CN114199998A

CN114199998A - Manual detection method and device for non-fusion and slag inclusion defects of welded pipe groove

Info

Publication number: CN114199998A
Application number: CN202010985294.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张灵; 周长忠; 董斌; 徐彩云
Original assignee: Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
Current assignee: Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-18
Filing date: 2020-09-18
Publication date: 2022-03-18
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-18
Also published as: CN114199998B

Abstract

The invention discloses a manual detection method and a manual detection device for unfused and slag inclusion defects of a welded pipe groove, wherein the method comprises the following steps: 1. taking a welded pipe sample block (1) with a welding seam (11), and arranging defect reference holes (12) at the slopes on two sides of the welding seam; 2. a plurality of ultrasonic probes which have the functions of receiving and transmitting and are connected to a flaw detector are combined to form an L-shaped serial probe (2) or an X-shaped serial probe (3); 3. checking and positioning the L-shaped serial probe and the X-shaped serial probe; 4. performing primary detection and identification on unfused and slag inclusion defects at the position of the welded pipe slope by using an L-shaped serial probe; 5. after the unfused defect is preliminarily identified, the preliminarily identified unfused defect is identified and verified again through an X-type serial probe. The invention can preliminarily detect and identify the defects of non-fusion and slag inclusion through the L-shaped serial probe, and further verify and identify the defects of non-fusion and slag inclusion through the X-shaped serial probe, thereby effectively avoiding the quality risk of the related welded pipe.

Description

Manual detection method and device for non-fusion and slag inclusion defects of welded pipe groove

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method and a device for detecting the internal quality of a welding seam of a welded pipe, in particular to a manual detection method and a manual detection device for unfused and slag inclusion defects of a groove of the welded pipe.

Background

Steel pipes such as UOE (submerged arc welded pipe) are widely used in the field of natural gas transportation, and because the transmission medium has high risk such as high pressure, the quality requirement for the steel pipes such as UOE (submerged arc welded pipe) is high, and whether the welding line between the steel pipes meets the requirement is an important link for detecting the quality of the steel pipes. Common defects of the fusion zone (i.e., the interface area between the weld and the parent metal) in UOE welded pipes of different specifications are lack of fusion and slag inclusions. Wherein, the unfused is caused by too small current or too long arc, too small groove angle, too narrow gap or too large blunt edge due to the unsuitable welding specification. In addition, such discontinuous area type defects in the weld zone can be caused by excessively fast welding rods, improper welding angles, and unclean cleaning of the welding rods and debris in the weld bead. Slag inclusion is a volume defect caused by factors such as incomplete removal of each layer of slag, corrosion on a weldment, over-low current, improper strip transportation, insufficient stirring of a molten pool and the like. Slag inclusions are often irregularly distributed at various positions of the weld, and much slag inclusions occur at the position of the fusion zone.

Through metallographic anatomical analysis, unfused slag defects are often accompanied with slag inclusion defects and obvious linear extension along the thickness direction of a weld joint at the edge part, small cracks are easily generated under the stress of diameter expansion and water pressure, the slag inclusion defects of a common fusion area generally do not generate crack-like linear defects under the stress condition, so that the unfused defects are not allowed to exist on the conveying pipelines of natural gas and the like, the slag inclusion of the fusion area is evaluated according to the length and the width to determine whether the unfused slag can be released, if the slag inclusion in a standard range is evaluated as unfused, unnecessary waste is caused, and the quality risk is caused if the unfused slag inclusion defects are evaluated as slag inclusion in the standard range. Therefore, the two parts must be distinguished when the internal quality of the welding seam is inspected, but because the two parts are close to each other, the appearance of the welding seam is elliptical or elongated through flat panel ray detection, so that field flaw detectors can hardly distinguish whether the appearance defect in the welding seam is unfused or slag inclusion.

At present, the discrimination of non-fusion and slag inclusion of a submerged arc welding seam fusion zone at home and abroad is generally distinguished by images on an X-ray industrial digital imaging system. Because the welding seam slag inclusion belongs to the volume type defect, and has a certain thickness difference with the defect-free position, the slag inclusion type volume type defect can be found through ray transillumination. For unfused defects, if the height of the unfused defects in the depth direction of the weld joint is long, the images are obvious and similar in appearance and slag inclusion, and if some unfused defects are short in the depth direction of the weld joint, the radiographic images are not obvious or even absent. Therefore, the non-fusion and slag inclusion of the submerged arc welding are identified by the ray, and there is a risk that the slag inclusion may be regarded as non-fusion and unnecessary waste may be caused, or the non-fusion may be regarded as slag inclusion, or a non-fusion defect may be missed.

Disclosure of Invention

One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a manual detection method for detecting the fusion failure and slag inclusion defects of the welded pipe groove, which can preliminarily detect and identify the fusion failure and slag inclusion defects through an L-shaped serial probe, further verify and identify the fusion failure and slag inclusion defects through an X-shaped serial probe, achieve the purpose of accurately identifying the fusion failure and slag inclusion defects, and effectively stop the related quality risks of the welded pipe.

The invention also aims to provide a manual detection device for detecting the fusion failure and slag inclusion defects of the welded pipe groove, which can be used for manually and rapidly detecting the fusion failure and slag inclusion defects, and ensures the static stability and the moving reliability of a detection probe, thereby improving the reliability and the accuracy of detection results of the fusion failure and slag inclusion defects.

The invention is realized by the following steps:

a manual detection method for non-fusion and slag inclusion defects of a welded pipe groove comprises the following steps:

step 1: taking a welded pipe sample block with a welded joint, and arranging defect reference holes at grooves on two sides of the welded joint;

step 2: a plurality of ultrasonic probes which have the transceiving function and are connected to a flaw detector are taken, and the ultrasonic probes can be combined in the same plane to form at least one group of L-shaped serial probes or at least one group of X-shaped serial probes;

each group of the L-shaped tandem probes comprises two ultrasonic probes, and the straight line where the two ultrasonic probes are located is vertical to the length direction of the welding line;

each group of X-shaped tandem probes comprises four ultrasonic probes which are arranged above and below the welding line in a square matrix manner, so that the four ultrasonic probes and the welding line are positioned in the same plane;

and step 3: respectively checking and positioning the ultrasonic probes of the L-shaped serial probe and the X-shaped serial probe;

and 4, step 4: performing primary detection and identification on unfused and slag inclusion defects at the position of the welded pipe slope by using an L-shaped serial probe;

and 5: and carrying out secondary identification verification on the preliminarily identified unfused or slag inclusion defects through an X-type serial probe.

The defect reference hole is used as a reference equivalent and is positioned at 1/2 of the groove height of the welding seam, and the defect reference hole is as long as the welding seam.

The aperture of the defect reference hole, namely the reference equivalent is 2 mm.

