CN114180764B - Liquid pretreatment device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a liquid pretreatment apparatus and method, the apparatus comprising: a plurality of reaction units for pretreating the liquid; a feeding unit for feeding a liquid into a plurality of reaction units, at least two of which differ in capacity; a discharging unit for discharging the liquid pretreated by the plurality of reaction units; at least one pipe for connecting the plurality of reaction units, the feeding unit and the discharging unit; and at least one valve for installing on the at least one pipe to control a flow direction of the liquid among the plurality of reaction units, the feeding unit, and the discharging unit.

Description

Liquid pretreatment device and method

Technical field

This specification relates to the technical field of water treatment, and in particular to a liquid pretreatment device and method.

Background technique

The water shortage problem is serious in some areas of my country, such as Beijing, Tianjin, and Shandong. One strategic way to solve this problem is to desalinize seawater. Among the current seawater desalination technologies, the most mature ones are thermal method (i.e. distillation method) and membrane method (i.e. reverse osmosis method). Among them, reverse osmosis method is the most economical method. However, the reverse osmosis method has strict requirements for seawater desalination pretreatment, resulting in the cost of seawater desalination pretreatment accounting for more than 50% of the seawater desalination cost. In the current seawater desalination pretreatment process, how to effectively remove dissolved organic matter in seawater is a difficulty.

Therefore, there is a need for a liquid pretreatment technology that can effectively remove dissolved organic matter in seawater.

Contents of the invention

One embodiment of this specification provides a liquid pretreatment device. The liquid pretreatment device includes: a plurality of reaction units for pretreating the liquid; a feeding unit for feeding the liquid into a plurality of reaction units, at least two of the plurality of reaction units The reaction units have different capacities; a sending unit is used to send out the liquid pretreated by the multiple reaction units; at least one pipe is used to connect the multiple reaction units, the sending unit and the The delivery unit; and at least one valve installed on the at least one pipe to control the flow direction of the liquid between the plurality of reaction units, the delivery unit and the delivery unit.

In some embodiments, some or all of the plurality of reaction units include: a container for holding the liquid and decomposing and reacting organic matter in the liquid into inorganic matter; and a lighting device for lighting the liquid. Provide light for the decomposition reaction of the organic matter in the liquid in the container, and the light intensity is determined based on the organic matter content and the predetermined reaction time; a catalyst adding device is used for the decomposition reaction of the organic matter in the liquid in the container Provide a catalyst; and/or a stirring device for stirring the liquid in the container.

In some embodiments, some or all of the plurality of reaction units further include: a gas overflow monitoring device for monitoring the gas overflow of the reaction unit and determining the reaction end time.

In some embodiments, when the liquid comes from the previous reaction unit, the organic content is determined based on the gas overflow of the previous reaction unit monitored by the gas overflow monitoring device.

In some embodiments, it also includes: an organic matter content prediction model, used to predict the organic matter content of the liquid after a predetermined reaction time in the reaction unit, and the organic matter content prediction model is trained based on historical data. A machine learning model, the input includes the gas overflow amount at at least one time point, the light intensity, the characteristics of the catalyst, the size of the container and/or the temperature within the container, and the output includes the predetermined reaction The organic matter content after time.

One embodiment of this specification provides a liquid pretreatment method. The liquid pretreatment method includes: sending the liquid into multiple reaction units; in the multiple reaction units, pretreating the liquid to partially or completely decompose the organic matter in the liquid into inorganic matter, the At least two reaction units among the plurality of reaction units have different capacities; and the liquid after the pretreatment is sent out.

In some embodiments, the pretreatment includes treating the liquid by illumination, catalyst and/or stirring, the intensity of the illumination being determined based on the organic matter content and/or the predetermined reaction time.

In some embodiments, the predetermined reaction time is determined based on the gas overflow amount of the plurality of reaction units during the pretreatment process meeting a preset condition.

In some embodiments, when the liquid comes from the previous reaction unit, the organic content is determined based on the amount of gas overflow from the previous reaction unit.

In some embodiments, the organic matter content after the predetermined reaction time is determined based on a trained organic matter content prediction model, wherein the organic matter content prediction model is a machine learning model trained based on historical data, and the input Including the gas overflow amount, the light intensity, the characteristics of the catalyst, the size of the container and/or the temperature in the container at at least one time point, the output includes the organic matter after the predetermined reaction time content.

Description of the drawings

This specification is further explained by way of example embodiments, which are described in detail by means of the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are not limiting. In these embodiments, the same numbers represent the same structures, where:

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid pretreatment device according to some embodiments of this specification;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a reaction unit in a liquid pretreatment device according to some embodiments of this specification;

Figure 3 is an exemplary flow chart of a liquid pretreatment method according to some embodiments of this specification;

Figure 4 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a preprocessing method according to some embodiments of this specification;

Figure 5 is an exemplary schematic diagram of an organic matter content prediction model according to some embodiments of this specification.

Detailed ways

In order to explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification more clearly, the accompanying drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some examples or embodiments of this specification. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without exerting any creative efforts, this specification can also be applied to other applications based on these drawings. Other similar scenarios. Unless obvious from the locale or otherwise stated, the same reference numbers in the figures represent the same structure or operation.

It will be understood that the terms "system", "apparatus", "unit" and/or "module" as used herein are a means of distinguishing between different components, elements, parts, portions or assemblies at different levels. However, said words may be replaced by other expressions if they serve the same purpose.

