)、羟丙基(羟基在1、2或3位)和2,3-二羟丙基。
除非另外说明,术语“芳基”是指一种多不饱和的、通常是芳香族的烃基,其可以是稠合在一起或共价连接的单环或多环(最多三环)。
术语“杂芳基”是指5-10元的芳香环(或环),其有1-5个各自选自氮、氧或硫原的杂原子环顶点,其中氮和硫原子可被选择性氧化,氮原子(S)可被选择性季铵化。杂芳基可通过一个杂原子附着在分子的其余部分上。据了解,“C5-10杂芳基”是指有5到10个环成员的杂芳基,其中至少有一个环成员是杂原子。芳基的非限制性例子包括苯基、萘基和联苯,而杂芳基的非限制性例子包括吡啶基、吡啶嗪基、吡嗪基、嘧啶二酰、三嗪基、喹啉基、喹啉基、喹啉基、喹啉基、喹啉基、喹啉基、邻苯甲嗪基、邻苯甲嗪基、苯并三嗪基、嘌呤基、苯并咪唑基、苯并三嗪基、苯并三唑基、苯并恶唑基、异苯并呋喃基、异吲哚基、吲哚嗪基、苯并三嗪基、噻吩嘧啶基、噻吩嘧啶基、吡唑基、苯并噻吩基、吲哚基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、异噻唑基、异噻唑基、吲唑基、蝶啶基、咪唑基、三唑基、四唑基、恶唑基、异恶唑基、噻二唑基、吡咯基、噻唑基、呋喃基、硫烯基等。上述芳基和杂芳基环体系各自的取代基选自以下所述的可接受的取代基团。
当将以上所述的任意术语(如“烷基”、“芳基”和“杂芳基”)称为“取代的”而对取代基没有进一步描述时,所示基团的取代形式将如下所述。
烷基基团(包括通常称为亚烷基、烯基、炔基和环烷基的那些基团)的取代基可以是选自如下的各种基团:-卤素n、-OR'、-NR'R"、-SR'、-SiR'R"R"、OC(O)R'、-C(O)R'、-CO2R'、-CONR”、-OC(O)NR'R'、-NR'C(O)R'、-NR'C(O)2R'、-NH-C(NH2)=NH、-NR'C(NH2)=NH'、-S(O)R'、-S(O)2NR”、-S(O)2NR”、-CN和-NO2在0到(2m'+1)范围内,其中m'为该基团的碳原子总数。R'、R"和R"'分别分别表示氢、未取代C1-8烷基、未取代杂烷基、未取代芳基、1-3个卤素取代的芳基、未取代C1-8烷基、C1-8烷氧基或C1-8硫代烷氧基或未取代芳基-C1-4烷基。当R’和R”附着在同一氮原子上时,它们可以与氮原子结合形成3、4、5、6或7元环。例如,-NR’R”-NR'R'表示1-吡咯烷基和4-吗啉基。术语“酰基”本身或作为取代基的一部分是指烷基基团,其中最接近该基团连接点的碳上的两个取代基被取代为取代基=O(例如-C(O)CH3、-C(O)CH2CH2OR'等)。
类似地,芳基和杂芳基的取代基也多种多样,通常选自:-卤素,-OR'、-OC(O)R’、-NR’R”,-SR’,-R’,-CN,-NO2,-CO2R’、-CONR’R”、-C(O)R’、-OC(O)NR’R”、-NR”C(O)R’、-NR”C(O)2R’、-NR’-C(O)NR”R”’、-NH-C(NH2)=NH、-NR’C(NH2)=NH、-NH-C(NH2)=NR’、-S(O)R’、-S(O)2R’、-S(O)2NR’R”、-NR’S(O)2R”、-N3、全氟(C1-C4)烷氧基、全氟(C1-C4)烷基、其数量从0到芳香环体系的开价键总数;R'、R"和R"'独立选自氢、C1-8烷基、C3-6环烷基、C2-8烯基、C2-8炔基、未取代芳基和杂芳基、(未取代芳基)-C1-4烷基、未取代芳氧基-C1-4烷基。其他合适的取代基包括上述每个芳基取代基,它们通过1-4个碳原子的烷基链连接到一个环原子上。
芳基或杂芳基环上相邻原子上的两个取代基可以任选由式-T-C(O)-(CH2)q-U-所示取代基取代,其中T和U独立为-NH-、-O-、-CH2-或单键,q为0-2之间的整数。或者,芳基或杂芳基环上相邻原子上的两个取代基可以任选由式-A-(CH2)r-B-所示取代基取代,其中A和B独立为-CH2-、-O-、-NH-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-、-S(O)2NR’-或单键,r为1-3之间的整数。这样形成的新环上的一个单键可以任选换成双键。或者,芳基或杂芳基环上相邻原子上的两个取代基可任选被通式-(CH2)s-X-(CH2)t-所示取代基取代,其中s和t独立为0-3之间的整数,X为-O-、-NR’-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-或-S(O)2NR’-。-NR’-和-S(O)2NR’-中的取代基R’选自氢或C1-6烷基。
本发明所使用的术语“杂原子”旨在包括氧(O)、氮(N)、硫(S)和硅(Si)。
本发明还涉及其前药及其生物异构体。例如,合适的生物异构体应包括羧酸盐替代物(膦酸、次膦酸、磺酸、亚磺酸和酸性杂环基团,如四唑)。合适的前药应包括已知在生理条件下水解和/或氧化的常规基团,以提供通式I的化合物。
术语“病人”“受试者”包括灵长类(尤其是人类)、驯养的伴侣动物(如狗、猫、马等)和牲畜(如奶牛、猪、羊等)。
正如本发明所使用的,术语“治疗”或“治疗方案”既包括疾病修饰性治疗,也包括对症治疗,其中任何一种都是预防性的(即在症状出现之前,为了预防、延缓或减轻症状的严重程度),也可以是治疗性的(即在症状出现之后,以减轻症状的严重程度和/或持续时间)。
术语“药学上可接受的盐”旨在包括含有相对无毒的酸或碱的活性化合物的盐,这取决于在本发明所述化合物上发现的特殊取代基。当本发明的化合物含有相对酸性的官能团时,不论是在纯的还是在合适的惰性溶剂中,均可以通过将此类化合物的中性形式与足够数量的所需碱接触来获得碱加成盐。从药学上可接受的无机碱中提取的盐的例子包括铝、铵、钙、铜、铁、亚铁、锂、镁、锰、锰、钾、钠、锌等。从药学上可接受的有机碱中提取的盐包括伯胺、仲胺和叔胺的盐,包括取代胺、环胺、天然胺等,如精氨酸、甜菜碱、咖啡因、胆碱、N,N’-二苄基乙二胺、二乙胺、2-二乙胺乙醇、2-二甲胺乙醇、乙醇胺、乙二胺、N-乙基吗啉、N-乙基哌啶、葡萄糖胺、氨基葡萄糖、组氨酸、水合胺、异丙胺、赖氨酸、甲基葡胺、吗啉、哌嗪、哌啶、多胺树脂、普鲁卡因、嘌呤、可可碱、三乙胺、三甲胺、三丙胺、氨丁胺等。当本发明的化合物含有相对碱性的功能基团时,不论是在纯的还是在合适的惰性溶剂中,均可以通过将此类化合物的中性形式与足够数量的所需酸接触来获得酸加成盐。药物上可接受的酸加成盐的例子包括来自无机酸,如盐酸、氢溴酸、硝酸、碳酸、一氢碳酸、磷酸、一氢磷酸、二氢磷酸、硫酸、一氢硫酸、氢化或磷酸等,以及相对无毒的有机酸如乙酸、丙酸、异丁酸、丙酸、苯甲酸、琥珀酸、次埃里克、富马酸、曼德酸、酞酸、苯磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸、甲烷磺酸等衍生的盐。还包括氨基酸盐,如精氨酸和类似的有机酸盐,如葡萄糖醛酸或半乳糖醛酸和类似的(见,例如,Berge,s.m.等人,“药物盐”,药学科学杂志,1977,66,1-19)。本发明中某种特定化合物既包括碱性官能团也包括酸性官能团,能够使化合物转化成碱或酸加成盐。
所述化合物的中性形式可通过将所述盐与碱或酸接触并以常规方法分离亲本化合物而再生。在某些物理性质上,如在极性溶剂中的溶解度,该化合物的亲本形式与各种盐形式是不同的,但在其他方面,就本发明的目的而言,该盐与该化合物的亲本形式是等价的。
本公开的某些化合物可以存在非溶剂化形式,也可以存在溶剂化形式,包括水合形式。一般来说,溶剂化型式与非溶剂化形式是等价的,并包括在本发明的范围内。本研究的某些化合物可以存在多种晶体或无定形形式。一般来说,所有物理形式对于本发明所设想的用途是等价的,并包括在本发明的范围内。
本发明的某些化合物具有不对称的碳原子(光中心)或双键;外消旋物、非对映异构体、几何异构体、区域异构体和单个异构体(例如,分离对映异构体)都包括在本发明的范围内。如立体化学描述中所述,它指的是有一个异构体而基本上没有另一个异构体的化合物。“实质上没有”另一个异构体表明两个异构体的比例至少为80/20,更优选90/10,或95/5或更多。在某些实施例中,其中一种同分异构体的数量至少为99%。
本公开的化合物还可能在构成这些化合物的一个或多个原子处含有非天然比例的原子同位素。例如,这些化合物可以用放射性同位素进行放射标记,如氚(3H)、碘-125(125I)或碳-14(14C)。无论是否具有放射性,所有的同位素变体都包括在本发明的范围内。例如,化合物的制备过程中可以用氘(2H)同位素取代任意数量的氢原子。本研究的化合物还可能在构成这些化合物上含有一个或多个非天然比例的原子同位素。同位数的非天然比例可以定义为从自然界中发现的量到由所讨论的原子的100%组成的量。例如,这些化合物可能含有放射性同位素,如氚(3H)、碘-125(125I)或碳-14(14C),或非放射性同位素如氘(2H)或碳-13(13C)。同位素变体可以为本发明中其他地方描述的同位素提供额外的效用。例如,这些化合物中同位素的变体可能有额外的用途,包括但不限于作为诊断和/或成像试剂,或作为细胞毒性/放射性毒性治疗剂。另外,本研究的化合物同位素变体可以改变其药代动力学和药效学特征,这有助于增强治疗期间的安全性、耐受性或有效性。无论是否具有放射性,本公开的化合物的所有同位素变体都包括在本公开的范围内。
化合物
一方面,本发明提供通式(I)或通式(II)所示的化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物或水合物,
式中:
Y和Y’各自独立选自:O、NH和N(C1-4烷基);
R1独自选自:氢、卤素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-O-C1-4烷基和-O-C1-4卤代烷基;