The verification positioning method of the L-shaped serial probe comprises the following steps:

step 3.11: two ultrasonic probes of the L-shaped serial probe are marked as a first probe and a second probe and are arranged on the surface of the welded pipe sample block;

step 3.12: setting the first probe in a self-transmitting and self-receiving state, wherein the ultrasonic emission angle of the first probe forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the plane where the welded pipe sample block is located, and moving the first probe along the direction vertical to the length of the welded seam;

step 3.13: finding the highest emission wave of the first probe through a flaw detector, and fixing the first probe at the position of the highest emission wave;

step 3.14: setting the first probe in a transmitting state and the second probe in a receiving state, wherein the ultrasonic transmitting angle of the first probe forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the length direction of the welding line, and the ultrasonic receiving angle of the second probe is consistent with the ultrasonic transmitting angle of the first probe;

step 3.15: moving the second probe along the direction vertical to the length of the welding seam, finding the highest reflected wave position of the second probe through a flaw detector, fixing the second probe at the highest reflected wave position, and recording the setting parameters of the L-shaped serial probe;

step 3.16: and adjusting the wave amplitude of the reflected wave of the second probe by the flaw detector to enable the wave amplitude of the reflected wave to be larger than or equal to a first wave amplitude set value, and storing the L-shaped serial probe channel on the flaw detector.

The first wave amplitude set value is 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector.

The checking and positioning method of the X-type serial probe comprises the following steps:

step 3.21: the four ultrasonic probes of the X-type serial probe are marked as a ninth probe, a fifth probe, a tenth probe and a seventh probe;

step 3.22: the ninth probe and the tenth probe are symmetrically arranged above and below the weld joint respectively, and the straight line where the ninth probe and the tenth probe are located is vertical to the length direction of the weld joint; the ninth probe and the tenth probe are both set to be in a self-transmitting and self-receiving state; the ultrasonic emission angles of the ninth probe and the tenth probe form an included angle of 45 degrees with the length direction of the welding line, the vertical distance between the ninth probe and the tenth probe and the welding line is 1.5T-2.0T, and T is the wall thickness of a base material of the welded pipe;

step 3.23: moving the ninth probe and the tenth probe along the length direction of the welding seam, finding the highest emission waves of the ninth probe and the tenth probe through a flaw detector respectively, and fixing the ninth probe and the tenth probe at the highest emission wave positions;

step 3.24: setting the ninth probe and the tenth probe in a transmitting state, setting the fifth probe and the seventh probe in a receiving state, wherein the ultrasonic transmitting angles of the ninth probe and the tenth probe form an included angle of 45 degrees with the length direction of a welding seam, the ultrasonic receiving angle of the fifth probe is perpendicular to the ultrasonic transmitting angle of the ninth probe, and the ultrasonic receiving angle of the seventh probe is perpendicular to the ultrasonic transmitting angle of the tenth probe;

step 3.25: moving the fifth probe and the seventh probe along the length direction of the welding seam, respectively finding the highest reflected wave positions of the fifth probe and the seventh probe through a flaw detector, respectively fixing the fifth probe and the seventh probe at the highest reflected wave positions, and recording the setting parameters of the X-type serial probe;

step 3.26: the wave amplitudes of the reflected waves of the fifth probe and the seventh probe are respectively adjusted by the flaw detector, so that the wave amplitudes of the reflected waves of the fifth probe and the seventh probe are both more than or equal to a second wave amplitude set value, and an X-shaped serial probe channel is stored on the flaw detector.

And the second amplitude set value is 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector.

The step 4 comprises the following sub-steps:

step 4.1: respectively connecting at least one group of L-shaped serial probes to an L-shaped serial probe channel of the flaw detector, and starting the alarm function of the flaw detector;

step 4.2: in each group of L-shaped serial probes, the ultrasonic probe close to the welded pipe groove is set to be in a transmitting state, the ultrasonic probe far away from the welded pipe groove is set to be in a receiving state, and the two ultrasonic probes of each group of L-shaped serial probes are set according to the setting parameters of the L-shaped serial probes;

step 4.3: synchronously moving at least one group of L-shaped tandem probes along the direction vertical to the length of the welding seam, so that the ultrasonic probe in a transmitting state transmits ultrasonic waves to the welding seam at an angle of 45 degrees;

step 4.4: displaying the form of the reflected wave through a flaw detector;

when the form of the reflected wave meets one of the following conditions, the unfused defect at the welded pipe groove is preliminarily judged, and the unfused defect alarm is triggered:

conditions 1 to I: the angle of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is 42-48 degrees, and the amplitude of the reflected wave is more than or equal to a first amplitude set value;

conditions 1 to II: the static waveform of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is a single straight reflected wave, and the amplitude of the reflected wave is more than or equal to a first amplitude set value;

conditions 1 to III: in the moving process of the L-shaped serial probe, the dynamic envelope curve of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is a smooth parabola;

when the form of the reflected wave meets one of the following conditions, the slag inclusion defect at the welded pipe groove is preliminarily judged, and the slag inclusion defect alarm is triggered:

conditions 2 to I: the angle of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is 30-41 degrees, and the amplitude of the reflected wave is less than a first amplitude set value;

conditions 2 to II: the static waveform of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is a plurality of reflected waves, and the amplitudes of the reflected waves are all less than a first amplitude set value;

conditions 2 to III: in the moving process of the type serial probe, the dynamic envelope of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is saddle-shaped.

The step 5 comprises the following sub-steps:

step 5.1: respectively connecting at least one group of X-type serial probes to X-type serial probe channels of the flaw detector, and opening the alarm function of the flaw detector;

step 5.2: in each group of X-shaped serial probes, two ultrasonic probes arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the welding seam are set to be in a transmitting state, the other two ultrasonic probes arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the welding seam are set to be in a receiving state, and the four ultrasonic probes of each group of X-shaped serial probes are set according to the setting parameters of the X-shaped serial probes;

step 5.3: synchronously moving at least one group of X-shaped serial probes along the length direction of the welding line, so that the ultrasonic probes in the transmitting state transmit ultrasonic waves to the area where the unfused or slag inclusion defects are positioned at the groove of the welded pipe at an included angle of 45 degrees;

step 5.4: displaying the form of the reflected wave through a flaw detector;

when the form of the reflected wave meets one of the following conditions, further judging the unfused defect at the welded pipe groove, and triggering an unfused defect alarm:

condition 3-I: the angle of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is 42-48 degrees, and the amplitude of the reflected wave is more than or equal to a second amplitude set value;

conditions 3 to II: the static waveform of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is a single straight reflected wave, and the amplitude of the reflected wave is more than or equal to a second amplitude set value;

conditions 3 to III: in the moving process of the X-type serial probe, the dynamic envelope curve of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is a smooth parabola;

when the form of the reflected wave meets one of the following conditions, the slag inclusion defect at the welded pipe groove is further judged, and the slag inclusion defect alarm is triggered:

condition 4-I: the angle of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is 30-41 degrees, and the amplitude of the reflected wave is less than a second amplitude set value;

conditions 4 to II: the static waveform of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is a plurality of reflected waves, and the amplitudes of the reflected waves are all less than a second amplitude set value;

conditions 4 to III: in the moving process of the X-type serial probe, the dynamic envelope of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is saddle-shaped.