As shown in this specification and claims, words such as "a", "an", "an" and/or "the" do not specifically refer to the singular and may include the plural unless the context clearly indicates an exception. Generally speaking, the terms "comprising" and "comprising" only imply the inclusion of clearly identified steps and elements, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. The method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements.

Flowcharts are used in this specification to illustrate operations performed by systems according to embodiments of this specification. It should be understood that preceding or following operations are not necessarily performed in exact order. Instead, the steps can be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. At the same time, you can add other operations to these processes, or remove a step or steps from these processes.

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid pretreatment device according to some embodiments of this specification.

In some embodiments, the liquid pretreatment device 100 may include: multiple reaction units (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, ..., which may be collectively referred to as 110 from now on) for pretreating the liquid; The sending unit (120) is used to send liquid into multiple reaction units, at least two of the multiple reaction units have different capacities; the sending unit (130) is used to send the liquid into the multiple reaction units. The liquid pretreated by the reaction unit is sent out; at least one pipe (140-1, 140-2, 140-3, 140-4, 140-5, 140-6, ..., may be collectively referred to as 140 from now on), with For connecting the plurality of reaction units, the feeding unit and the feeding unit; and at least one valve (150-1, 150-2, 150-3, 150-4, 150-5, 150-6, 150 -7, 150-8, 150-9, ..., may be collectively referred to as 150), used to be installed on the at least one pipe to control the liquid in the multiple reaction units, the feeding unit and The flow direction between the sending units.

The reaction unit 110 is a unit that pretreats liquid. In some embodiments, the reaction unit 110 may include a container for holding a liquid. Different reaction units 110 can have different capacities, so that they can be flexibly selected for use in different situations. In some embodiments, the reaction unit 110 may also include a lighting device. In some embodiments, the reaction unit 110 may also include a catalyst addition device, a stirring device, or any combination thereof. For a detailed description of the lighting device, catalyst adding device, and stirring device, see the description of Figure 2 later.

The reaction unit 110 may serve only as a container for holding different amounts of liquid, such as seawater, to perform sedimentation pretreatment on the liquid. It can also be further used for photocatalysis of liquids to decompose some or all of the organic matter in the liquid into inorganic matter such as CO ₂ .

Multiple reaction units can be connected in parallel or in series. That is, the liquid can be sent to the delivery unit after being processed in one reaction unit, or it can be sent to the next reaction unit to continue processing. In some embodiments, multiple reaction units 110 can all be connected in parallel, that is, the liquid can be directly sent to the delivery unit 130 after being processed in one reaction unit 110 . In some embodiments, multiple reaction units 110 can all be connected in series, that is, the liquid can be processed by one reaction unit 110 and then continue to be processed by another reaction unit 110 until the last reaction unit 110 is processed and then sent to the delivery unit. 130. In some embodiments, multiple reaction units 110 may be partially connected in series and partially in parallel. For example, each parallel branch may have multiple reaction units 110 connected in series, and the liquid may enter multiple parallel branches at the same time, and then be processed by the series-connected reaction units 110 in each parallel branch in sequence. There are many more connection relationships between the multiple reaction units 110, which are not exhaustively listed here. Those skilled in the art can flexibly adjust them according to the actual situation, and they are all within the scope of the present invention.

The feeding unit 120 is a unit that feeds liquid into the plurality of reaction units 110 . In some embodiments, the feeding unit 120 may be a delivery pump that directly delivers the liquid to the plurality of reaction units 110 . In some embodiments, the feeding unit 120 may be a container located higher than the plurality of reaction units 110. When the liquid outlet of the container is opened, liquid may enter the plurality of reaction units 110 through the liquid outlet pipe.

The sending unit 130 is a unit that sends out the liquid processed by the reaction unit 110 . In some embodiments, the delivery unit 130 may be a delivery pump that directly delivers the liquid. In some embodiments, the feeding unit 120 can be a container located lower than the plurality of reaction units 110. When the liquid outlet of the reaction unit 110 is opened, liquid can enter the feeding unit 130 through the liquid outlet pipe.

The pipe 140 is a pipe for transporting liquid and is used to connect the plurality of reaction units, the feeding unit and the feeding unit. In some embodiments, pipe 140 is a corrosion-resistant, oxidation-resistant metal pipe. In some embodiments, pipe 140 is a corrosion-resistant, oxidation-resistant plastic pipe. In some embodiments, the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe of the reaction unit 110 can be the same pipe 140, and the flow direction of the liquid in the pipe 140 can be controlled through the valve 150.

The valve 150 is provided on the pipe 140 and is used to control the flow direction and circulation of the liquid. By selecting the valve 150, such as a two-way valve, a three-way valve, a one-way valve, a two-way valve, etc., or any combination thereof, it is possible to control which reaction units the liquid enters and exits and the order in which it enters and exits. In some embodiments, through the use of a three-way valve, it is possible to control whether the liquid enters a specific reaction unit or skips this specific reaction unit and directly enters the next reaction unit. For another example, through the use of a two-way valve, the liquid can enter the reaction unit 110 through the same pipe 140, and after the liquid is processed, it can flow out of the reaction unit 110 through the same pipe 140. The selection of the installation position and type of the valve 150 can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs, and is within the scope of the present invention.