每个R2a、R2b、R2c、R2a’、R2b’和R2c’均独自选自:氢、卤素、-CN、-Ra,-CO2Rb,-CONRbRc,-OC(O)NRbRc,-NRcC(O)Rb,-NRcC(O)2Ra,-NRb-C(O)NRbRc,-NRbRc,-ORb,-X1-ORb,-X1-NRbRc,-X1-CO2Rb,-SF5,和-S(O)2NRbRc,其中每个X1是C1-4亚烷基,每个Rb和Rc独自选自:氢、C1-8烷基和C1-8卤代烷基,或与同一氮原子相连时,可与该氮原子结合形成五元或六元环,有0-2个选自N、O或S的额外杂原子作为环成员,并任选用氧取代;每个Ra独立地选自:C1-8烷基、C2-8烯基和C1-8卤代烷基;
R3和R3’均独自选自:–NRdRe和4-12元单环、双环或螺环非芳香族杂环,任选被1-6个R3a取代,
其中Rd独立选自:H、C1-8卤代烷基和C1-8烷基;
Re选自:H、-C1-8烷基、C1-8卤代烷基、C1-8羟烷基、X2-CO2Rg、X2-CONRgRh、-X2-CONHSO2Rg,-X2-SO2NRgRh,-X2-SO3Rg,-X2-B(OH)2,-X2-PO3H2,-X2-C(O)NHOH,-X2-NRgRh,-C(O)Rg、C3-10环烷基、-C3-10环烷基-COORg、-C3-10环烷基-ORg、C4-8杂环基、-C4-8杂环基-COORg、-C4-8杂环基-ORg、-X2-C4-8杂环基、-C(=O)O-X2-C4-8杂环基、-X2-C3-10环烷基、C5-10杂芳基、-X2-C5-10杂芳基、-X2-C6-10芳基、-X2-(C=O)-C6-10芳基、-CO2-X2-O2C-C1-8烷基、-X2-NH(C=O)-C2-8亚烯基、-X2-NH(C=O)-C1-8烷基、-X2-NH(C=O)-C2-8炔基、-X2-(C=O)-NH-X2-COORg以及-X2-(C=O)-NH-X2-ORg,任选被CO2H取代,其中Re的烷基或烯基部分任选被1-3个分别独立选自OH、COOH、SO2NH2、CONH2、C(O)NHOH、COO-C1-8烷基或PO3H2的取代基取代;Re的C5-10杂芳基和C6-10芳基部分任选被1-3个独立选自OH、B(OH)2、COOH、NH2、SO2NH2、CONH2、C(O)NHOH、PO3H2、COO-C1-8烷基、C1-4烷基、C1-4亚烷基-OH、C1-4亚烷基-SO2NH2、C1-4亚烷基-CONH2、C1-4亚烷基-C(O)NHOH、C1-4亚烷基-PO3H2或C1-4亚烷基-COOH的取代基取代;Re的C4-8杂环基和C3-10环烷基部分任选被
1-4个Rw取代基取代;
或者
Re与和其相连的N结合形成包含天然氨基酸和非天然氨基酸的单氨基酸、二肽或三肽,其中所述的非天然氨基酸有选自C2-4羟烷基、C1-3烷基胍基或C1-4烷基-杂芳基的α碳取代基,其中每个天然氨基酸和非天然氨基酸的α碳任选进一步被甲基取代,单肽、二肽或三肽的末端片段选自:C(O)OH、C(O)O-C1-6烷基、C(O)NH2和PO3H2;
每个R3a独立选自:卤素、-CN、氧、-Rf、-CO2Rg、-CONRgRh、-CONHC1-6alkyl-OH、-C(O)Rg、-OC(O)Rg、-OC(O)NRgRh、-NRgC(O)Rh、-NRgC(O)2Rh、-CONHOH、-PO3H2、-NRg-X2-C(O)2Rh、-NRgC(O)NRgRh、-NRgRh、-ORg、-S(O)2NRgRh、-O-X2-ORg、-O-X2-NRgRh、-O-X2-CO2Rg、-O-X2-CONRgRh、-X2-ORg、-X2-NRgRh、-X2-CO2Rg、-X2-CONRgRh、-X2-CONHSO2Rg和SF5,其中X2为C1-6亚烷基,任选进一步被OH、NH2、SO2NH2、CONH2、C(O)NHOH,PO3H2,COO-C1-8烷基或CO2H取代,其中每个Rg和Rh独立选自:氢、任选被1-2选自OH、NH2、SO2NH2、CONH2、C(O)NHOH或PO32、COO-C1-8烷基和CO2H的取代基取代的C1-8烷基,任选被1-2个选自OH、NH2、SO2NH2、CONH2、C(O)NHOH、PO3H2、COO-C1-8烷基或CO2H的取代基取代的C1-8卤代烷基,或当Rg和Rh附着在同一氮原子上时,Rg和Rh可以与该氮原子结合,形成五元或六元环,其中有从0到2个选自N、O或S的额外杂原子作为环成员,并任选用氧取代;每个Rf独自选自:-OH、C1-8烷基、C2-8烯基和C1-8卤代烷基,它们各自任选被OH、NH2、SO2NH2、CONH2、C(O)NHOH、PO3H2、coo-C1-8烷基或CO2H取代;
每个Rw取代基独立选自:C1-4烷基、C1-4亚烷基-OH、C1-4亚烷基-COOH、C1-4亚烷基-SO2NH2、C1-4亚烷基-CONH2、C1-4亚烷基-C(O)NHOH、C1-4亚烷基-PO3H、OH、COO-C1-8烷基、COOH、SO2NH2、CONH2、C(O)NHOH、PO3H2和氧;
每个R4和R4’分别独立选自:O-C1-8烷基、O-C1-8卤代烷基、C6-10芳基、C5-10杂芳基、-O-C1-4烷基-C4-7杂环烷基、-O-C1-4烷基-C6-10芳基和-O-C1-4烷基-C5-10杂芳基,其中每个基团任选1-5个R4a取代;
每个R4a独立选自:卤素、-CN、-Ri、-CO2Rj、-CONRjRk、-C(O)Rj、-OC(O)NRjRk、-NRjC(O)Rk、-NRjC(O)2Ri、-NRj-C(O)NRjRk、-NRjRk和-ORj,其中
每个Ri独立选自:C1-8烷基、C2-8烯基和C1-8卤代烷基,任选地,当两个R4a取代基位于相邻的原子上时,它们可结合形成稠合的五元或六元碳环或杂环,任选由氧取代;
每个Rj和Rk独立选自:氢、C1-8烷基和C1-8卤代烷基,或者当与同一氮原子相连时,可以与该氮原子结合形成具有0-2个选自N、O或S的额外杂原子作为环成员的五元或六元环,并任选被氧取代;
每个n都是独立的0、1、2或3;
每个R5和R5’分别独立选自:卤素、-CN、-Rq、-CO2Rr、-CONRrRs、-C(O)Rr、-NRrRs和-ORr,其中每个Rr和Rs分别独立选自:氢、C1-4烷基和C1-4卤代烷基,当与同一氮原子相连时,可与该氮原子结合形成具有0-2个选自N、O或S的额外杂原子的五元或六元环,并任选被氧取代;每个Rq独立选自:C1-8烷基C1-8卤代烷基;
每个R6a和R6a’分别独立选自:H、C1-4烷基和C1-4卤代烷基;
每个m分别为0、1、2、3或4;
每个R6b和R6b’分别独立独自选自:F、C1-4烷基和C1-4卤代烷基;
在一组实施例中,本文提供的化合物用通式(I)表示。
在一组实施例中,本文提供的化合物用通式(II)表示。
在一组实施例中,通式(I)或(II)所示的化合物是其中Y和Y’分别独立选自O或NH的那些化合物。
在一组实施例中,通式(I)或(II)所示的化合物是其中Y和Y’各自为O的化合物。
在一些实施例中,通式(I)或(II)所示的化合物是其中每个下标n为0或1的化合物。在一些实施例中,通式(I)或(II)所示的化合物是其中每个下标m为0或1的化合物。在一些实施例中,通式(I)或(II)所示的化合物是其中每个上标n为0或1,每个下标m为0或1的化合物。
在一些实施例中,通式(I)或(II)所示的化合物是其中每个R3和R3’为4-9元单环或螺环非芳香族杂环,任选被1-4个R3a取代的化合物。
在一些实施例中,通式(I)或(II)所示的化合物是其中每个R3和R3’独立为–NRdRe的化合物。
在一些实施例中,通式(I)或(II)所示的化合物是这样的化合物,其中每个R3和R3'独立为-NRdRe,Re与它所连的N结合是一种天然或非天然氨基酸,其中,所述非天然氨基酸具有选自C2-4羟基烷基或C1-3烷基-胍基的α碳取代基,其中,每个天然或非天然氨基酸的α碳可以任选进一步用甲基取代,末端部分选自C(O)OH、C(O)O-C1-6烷基或C(O)NH2。
在一些实施例中,通式(I)或(II)所示的化合物是这样的化合物,其中每个R3和R3'独立为-NRdRe,并且Re与它所连的N结合是一种天然或非天然氨基酸,其中,所述非天然氨基酸有C2-4羟基烷基α碳,其中每个天然或非天然氨基酸的α碳被甲基进一步取代,末端部分选自C(O)OH、C(O)O-C1-4烷基或C(O)NH2。
在一些实施例中,通式(I)或(II)所示的化合物是这样的化合物,其中每个R2a、R2、R2c、R2a’、R2b’和R2c’分别独立选自H、卤素、-CN、-Ra、-CO2Rb、-CONRbRc、-NRbRc或-ORb;其中每个Rb和Rc独自选自氢、C1-8烷基或C1-8卤代烷基,或当与同一氮原子相连时,可与该氮原子结合形成具有0-2个选自N、O或S的额外杂原子作为环成员的五元或六元环,并任选被氧取代;每个Ra独立选自C1-8烷基、C2-8烯基或C1-8卤代烷基。
在一些实施例中,通式(I)或(II)所示的化合物是这样的化合物,其中每个R4和R4’独立选自:O-C1-8烷基、O-C1-8卤代烷基、-O-C1-4烷基-C6-10芳基和-O-C1-4烷基-C5-10杂芳基,每个基团任选被1-5个R4a取代。
在一些实施例中,通式(I)或(II)所示的化合物是这样的化合物,其中每个R4和R4’独立选自:O-C1-8烷基、-O-C1-4烷基-苯基和-O-C1-4烷基-吡啶基,每个基团任选被1-3个R4a取代。