A manual detection device for detecting the fusion failure and slag inclusion defects of a welded pipe groove comprises an installation support, handles arranged at two ends of the installation support, a plurality of guide rails arranged in the installation support and used for installing an ultrasonic probe, and a plurality of positioning pieces arranged at two sides of the installation support and used for fixing the ultrasonic probe; the ultrasonic probes can move along the guide rail and are fixed on the mounting bracket through the positioning piece to form an L-shaped serial probe for primary detection and identification of the unfused and slag inclusion defects or an X-shaped serial probe for secondary identification and verification of the unfused and slag inclusion defects.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the method of the invention utilizes the morphological characteristics of unfused and slag inclusion defects, adopts the ultrasonic probe to detect the defects, and carries out effective primary detection and secondary identification on the unfused and slag inclusion defects through different angles, static waveforms and dynamic envelope lines of reflected waves, and has high detection efficiency and simple detection method.

2. According to the device, the defects of non-fusion and slag inclusion are preliminarily detected and identified through the L-shaped serial probe, the defects of non-fusion are further verified and identified through the X-shaped serial probe when the defects of non-fusion are detected, secondary identification is carried out through the probe arrays in different combinations, misjudgment between the defects of non-fusion and slag inclusion can be effectively avoided, and the detection precision is greatly improved.

3. The method is realized based on different waveforms, different equivalent weights, characteristics and the like of slag inclusion and non-fusion defects, can save a large amount of pipe materials which need to be degraded originally through accurate and efficient non-fusion and slag inclusion defect identification, simultaneously avoids leakage of slag inclusion hazardous defects, and has the advantages of high manual flaw detection efficiency, convenient manual flaw detection operation, environmental protection and the like.

The invention can preliminarily detect and identify the defects of non-fusion and slag inclusion through the L-shaped serial probe, further verify and identify the defects of non-fusion and slag inclusion by combining the X-shaped serial probe, and avoid the defect identification errors of non-fusion and slag inclusion and the missed detection risks of the non-fusion defects to the maximum extent through secondary detection and identification, thereby reducing the number of partial degradation and truncated pipes, effectively avoiding the quality risks of related welded pipes, and being particularly suitable for the flaw detection of welded steel pipes with the thickness of 10-40 mm.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a welded pipe sample block in step 1 of the manual detection method for the unfused and slag inclusion defects of the welded pipe groove of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the L-shaped tandem probe calibration positioning in step 3 of the manual detection method for the unfused and slag inclusion defects of the welded pipe groove of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the X-type tandem probe calibration positioning in step 3 of the manual detection method for the unfused and slag inclusion defects of the welded pipe groove of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a working state diagram of the manual detection method for the non-fusion and slag inclusion defects of the welded pipe groove of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a reflected wave static waveform of an unfused defect detected by an L-type tandem probe for a manual method for detecting an unfused and slag inclusion defect of a welded pipe groove according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a reflected wave static waveform of slag inclusion defect detected by an L-shaped tandem probe according to the manual detection method for detecting the fusion failure and slag inclusion defect of the welded pipe groove of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a reflected wave static waveform of an unfused defect detected by an X-type tandem probe for a manual method for detecting an unfused and slag inclusion defect of a welded pipe groove according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a reflected wave static waveform of slag inclusion defect detected by an X-type tandem probe according to the manual detection method for unfused and slag inclusion defect of a welded pipe groove of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a reflected wave dynamic envelope diagram of an unfused defect detected by the manual detection method for detecting the unfused and slag inclusion defects of the welded pipe groove;

FIG. 10 is a reflected wave dynamic envelope diagram of slag inclusion defects detected by the manual detection method for the unfused and slag inclusion defects of the welded pipe groove.

In the figure, 1 welding pipe sample block, 11 welding seams, 12 defect reference holes, 2L type tandem probes, 3X type tandem probes, 4 mounting brackets, 41 handles, 42 guide rails and 43 positioning parts.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.

referring to fig. 1, step 1: a welded pipe sample block 1 with a welding seam 11 is taken, and the bevels on two sides of the welding seam 11 are provided with defect reference holes 12.

Preferably, the defect reference hole 12 is located at 1/2 of the groove height of the weld joint 11, the diameter of the defect reference hole 12 is 2mm, and the defect reference hole 12 is longer than the weld joint 11.

Preferably, the length direction of the welded pipe sample block 1 is consistent with the length direction of the welding seam 11, the length of the welded pipe sample block 1 is 400mm, the width of the welded pipe sample block 1 is 400mm, and the thickness of the welded pipe sample block 1 is consistent with the wall thickness of the welded pipe. The welded tube sample block 1 can be cut directly on the welded tube produced to ensure that it is the same grade and thickness as the welded tube actually produced, thereby ensuring the authenticity and reliability of the detected defect equivalent.

Step 2: a plurality of ultrasonic probes which have the functions of receiving and transmitting and are connected to a flaw detector are taken, and the plurality of ultrasonic probes can be combined in the same plane to form at least one group of L-shaped serial probes 2 or at least one group of X-shaped serial probes 3.

Referring to fig. 2, each group of the L-shaped tandem probes 2 includes two ultrasonic probes, and a straight line of the two ultrasonic probes is perpendicular to the length direction of the weld 11.

Referring to fig. 3, each group of the X-type tandem probes 3 includes four ultrasonic probes arranged above and below the weld joint 11 in a square matrix, so that the four ultrasonic probes and the weld joint 11 are located in the same plane.

The ultrasonic probe is arranged in the probe sleeve and can rotate in a plane perpendicular to the welding seam 11, and the rotation angle is-45 degrees generally so as to meet the detection at two sides of the welding seam 11.

Preferably, the ultrasonic probe can adopt a K1 ultrasonic probe in the prior art, when the K1 ultrasonic probe obliquely irradiates to a defect at 45 degrees, the reflection angle is also 45 degrees, the received reflection signal is maximum, and the detection accuracy is high. The frequency of the ultrasonic probe is set to be 4-5MHz, the size is 10 x 10 or 12 x 12, the front edge (the region from the incident point of the probe to the most front end of the probe is called as the front edge) is 8-10mm, the front edge is small, the proximity to the defect is facilitated, the defect reflection equivalent is high, and the detection sensitivity and reliability are high. The flaw detector can adopt a multi-channel ultrasonic flaw detector matched with the ultrasonic probes, can be connected with eight ultrasonic probes, has at least 16 channels, and has the functions of sending, receiving and alarming.

And step 3: the ultrasonic probes of the L-type serial probe 2 and the X-type serial probe 3 are verified and positioned, respectively.

Referring to fig. 2, the verification positioning method of the L-shaped serial probe 2 includes:

step 3.11: two ultrasonic probes of the L-shaped tandem probe 2 are designated as a first probe a1 and a second probe a2, and are disposed on the surface of the weld-pipe sample block 1.