In some embodiments, the liquid pretreatment device may also include at least one pump for providing power for the flow of liquid in the pipeline or in and out of the reaction unit 110 . In some embodiments, a pump is provided on the pipeline 140 between the feeding unit 120 and the reaction unit 110 to transport liquid from the feeding unit 120 to the reaction unit 110 . In some embodiments, the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe of the reaction unit 110 are the same pipe 140, and a pump with a bidirectional transmission function, such as a vane-type bidirectional transmission pump, is installed on the pipe 140 to realize the entry and exit of liquid. In some embodiments, a pump is provided on the output pipe of the sending unit 130 to send the liquid out from the sending unit 130 . The number and installation positions of the pumps are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and there may be more. This is not an exhaustive list. Those skilled in the art can make flexible adjustments according to the actual situation, which are all within the scope of the present invention.

The liquid pretreatment device involved in the above embodiment can achieve at least the following effects: production capacity can be increased by flexibly combining multiple reaction units; the capacity of each reaction unit is different in size, and the appropriate one can be selected according to the actual situation reaction unit, which can save processing time, improve production efficiency, and reduce the cost of liquid pretreatment.

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a reaction unit in a liquid pretreatment device according to some embodiments of this specification.

In some embodiments, the reaction unit 200 may include a container 210, a lighting device 220, a catalyst adding device 230, and a stirring device 240.

The container 210 is a container for holding liquid. In some embodiments, container 210 may be open, such as a liquid pool. In some embodiments, the container 210 may also be a closed type, such as a liquid storage tank. In some embodiments, the container 210 is also used to install other functional devices, such as a lighting device 220, a catalyst adding device 230, a stirring device 240 or any combination thereof, and together with these devices provide a pretreatment for the contained liquid. environment, so that the organic matter in the liquid decomposes and reacts into inorganic matter.

The lighting device 220 is a device for providing lighting. For example, infrared lamp, ultraviolet lamp, incandescent lamp, etc. or any combination thereof.

In some embodiments, the illumination provided by the illumination device 220 may have different wavelengths, such as ultraviolet light with wavelengths of 365 nm, 380 nm, etc. In some embodiments, the lighting provided by the lighting device 220 may have different powers, such as 300W, 500W, 700W, 1000W, etc.

The lighting device 220 can be used to provide light for the decomposition reaction of organic matter in the liquid in the container 210, so that the dissolved organic matter in the liquid undergoes a decomposition reaction under the combined action of light and catalyst, and is degraded into CO ₂ and inorganic small molecules. In some embodiments, lighting device 220 may be installed in container 210. In some embodiments, the lighting device 220 can be installed outside the container 210 to illuminate from outside to inside.

In some embodiments, the illumination intensity of the illumination device 220 is determined based on the organic matter content and the predetermined reaction time. The organic content refers to the amount of organic matter contained in the liquid in the container 210 upon entry. The predetermined reaction time refers to the preset time for preprocessing the liquid in the container 210 . In some embodiments, the predetermined reaction time may be determined according to reaction schedules of multiple reaction units 110 . The reaction schedule refers to the reaction sequence of multiple reaction units 110. For example, after the liquid reacts in the A reaction unit 110, it is then input into the B reaction unit 110 to continue the reaction. Determining the predetermined reaction time based on the reaction schedules of multiple reaction units 110 enables economical and reasonable overall planning of the pretreatment process in the entire liquid pretreatment device. For details, please refer to the detailed description of FIG. 5 below. For example, the liquid can react in the A reaction unit 110 for 30 minutes, then be input into the B reaction unit 110 to continue the reaction for 20 minutes, and then be sent out through the sending unit 130 . For another example, the liquid may only react in the A reaction unit 110 for 50 minutes and then be directly sent out through the sending unit 130 . Therefore, by flexibly arranging the reaction schedule and the predetermined reaction time of the liquid in each reaction unit 110 according to the usage of the reaction unit 110, resources can be fully utilized and production efficiency improved.

In the above embodiments, through reasonable control of the light intensity by the lighting device, energy consumption can be saved, costs can be reduced, and production efficiency can be improved.

The catalyst adding device 230 is a device that supplies a catalyst. The type of catalyst can be a photocatalyst, such as TiO ₂ , MnO ₂ , etc. In some embodiments, catalyst addition device 230 may be installed in container 210 . In some embodiments, the catalyst addition device 230 may be installed outside the container 210 . In some embodiments, the catalyst adding device 230 can control the type, quantity, and adding time of the catalyst. In some embodiments, photocatalysis involving TiO ₂ and/or MnO ₂ can completely oxidize dissolved organic matter in the liquid into simple organic matter such as CO ₂ .

By adding a catalyst to the container 210, the catalyst adding device 230 can cause the organic matter in the liquid in the container to undergo a photocatalytic decomposition reaction under the combined action of light conditions and catalytic addition.

The stirring device 240 is a device for stirring the liquid. For example, electric mixer, pneumatic mixer, etc. Another example is horizontal mixer, vertical mixer, etc.

The stirring device 240 can stir the liquid during the pretreatment process in the container 210 to promote the photocatalytic decomposition reaction.

In some embodiments, the reaction unit 200 may further include a gas overflow monitoring device 250 . In some embodiments, the gas overflow monitoring device 250 may be installed in the container 210 . In some embodiments, the gas overflow monitoring device 250 can also be installed outside the container 210 .

The gas overflow amount monitoring device 250 is a device that monitors the amount of gas overflowing from the container. For example, CO2 detection device.

The gas overflow monitoring device 250 can determine the amount of decomposed organic matter in the liquid in the container 210 by monitoring the amount of gas overflowing from the container, thereby further determining the remaining amount of organic matter in the liquid in the container 210 and determining the reaction. End Time.