在一些实施例中,通式(I)或(II)所示的化合物是这样的化合物,其中每个R2a、R2b、R2c、R2a’、R2b’和R2c’均独立选自H、卤素、-CN、-Ra、-CO2Rb、-CONRbRc、-NRbRc或-ORb组成;其中每个Rb和Rc独立选择自氢、C1-8烷基或C1-8卤代烷基,或当连接于同一氮原子时,可与该氮原子结合形成具有0-2个选自N、O或S的额外杂原子作为环成员的五元或六元环,并任选被氧取代;每个Ra独立选自C1-8烷基,C2-8烯基或C1-8卤代烷基;各R3是4-9元单环或螺环非芳香杂环,任选被1-4个R3a取代;各R4选自O-C1-8烷基、-O-C1-4烷基-苯基或-O-C1-4烷基-吡啶基,各自任选被1-3个R4a取代。
在一些实施例中,通式(I)或(II)所示的化合物中每个R2a、R2b、R2c、R2a’R2b’和R2c’均独立选自:氢、卤素、-CN、-Ra、-CO2Rb、-CONRbRc、-NRbRc或-ORb;其中每个Rb和Rc独立选择自氢、C1-8烷基或C1-8卤代烷基,或当与同一氮原子相连时,可与该氮原子结合形成具有0-2个选自N、O或S的额外杂原子作为环成员的五元或六元环,并任选被氧取代;每个Ra独立选自C1-8烷基、C2-8烯基或C1-8卤代烷基;每个R3是–NRdRe,并且Re与和它相连的N结合是天然或非天然氨基酸,其中,所述非天然氨基酸具有选自C2-4羟基烷基或C1-3烷基-胍基的α碳取代基,其中每个天然氨基酸或非天然氨基酸中的α碳可进一步被甲基取代,末端部分选自C(O)OH、C(O)O-C1-6烷基或C(O)NH2;每个R4选自O-C1-8烷基、-O-C1-4烷基-苯基或-O-C1-4烷基-吡啶基,每个基团任选被1-3个R4a取代。
在一些实施例中,通式(II)所示化合物是其中R1是H、卤素、CN或C1-4烷基的那些化合物。
在一些实施例中,包括上述任何一个提到的实施例,进一步的实施例包括通式(I)或(II)的化合物,其中每个R3和R3’独立选自下组:
在通式(I)和(II)各自的一些实施例和上述进一步选定的实施例中,所述化合物或其药学上可接受的盐是选自表1中具有++或+++活性的那些化合物。
除了上述提供的化合物外,还提供了这些化合物的药学上可接受的盐。在一些实施例中,药学上可接受的盐选自于铵、钙、镁、钾、钠、锌、精氨酸、甜菜碱、咖啡因、胆碱、N,N'-二苄基乙胺二胺、二乙胺乙醇、2-二乙胺乙醇、2-二甲胺乙醇、乙二胺、N-乙基吗啉、N-乙基哌啶、葡萄糖胺、氨基葡萄糖、组氨酸、多巴胺、异丙胺、赖氨酸、甲基氨基葡萄糖、吗啉、哌嗪、哌啶、普鲁卡因、嘌呤、可可碱、三乙胺、三甲胺、三丙胺、氨丁胺、盐酸、碳酸、一氢碳酸、磷酸、一氢磷酸、二氢磷酸、醋酸、丙酸、异丁酸、丙二酸、苯甲酸、琥珀酸、辛二酸、富马酸、扁桃酸、邻苯二甲酸、苯磺酸、对苯磺酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸、甲磺酸、精氨酸、葡萄糖醛酸和半乳糖醛酸的盐。在一些实施例中,药学上可接受的盐选自于铵、钙、镁、钾、钠、盐酸、碳、一氢碳、磷酸、一氢磷、二氢磷、乙酸、丙酸、异丁酸、丙酸、苯甲酸、琥珀酸、辛二酸、富马酸、扁桃酸、邻苯二甲酸、苯磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸、甲磺酸、精氨酸、葡萄糖醛酸和半乳糖醛酸的盐。在一些实施例中,药学上可接受的盐是钠盐或盐酸盐。
除盐形式外,本发明还提供以前药形式存在的化合物。本发明所述化合物的前药是指在生理条件下易于发生化学变化以提供本发明化合物的那些化合物。另外,可以在离体环境下通过化学或生化方法将前药转化成本公开所述的化合物。例如,当把前药与用合适的酶或化学试剂一起置于透皮贴剂贮存器中时,前药可以缓慢转换为本发明所述的化合物。
酯可作为相应羧酸的前药。C1-10烷基酯或C1-10卤代烷基酯可作为相应羧酸的前药。可使用下列酯类:叔丁酯、甲酯、乙酯、异丙酯。
药剂组合物
除了本发明提供的化合物外,这些化合物的组合物通常包括药物载体或稀释剂。
此处使用的术语“组合物”旨在包括含有规定数量的特定成分的产品,以及直接或间接由规定数量的特定成分组合而成的任何产品。所谓“药学上可接受”,是指载体、稀释剂或赋形剂必须与配方中的其他成分相容,且对接受者无害。
在另一实施例中,提供了一种药物组合物,该组合物包含本发明所述的化合物,其包括通式(I)或(II)所示的化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐以及药学上可接受的赋形剂。
在一些实施例中,所述药物组合物进一步包括一种或多种附加治疗剂。在一些实施例中,所述一种或多种附加治疗剂选自于抗菌剂、抗病毒剂、细胞毒性剂、基因表达调节剂、化学治疗剂、抗癌剂、抗血管生成剂、免疫治疗剂、抗激素剂、抗纤维化剂、放射疗法、放射治疗剂、抗肿瘤剂和抗增殖剂。在一些实施例中,所述一种或多种附加治疗剂是一种趋化因子和/或趋化受体的拮抗剂,其包括但不限于CCR1、CCR2、CCR3、CCR4、CCR5、CCR6、CCR7、CCR8、CCR9、CCR10、CCR11、CCR12、CXCR1、CXCR2、CXCR3、CXCR4、CXCR5、CXCR6、CXCR7、C3aR和/或C5aR。趋化因子和/或趋化受体拮抗剂是本领域已知的,并描述于WO2007/002667、WO2007/002293、WO/2003/105853、WO/2007/022257、WO/2007/059108、WO/2007/044804、WO2007/115232、WO2007/115231、WO2008/147815、WO2010/030815、WO2010/075257、WO2011/163640、WO2010/054006、WO2010/051561、WO2011/035332、WO2013/082490、WO2013/082429、WO2014/085490、WO2014/100735、WO2014/089495、WO2015/084842、WO2016/187393、WO2017/127409、WO 2017/087607、WO2017/087610、WO2017/176620、WO2018/222598、WO2018/222601、WO2013/130811、WO2006/076644、WO2008/008431、WO2009/038847、WO2008/008375、WO2008/008374、WO2008/010934、WO2009/009740、WO2005/112925、WO2005/112916、WO2005/113513、WO2004/085384、WO2004/046092。趋化因子和/或趋化受体拮抗剂也包括CCX354、CCX9588、CCX140、CCX872、CCX598、CCX6239、CCX9664、CCX2553、CCX3587、CCX3624、CCX2991、CCX282、CCX025、CCX507、CCX430、CCX765、CCX224、CCX662、CCX650、CCX832、CCX168、CCX168-M1、CCX3022和/或CCX3384。
用于给予本发明所述化合物的药物组合物可以方便地用单位剂形来表示,并且可通过药学和给药技术中众所周知的任何方法制备。所有方法包括将有效成分与由一个或多个辅助成分组成的载体相结合的步骤。一般来说,通过将活性成分与液体载体或精细分离的固体载体或两者结合,然后,如果需要,将产品成形为所需的配方,来配制药物组合物。所述药物组合物中含有足够量的活性成分,以对疾病的过程或状态产生预期的效果。
含有活性成分的药物组合物可以以适合口服的形式存在,例如片剂、汤剂、含水或含油悬浮液、分散粉剂或颗粒、乳剂和自乳剂,如美国专利申请2002-0012680所述,硬胶囊或软胶囊、糖浆、酏剂、药水、口腔贴片、口腔凝胶、口香糖、咀嚼片、泡腾粉和泡腾片。根据领域已知的任何生产药物组合物的方法可以制备用于口服使用的组合物,为了提供药学上精致和可口的制剂,该组合物可以包含甜味剂、调味剂、着色剂、抗氧化剂和保鲜剂中的一种或多种。片剂与适用于生产片剂的无毒、药学上可接受的赋形剂的混合物中含有该活性成分。这些赋形剂可以是惰性稀释剂,如纤维素、二氧化硅、氧化铝、碳酸钙、碳酸钠、葡萄糖、甘露醇、山梨醇、乳糖、磷酸钙或磷酸钠;可以是制粒和分解剂,如玉米淀粉或海藻酸;可以是结合剂,如PVP、纤维素、PEG、淀粉、明胶或阿拉伯树胶;可以是润滑剂,如硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸或滑石粉。片剂可以是未包衣的,或者通过已知技术经肠内或其他方式包衣,以延迟在胃肠道中的崩解和吸收,从而在较长时间内提供持续作用。例如,可以使用诸如单硬脂酸甘油酯或双硬脂酸甘油酯等延时材料。也可以使用美国专利申请4,256,108、4,166,452和4,265,874中所述的技术进行包衣以形成用于控制缓释渗透治疗片剂。
口服配方也可以以硬明胶胶囊的形式呈现,其中活性成分与惰性固体稀释剂混合,例如碳酸钙、磷酸钙或高岭土、各种大小平均的聚乙二醇(如PEG400、PEG4000)和某些表面活性剂,如乳油或硬脂酸酯,或作为软明胶胶囊,其中活性成分与水或油介质混合,例如花生油、液体石蜡或橄榄油。此外,可以用非水相混合的成分(如油)制备乳剂,并用表面活性剂(如单甘油酯或双甘油酯、聚乙二醇酯等)稳定乳剂。