Step 3.12: the first probe A1 is set to be in a self-generating and self-receiving state, the ultrasonic emission angle of the first probe A1 forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the plane of the welded pipe sample block 1, and the first probe A1 is moved along the direction perpendicular to the length of the welded joint 11.

Step 3.13: the highest emission wave of the first probe A1 is found by the flaw detector, where the detection equivalent of the first probe A1 for detecting the defect reference holes 12 on the 2mm wide scale is the highest, and the first probe A1 is fixed at the position of the highest emission wave.

Step 3.14: the first probe a1 was set to the transmitting state, the second probe a2 was set to the receiving state, the ultrasonic wave transmitting angle of the first probe a1 and the longitudinal direction of the weld 11 were at an angle of 45 °, and the ultrasonic wave receiving angle of the second probe a2 and the ultrasonic wave transmitting angle of the first probe a1 were the same, i.e., the probe wafer of the first probe a1 and the probe wafer of the second probe a2 were arranged in parallel.

Step 3.15: the second probe a2 was moved in a direction perpendicular to the length of the weld 11, the highest reflected wave position of the second probe a2 was found by the flaw detector, and the second probe a2 was fixed at the highest reflected wave position where the reception equivalent of the second probe a2 was the highest, and the L-type tandem probe setting parameters (including the setting angle, the setting position, the setting pitch, and the like of each ultrasonic probe) were recorded.

Step 3.16: the amplitude of the reflected wave from the second probe a2 was adjusted by the flaw detector so that the amplitude of the reflected wave was not less than the first amplitude set value, and the L-type serial probe channel was saved in the flaw detector.

Preferably, the first amplitude set value is 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector. The adjustment mode of the reflection amplitude is as follows: the gate position of the second probe A2 was moved on the flaw detector, and the reflected wave from the second probe A2 was set at the middle position of the gate, with the gate width being 10mm and the gate height being 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector.

The L-shaped tandem probes 2 can be arranged on the left side and the right side of the welding seam 11 and used for synchronously detecting the left side and the right side of the welding seam 11, the detection efficiency is improved, the ultrasonic probes of the L-shaped tandem probes 2 on the two sides are symmetrically arranged relative to the welding seam 11, the adopted checking and positioning methods are the same, and the details are omitted here.

Referring to fig. 3, the calibration and positioning method of the X-type serial probe 3 includes:

step 3.21: the four ultrasonic probes of the X-type serial probe 3 are labeled as a ninth probe C1, a fifth probe B1, a tenth probe C3, and a seventh probe B3.

Step 3.22: the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are symmetrically arranged above and below the weld joint 11 respectively, and the straight line of the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 is vertical to the length direction of the weld joint 11; the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are both set to a self-generating and self-receiving state. The ultrasonic emission angles of the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 form an included angle of 45 degrees with the length direction of the welding seam 11, the perpendicular distance between the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 and the welding seam 11 is 1.5T-2.0T, and T is the wall thickness of the base material of the welded pipe.

Because the welding seam 11 of the welded pipe comprises two groove areas, the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 above and below the welding seam 11 respectively detect the groove areas close to each other, the loss of detection distance, namely receiving equivalent weight, can be reduced, and the accuracy and precision of detection are improved.

Step 3.23: the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are moved in the longitudinal direction of the weld 11, the highest emission waves of the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are found by the flaw detector, respectively, where the detection equivalent of the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 detecting the 2mm defect reference hole 12 is the highest, and the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are fixed at the highest emission wave position.

Step 3.24: the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are set in a transmitting state, the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are set in a receiving state, the ultrasonic transmitting angles of the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are both at an angle of 45 degrees with the length direction of the weld 11, the ultrasonic receiving angle of the fifth probe B1 is perpendicular to the ultrasonic transmitting angle of the ninth probe C1, and the ultrasonic receiving angle of the seventh probe B3 is perpendicular to the ultrasonic transmitting angle of the tenth probe C3.

Step 3.25: the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 were moved in the longitudinal direction of the weld 11, the highest reflected wave positions of the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 were found by the flaw detector, respectively, and the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 were fixed at the highest reflected wave positions thereof, respectively, where the reception equivalent of the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 was the highest, and the X-type tandem probe setting parameters (including the setting angle, the setting height, the setting position, the setting pitch, and the like of each ultrasonic probe) were recorded.

Step 3.26: the amplitudes of the reflected waves of the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are adjusted by the flaw detector so that the amplitudes of the reflected waves of the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are both equal to or greater than a second amplitude set value, and the X-type serial probe channel is stored in the flaw detector. Preferably, the second amplitude setting value is 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector. The adjustment mode of the reflection amplitude of the fifth probe B1 is as follows: the gate position of a fifth probe B1 was moved on the flaw detector, and the reflected wave was placed at the center of the gate, with the gate width being 10mm and the gate height being 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector. The adjustment of the reflection amplitude of the seventh probe B3 is the same as that of the fifth probe B1, and thus, the detailed description thereof is omitted.

If a plurality of groups of X-type serial probes 3 are arranged along the length direction of the weld 11, the calibration and positioning method adopted by each group of X-type serial probes 3 is the same, and will not be described herein again.

Please refer to fig. 4, step 4: and performing primary detection and identification on the unfused and slag inclusion defects at the position of the welded pipe slope by using the L-shaped serial probe 2.

Step 4.1: and (3) respectively connecting at least one group of L-shaped serial probes 2 to an L-shaped serial probe channel of the flaw detector, and starting the alarm function of the flaw detector.

Step 4.2: in each group of L-shaped serial probes 2, the ultrasonic probe close to the welded pipe groove is set to be in a transmitting state, the ultrasonic probe far away from the welded pipe groove is set to be in a receiving state, and the two ultrasonic probes of each group of L-shaped serial probes 2 are set with L-shaped serial probe setting parameters.

Step 4.3: at least one group of the L-shaped tandem probes 2 is synchronously moved along the direction vertical to the length of the welding seam 11, so that the ultrasonic probe in a transmitting state transmits ultrasonic waves to the welding seam 11 at an angle of 45 degrees.

Step 4.4: the form of the reflected wave is displayed by the flaw detector.

When the form of the reflected wave meets one of the following conditions, the unfused defect at the welded pipe groove can be preliminarily judged, and the unfused defect alarm is triggered.

Referring to fig. 5, the interfacial wave is a waveform of the groove without defects, and conditions 1-I: because the unfused welding at the welded pipe groove is an area type defect parallel to the wall thickness direction along the fusion line, in at least one group of L-shaped serial probes 2, if the angle of the reflected wave received by any ultrasonic probe in the receiving state is 42-48 degrees, the reflected wave transmitted to the ultrasonic probe in the receiving state is basically vertical to the probe wafer, and the amplitude of the reflected wave is more than or equal to a first amplitude set value, namely the energy transmitted to the flaw detector by changing the reflected signal into an electric signal after the probe wafer receives the reflected signal is very concentrated, and most of the amplitude of the reflected wave exceeds 80 percent of the full screen of the flaw detector.