The gas overflow monitoring device 250 determines the reaction end time based on rules. In some embodiments, a threshold can be set for the gas overflow amount per unit time. When the gas overflow rate per unit time drops to the set threshold, it represents the end of the reaction. In some embodiments, a threshold can be set for the total gas overflow amount. When the total gas overflow amount rises to the set threshold, it represents the end of the reaction.

In some embodiments, when the liquid comes from the previous reaction unit 200, the organic matter content may be determined based on the gas overflow of the previous reaction unit 200 monitored by the gas overflow monitoring device 250.

There is a corresponding relationship between the amount of gas overflow and the organic matter content in the liquid. For example, the organic matter content in the liquid = the organic matter content when the liquid enters the reaction unit - the amount of decomposed organic matter converted according to the amount of gas overflow.

In some embodiments, when the liquid comes directly from the feeding unit 120, the organic content in the liquid may be based on the results of other organic content detection devices before the liquid enters the feeding unit 120, such as the proportion of organic matter and the liquid entering the reaction unit 200. The amount is determined.

Due to the gas overflow monitoring device provided in some of the above embodiments, there is no need to monitor the organic content in the liquid in each reaction unit 200. The organic content in the liquid can be easily determined based on the gas overflow.

In some embodiments, the reaction unit 200 further includes an organic content prediction model 260 for predicting the organic content of the liquid after a predetermined reaction time in the reaction unit 200 . The organic matter content prediction model 260 is a machine learning model trained based on historical data. The input includes the gas overflow amount at at least one time point, the light intensity, the characteristics of the catalyst, the size of the container 210 and/or the temperature inside the container, and the output includes a predetermined Organic content after reaction time. In some embodiments, an organic matter content prediction model 260 can be set for each reaction unit 200 , or a common organic matter content prediction model 260 can be set for all reaction units 200 .

In some embodiments, the organic matter content prediction model 260 may be a support vector regression machine model. In some embodiments, the organic matter content prediction model 260 may be a neural network model.

In some embodiments, the reaction schedule of multiple reaction units 200 may be determined based on the organic content of the liquid in each reaction unit 200 after a predetermined reaction time. The reaction schedule refers to the reaction sequence of each reaction unit 200. For example, after the liquid reacts in the A reaction unit, it is then input into the B reaction unit to continue the reaction.

Some of the above embodiments apply artificial intelligence technology to the liquid pretreatment device by setting the organic matter content prediction model 260, thereby achieving normalization, standardization, and automation of organic matter content prediction without manual intervention.

Figure 3 is an exemplary flow diagram of a liquid pretreatment method according to some embodiments of the present specification. As shown in FIG. 3 , the process 300 includes step 310 , step 320 and step 330 .

Step 310: Send the liquid into multiple reaction units. In some embodiments, step 310 may be performed by feeding unit 120.

The liquid can be seawater, fresh water, human sewage or industrial sewage containing solvent organic matter.

In some embodiments, multiple reaction units 110 can all be connected in parallel, and the feeding unit 120 sends liquid to each reaction unit 110 respectively. In some embodiments, multiple reaction units 110 can all be connected in series. The feeding unit 120 sends the liquid to one reaction unit 110 first, and after processing in this reaction unit 110, it continues to the next reaction unit 110 for processing. After processing by the last reaction unit 110, it is sent to the sending unit 130. In some embodiments, multiple reaction units 110 may be partially connected in series and partially in parallel. For example, each parallel branch may have multiple reaction units 110 connected in series, and the liquid may enter multiple parallel branches at the same time, and then be processed by the series-connected reaction units 110 in each parallel branch in sequence. There are many more connection relationships between the multiple reaction units 110, which are not exhaustively listed here. Those skilled in the art can flexibly adjust them according to the actual situation, and they are all within the scope of the present invention.

Step 320: In multiple reaction units, the liquid is pretreated to partially or completely decompose the organic matter in the liquid into inorganic matter. At least two reaction units among the multiple reaction units have different capacities. In some embodiments, step 320 may be performed by multiple reaction units 110.

The organic matter in the liquid may include dissolved organic matter, such as humic acid, carbohydrates, lipid compounds, etc.

Pretreatment refers to the process of oxidizing or decomposing part or all of the organic matter in the liquid into inorganic matter.

At least two of the plurality of reaction units 110 may have different capacities. For example, one reaction unit has a capacity of 50 m ³ and another reaction unit has a capacity of 100 m ³ . Because the processing time of a reaction unit with a smaller capacity will be shorter, but the manufacturing cost per unit volume is higher, and the time for liquid inlet and liquid discharge is shorter; while the processing time of a reaction unit with a larger capacity will be longer, but the unit volume The manufacturing cost is lower, and the time for liquid inlet and liquid outlet is longer. In actual production, reaction units with corresponding capacities can be flexibly selected to process liquids according to actual needs to save processing time and improve production efficiency.

In some embodiments, organic matter in the liquid can be decomposed through photocatalytic oxidation technology. Photocatalytic oxidation technology refers to a technology that uses light and catalysts to accelerate the oxidation and decomposition of organic matter in liquids, thereby decomposing part or all of the organic matter into inorganic matter. In some embodiments, the liquid can be stirred and the temperature adjusted based on light and catalyst, so that the oxidative decomposition is in better conditions and the decomposition rate is faster.

In some embodiments, P, S, and halogens in dissolved organic matter can be oxidized to PO ₄ ^3- , SO ₄ ^2- , and X, respectively. In some embodiments, the hydroxyl radicals generated by photocatalysis can kill some organisms in the liquid, such as cellular algae, protozoa, and bacteria, and decompose them into water, CO ₂ and trace inorganic salts, while also removing the liquid Chemical oxygen demand, dissolved organic matter and turbidity in the. In some embodiments, N-containing species are converted to NH ₄ ⁺ or NO ₃ ⁻ .