水性悬浮液中含有与适宜于制造水性悬浮液的赋形剂的混合的活性物质。这些赋形剂为悬浮剂,如羧甲基纤维素钠、甲基纤维素钠、羟丙基甲基纤维素钠、海藻酸钠、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、黄蓍胶和阿拉伯树胶;分散剂或润湿剂可以是天然产生的磷脂,例如卵磷脂,或烷基氧化物与脂肪酸的缩合产物,例如聚氧乙烯硬脂酸酯或环氧乙烷与长链脂肪醇的缩合产物,例如十七烷基乙烯氧十六醇,或环氧乙烷与来自脂肪酸和己醇的部分酯的缩合产物,如聚氧乙烯山梨醇单油酸酯,或环氧乙烷与来自脂肪酸和己醇酐的部分酯的缩合产物,如聚乙烯山梨醇单油酸酯。水悬浮液也可以包括一种或多种防腐剂,如乙基或n-丙基、对羟基苯甲酸酯、一种或多种着色剂、一种或多种调味剂和一种或多种甜味剂,例如蔗糖或糖精。
油性悬浮液可以通过将活性成分悬浮在植物油(如花生、橄榄油、芝麻油或椰子油)或矿物油(如液体石蜡)中来配制。油性悬浮液可含有增稠剂,例如蜂蜡、硬是石蜡或鲸蜡醇。可添加如上述所述的甜味剂和调味剂以提供可口的口服制剂。可以通过添加抗氧化剂(如抗坏血酸)来保存这些组合物。
适合于通过加入水制备含水悬浮液的可分散粉末和颗粒提供与分散剂或润湿剂、悬浮剂和一种或多种防腐剂混合的活性成分。合适的分散剂、润滑剂和悬浮剂上述已有提到。也可以存在其他的赋形剂,例如甜味剂、调味剂和着色剂。
本发明的药物组合物也可以是水包油乳剂的形式。油相可以是植物油,如橄榄油或花生油,也可以是矿物油,如液体石蜡或它们的混合物。合适的乳化剂可以是天然树胶(如阿拉伯树胶或黄芪树胶)、天然磷脂(如大豆、卵磷脂)以及从脂肪酸和己糖醇酐中提取的酯或部分酯(如山梨醇单油酸酯)以及所述部分酯与环氧乙烷的缩合产物(例如聚氧乙烯山梨醇单油酸酯)。所述乳化剂还可含有甜味剂和调味剂。
糖浆和酏剂可以用甜味剂配制,例如甘油、丙二醇、山梨醇或蔗糖。这种配方还可以含有镇定剂、防腐剂、调味剂和着色剂。口服液可以与环糊精、聚乙二醇和表面活性剂结合制备。
所述药物组合物可以是无菌可注射的含水或含油悬浮液的形式。根据已知的技术,可以使用上述提到的合适的分散剂或润滑剂和悬浮液来配制这种悬浮液。所述无菌可注射剂可以是无菌注射溶液或悬浮在无毒的非肠外可接受的稀释剂或溶液中,例如在1,3-丁烷二醇中的溶液中。可以使用的可接受载体和溶剂是水、林格尔溶液和等渗氯化钠溶液。此外,通常使用无菌的固定油作为溶剂或悬浮介质。为了达到这个目的,可以使用任何温和的固定油,包括合成的单一或二甘油三酯。此外,脂肪酸,如油酸也可用于注射液的制备。
本方面的化合物也可以以栓剂的形式用于直肠给药。这些组合物可以通过将药物与适当的无刺激性赋形剂混合来制备,该赋形剂在正常温度下为固体,但在直肠温度下为液体,因此将其在直肠中融化以释放药物。这些材料包括可可脂和聚乙二醇。此外,化合物可以通过溶液或药膏的方式经眼部给药。进一步地,可以通过离子透皮贴剂等方法完成所述化合物的透皮传递。局部使用含有本发明所述化合物的乳膏、软膏、凝胶、溶液或悬浮液等。这里使用的局部使用也包括漱口水和漱口液的使用。
本发明的化合物还可以与载体偶联,其中该载体是一种适合于靶向药物载体的聚合物。这些聚合物可以包括乙烯吡咯烷酮、吡喃共聚物、聚羟基丙基甲基丙烯酰胺-苯酚、聚羟基乙基天冬酰胺-苯酚或被棕榈酰残基取代的聚氧乙烯-聚赖氨酸。此外,本发明的化合物可以与一种载体偶联,其中该载体是一类生物可降解聚合物,可有助于实现药物的受控缓释,例如聚乳酸、聚乙醇酸、聚乳酸和聚乙醇酸的共聚物、聚硅烷己内酯、聚羟基丁酸、聚醚酯、聚缩醛、聚二氢吡喃、聚氰基丙烯酸酯和交联或两亲式嵌段水凝胶。聚合物和半渗透聚合物基质可以形成成型制品,如阀门、支架、管道、假体等。在本发明的一个实施例中,将本发明的化合物与形成为支架或支架移植装置的聚合物或半渗透聚合物基质偶联。
治疗疾病和病症的方法
本发明所述化合物可用作免疫调节剂。本发明所述化合物可在体外和体内的各种情况下用作PD-1和/或PD-L1的激动剂、拮抗剂、部分激动剂、反向激动剂和抑制剂。在一些实施例中,本发明的化合物可用作PD-1/PD-L1蛋白蛋白相互作用的抑制剂。在一些实施例中,本发明的化合物可用作PD-L1的抑制剂。在一些实施例中,本发明的化合物可用作CD80/PD-L1蛋白蛋白相互作用的抑制剂。在一些实施例中,本发明的化合物可用于在体外或体内抑制PD-1和PD-L1和/或PD-1和CD80和/或PD-1和PD-L2之间的相互作用。在一些实施例中,本发明的化合物可用于抑制VISTA和/或TIM-3。在一些实施例中,本发明的化合物可能是PD-1/PD-L1蛋白与蛋白之间相互作用的抑制剂以及VISTA和/或TIM-3的抑制剂。在一些实施例中,除了作为PD-1/PD-L1蛋白蛋白相互作用的抑制剂外,所述化合物可能是CTLA-4和/或BTLA和/或LAG-3和/或KLRG-1和/或2B4和/或CD160和/或HVEM和/或CD48和/或E-cadherin和/或MHC-II和/或半凝集素-9和/或CD86和/或PD-L2和/或VISTA和/或tim3和/或CD80的抑制剂。
本发明的化合物可以在水溶液中以及在其他适合配体与受体结合的条件下与它们相互作用的受体接触。受体可以存在于悬浮液中(例如,在分离的膜或细胞制剂中),在培养或分离的细胞中或在组织或器官中。
优选的是,所述化合物与受体接触的数量应足以抑制体外PD-1/PD-L1结合,例如,使用ELISA测定的。受体可以存在于溶液或悬浮液中,也可以存在于培养或分离的细胞制剂中,也可以存在于患者体内。
在一些实施例中,本发明的化合物有益于恢复和增强T细胞激活。在一些实施例中,本方明的化合物有益于提高患者体内的免疫应答。在一些实施例中,本方明的化合物有益于治疗、预防或缓解各种疾病领域(如癌症或传染病)的疾病或病症的进程。
在一些实施例中,本发明的化合物可用于治疗患有对PD-1/PD-L1蛋白相互作用调制有反应的疾病的患者。
在一些实施例中,提供一种调节受试者体内PD-1信号通路介导的免疫应答的方法,包括向受试者给予治疗有效量的本发明所述化合物,包括通式(I)或(II)所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,或包含通式(I)或(II)所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的组合物。
在一些实施例中,提供一种提高、刺激、调节和/或增加有需要的受试者的免疫应答的方法,包括向受试者给予提供治疗有效量的本发明所述化合物,包括通式(I)或(II)所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,或包含通式(I)或(II)所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的组合物。
在一些实施例中,提供一种抑制有需要的受试者体内癌细胞生长、增殖或转移的方法,包括向受试者给予治疗有效量的本发明化合物,包括通式(I)或(II)所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,或含有通式(I)或(II)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的组合物。
在一些实施例中,提供一种治疗有需要的受试者的方法,包括向受试者给予治疗有效量的本发明的化合物,包括通式(I)或(II)所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,或含有通式(I)或(II)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的组合物。
在一些实施例中,受试者患有选自下组的疾病或病症:传染病、细菌传染病、病毒传染病、真菌传染病、实体肿瘤、血液恶性肿瘤、免疫疾病、炎症性疾病和癌症。在一些实施例中,疾病或病症选自:黑色素瘤、胶质母细胞瘤、食道肿瘤、鼻咽癌、葡萄膜黑色素瘤、淋巴瘤、淋巴细胞淋巴瘤、原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤、T细胞淋巴瘤、弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤、原发性纵隔大B细胞淋巴瘤、前列腺癌、抗去势前列腺癌、慢性髓细胞白血病、卡波西氏肉瘤纤维肉瘤、脂肪肉瘤、软骨肉瘤、骨原性肉瘤,血管肉瘤、淋巴管肉瘤、滑膜瘤、脑膜瘤、平滑肌肉瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、软组织肉瘤、肉瘤、败血症、胆道肿瘤、基底细胞癌、胸腺肿瘤、甲状腺癌、甲状旁腺癌、子宫癌、肾上腺癌、肝感染、默克尔细胞癌、神经肿瘤、滤泡中心淋巴瘤、结肠癌、何杰金氏病、非何杰金氏淋巴瘤、白血病、慢性或急性白血病、包括急性髓系白血病、慢性髓系白血病、急性淋巴细胞白血病、慢性淋巴细胞白血病、多发性骨髓瘤、卵巢肿瘤、骨髓增生异常综合征、皮肤或眼内恶性黑色素瘤、肾细胞癌、小细胞肺癌、肺癌、间皮瘤、乳腺癌、鳞状非小细胞肺癌(SCLC)、非鳞状小细胞癌(NSCLC)、结直肠癌、卵巢癌、胃癌、肝癌、胰腺癌癌、胰腺癌、胰腺导管腺癌、鳞状细胞癌的头部和颈部癌症的头部或颈部、胃肠道、胃癌、艾滋病毒、甲型肝炎、乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎、D型肝炎、疱疹病毒、乳头状瘤病毒、流感、骨癌、皮肤癌症、直肠癌、肛门癌、睾丸癌、输卵管癌、子宫内膜癌、癌宫颈、阴道癌、外阴癌、食道癌、小肠癌、神经内分泌癌、尿道癌、阴茎癌、膀胱癌、肾癌、输尿管癌、肾盂癌、中枢神经系统肿瘤、肿瘤血管生成、脊柱肿瘤、脑干胶质瘤、垂体腺瘤、表皮样癌、增生症、癌、腺癌、乳头状癌、囊腺癌、支气管原性癌、肾细胞癌、移行细胞癌、绒毛膜癌、精原细胞瘤、胚胎癌、肾母细胞瘤、多形性腺瘤、肝细胞乳头状瘤、肾小管腺瘤、囊腺瘤、乳头状瘤、腺瘤、平滑肌瘤、横纹肌瘤、血管瘤、淋巴管瘤、骨瘤、软骨瘤、脂肪瘤和纤维瘤。