Conditions 1 to II: because the fusion defect is regular, the reflected energy is concentrated, in at least one group of L-shaped tandem probes 2, the static waveform of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is a single straight reflected wave with higher amplitude, and the higher amplitude is that: the amplitude of the reflected wave is not less than the first amplitude set value.

See fig. 9, conditions 1-III: in the moving process of at least one set of the L-shaped serial probe 2, the dynamic envelope of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is a smooth parabola.

When the form of the reflected wave meets one of the following conditions, the slag inclusion defect at the welded pipe slope can be preliminarily judged, and the slag inclusion defect alarm is triggered.

Referring to fig. 6, the interfacial wave is a waveform of the groove without defects, and the condition 2-I: because the shape of slag inclusion at the groove of the welded pipe is the irregular polygonal volume defect, after a transmitted wave enters the slag inclusion defect at an angle of 45 degrees, the angles of reflected waves of the transmitted wave are changed and are all smaller than 45 degrees, therefore, in at least one group of L-shaped serial probes 2, if the angle of the reflected wave received by any ultrasonic probe in a receiving state is 30-41 degrees, the reflected wave transmitted to the ultrasonic probe in the receiving state cannot be perpendicular to a probe wafer, the amplitude of the reflected wave is smaller than a first amplitude set value, and the amplitude of the reflected wave is greatly smaller than 80 percent of the full screen of the flaw detector.

Conditions 2 to II: the slag inclusion defect has irregular appearance, other metal or nonmetal impurities exist in the defect, in at least one group of L-shaped serial probes 2, the static waveform of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is often a plurality of reflected waves with lower wave amplitude, and the lower wave amplitude is that: the amplitudes of the reflected waves are all less than the first amplitude set value.

See fig. 10, conditions 2-III: in the moving process of at least one group of the L-shaped serial probes 2, the dynamic envelope of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is saddle-shaped.

The defects of non-fusion and slag inclusion at the position of the slope are detected through the L-shaped serial probe 2, and the defects of non-fusion and slag inclusion can be primarily identified based on the receiving equivalent weight, the static reflection waveform characteristics and the different dynamic envelope lines of the two defects.

If the groove is not fused and the size of the groove in the wall thickness direction is smaller than the size of the defect reference hole 12, namely 2mm, the amplitude of the reflected wave of the unfused slag and the reflected wave of the slag inclusion, which is obtained by the detection of the L-shaped serial probe 2, is close to each other, even the amplitude of the reflected wave of the unfused slag and the reflected wave of the slag inclusion are possibly smaller than each other, at the moment, because the reflected wave is very low, the static waveform and the dynamic envelope are not clearly displayed, and the unfused slag and the slag inclusion defect cannot be directly identified, so that the L-shaped serial probe 2 can be verified through the X-shaped serial probe 3 after the primary identification of the unfused slag or slag inclusion defect is found.

And 5: and carrying out re-identification verification on the preliminarily identified unfused or slag inclusion defects through the X-type serial probe 3.

Step 5.1: and (3) respectively connecting at least one group of X-type serial probes 3 to X-type serial probe channels of the flaw detector, and opening the alarm function of the flaw detector.

Step 5.2: in each group of X-type tandem probes 3, two ultrasonic probes arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the weld joint 11 are set to a transmitting state, the other two ultrasonic probes arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the weld joint 11 are set to a receiving state, and the four ultrasonic probes of each group of X-type tandem probes 3 are set with X-type tandem probe setting parameters.

Step 5.3: and synchronously moving at least one group of X-shaped serial probes 3 along the length direction of the welding seam 11, so that the ultrasonic probes in the transmitting state transmit ultrasonic waves to the area where the fusion or slag inclusion defects are not formed at the groove of the welded pipe at an included angle of 45 degrees.

Step 5.4: the form of the reflected wave is displayed by the flaw detector.

When the form of the reflected wave meets one of the following conditions, the unfused defect at the welded pipe groove can be further judged, and an unfused defect alarm is triggered.

Referring to fig. 7, the interfacial wave is a waveform of the groove without defects, and the condition 3-I: although the size of the defect at the welded pipe groove in the wall thickness direction is small, it has a certain length in the length direction of the weld 11, and since the non-fusion defect is an area type defect, it is also a plane in the length direction of the weld 11. In at least one of the X-type serial probes 3, when a 45 ° ultrasonic wave emitted from any one of the ultrasonic probes in the emitting state encounters a defect, the reflected wave angle received by the corresponding ultrasonic probe in the receiving state is 42 ° to 48 °, that is, the reflected wave transmitted to the ultrasonic probe in the receiving state is substantially perpendicular to the probe wafer, and the amplitude of the reflected wave is equal to or greater than the second amplitude set value, the reflected wave received by the fifth probe B1 is identical to the reflected wave angle received by the seventh probe B3 because the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are symmetrically disposed, and the reflected wave of either one of the fifth probe B1 and the reflected wave received by the seventh probe B3 is taken for analysis. The probe wafer receives the reflected wave, converts the reflected wave into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the flaw detector, and the energy displayed on the flaw detector is very concentrated, namely the wave amplitude of the reflected wave is mostly more than 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector.

Conditions 3 to II: because the fusion defect is regular and the reflected energy is concentrated, in at least one group of X-type serial probes 3, if the static waveform of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is a single straight reflected wave with a higher amplitude, the higher amplitude is: the amplitude of the reflected wave is not less than the second amplitude set value. Since the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are symmetrically arranged, the reflected wave received by the fifth probe B1 and the reflected wave received by the seventh probe B3 may have the same waveform, and either one of the reflected waves may be analyzed.

See fig. 9, conditions 3-III: during the movement of at least one group of the X-type serial probes 3, the dynamic envelope of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is a smooth parabola. Since the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are symmetrically arranged, the reflected wave dynamic envelope of the fifth probe B1 and the reflected wave dynamic envelope of the seventh probe B3 may be matched, and either one of the reflected wave dynamic envelopes may be used for analysis.

When the form of the reflected wave meets one of the following conditions, the slag inclusion defect at the welded pipe slope can be further judged, and the slag inclusion defect alarm is triggered.

Referring to fig. 8, the interfacial wave is a waveform of the groove without defects, condition 4-I: because the shape of the slag inclusion at the groove of the welded pipe in the length direction of the welded pipe is irregular polygonal volume, after the transmitted wave is incident to the slag inclusion defect, the angle of the reflected wave changes and is less than 45 degrees, therefore, in at least one group of X-shaped serial probes 3, if 45-degree ultrasonic waves transmitted by any ultrasonic probe in the transmitting state are collided with the defect, the angle of the reflected wave received by the corresponding ultrasonic probe in the receiving state is 30-41 degrees, namely the reflected wave transmitted to the ultrasonic probe in the receiving state is not vertical to a probe wafer, the amplitude of the reflected wave is less than the second amplitude set value, and the amplitude of the reflected wave is greatly less than 80 percent of the full screen of the flaw detector. Since the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are symmetrically arranged, the reflected wave received by the fifth probe B1 and the reflected wave received by the seventh probe B3 have the same angle, and either one of the reflected waves may be analyzed.