The specific process of pretreatment by the reaction unit 110 through illumination, catalyst and/or stirring is detailed in the following description of FIG. 4 .

Step 330: Send out the pretreated liquid. In some embodiments, step 330 may be performed by the sending unit 130.

After the liquid that has been pretreated and no longer needs further pretreatment is output from the reaction unit to the sending unit 130, the sending unit 130 then sends the liquid out. The delivery method can be realized in the form of a pump, or it can be stored in a liquid reservoir first and then delivered from the liquid outlet pipe in a natural overflow manner.

In some embodiments, multiple reaction units 110 can all be connected in parallel. After the liquid in each reaction unit 110 is processed, it is sent to each delivery unit 130 respectively. In some embodiments, multiple reaction units 110 can all be connected in series, and the liquid is processed by each reaction unit 110 in sequence until the last reaction unit 110 is processed and then sent to the delivery unit 130 . In some embodiments, multiple reaction units 110 may be partially connected in series and partially in parallel. For example, each parallel branch may have multiple reaction units 110 connected in series, and the liquid will be sent to the sending unit 130 after being processed by the reaction units 110 connected in series on each parallel branch. There can be more details about how the liquid is sent from the reaction unit 110 to the delivery unit 130. This is not an exhaustive list. Those skilled in the art can make flexible adjustments according to the actual situation, which are all within the scope of the present invention.

Some of the above-mentioned embodiments can realize the pretreatment of liquid and decompose some or all of the organic matter in the liquid into inorganic matter.

Figure 4 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a preprocessing method according to some embodiments of this specification.

The pretreatment method 400 shown in FIG. 4 includes pretreating the liquid through illumination, catalyst and/or stirring, and the intensity of the illumination is determined based on the organic matter content and/or the predetermined reaction time.

In some embodiments, the liquid needs to be processed under light conditions. In some embodiments, lighting may be performed by lighting device 220.

Lighting can include different types of lighting, for example, different wavelengths, different intensities. In some embodiments, the illumination provided by the illumination device 220 may be ultraviolet light with wavelengths of 365 nm, 380 nm, etc.

When pretreating the liquid, the lighting device 220 in the container 210 can be turned on to illuminate the liquid. In some embodiments, the lighting device 220 can be disposed in the container 210 for lighting. For example, the lighting device 220 is arranged above the liquid surface to illuminate the liquid. For another example, the lighting device 220 is arranged below the liquid level to illuminate the liquid. In some embodiments, the lighting device 220 can be disposed outside the container 210 for lighting. For example, the liquid is illuminated from all directions through a transparent container outside the container 210 . In some embodiments, there may be multiple illumination devices 220 that illuminate the liquid from different positions to improve illumination coverage.

Lamps with different wattages represent different light intensities. For example, the light intensity provided by the lighting device 220 may be 300W, 500W, 700W, 1000W, etc.

The predetermined reaction time refers to the preset duration during which the liquid can be pretreated in the reaction unit. For example, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 5 hours, 1 day, etc.

In reaction units of the same size, if the predetermined reaction time is shorter, the light intensity can be larger; if the predetermined reaction time is longer, the light intensity can be smaller. For example: if the predetermined reaction time is 2 hours, the light intensity should be 300W; The reaction time is 1 hour, and the light intensity is 700W. If the liquid contains more organic matter, the light intensity can be greater. If the liquid contains less organic matter, the light intensity can be smaller. For example: the organic content in the liquid is 30%, and the light intensity is 350W; the organic content in the liquid is 15%, and the light intensity is 700W.

In some embodiments, the predetermined reaction time may also be determined based on the reaction schedule of multiple reaction units. Reaction schedule refers to the reaction sequence of each reaction unit. For example, after the liquid reacts in the A reaction unit, it is input into the B reaction unit to continue the reaction.

In some embodiments, scheduling can be implemented by controlling the flow direction of the liquid in the pipeline 140 by controlling the valve 150 on the pipeline 140 . For example, by only opening the valve on the pipeline between the A reaction unit and the B reaction unit, the liquid reacts in the A reaction unit and is directly input into the B reaction unit to continue the reaction. For another example, by only opening the valve on the pipeline between the A reaction unit and the C reaction unit, the liquid reacts in the A reaction unit and is directly input into the C reaction unit to continue the reaction. For another example, by simultaneously opening the valves on the pipelines between the A reaction unit and the B and C reaction units, the liquid reacts in the A reaction unit and is simultaneously input into the B and C reaction units to continue the reaction.

In some embodiments, the predetermined reaction time is determined based on the gas overflow amounts of the multiple reaction units during the pretreatment process meeting preset conditions.

Pretreatment refers to the process of oxidizing or decomposing part or all of the organic matter in the liquid into inorganic matter. During the pretreatment process, organic matter will be decomposed into CO ₂ and inorganic small molecules.

The amount of gas overflow refers to the amount of gas overflowing from the reaction unit during the pretreatment process. For example, the amount of _CO2 spilled. Another example is the amount of water vapor that escapes.

The preset conditions refer to conditions under which preprocessing in the reaction unit can be ended.

In some embodiments, when the gas overflow amount does not meet the preset condition, the pretreatment of the liquid in the reaction unit is continued; when the gas overflow amount meets the preset condition, the pretreatment of the liquid in the reaction unit is terminated. Correspondingly, the time elapsed from the reaction start time to the reaction end time during the pretreatment of the liquid in the reaction unit can be determined as the predetermined reaction time.