在一些实施例中,进一步向受试者施用治疗有效量的一种或多种额外治疗剂。在一些实施例中,所述一种或多种额外治疗剂选自:抗菌剂、抗病毒剂、细胞毒性剂、基因表达调节剂、化疗剂、抗癌剂、抗血管生成剂、免疫治疗剂、抗激素剂、抗纤维化剂、放射剂、放射治疗剂、抗肿瘤剂和抗增殖剂。在一些实施例中,所述一种或多种额外治疗剂是趋化因子和/或化学引物受体的拮抗剂,包括但不限于CCR1、CCR2、CCR3、CCR4、CCR5、CCR6、CCR7、CCR8、CCR9、CCR10、CCR11、CCR12、CXCR1、CXCR2、CXCR3、CXCR4、CXCR5、CXCR6、CXCR7、C3aR和/或C5aR。趋化因子和/或化学引用受体拮抗剂在本领域是已知的,并描述于例如WO2007/002667、WO2007/002293、WO/2003/105853、WO/2007/022257、WO/2007/059108、WO/2007/044804、WO2007/115232、WO2007/115231、WO2008/147815、WO2010/030815、WO2010/075257、WO2011/163640、WO2010/054006、WO2010/051561、WO2011/035332、WO2013/082490、WO2013/082429、WO2014/085490、WO2014/100735、WO2014/089495、WO2015/084842、WO2016/187393、WO2017/127409、WO 2017/087607、WO2017/087610、WO2017/176620、WO2018/222598、WO2018/222601、WO2013/130811、WO2006/076644、WO2008/008431、WO2009/038847、WO2008/008375、WO2008/008374、WO2008/010934、WO2009/009740、WO2005/112925、WO2005/112916、WO2005/113513、WO2004/085384、WO2004/046092。趋化因子和/或化学引物受体拮抗剂也包括CCX354、CCX9588、CCX140、CCX872、CCX598、CCX6239、CCX9664、CCX2553、CCX3587、CCX3624、CCX 2991、CCX282、CCX025、CCX507、CCX430、CCX765、CCX224、CCX662、CCX650、CCX832、CCX168、CCX168-M1、CCX3022和/或CCX3384。
在一些实施例中,本发明的化合物还可用于抑制传染病。在一些实施例中,传染性疾病包括但不限于HIV、流感、疱疹、鞭毛虫、疟疾、利什曼病、甲型、乙型和丙型肝炎病毒、疱疹病毒(如VZV、HSV-I、HAV-6、HSV-II、CMV、EB病毒)、腺病毒、流感病毒、黄病毒、埃可病毒、鼻病毒、柯萨奇病毒、冠状病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、腮腺炎病毒、轮状病毒、麻疹病毒、风疹病毒、细小病毒、痘苗病毒、HTLV病毒、登革病毒、乳头瘤病毒、软质病毒、脊髓灰质炎病毒、狂犬病毒、JC病毒、虫媒病毒脑炎病毒、衣原体、立克次体、分枝杆菌、葡萄球菌、链球菌、肺炎球菌、脑膜炎球菌和双球菌、克雷伯氏菌、变形杆菌、沙雷氏菌、假单胞菌、大肠杆菌、军团菌、白喉、沙门氏菌、杆菌、霍乱、破伤风、肉毒杆菌、炭疽、鼠疫、钩端螺旋体、莱姆病细菌、致病性感染的真菌念珠菌(白色念珠菌、克鲁塞菌、光洁念珠菌、热带念珠菌等)、新型隐球菌、曲霉(烟曲霉、黑曲霉等)、毛霉属(毛霉、黄曲霉、根霉菌等)、申氏孢子丝菌、皮炎芽孢菌、巴西副球虫、粗球孢菌和荚膜组织胞浆菌、棘阿米巴原虫、兰贾第鞭毛虫、隐孢子虫、卡氏肺孢子虫、间日疟原虫、小巴贝斯虫、布鲁氏锥虫、克氏锥虫、多诺瓦利什虫、刚地弓形虫、巴西尼圆线虫所致病原性感染。
在一些实施例中,本发明的化合物可用于抑制HIV感染,延缓艾滋病进展,消耗艾滋病毒库或减轻HIV感染和艾滋病的症状严重程度。
本方明的化合物可用于某一受试者的癌症和癌前病变的治疗。
一般来说,本文所述的治疗方法包括给患者服用有效剂量的本文所提供的一种或多种化合物。合适的患者包括那些患有或容易(即预防性治疗)本文确定病症或疾病的患者。本文所述的用于治疗的典型患者包括哺乳动物,特别是灵长类,尤其是人类。其他合适的患者包括驯养的伴侣动物(如狗、猫、马等)或牲畜(如牛、猪、羊等)。
一般来说,本文所提供的治疗方法包括给患者服用有效剂量的本文所提供的一种或多种化合物。在优选实施例中,优选地将所述化合物经静脉、口服或局部给药给患者(如人)。有效量可以是足以调节PD-1/PD-L1相互作用的量和/或减轻患者出现的症状的量。可优选地,给药的量足以产生足够高的化合物(或其活性代谢物,如果该药化合物是前药)的血浆浓度,以充分调节PD-1/PD-L1相互作用。治疗方案可能会因所使用的化合物和要治疗的特殊情况而有所不同;对于大多数疾病的治疗,每日4次或更少的次数是优选。一般而言,每日2次的剂量方案更可取,尤其是每日1次的剂量方案。然而应该理解的是,任何特定患者的具体剂量水平和治疗方案将取决于多种因素,包括所使用的具体化合物的活性、年龄、体重、一般健康、性别、饮食、给药时间、给药途径、排泄速率、药物组合(即,病人服用的其他药物)、正在接受治疗的特定疾病的严重程度,以及开处方的医生的判断。一般而言,优选地使用足以提供有效治疗的最小剂量。通常可以使用适用于所治疗或预防的疾病的医学或兽医标准来监测患者的治疗效果。
组合
包括本发明所述化合物和其他药物的伴随药物可以作为一种组合制剂给药,其中两种成分都包含在单一配方中,或作为不同的配方给药。单独制剂给药包括同时给药和有一定时间间隔的给药。在以一定时间间隔给药的情况下,可以先给药本发明所述化合物,然后再给药另一种药物,或者可以先给药另一种药物,然后再给药本发明所述化合物。不同药物的给药方法可能相同,也可能不同。
其他药物的剂量可根据临床使用的剂量适当选择。本发明所述化合物与其他药物的复合比例可以根据给药对象的年龄和体重、给药方式、给药时间、待治疗的障碍、症状及其组合进行适当选择。例如,根据本发明所述化合物的质量为1个单位,另一种药物的质量可在0.01至100个单位之间使用。另一种药物可以是两种或两种以上任意药物按适当比例组合而成。
本方明所述化合物可以与一种或多种治疗剂结合使用,如抗菌剂、抗病毒剂、细胞毒性剂、基因表达调节剂、化学治疗剂、抗癌剂、抗血管生成剂、免疫治疗代理、抗激素剂、抗纤维剂、放射剂、放射治疗剂、抗肿瘤剂和抗增殖剂。这些治疗剂可能以化合物、抗体、多肽或多核苷酸的形式存在。
可以使用本文所述化合物或将其与一种或多种治疗性抗体、双特异性抗体和“抗体样”治疗性蛋白(如Fab衍生物)、抗体药物偶联物(ADC)、病毒、溶瘤病毒、基因修饰或编辑器(如CRISPR(包括CRISPRCas9)、锌指核酸酶或合成核酸酶(TALENs)、CAR(嵌合抗原受体)T细胞免疫治疗剂,或它们的任何组合结合使用。
化学治疗剂的种类包括烷基化剂、亚硝基脲剂、抗代谢物、抗癌抗生素、植物源生物碱、拓扑异构酶抑制剂、激素类药物、激素拮抗剂、芳香化酶抑制剂、P-糖蛋白抑制剂、铂络合物衍生物、其它免疫治疗剂和其它抗癌药物。
本发明所述化合物可与癌症治疗助剂(如白细胞减少症(中性粒细胞减少症)治疗药物、血小板减少症治疗药物、止吐和癌症疼痛干预药物)同时使用或以混合物形式组合使用。
可以使用本发明所述化合物或将其与激酶抑制剂组合。
在一个实施例中,本发明的化合物可与其他免疫调节剂和/或增强剂同时或以混合物形式使用。免疫调节剂包括各种细胞因子、疫苗和佐剂。这些细胞因子、疫苗和刺激免疫应答的佐剂包括但不限于GM-CSF、M-CSF、G-CSF、干扰素-a、β或γ、IL-1、IL-2、IL-3、IL-12、Poly(I:C)和CPG。增强剂包括环磷酰胺和类似物的环磷酰胺,抗tgf和伊马替尼(Gleevac),有丝分裂抑制剂、如紫杉醇、舒尼替尼(Sutent)或其他抗血管生成药物、芳香化酶抑制剂如来曲唑、A2a腺苷受体(A2AR)拮抗剂、血管生成抑制剂、蒽环类药物、奥沙利铂、阿霉素、TLR4拮抗剂和IL-18拮抗剂。
在一些实施例中,可以使用本发明所述化合物或将其与CCR1、CCR2、CCR3、CCR4、CCR5、CCR6、CCR7、CCR8、CCR9、CCR10、CCR11、CXCR1、CXCR2、CXCR3、CXCR4、CXCR5、CXCR5、CXCR6、CXCR7、ChemR23、C5aR、C5a和C5的一个或多个调节剂组合。在某些实施例中,调节剂是拮抗剂。
在一些实施例中,可以使用本发明所述化合物或将其与一种或多种趋化因子和/或化学引物受体拮抗剂组合,并描述于例如WO2007/002667、WO2007/002293、WO/2003/105853、WO/2007/022257、WO/2007/059108、WO/2007/044804、WO2007/115232、WO2007/115231、WO2008/147815、WO2010/030815、WO2010/075257、WO2011/163640、WO2010/054006、WO2010/051561、WO2011/035332、WO2013/082490、WO2013/082429、WO2014/085490、WO2014/100735、WO2014/089495、WO2015/084842、WO2016/187393、WO2017/127409、WO 2017/087607、WO2017/087610、WO2017/176620、WO2018/222598、WO2018/222601、WO2013/130811、WO2006/076644、WO2008/008431、WO2009/038847、WO2008/008375、WO2008/008374、WO2008/010934、WO2009/009740、WO2005/112925、WO2005/112916、WO2005/113513、WO2004/085384、WO2004/046092。本发明所述有用的趋化因子和/或化学引物受体拮抗剂还包括CCX354、CCX9588、CCX140、CCX872、CCX598、CCX6239、CCX9664、CCX2553、CCX3587、CCX3624、CCX2991、CCX282、CCX025、CCX507、CCX430、CCX765、CCX224、CCX662、CCX650、CCX832、CCX168、CCX168-M1、CCX3022和/或CCX3384。