Conditions 4 to II: the shape of the slag inclusion defect is irregular, other metal or nonmetal impurities exist in the defect, the static waveform of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is often a plurality of reflected waves with lower wave amplitudes, and the lower wave amplitudes are as follows: the wave amplitudes of the reflected waves are all less than the second wave amplitude set value. Since the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are symmetrically arranged, the reflected wave received by the fifth probe B1 and the reflected wave received by the seventh probe B3 may have the same waveform, and either one of the reflected waves may be analyzed.

See FIG. 10, conditions 4-III: in the moving process of the X-type serial probe 3, the dynamic envelope of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is saddle-shaped. Since the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are symmetrically arranged, the reflected wave dynamic envelope of the fifth probe B1 and the reflected wave dynamic envelope of the seventh probe B3 may be matched, and either one of the reflected wave dynamic envelopes may be used for analysis.

In order to facilitate the movement and fixation of the ultrasonic probe to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the manual inspection identification, the defect detection of the weld 11 may be performed by a manual inspection apparatus. The manual detection device comprises a mounting bracket 4, handles 41 arranged at two ends of the mounting bracket 4, a plurality of guide rails 42 arranged in the mounting bracket 4 and used for mounting the ultrasonic probe, and a plurality of positioning pieces 43 arranged at two sides of the mounting bracket 4 and used for fixing the ultrasonic probe; a plurality of ultrasonic probes can move along the guide rail 42 and are fixed on the mounting bracket 4 through a positioning piece 43, and the ultrasonic probes are combined to form an L-shaped serial probe 2 for primary detection and identification of the unfused and slag inclusion defects or an X-shaped serial probe 3 for secondary identification and verification of the unfused and slag inclusion defects. When the ultrasonic probes slide to the corresponding highest transmitting wave positions and/or highest reflecting wave positions along the guide rail 42, the ultrasonic probes are fixed on the mounting bracket 4 through the positioning piece 43, and the verification positioning of the L-shaped serial probe 2 and the X-shaped serial probe 3 is completed. The manual detection device is moved by holding the handle 41, so that the weld joint 11 can be detected for non-fusion and slag inclusion defects by the L-shaped serial probe 2 and the X-shaped serial probe 3 respectively.

Example 1:

cutting a section of welded pipe on the produced welded pipe, manufacturing a welded pipe sample block 1 according to the standard API SPEC 5L requirement of the welded pipe, wherein the welded pipe sample block 1 is 400mm in length direction and 400mm in width along the welding line, the welding line 11 is positioned in the middle of the welded pipe sample block 1, a defect reference hole 12 with the diameter of 2mm is drilled in the middle 1/2 thickness of the welded pipe groove on two sides of the welding line 11, and the defect reference hole 12 is a transverse through hole and is used as the defect reference equivalent of the welded pipe groove.

The L-type serial probe 2 or the X-type serial probe 3 can be combined by 8K 1 ultrasonic probes (marked as a1, a2, A3, a4, B1, B2, B3, and B4) and 8K 1 ultrasonic probes. The parameters of each K1 ultrasound probe were: the frequency of the probe is 4MHz, the front edge is 8mm, the probe can rotate at an angle of-45 degrees to 45 degrees in the probe sleeve, and the size of the probe is 10 x 10. A16-channel ultrasonic flaw detector is selected, can be simultaneously connected with 8K 1 ultrasonic probes, and has the functions of sending, receiving and alarming.

The first probe a1, the second probe a2, the third probe A3 and the fourth probe a4 were placed on the welded pipe sample block 1, the first probe a1 and the second probe a2 were positioned on one side of the weld 11 as a set of L-type tandem probes 2, and the third probe A3 and the fourth probe a4 were positioned on the other side of the weld 11 as a set of L-type tandem probes 2. The first probe A1 and the third probe A3 are both arranged close to the welding seam 11 and form an included angle of 45 degrees with the plane of the welded pipe sample block 1, the first probe A1 and the third probe A3 are moved along the direction perpendicular to the welding seam 11, and the highest emission wave is found by a flaw detector and correspondingly fixed at the position of the highest emission wave; moving the second probe A2 and the fourth probe A4 along the direction vertical to the welding seam 11, finding the highest reflected wave by the flaw detector and fixing the highest reflected wave at the position corresponding to the highest reflected wave; in this embodiment, the first amplitude setting value is 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector. And completing the verification and positioning of the L-shaped serial, storing the L-shaped serial probe channel, and recording the setting parameters of the L-shaped serial probe.

The first probe a1, the fifth probe B1, the second probe a2 and the sixth probe B2 were disposed above the weld 11, the third probe A3, the seventh probe B3, the fourth probe a4 and the eighth probe B4 were disposed below the weld 11, the first probe a1, the fifth probe B1, the third probe A3 and the seventh probe B3 were set as a set of X-type tandem probes 3, and the second probe a2, the sixth probe B2, the fourth probe a4 and the eighth probe B4 were set as a set of X-type tandem probes 3. The first probe a1, the second probe a2, the third probe A3 and the fourth probe a4 transmit ultrasonic waves of 45 degrees to the weld 11, and respectively find the highest transmitted waves corresponding thereto by the flaw detector, thereby fixing the four ultrasonic probes at the highest transmitted wave positions. Reflected waves of the transmitted waves of the first probe A1, the second probe A2, the third probe A3 and the fourth probe A4 are received by the fifth probe B1, the sixth probe B2, the seventh probe B3 and the eighth probe B4 respectively, and the highest reflected waves corresponding thereto are found by the flaw detector respectively, so that the four ultrasonic probes are fixed at the highest reflected wave positions. In this embodiment, the second amplitude setting is 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector. And finishing the calibration and positioning of the X-type serial probe, storing the X-type serial probe channel, and recording the setting parameters of the X-type serial probe.

The first probe A1, the second probe A2, the third probe A3 and the fourth probe A4 are set according to the setting parameters of the L-shaped serial probe and are connected to an L-shaped serial probe channel of the flaw detector, and the alarm function of the flaw detector is turned on. The two sets of the L-shaped tandem probes 2 are synchronously moved in a direction perpendicular to the length of the weld 11, so that the ultrasonic probe in a transmitting state transmits ultrasonic waves to the weld 11 at an angle of 45 °. The reflected wave received by the second probe A2 is observed by the flaw detector to be 45 degrees, the static waveform of the reflected wave is a straight reflected wave, the amplitude of the reflected wave exceeds 80 percent of the full screen of the flaw detector, the dynamic envelope curve during moving is a parabola, and the flaw detector triggers the alarm of the unfused flaw.