The reaction end time can be determined based on rules. Rules refer to conditions that should be met before a reaction in a reaction unit can be considered completed.

The reaction start time refers to the point in time when the reaction in the reaction unit can be considered to have started. For example, the reaction start time may refer to 13:00 PM. The reaction end time refers to the time point at which the reaction in the reaction unit can be considered completed. For example, the reaction end time may refer to 15:30 pm.

In some embodiments, the rule may be that the amount of gas overflow rises to a set threshold. For example, a threshold is set for the total gas overflow amount. When the total gas overflow amount rises to the set threshold, it represents the end of the reaction, and the time point at the end of the reaction is the reaction end time. In some embodiments, the increase rate of the gas overflow amount may be reduced to a set threshold. For example, a threshold is set for the amount of gas overflow per unit time (i.e., the gas overflow rate). When the gas overflow rate drops to the set threshold, it represents the end of the reaction, and the time point at the end of the reaction is the reaction end time.

Organic matter content refers to the sum of various organic matter in the liquid. For example, it can be expressed as the sum of the masses of various organic compounds per milliliter of liquid. For another example, it can be expressed as the sum of the masses of various organic compounds per liter of liquid.

In some embodiments, light intensity may be determined based on organic content. When the reaction time has been preset, the higher the organic content, the greater the light intensity, and the lower the organic content, the smaller the light intensity. For example, the predetermined reaction time is 2 hours, the organic content is 50 mg/ml, and the light intensity is selected to be 300W. For another example, the predetermined reaction time is 2 hours, the organic content is 100 mg/ml, and the light intensity selected is 600W.

When the liquid comes from the previous reaction unit, the organic content in the liquid is determined based on the gas overflow of the previous reaction unit, thus making full use of the data obtained previously and avoiding individual detection in each reaction unit. The organic matter content can be determined, which improves production efficiency. Regarding the detection of the gas overflow amount, specifically refer to the description about the gas overflow amount monitoring device 250 in the reaction unit of FIG. 2 .

Based on the amount of gas overflow during the pretreatment process of the liquid in the previous reaction unit, the amount of organic matter that has been decomposed can be calculated, and then based on the organic matter content when the liquid enters the previous reaction unit and the amount of organic matter that has been decomposed in the previous reaction unit. The amount of decomposed organic matter determines the organic matter content of the liquid when it is output from the previous reaction unit.

In some embodiments, the relationship between the organic matter content in the liquid and the amount of gas overflow can be expressed as the following equation:

The organic matter content in the liquid = the organic matter content when the liquid enters the reaction unit - the amount of decomposed organic matter converted according to the amount of gas overflow.

In some embodiments, a support vector regression machine model may be used to predict the organic matter content after a predetermined time. In some embodiments, the organic content of the liquid when it enters the previous reaction unit and other characteristics, such as light intensity, characteristics of the catalyst, size of the container, and/or temperature within the container, can be input into the model based on a support vector regression machine model. , the model can output the organic content of the liquid in the previous reaction unit at a certain point in time. When the liquid passes the predetermined reaction time in the previous reaction unit, the output of the model is the organic content of the liquid when it enters the next unit from the previous reaction unit.

In some embodiments, the organic content of the liquid before entering the first reaction unit is detected using specialized instruments, such as plasma mass spectrometer, elemental analyzer, stable isotope ratio mass spectrometer, gas phase molecular absorption spectrometer, etc. In order to make the organic matter content in the liquid at each time point more accurate, the detection of organic matter content can be carried out multiple times at different time points in a day, such as nine o'clock, twelve o'clock, eighteen o'clock, twenty-four o'clock, or Do it at regular intervals, such as every other day, every other week, every other month.

In some embodiments, the light intensity can be determined based on the organic matter content and the predetermined reaction time. For example, when the organic matter content in the liquid has been determined, if the predetermined reaction time of the reaction unit is 1 hour, the light intensity is selected to be 600W. If the predetermined reaction time of the reaction unit is 2 hours, the light intensity is selected to be 300W. For another example, if the predetermined reaction time of the reaction unit has been determined to be 1 hour, if the organic content in the liquid is 50 mg/ml, the light intensity is selected to be 300W, and if the organic content in the liquid is 100 mg, the light intensity is selected to be 600W.

Catalyst refers to a substance that can speed up the decomposition rate of organic matter in liquid in the reaction unit. For example, MnO ₂ , TiO ₂ , etc.

The catalyst can work with light to photocatalyze the organic matter in the liquid, thereby oxidizing the organic matter in the liquid into inorganic matter such as _CO2 .

In order to speed up the reaction rate of organic matter in the liquid in the reaction unit, the liquid can be stirred during the reaction process.

In some embodiments, stirring is performed by stirring device 240.

It should be noted that the above description of method 400 is only for example and explanation, and does not limit the scope of application of this specification. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and changes can be made to the method 400 under the guidance of this specification. However, such modifications and changes remain within the scope of this specification. For example, no catalyst is used during pretreatment. As another example, no stirring means is used during pretreatment. For another example, the organic matter content is obtained by direct measurement and does not need to be calculated based on the amount of gas overflow.

Figure 5 is an exemplary schematic diagram of an organic matter content prediction model according to some embodiments of this specification.

The organic matter content prediction model is a machine learning model trained based on historical data and is used to predict the organic matter content of the liquid in the reaction unit after a predetermined reaction time.