剂量
每天每千克体重约0.1mg至约140mg的剂量水平可用于涉及PD-1/PD-L1相互作用的病症的治疗或预防(每人类患者每天约0.5mg至约7g)。可与载体材料结合以生产单一剂型的活性成分的数量将根据所处理的宿主和特定的给药方式而有所不同。单位剂型通常含有大约1毫克到500毫克的活性成分。对于经口、经皮、静脉或皮下给药的化合物,优选给药量足够,使其血清浓度达到5ng(毫微克)/mL-10μg(微克)/mL血清,更优选使药剂量足够的化合物的血清浓度达到20ng-1μg/ml,最好使给药剂量足够的化合物的血清浓度达到50ng/ml-200ng/ml。对于直接注射到滑膜(用于关节炎的治疗),应该给予足够的化合物以达到大约1微摩尔的局部浓度。
剂量的频率也可能因所使用的化合物和治疗的特定疾病而有所不同。然而,对于大多数疾病的治疗,优选每天4次、每天3次或更少的剂量方案,尤其优选每天1次或每天2次的剂量方案。但是可以理解的是,任何特定患者的特定剂量水平将取决于各种因素,包括所使用的特定化合物的活性、年龄、体重、一般健康状况、性别、饮食、给药时间、给药途径、排泄率、药物组合(例如其他正在给病人使用的药物),正在接受治疗的特定疾病的严重程度以及其他因素,包括开处方的医生的判断。
本发明的另一方面,本发明的化合物可用于各种非药学的体外和体内应用。本发明所述化合物也可作为PD-1/PD-L1相互作用活性测定的阳性对照物,即作为确定候选试剂与PD-1和/或PD-L1结合能力的标准,或作为正电子发射断层成像(PET)或单光子发射计算机断层成像(SPECT)的放射性示踪剂。
含有本发明所述化合物或药学上可接受的盐的试剂盒和使用说明书均在本发明涵盖的范围内。试剂盒还可以包含至少一种额外的试剂。试剂盒通常含有一个标签,用来说明试剂盒内容物的预期用途。术语标签包括在试剂盒上或与试剂盒一起提供的任何书面材料或记录材料,或与试剂盒一起提供的材料。
实施例
以下实施例说明了制备本发明所述化合物的各种方法,包括通式(I)或(II)的化合物。提供以下实施例是为了说明而不是限制所要求保护的发明。
以下使用的试剂和溶剂可以从商业来源获得,例如Aldrich化学公司(密尔沃基,威斯康星州,美国)。在瓦里安水银400兆赫兹核磁共振波普仪上记录核磁共振谱。提供了相对于TMS的显著峰,并将其以按照以下顺序列出:重数(s,单态;d,二重态;t,二重态;q,多重态;m,多重态)和质子数。质谱结果用以质量过荷比形式表示。在实施例中,对于含有最常见的原子同位素的m+H(或如所述的m-H)离子,质谱结果为单个m/z值。在所有情况下,同位素模式都与预期的通式符合。采用HP1100高效液相色谱法在惠普MSD电喷雾质谱机上进行了电喷雾电离(ESI)质谱分析。正常情况下,将分析物溶于0.1mg/mL的甲醇或CH3CN中,并将1微升的溶剂与递送溶剂一起注入到质谱仪中,质谱仪扫描范围为100-1000道尔顿。所有化合物均可在正ESI或负ESI模式下进行分析,使用乙腈/水和1%甲酸作为递送溶剂。
在实施例和整个说明书中使用以下缩写:TLC表示薄层色谱
使用本领域技术人员已知的各种反应,可以合成以下所述本发明范围内的化合物。本领域技术人员也将认识到,可采用替代方法来合成本发明的目标化合物,并且本发明所述的方法并不详尽,但确实提供了广泛适用和实用的途径来合成感兴趣的化合物。
本专利中所述的某些分子可以存在不同的对映体和非对映体形式,并且除非指定了特定的对映体,否则要求保护这些化合物的所有变体。
本文对合成关键化合物的实验过程进行了详细的描述,并通过物理数据以及与之相关的结构描述对分子进行了描述。
本领域技术人员也将认识到,在有机化学的标准工作过程中,酸和碱经常被用到。在本专利所述的实验过程中,如果亲本化合物具有必要的固有酸性或碱性,则有时会产生盐。
实施例1:(2S,2'S)-2,2'-((((((1S,1'S)-2,2',3,3'-四氢1H,1'H-[4,4'-联茚]-1,1'-二基)双(氧)双(5-氯-2-((5-氰基吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)-4,1-亚苯基)双(亚甲基)双(氮杂二基)双(3-羟基丙酸)的合成
步骤a:(S)-5-((4-氯-2-甲酰基-5-((4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂戊硼烷-2-基)-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-基)氧)苯氧基)甲基)烟腈(350mg、0.66mmol)、5-[[5-[(1S)-4-溴二氢化茚-1-基]氧-4-氯-2-甲酰基-苯氧基]甲基]吡啶-3-腈(320mg、0.66mmol))和2MK2CO3水溶液(1.0mL,2.0mmol)在二氧六环(13ml)中的溶液用氮气脱气30min,随后加入1,1′-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁]-二氯钯(II)与二氯甲烷的络合物(110mg,0.13mmol)。再脱气10分钟后,将溶液加热到90℃,并在此温度下搅拌4小时。然后将水(20mL)加入反应混合物中,以2:1氯仿:异丙醇(20mL x 3)提取混合物。MgSO4干燥合并的有机物,过滤并真空浓缩。用快速色谱法(SiO2,己烷配制的50%乙酸乙酯到100%己烷)纯化粗品得到5,5'-((((((1S,1'S)-2,2',3,3'-四氢-1H,1'H-[4,4'-联茚]-1,1'-二基)双(氧))双(4-氯-6-甲酰基-3,1-亚苯基))双(氧)双(亚甲基)二烟腈。
步骤b:将5,5'-((((((1S,1'S)-2,2',3,3'-四氢-1H,1'H-[4,4'-联茚]-1,1'-二基)双(氧))双(4-氯-6-甲酰基-3,1-亚苯基))双(氧)双(亚甲基)二烟腈(100mg,0.124mmol)和L-丝氨酸(130mg,1.24mmol)在DMF(4mL)中的溶液搅拌1小时,随后在10分钟内分小批量加入三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠(0.72g,3.4mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌过夜。真空中去除大部分DMF,用反相制备型HPLC(CH3CN-H2O+0.1%NH4CO3H)纯化粗品得到((2S,2’S)-2,2'-((((((1S,1’S)2,2',3,3'-四氢-1H,1'H-[4,4'-联茚]-1,1'-二基)双(氧))双(5-氯-2-((5-氰基吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)-4,1-亚苯基))双(亚甲基))双(氮杂亚烷二基))双(3-羟基丙酸)。MS:(ES)m/zC52H46Cl2N6O10[m+H]+的计算值985.3,实测值985.7。1h NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ9.02-8.99(m,2h),8.91(d J=1.9Hz,2h),8.46(t,J=1.9Hz,2h),7.51(s,2h),7.36-7.29(m,4h),7.30-7.24(m,2h),7.08(s,2h),6.08-5.94(m,2h),5.41(s,4h),4.61(s,4h),4.37(d J=13.1Hz,2h),4.25(d J=13.0Hz,2h),3.99(dd,J=11.9,3.9Hz,2h),3.84(dd,J=11.8,7.1Hz,2h),3.55(dd,J=7.0,3.9Hz,2h),3.09-2.93(m,2h),2.83-2.69(m,2h),2.60-2.44(m,2h),2.18-2.04(m,2h)。
生物实施例:酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)
PBS配制的1μg/mL人PD-L1(R&D获得)包被96孔板,4℃条件下过夜。然后在37℃,用PBS配制的0.05%TWEEN-20和2%BSA(W/V)封闭各孔1小时。用PBS/0.05%TWEEN-20冲洗平板3次,将化合物在稀释培养基中按1:5稀释后加入ELISA培养基中。加入人PD-1和生物素0.3μg/mL(ACRO生物系统),于37℃孵育1小时,然后用PBS/0.05%TWEEN-20洗涤3次。37℃下,利用PBS配制的2%BSA(W/V)/0.05%TWEEN-20作第二次封闭,10分钟,用PBS/0.05%TWEEN-20洗涤平板3次。37℃下,加入链霉亲和素-HRP,1小时,然后用PBS/0.05%TWEEN-20洗涤平板3次。加入TMB底物,在37℃下反应20min。加入停止液(2N H2SO4水溶液)。用微板分光光度计在450nm读取吸光度。结果如表1所示:IC50值如下:从100到10000nM(+);小于100nm(++)。