A first probe A1, a fifth probe B1, a second probe A2, a sixth probe B2, a third probe A3, a seventh probe B3, a fourth probe A4 and an eighth probe B4 are arranged according to X-type serial probe setting parameters and are placed above and below an unfused defect area which triggers alarm, 8 ultrasonic probes are connected to an X-type serial probe channel of a flaw detector, and the alarm function of the flaw detector is opened. The first probe A1, the second probe A2, the third probe A3 and the fourth probe A4 emit ultrasonic waves to the area where the fusion defect is not located at the position of the welded pipe notch at an included angle of 45 degrees. The observation of the flaw detector shows that the angle of the reflected wave received by the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 is 45 degrees, the static waveform of the reflected wave is a straight reflected wave, the amplitude of the reflected wave exceeds 80 percent of the full screen of the flaw detector, the dynamic envelope curve during movement is a parabola, and the flaw detector triggers the alarm of the unfused flaw.

Example 2:

The L-type serial probe 2 or the X-type serial probe 3 can be combined by 8K 1 ultrasonic probes (marked as a1, a2, A3, a4, B1, B2, B3, and B4) and 8K 1 ultrasonic probes. The parameters of each K1 ultrasound probe were: the frequency of the probe is 5MHz, the front edge is 8mm, the probe can rotate at an angle of-45 degrees in the probe sleeve, and the size of the probe is 10 x 10. A16-channel ultrasonic flaw detector is selected, can be simultaneously connected with 8K 1 ultrasonic probes, and has the functions of sending, receiving and alarming.

The first probe A1, the second probe A2, the third probe A3 and the fourth probe A4 are set according to the setting parameters of the L-shaped serial probe and are connected to an L-shaped serial probe channel of the flaw detector, and the alarm function of the flaw detector is turned on. The two sets of the L-shaped tandem probes 2 are synchronously moved in a direction perpendicular to the length of the weld 11, so that the ultrasonic probe in a transmitting state transmits ultrasonic waves to the weld 11 at an angle of 45 °. The reflected wave received by the second probe B2 is observed by the flaw detector to be 35 degrees, the static waveform of the reflected wave is a plurality of lower reflected waves, the wave amplitude does not exceed 80 percent of the full screen of the flaw detector, the dynamic envelope line during moving is saddle-shaped, and the flaw detector triggers slag inclusion defect alarm.

A first probe A1, a fifth probe B1, a second probe A2, a sixth probe B2, a third probe A3, a seventh probe B3, a fourth probe A4 and an eighth probe B4 are arranged according to X-type serial probe setting parameters and are placed above and below an unfused defect area which triggers alarm, 8 ultrasonic probes are connected to an X-type serial probe channel of a flaw detector, and the alarm function of the flaw detector is opened. The first probe A1, the second probe A2, the third probe A3 and the fourth probe A4 emit ultrasonic waves to the area where the fusion defect is not located at the position of the welded pipe notch at an included angle of 45 degrees. The observation of the flaw detector shows that the reflected wave angles received by the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are 40 degrees, the static waveform of the reflected wave is a plurality of lower reflected waves, the wave amplitude does not exceed 80 percent of the full screen of the flaw detector, the dynamic envelope line during movement is saddle-shaped, and the flaw detector triggers slag inclusion defect alarm.

Example 3:

The L-type serial probe 2 or the X-type serial probe 3 can be combined by 8K 1 ultrasonic probes (marked as a1, a2, A3, a4, B1, B2, B3, and B4) and 8K 1 ultrasonic probes. The parameters of each K1 ultrasound probe were: the frequency of the probe is 5MHz, the front edge is 10mm, the probe can rotate at an angle of-45 degrees in the probe sleeve, and the size of the probe is 12 x 12. A16-channel ultrasonic flaw detector is selected, can be simultaneously connected with 8K 1 ultrasonic probes, and has the functions of sending, receiving and alarming.

The first probe A1, the second probe A2, the third probe A3 and the fourth probe A4 are set according to the setting parameters of the L-shaped serial probe and are connected to an L-shaped serial probe channel of the flaw detector, and the alarm function of the flaw detector is turned on. The two sets of the L-shaped tandem probes 2 are synchronously moved in a direction perpendicular to the length of the weld 11, so that the ultrasonic probe in a transmitting state transmits ultrasonic waves to the weld 11 at an angle of 45 °. The reflected wave received by the second probe B2 is observed by the flaw detector to be 38 degrees, the static waveform of the reflected wave is a plurality of lower reflected waves, the wave amplitude does not exceed 80 percent of the full screen of the flaw detector, the dynamic envelope line during moving is saddle-shaped, and the flaw detector triggers slag inclusion defect alarm.

A first probe A1, a fifth probe B1, a second probe A2, a sixth probe B2, a third probe A3, a seventh probe B3, a fourth probe A4 and an eighth probe B4 are arranged according to X-type serial probe setting parameters and are placed above and below an unfused defect area which triggers alarm, 8 ultrasonic probes are connected to an X-type serial probe channel of a flaw detector, and the alarm function of the flaw detector is opened. The first probe A1, the second probe A2, the third probe A3 and the fourth probe A4 emit ultrasonic waves to the area where the fusion defect is not located at the position of the welded pipe notch at an included angle of 45 degrees. The observation of the flaw detector shows that the angle of the reflected waves received by the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 is 36 degrees, the static waveform of the reflected waves is a plurality of lower reflected waves, the wave amplitude does not exceed 80 percent of the full screen of the flaw detector, the dynamic envelope line during movement is saddle-shaped, and the flaw detector triggers slag inclusion defect alarm.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A manual detection method for non-fusion and slag inclusion defects of a welded pipe groove is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

step 1: taking a welded pipe sample block (1) with a welding seam (11), and arranging defect reference holes (12) at grooves on two sides of the welding seam (11);

step 2: a plurality of ultrasonic probes which have the functions of receiving and transmitting and are connected to a flaw detector are taken, and the ultrasonic probes can be combined in the same plane to form at least one group of L-shaped serial probes (2) or at least one group of X-shaped serial probes (3);

each group of the L-shaped tandem probes (2) comprises two ultrasonic probes, and the straight lines of the two ultrasonic probes are vertical to the length direction of the welding line (11);

each group of X-shaped tandem probes (3) comprises four ultrasonic probes which are arranged above and below the welding line (11) in a square matrix manner, so that the four ultrasonic probes and the welding line (11) are positioned in the same plane;

and step 3: verifying and positioning the ultrasonic probes of the L-shaped serial probe (2) and the X-shaped serial probe (3) respectively;

and 4, step 4: performing preliminary detection and identification on unfused and slag inclusion defects at the groove of the welded pipe through an L-shaped serial probe (2);

and 5: and carrying out re-identification verification on the preliminarily identified unfused or slag inclusion defects through an X-type serial probe (3).

2. The manual detection method for the unfused and slag inclusion defect of the welded pipe groove as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the defect reference hole (12) is used as a reference equivalent and is positioned at 1/2 of the groove height of the welding seam (11), and the defect reference hole (12) and the welding seam (11) are long.