In some embodiments, the machine learning model may be a support vector regression machine model.

In some embodiments, the machine learning model may be a neural network.

The inputs of the organic matter content prediction model include the gas overflow amount at at least one time point, the light intensity, the characteristics of the catalyst, the size of the container and/or the temperature within the container, and the output includes the organic matter content after the predetermined reaction time. The amount of gas overflow at at least one time point can reflect the decomposition of organic matter in the reaction unit at different time points. If the amount of gas overflow is larger, it indicates that the decomposition reaction is stronger. If the amount of gas overflow is smaller, it indicates that the decomposition reaction is weaker. .

Catalyst characteristics may include catalyst type, catalyst content, etc. Different catalyst characteristics decompose organic matter to different extents. Generally, there is an optimal value for the catalyst content, but under different conditions, the optimal value is different. For example, the type of catalyst may include photocatalyst TiO ₂ , MnO ₂ , etc. For another example, the catalyst content is 1g/L, 0.5g/L, etc.

The size of the container is a factor that affects the total amount of liquid organic matter in the reaction unit.

The temperature in the container refers to the temperature of the reaction unit. The temperatures of different reaction units can be the same or different, and can be set according to actual needs. For example, the temperatures corresponding to different reaction units can be set to 23°C, 24°C, 25-26°C, etc. The temperature inside the container is also an influencing factor for the decomposition reaction of liquid organic matter in the reaction unit. For example, different catalysts have different optimal activity temperatures. When the temperature in the container is near the optimal activity temperature of the catalyst, the organic matter decomposes faster.

In some embodiments, the organic content prediction model can be trained based on a large number of labeled training samples. Specifically, the labeled training samples are input into the organic content prediction model for training, and the parameters of the organic content prediction model are updated through training.

In some embodiments, the training samples may include the amount of gas escape at a specific point in time, the intensity of light, the characteristics of the catalyst, the size of the container, and/or the temperature within the container. In some embodiments, the training samples may come from historical data of liquid pretreatment by the reaction unit.

In some embodiments, the indicator may be the organic content after a predetermined reaction time. The identification may come from historical data of liquid pretreatment by the reaction unit.

In some embodiments, training can be performed in various ways based on training samples. For example, training can be based on gradient descent.

In some embodiments, the reaction unit can also determine the reaction schedules of multiple reaction units based on the results output by the organic content prediction model, that is, the organic content after a predetermined time. Through the reaction scheduling of multiple reaction units, the organic content in the liquid can be reduced to a standard that can be output through the delivery unit.

In some embodiments, the liquid pretreatment device 100 may further include a reaction schedule determination module. The reaction schedule determination module may be a processor that stores instructions. When executing the storage instruction, the processor can cause the reaction schedule determination module to determine the reaction schedules of the multiple reaction units based on the organic matter content.

The reaction schedule of multiple reaction units may include, but is not limited to: which reaction units the liquid is input into, the order in which the liquid is input into these reaction units, the amount of liquid input into the reaction units, and/or the amount of liquid in these reaction units. The length of time for the reaction to take place. In some embodiments, the reaction schedule determination module considers time factors in the determination process. For example, during peak water use periods, a large amount of water needs to be supplied continuously, which requires each reaction unit to undergo a large amount of pretreatment and storage in advance. During non-peak water use periods, water demand is small, so only a part of the reaction units need to be used. In some embodiments, the reaction schedule determination module may consider factors such as the container capacity of the reaction unit during the determination process. For example, when a certain amount of liquid is pretreated in batches, it may be necessary to reasonably distribute the liquid into reaction units of different sizes without wasting capacity. In some embodiments, the reaction schedule determination module may consider the preprocessing duration requirement during the determination process. For example, when the liquid needs to be pretreated quickly and sent out through the delivery unit, you may choose to disperse the liquid into as many reaction units as possible for reaction, thereby ensuring that each reaction unit only processes a relatively small amount of liquid, and the organic content is reduced. soon.

After the reaction schedule determination module determines the reaction schedules of multiple reaction units, it sends control signals to each reaction unit 110 and each valve 150, and performs a series of operations on the lighting device, catalyst adding device, stirring device and each valve in the reaction unit 110. The control realizes the control of the decomposition reaction of liquid in multiple reaction units and the control of the flow direction between multiple reaction units.

By introducing machine learning models, some of the above embodiments can automatically and efficiently predict the organic matter content in advance, improve the prediction accuracy, and use the prediction results to plan the reaction schedule of multiple reaction units in advance, which is beneficial to improving automation and The degree of intelligent control.

The basic concepts have been described above. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the above detailed disclosure is only an example and does not constitute a limitation of this specification. Although not explicitly stated herein, various modifications, improvements, and corrections may be made to this specification by those skilled in the art. Such modifications, improvements, and corrections are suggested in this specification, and therefore such modifications, improvements, and corrections remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this specification.

At the same time, this specification uses specific words to describe the embodiments of this specification. For example, "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and/or "some embodiments" means a certain feature, structure, or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of this specification. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” or “an alternative embodiment” mentioned twice or more at different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. . In addition, certain features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of this specification may be appropriately combined.

In addition, unless explicitly stated in the claims, the order of the processing elements and sequences, the use of numbers and letters, or the use of other names in this specification are not intended to limit the order of the processes and methods in this specification. Although the foregoing disclosure discusses by various examples some embodiments of the invention that are presently considered useful, it is to be understood that such details are for purposes of illustration only and that the appended claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments. To the contrary, rights The claims are intended to cover all modifications and equivalent combinations consistent with the spirit and scope of the embodiments of this specification. For example, although the system components described above can be implemented through hardware devices, they can also be implemented through software-only solutions, such as installing the described system on an existing server or mobile device.