表1
表1的化合物是用类似于实施例1中描述的合成方法制备的。
本发明的特定实施例中描述了本发明的具体实施例。在阅读上述描述后,本发明的实施例的变体对于本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的,并且期望本领域技术人员可以适当地采用这些变体。相应地,本发明旨在以不同于本文具体描述的方式来实施,并且本发明包括如适用法律所允许的所附权利要求书中所述主题的所有修改和等同物。此外,除本发明另有说明或上下文另有明确矛盾外,上述要素在其所有可能变体中的任何组合均包含在本发明中。
本规范中所引用的所有出版物、专利申请、加入号和其他参考文献在此以参考的方式合并,就像每个单独的出版物或专利申请都特别和个别地指出以参考的方式合并一样。
Claims (32)
1.式(I)或式(II)表示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂合物或水合物:
其中
每个Y和Y’独立选自:O、NH和N(C1-4烷基);
R1独立选自:H、卤素、CN、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、–O-C1-4烷基和–O-C1-4卤代烷基;
每个R2a、R2b、R2c、R2a’、R2b’和R2c’独立选自:H、卤素、-CN、-Ra、-CO2Rb、-CONRbRc、-OC(O)NRbRc、-NRcC(O)Rb、-NRcC(O)2Ra、-NRb-C(O)NRbRc、-NRbRc、-ORb、-X1-ORb、-X1-NRbRc、-X1-CO2Rb、-SF5和-S(O)2NRbRc,其中每个X1是C1-4亚烷基;每个Rb和Rc独立选自氢、C1-8烷基或C1-8卤代烷基,或当连接于同一氮原子时,可以与该氮原子结合形成具有0-2个选自氮、氧或硫的杂原子作为环成员的五元或6元环,并任选被氧取代;每个Ra独立选自:C1-8烷基、C2-8烯基和C1-8卤代烷基;
R3和R3’各自独自选自:–NRdRe和4-12元单环、双环或螺环非芳香族杂环,任选被1-6个R3a取代;其中
Rd选自:H、C1-8卤代烷基和C1-8烷基;
Re选自:H、C1-8烷基、C1-8卤代烷基、C1-8羟烷基、-X2-CO2Rg、-X2-CONRgRh、和-X2-CONHSO2Rg、-X2-SO2NRgRh、-X2-SO3Rg、-X2-B(OH)2、-X2-PO3H2、-X2-C(O)NHOH、-X2-NRgRh、-C(O)Rg、C3-10环烷基、-C3-10环烷基-COORg、-C3-10环烷基-ORg、C4-8杂环基、-C4-8杂环基-COORg、-C4-8杂环基-ORg、-X2-C4-8杂环基、-C(=O)O-X2-C4-8杂环基、-X2-C3-10环烷基、C5-10杂芳基、-X2-C5-10杂芳基、-X2-C6-10芳基、-X2-(C=O)-C6-10芳基、-CO2-X2-O2C-C1-8烷基、-X2-NH(C=O)-C2-8烯基、-X2-NH(C=O)-C1-8烷基、-X2-NH(C=O)-C2-8炔基、-X2-(C=O)-NH-X2-COORg和-X2-(C=O)-NH-X2-ORg,任选被CO2H取代;其中Re的烷基或亚烷基部分任选进一步被选自OH、COOH、SO2NH2、CONH2、C(O)NHOH、COO-C1-8烷基或PO3H2的1到3个取代基取代;Re的C5-10杂芳基和C6-10芳基部分任选被选自OH、B(OH)2、COOH、NH2、SO2NH2、CONH2、C(O)NHOH、PO3H2、COO-C1-8烷基、C1-4芳基、C1-4亚烷基-OH、C1-4亚烷基-SO2NH2、C1-4亚烷基CONH2、C1-4亚烷基-C(O)NHOH、C1-4亚烷基-PO3H2或C1-4亚烷基-COOH的1到3个取代基取代;Re的C4-8杂环基和C3-10环烷基部分任选被1-4个Rw取代基取代;
或
Re与和其相连的N结合形成包含天然氨基酸和非天然氨基酸的单氨基酸、二肽或三肽,其中所述的非天然氨基酸选自C2-4羟烷基、C1-3烷基胍基和C1-4烷基-杂芳基的α碳取代基,其中每个天然氨基酸或非天然氨基酸的α碳进一步任选被甲基取代,所述单肽、二肽或三肽的末端部分选自:C(O)OH、C(O)O-C1-6烷基、C(O)NH2和PO3H2;
每个R3a独立选自:卤素、-CN、氧、-Rf、-CO2Rg、-CONRgRh、-CONHC1-6烷基-OH、-C(O)Rg、-OC(O)Rg、-OC(O)NRgRh、-NRgC(O)Rh、-NRgC(O)2Rh、-CONHOH、-PO3H2、-NRg-X2-C(O)2Rh、-NRgC(O)NRgRh、-NRgRh、-ORg、-S(O)2NRgRh、-O-X2-ORg、-O-X2-NRgRh、-O-X2-CO2Rg、-O-X2-CONRgRh、-X2-ORg、-X2-NRgRh、-X2-CO2Rg、-X2-CONRgRh、-X2-CONHSO2Rg和SF5;其中X2是C1-6亚烷基,任选进一步被OH、NH2、SO2NH2、CONH2、C(O)NHOH、PO3H2、COO-C1-8烷基或CO2H取代,其中每个Rg和Rh独立选自由氢、任选被1-2个选自OH、NH2、SO2NH2、CONH2、C(O)NHOH、PO3H2、COO-C1-8烷基或CO2H的取代基取代的C1-8烷基、任选被1-2个选自OH、NH2、SO2NH2、CONH2、C(O)NHOH、PO3H2、COO-C1-8烷基或CO2H的取代基取代的C1-8卤代烷基,或当Rg和Rh连接于同一氮原子时,Rg和Rh可以与该氮原子结合形成具有0到2个选自N、O或S的杂原子作为环成员的五元或六元环,并任选被氧取代;每个Rf独自选自:-OH、C1-8烷基、C2-8烯基和C1-8卤代烷基,这些取代基任选被OH、NH2、SO2NH2、CONH2、C(O)NHOH、PO3H2、COO-C1-8烷基或CO2H取代;
每个Rw取代基独立选自:C1-4烷基、C1-4亚烷基-OH、C1-4亚烷基-COOH、C1-4亚烷基-SO2NH2、C1-4亚烷基-CONH2、C1-4亚烷基-C(O)NHOH、C1-4亚烷基-PO3H、OH、COO-C1-8烷基、COOH、SO2NH2、CONH2、C(O)NHOH、PO3H2和氧;
每个R4和R4’独立选自:O-C1-8烷基、O-C1-8卤代烷基、C6-10芳基、C5-10杂芳基、-O-C1-4烷基-C4-7杂环烷基、-O-C1-4烷基-C6-10芳基和-O-C1-4烷基-C5-10杂芳基,其中每个基团任选被1-5个R4a取代;
每个R4a独立选自:卤素卤素、-CN、-Ri、-CO2Rj、-CONRjRk、-C(O)Rj、-OC(O)NRjRk、-NRjC(O)Rk、-NRjC(O)2Ri、-NRj-C(O)NRjRk、-NRjRk和-ORj;其中
每个Ri独立选自:C1-8烷基、C2-8烯基和C1-8卤代烷基;任选地,当两个R4a取代基在相邻原子上时,它们结合形成稠合的五元或六元碳环或杂环,并任选被氧取代;
每个Rj和Rk独立选自:氢、C1-8烷基和C1-8卤代烷基,或当连接于同一氮原子时,可与该氮原子结合形成具有0-2个选自N、O或S的额外杂原子作为环成员的五元或六元环,任选被氧取代;
每个n为独立的0、1、2或3;
每个R5和R5’独立选自:卤素、-CN、-Rq、-CO2Rr、-CONRrRs、-C(O)Rr、-NRrRs和ORr,其中
每个Rr和Rs独立选自:氢、C1-4烷基和C1-4卤代烷基,或当连接于同一氮原子时,可与该氮原子结合形成具有0-2个选自N、O或S的额外杂原子作为环成员的五元或六元环,任选被氧取代;每个Rq独立选自C1-8烷基或C1-8卤代烷基;
每个R6a和R6a’独立选自:氢、C1-4烷基和C1-4卤代烷基;
每个m为独立的0、1、2、3或4;
每个R6b和R6b’独立选自:F、C1-4烷基和C1-4卤代烷基。
2.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其特征在于,所述化合物用式(I)表示。
3.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其特征在于,所述化合物用式(II)表示。
4.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其特征在于,Y和Y'分别独立选自O或NH。
5.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其特征在于,Y和Y'各为O。
6.如权利要求2或3中任一所述的化合物,其特征在于,每个下标n独立为0或1。
7.如权利要求2或3中任一所述的化合物,其特征在于,每个下标m独立为0或1。
8.如权利要求2或3中任一所述的化合物,其特征在于,每个下标m独立为0或1,每个下标n独立为0或1。
9.如权利要求2或3中任一所述的化合物,其特征在于,每个R3和R3'独立为4-至9元单环或螺环非芳香杂环,任选被1–4个R3a取代。
10.如权利要求2或3中任一所述的化合物,其特征在于,每个R3和R3’独立为–NRdRe。