3. The manual detection method for the unfused and slag inclusion defect of the welded pipe groove as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that: the aperture of the defect reference hole (12), namely the reference equivalent is 2 mm.

4. The manual detection method for the unfused and slag inclusion defect of the welded pipe groove as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the verification positioning method of the L-shaped serial probe (2) comprises the following steps:

step 3.11: two ultrasonic probes of the L-shaped tandem probe (2) are marked as a first probe A1 and a second probe A2 and are arranged on the surface of the welded pipe sample block (1);

step 3.12: setting the first probe A1 to be in a self-generating and self-receiving state, wherein the ultrasonic emission angle of the first probe A1 forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the plane of the welded pipe sample block (1), and the first probe A1 is moved along the direction vertical to the length of the welded joint (11);

step 3.13: finding the highest emission wave of the first probe A1 through a flaw detector, and fixing the first probe A1 at the position of the highest emission wave;

step 3.14: the first probe A1 is set to be in a transmitting state, the second probe A2 is set to be in a receiving state, the ultrasonic transmitting angle of the first probe A1 forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the length direction of the welding seam (11), and the ultrasonic receiving angle of the second probe A2 is consistent with the ultrasonic transmitting angle of the first probe A1;

step 3.15: moving the second probe A2 along the direction vertical to the length of the welding seam (11), finding the highest reflected wave position of the second probe A2 through a flaw detector, fixing the second probe A2 at the highest reflected wave position, and recording the setting parameters of the L-shaped serial probe;

5. The manual detection method for the unfused and slag inclusion defect of the welded pipe groove as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that: the first wave amplitude set value is 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector.

6. The manual detection method for the unfused and slag inclusion defect of the welded pipe groove as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the checking and positioning method of the X-type serial probe (3) comprises the following steps:

step 3.21: the four ultrasonic probes of the X-type tandem probe (3) are labeled as a ninth probe C1, a fifth probe B1, a tenth probe C3, and a seventh probe B3;

step 3.22: the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are symmetrically arranged above and below the weld joint (11) respectively, and the straight line of the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 is vertical to the length direction of the weld joint (11); the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are both set to a self-transmitting and self-receiving state; the ultrasonic emission angles of the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 form an included angle of 45 degrees with the length direction of the welding seam (11), the perpendicular distance between the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 and the welding seam (11) is 1.5T-2.0T, and T is the thickness of the base material wall of the welded pipe;

step 3.23: moving the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 along the length direction of the weld joint (11), finding the highest emission waves of the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 through a flaw detector respectively, and fixing the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 at the positions of the highest emission waves;

step 3.24: setting a ninth probe C1 and a tenth probe C3 to be in a transmitting state, setting a fifth probe B1 and a seventh probe B3 to be in a receiving state, wherein the ultrasonic transmitting angles of the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 form an included angle of 45 degrees with the length direction of a welding seam (11), the ultrasonic receiving angle of the fifth probe B1 is perpendicular to the ultrasonic transmitting angle of the ninth probe C1, and the ultrasonic receiving angle of the seventh probe B3 is perpendicular to the ultrasonic transmitting angle of the tenth probe C3;

step 3.25: moving the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 along the length direction of the weld joint (11), finding the highest reflection wave positions of the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 through a flaw detector respectively, fixing the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 at the highest reflection wave positions respectively, and recording the setting parameters of the X-type serial probe;

step 3.26: the amplitudes of the reflected waves of the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are adjusted by the flaw detector so that the amplitudes of the reflected waves of the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are both equal to or greater than a second amplitude set value, and the X-type serial probe channel is stored in the flaw detector.

7. The manual detection method for the unfused and slag inclusion defect of the welded pipe groove as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that: and the second amplitude set value is 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector.

8. The manual detection method for the unfused and slag inclusion defect of the welded pipe groove as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the step 4 comprises the following sub-steps:

step 4.1: respectively connecting at least one group of L-shaped serial probes (2) to an L-shaped serial probe channel of the flaw detector, and opening the alarm function of the flaw detector;

step 4.2: in each group of L-shaped serial probes (2), the ultrasonic probe close to the welded pipe groove is set to be in a transmitting state, the ultrasonic probe far away from the welded pipe groove is set to be in a receiving state, and the two ultrasonic probes of each group of L-shaped serial probes (2) are set according to the setting parameters of the L-shaped serial probes;

step 4.3: synchronously moving at least one group of L-shaped tandem probes (2) along the direction vertical to the length of the welding seam (11) to enable the ultrasonic probe in a transmitting state to transmit ultrasonic waves to the welding seam (11) at an angle of 45 degrees;

step 4.4: displaying the form of the reflected wave through a flaw detector;

conditions 1 to III: in the moving process of the L-shaped serial probe (2), the dynamic envelope curve of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is a smooth parabola;

conditions 2 to III: in the moving process of the L-shaped serial probe (2), the dynamic envelope curve of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is saddle-shaped.

9. The manual detection method for the unfused and slag inclusion defect of the welded pipe groove as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the step 5 comprises the following sub-steps:

step 5.1: respectively connecting at least one group of X-type serial probes (3) to X-type serial probe channels of the flaw detector, and opening the alarm function of the flaw detector;

step 5.2: in each group of X-shaped serial probes (3), two ultrasonic probes arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the welding seam (11) are set to be in a transmitting state, the other two ultrasonic probes arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the welding seam (11) are set to be in a receiving state, and the four ultrasonic probes of each group of X-shaped serial probes (3) are set according to the setting parameters of the X-shaped serial probes;

step 5.3: synchronously moving at least one group of X-shaped tandem probes (3) along the length direction of the welding seam (11) to enable the ultrasonic probe in the transmitting state to transmit ultrasonic waves to the area where the fusion or slag inclusion defect is not formed at the groove of the welded pipe at an included angle of 45 degrees;

step 5.4: displaying the form of the reflected wave through a flaw detector;

conditions 3 to III: in the moving process of the X-type serial probe (3), the dynamic envelope curve of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is a smooth parabola;

conditions 4 to III: in the moving process of the X-type serial probe (3), the dynamic envelope curve of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is saddle-shaped.

10. A manual detection device for the manual detection method for the unfused and slag inclusion defects of the welded pipe groove according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: comprises a mounting bracket (4), handles (41) arranged at two ends of the mounting bracket (4), a plurality of guide rails (42) arranged in the mounting bracket (4) and used for mounting the ultrasonic probe, and a plurality of positioning parts (43) arranged at two sides of the mounting bracket (4) and used for fixing the ultrasonic probe; a plurality of ultrasonic probes can move along a guide rail (42) and are fixed on a mounting bracket (4) through positioning pieces (43) to form an L-shaped serial probe (2) for primary detection and identification of unfused and slag inclusion defects or an X-shaped serial probe (3) for secondary identification and verification of the unfused and slag inclusion defects in a combined mode.