Similarly, it should be noted that, in order to simplify the expression disclosed in this specification and thereby help understand one or more embodiments of the invention, in the previous description of the embodiments of this specification, multiple features are sometimes combined into one embodiment. accompanying drawings or descriptions thereof. However, this method of disclosure does not imply that the subject matter of the description requires more features than are mentioned in the claims. In fact, embodiments may have less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment.

In some embodiments, numbers are used to describe the quantities of components and properties. It should be understood that such numbers used to describe the embodiments are modified by the modifiers "about", "approximately" or "substantially" in some examples. Grooming. Unless otherwise stated, "about," "approximately," or "substantially" means that the stated number is allowed to vary by ±20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the specification and claims are approximations that may vary depending on the desired features of the individual embodiment. In some embodiments, numerical parameters should account for the specified number of significant digits and use general digit preservation methods. Although the numerical ranges and parameters used to identify the breadth of ranges in some embodiments of this specification are approximations, in specific embodiments, such numerical values are set as accurately as is feasible.

Each patent, patent application, patent application publication and other material, such as articles, books, instructions, publications, documents, etc. cited in this specification is hereby incorporated by reference into this specification in its entirety. Application history documents that are inconsistent with or conflict with the content of this specification are excluded, as are documents (currently or later appended to this specification) that limit the broadest scope of the claims in this specification. It should be noted that if there is any inconsistency or conflict between the descriptions, definitions, and/or the use of terms in the accompanying materials of this manual and the content described in this manual, the descriptions, definitions, and/or the use of terms in this manual shall prevail. .

Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification are only used to illustrate the principles of the embodiments of this specification. Other variations may also fall within the scope of this specification. Accordingly, by way of example and not limitation, alternative configurations of the embodiments of this specification may be considered consistent with the teachings of this specification. Accordingly, the embodiments of this specification are not limited to those expressly introduced and described in this specification.

Claims (6)

1. A liquid pretreatment apparatus, comprising:

A plurality of reaction units for pretreating the liquid;

some or all of the plurality of reaction units include:

the container is used for containing the liquid and decomposing organic matters in the liquid into inorganic matters;

illumination means for providing illumination for the decomposition reaction of the organic matters in the liquid in the container, the illumination intensity being determined based on the organic matter content and a predetermined reaction time;

catalyst adding means for providing a catalyst for the decomposition reaction of the organic matter in the liquid within the container; and/or

Stirring means for stirring the liquid in the container;

a feeding unit for feeding a liquid into a plurality of reaction units, at least two of which differ in capacity;

a discharging unit for discharging the liquid pretreated by the plurality of reaction units;

at least one pipe for connecting the plurality of reaction units, the feeding unit and the discharging unit;

at least one valve for installing on the at least one pipe to control a flow direction of the liquid among the plurality of reaction units, the feeding unit, and the discharging unit; and

The reaction unit further comprises an organic matter content prediction model for predicting the organic matter content of the liquid after the preset reaction time in the reaction unit, wherein the organic matter content prediction model is a support vector regression model or a neural network model, inputs the gas overflow amount including at least one time point, the illumination intensity, the characteristics of the catalyst, the size of the container and/or the temperature in the container, and outputs the organic matter content after the preset reaction time;

the reaction unit determines the reaction schedule of a plurality of reaction units according to the output result of the organic matter content prediction model, and the reaction schedule of the plurality of reaction units at least comprises: one of which of the reaction units the liquid is fed into, the order in which the liquid is fed into the reaction units, the amount of the liquid fed into the reaction units, and/or the length of time the liquid is reacted in the reaction units.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein some or all of the plurality of reaction units further comprise:

and the gas overflow amount monitoring device is used for monitoring the gas overflow amount of the reaction unit and determining the reaction ending time.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said organic matter content is determined based on said gas overflow amount of the preceding said reaction unit monitored by said gas overflow amount monitoring means when said liquid comes from the preceding said reaction unit.

4. A method of pre-treating a liquid, comprising:

feeding the liquid into a plurality of reaction units;

pretreating the liquid in the plurality of reaction units to partially or completely decompose organic matters in the liquid into inorganic matters, wherein at least two reaction units in the plurality of reaction units have different capacities; the pretreatment comprises treating the liquid by means of light, a catalyst and/or stirring, the intensity of the light being determined on the basis of the organic content and/or a predetermined reaction time; the method comprises the following steps:

predicting the organic matter content of the liquid after a preset reaction time in the reaction unit based on an organic matter content prediction model, wherein the organic matter content prediction model is a support vector regression model or a neural network model, inputting a gas overflow amount including at least one time point, the illumination intensity, the characteristics of the catalyst, the size of a container and/or the temperature in the container, and outputting the organic matter content after the preset reaction time;

Determining a reaction schedule of a plurality of reaction units based on the output result of the organic matter content prediction model, wherein the reaction schedule of the plurality of reaction units at least comprises: one of which of the reaction units the liquid is fed into, the order in which the liquid is fed into the reaction units, the amount of the liquid fed into the reaction units, and/or the length of time the liquid is reacted in the reaction units;

and delivering the pretreated liquid.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the predetermined reaction time is determined based on the gas overflow amount of the plurality of reaction units during pretreatment satisfying a preset condition.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the organic content is determined based on the gas overflow amount of the last reaction unit when the liquid comes from the last reaction unit.