11.如权利要求2或3中任一所述的化合物,其特征在于,每个R3和R3’是–NRdRe,并且Re与和其相连的N结合是天然或非天然氨基酸,其中,所述非天然氨基酸具有选自C2-4羟基烷基或C1-3烷基-胍基的α碳取代基,其中每个天然氨基酸或非天然氨基酸中的α碳任选进一步被甲基取代,末端部分选自C(O)OH、C(O)O-C1-6烷基或C(O)NH2。
12.如权利要求2或3中任一所述的化合物,其特征在于,每个R3和R3’是–NRdRe,并且Re与和其相连的N结合是天然或非天然氨基酸,其中,所述非天然氨基酸具有C2-4羟基烷基α碳,其中每个天然氨基酸或非天然氨基酸中的α碳进一步被甲基取代,末端部分选自C(O)OH、C(O)O-C1-6烷基或C(O)NH2。
13.如权利要求2或3中任一所述的化合物,其特征在于,每个R2a、R2b、R2c、R2a’、R2b’和R2c’均独立选自:H、卤素、-CN、-Ra、-CO2Rb、-CONRbRc、-NRbRc和-ORb;其中每个Rb和Rc独立选自:氢、C1-8烷基和C1-8卤代烷基,或当连接于同一氮原子时,可以与该氮原子结合形成具有0-2个选自N、O或S的额外杂原子作为环成员的五元或6元环,并任选被氧取代;每个Ra独立选自:C1-8烷基、C2-8烯基和C1-8卤代烷基。
14.如权利要求3中所述的化合物,其特征在于,R1是H、卤素、CN或C1-4烷基。
15.如权利要求2或3中任一所述的化合物,其特征在于,每个R4和R4’均独立选自:O-C1-8烷基、O-C1-8卤代烷基、-O-C1-4烷基-C6-10芳基和-O-C1-4烷基-C5-10杂芳基,并且每个基团任选被1-5个R4a取代。
16.如权利要求2或3中任一所述的化合物,其特征在于,每个R4和R4’均独立选自:O-C1-8烷基、-O-C1-4烷基-苯基和-O-C1-4烷基-吡啶基,并且每个基团任选被1-3个R4a取代。
17.如权利要求2或3中任一所述的化合物,其特征在于,每个R2a、R2b、R2c、R2a’、R2b’和R2c’均独立地选自:H、卤素、-Ra、-CO2Rb、-CONRbRc、-NRbRc、和-ORb;其中每个Rb和Rc均独立选自:氢、C1-8烷基和C1-8卤代烷基,或当连接于同一氮原子时,可以与该氮原子结合形成具有0-2个选自N、O或S的额外杂原子作为环成员的五元或6元环,并任选被氧取代;其中每个Ra独立选自:C1-8烷基、C2-8烯基和C1-8卤代烷基;每个R3是4-9元单环或螺环非芳香族杂环,任选被1-4个R3a取代;每个R4选自:O-C1-8烷基、-O-C1-4烷基-苯基和-O-C1-4烷基-吡啶基,并且每个基团任选被1-3个R4a取代。
18.如权利要求2或3中任一所述的化合物,其特征在于,每个R2a、R2b、R2c、R2a’、R2b’和R2c’独立选自:H、卤素、-CN、-Ra、-CO2Rb、-CONRbRc、-NRbRc、和-ORb;其中每个Rb和Rc独立选自由氢、C1-8烷基和C1-8卤代烷基,或当连接于同一氮原子时,可以与该氮原子结合形成具有0-2个选自N、O或S的额外杂原子作为环成员的五元或6元环,并任选被氧取代;每个Ra独立选自:C1-8烷基、C2-8烯基和C1-8卤代烷基;每个R3是–NRdRe,并且Re与和其相连的N结合是天然或非天然氨基酸,其中,所述非天然氨基酸具有选自C2-4羟基烷基或C1-3烷基-胍基的α碳取代基,其中每个天然氨基酸或非天然氨基酸中的α碳任选进一步被甲基取代,末端部分选自C(O)OH、C(O)O-C1-6烷基或C(O)NH2;每个R4选自:O-C1-8烷基、-O-C1-4烷基-苯基和-O-C1-4烷基-吡啶基,每个基团任选被1-3个R4a取代。
20.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其特征在于,其从表1中具有++或+++活性的化合物中选出。
21.如权利要求1-20中任一所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述化合物是光学纯的或富集的异构体。
22.一种药物组合物,所述药物组合物包含权利要求1-21中任一所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,以及药学上可接受的赋形剂。
23.如权利要求22中所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,进一步包括一种或多种额外的治疗剂。
24.如权利要求23中所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述一种或多种额外的治疗剂选自下组:抗菌剂、抗病毒剂、细胞毒性剂、基因表达调节剂、化学治疗剂、抗癌剂、抗血管生成剂、免疫治疗剂、抗激素剂、抗纤维化剂、放射治疗、放射治疗剂、抗肿瘤剂和抗增殖剂。
25.一种调节受试者中PD-1信号通路介导的免疫应答的方法,包括给予受试者治疗有效量的权利要求1-21中任一所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,或权利要求22-24中任一所述的组合物。
26.一种提高、刺激、调节和/或增强有需要的受试者中免疫应答的方法,包括给予受试者治疗有效量的权利要求1-21中任一所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,或权利要求22-24中任一所述的组合物。
27.一种抑制有需要的受试者中癌细胞的生长、增值或转移的方法,包括给予受试者治疗有效量的权利要求1-21中任一所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,或权利要求22-24中任一所述的组合物。
28.一种治疗患有或易受PD-1信号通路介导的疾病或病症的受试者的方法,包括给予受试者治疗有效量的权利要求1-21中任一所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,或权利要求22-24中任一所述的组合物。
29.如权利要求25-28中任一所述的方法,其特征在于,患有疾病或病症的受试者选自:传染病、细菌传染病、病毒传染病、真菌传染病、实体肿瘤、血液恶性肿瘤、免疫疾病、炎症性疾病和癌症。
30.如权利要求28中所述的方法,其特征在于,所述疾病或病症选自:黑色素瘤、胶质母细胞瘤、食道肿瘤、鼻咽癌、葡萄膜黑色素瘤、淋巴瘤、淋巴细胞淋巴瘤、原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤、T细胞淋巴瘤、弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤、原发性纵隔大B细胞淋巴瘤、前列腺癌、抗去势前列腺癌、慢性髓细胞白血病、卡波西氏肉瘤纤维肉瘤、脂肪肉瘤、软骨肉瘤、骨原性肉瘤,血管肉瘤、淋巴管肉瘤、滑膜瘤、脑膜瘤、平滑肌肉瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、软组织肉瘤、肉瘤、败血症、胆道肿瘤、基底细胞癌、胸腺肿瘤、甲状腺癌、甲状旁腺癌、子宫癌、肾上腺癌、肝感染、默克尔细胞癌、神经肿瘤、滤泡中心淋巴瘤、结肠癌、何杰金氏病、非何杰金氏淋巴瘤、白血病、慢性或急性白血病、包括急性髓系白血病、慢性髓系白血病、急性淋巴细胞白血病、慢性淋巴细胞白血病、多发性骨髓瘤、卵巢肿瘤、骨髓增生异常综合征、皮肤或眼内恶性黑色素瘤、肾细胞癌、小细胞肺癌、肺癌、间皮瘤、乳腺癌、鳞状非小细胞肺癌(SCLC)、非鳞状小细胞癌(NSCLC)、结直肠癌、卵巢癌、胃癌、肝癌、胰腺癌癌、胰腺癌、胰腺导管腺癌、鳞状细胞癌的头部和颈部癌症的头部或颈部、胃肠道、胃癌、艾滋病毒、甲型肝炎、乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎、D型肝炎、疱疹病毒、乳头状瘤病毒、流感、骨癌、皮肤癌症、直肠癌、肛门癌、睾丸癌、输卵管癌、子宫内膜癌、癌宫颈、阴道癌、外阴癌、食道癌、小肠癌、神经内分泌癌、尿道癌、阴茎癌、膀胱癌、肾癌、输尿管癌、肾盂癌、中枢神经系统肿瘤、肿瘤血管生成、脊柱肿瘤、脑干胶质瘤、垂体腺瘤、表皮样癌、增生症、癌、腺癌、乳头状癌、囊腺癌、支气管原性癌、肾细胞癌、移行细胞癌、绒毛膜癌、精原细胞瘤、胚胎癌、肾母细胞瘤、多形性腺瘤、肝细胞乳头状瘤、肾小管腺瘤、囊腺瘤、乳头状瘤、腺瘤、平滑肌瘤、横纹肌瘤、血管瘤、淋巴管瘤、骨瘤、软骨瘤、脂肪瘤和纤维瘤。
31.如权利要求25至30中任一所述的方法,其特征在于,进一步包括向受试者施用治疗有效量的一种或多种额外的治疗剂。
32.如权利要求31所述的方法,其特征在于,所述一种或多种额外的治疗剂选自:抗微生物剂、抗病毒剂、细胞毒性剂、基因表达调节剂、化学治疗剂、抗癌剂、抗血管生成剂、免疫治疗剂、抗激素剂、抗纤维化剂、放射治疗、放射治疗剂、抗肿瘤剂和抗增殖剂。
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US20210008049A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 |
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WO2021007386A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 |
BR112021025888A2 (pt) | 2022-04-26 |
JP2022539830A (ja) | 2022-09-13 |
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