CN114173226A - Novel passive optical network system based on distributed Raman optical amplifier - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel passive optical network system based on a distributed Raman optical amplifier, which relates to the technical field of optical communication and comprises an optical line terminal/a passive optical distribution network and an optical network unit, wherein the optical line terminal comprises a first circulator, and an OLT (optical line terminal) sending end and an OLT receiving end which are connected with the first circulator; the passive optical distribution network comprises a wavelength coupler and an optical beam splitter connected with the wavelength coupler, and the wavelength coupler is connected with the first circulator; the optical network unit comprises a Raman pump light source and a plurality of optical network subunits, and the Raman pump light source is connected with the wavelength coupler; each optical network subunit comprises a second circulator, an ONU sending end and an ONU receiving end, wherein the ONU sending end and the ONU receiving end are connected with the second circulator, and the second circulator in each optical network subunit is connected with the optical beam splitter. The invention can greatly reduce the application cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical communication, in particular to a novel passive optical network system based on a distributed Raman optical amplifier.
Background
The 21 st century is a highly information age, and the transmission, processing and storage of information will require unprecedented scale and speed, on the order of magnitude of terabit (1 Tb/s). In recent years, with the increasing degree of social informatization, especially the data service based on IP (Internet Protocol, Protocol for interconnection between networks) is increasing explosively, and for the foundation of information transmission (optical fiber backbone transmission network), the increase of single channel transmission rate from 40Gbit/s to 100Gbit/s or even 1Tbit/s has become a necessary trend.
As the transmission capacity of the medium and long distance backbone networks is increased, the access networks are under increased pressure. The traditional passive optical network access technology is limited by factors such as technology, devices and cost, the transmission capacity and performance of the traditional passive optical network access technology cannot meet the increasing demand of users for increasingly accelerated communication bandwidth, and the promotion potential is very limited, so that the traditional passive optical network becomes a bottleneck limiting the bearing capacity of the whole optical communication network. More and more new traffic types and characteristics pose a serious challenge to the transmission capacity and distance of the passive optical network; the improvement of the transmission performance requirement brings the challenge of rising deployment cost. Therefore, new architectures and techniques are urgently needed to achieve the revolutionary increase of the transmission performance and capacity of the access network, while achieving the goal of cost controllability.
A conventional Passive Optical Network (PON) technology is widely researched as an existing mainstream commercial access technology, a main structure of the PON technology is a classic point-to-multipoint transmission architecture, and no active amplifier device is provided in the entire system architecture, so that the system cost is reduced. Because the ethernet PON and the gigabit PON technologies widely used at the present stage mainly use a Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) mode, and are based on a direct alignment detection technology with a simple structure, the cost and the complexity are low, but the scheme is limited by an OOK modulation format and device performance, the access rate of the scheme is generally low, and if the modulation rate is forcibly increased, the scheme faces double physical damages of dispersion and insufficient receiving sensitivity, and is difficult to meet the increasing access capacity requirement in the future. The introduction of the coherent detection technology greatly improves the sensitivity of the receiver at the same speed and more thoroughly solves the problem of dispersion damage. However, the disadvantage of lacking optical amplification means in the conventional passive optical network limits further increase of the system power budget.
In order to achieve optical amplification in a passive optical network architecture and maximize the system power budget, the industry has tried to introduce a rare-earth doped fiber amplifier (typically an erbium-doped fiber amplifier) or a Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA) into a passive optical network. For example, an EDFA (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier) or SOA (Optical Network Unit) is added at an OLT (Optical line terminal) end or each ONU (Optical Network Unit), so as to increase the system loading power and obtain a higher system power budget. However, the working wavelength range of the rare earth-doped fiber amplifier completely depends on the physical properties of the rare earth-doped elements, so the working wavelength range is very limited, and higher nonlinear effect can be caused, and the amplifier has larger volume and larger power consumption, and can not be used at the ONU end basically; on the other hand, semiconductor lasers provide a smaller saturation output gain and a larger noise figure, although they can provide a larger operating wavelength range and are smaller in size and power consumption. The distributed Raman optical amplifier has a series of advantages of low noise index, small nonlinear effect, capability of providing a large working wavelength range and the like.
Therefore, there is a need for a new architecture to implement a new passive optical network based on distributed raman optical amplifiers.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a novel passive optical network system based on a distributed Raman optical amplifier, which can greatly reduce the application cost.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the optical line terminal comprises a first circulator, and an OLT sending end and an OLT receiving end which are connected with the first circulator;
the passive optical distribution network comprises a wavelength coupler and an optical beam splitter connected with the wavelength coupler, and the wavelength coupler is connected with the first circulator;
the optical network unit comprises a Raman pump light source and a plurality of optical network subunits, wherein the Raman pump light source is connected with the wavelength coupler;
each optical network subunit comprises a second circulator, an ONU sending end and an ONU receiving end, wherein the ONU sending end and the ONU receiving end are connected with the second circulator, and the second circulator in each optical network subunit is connected with the optical beam splitter.
On the basis of the technical proposal, the device comprises a shell,
an optical isolator is arranged between the OLT sending end and the first circulator;
an optical isolator and an optical filter are arranged between the OLT receiving end and the first circulator, and the optical filter is located between the optical isolator and the first circulator.
On the basis of the technical proposal, the device comprises a shell,
the first circulator comprises a port 1, a port 2 and a port 3;
the transmission direction of the first circulator is that the optical signal input by the port 1 is output to the port 2, and the optical signal input by the port 2 is output to the port 3.
On the basis of the technical proposal, the device comprises a shell,
an optical isolator between the OLT sending end and the first circulator is connected with a port 1 of the first circulator;
the optical filter is connected with a port 3 of the first circulator;
the wavelength coupler is connected to port 2 of the first circulator.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the wavelength coupler is connected with the first circulator through an optical fiber link.
On the basis of the technical proposal, the device comprises a shell,
an optical isolator is arranged between the ONU sending end and the second circulator;
and an optical isolator is arranged between the ONU receiving end and the second circulator.
On the basis of the technical proposal, the device comprises a shell,
the second circulator comprises port 1, port 2 and port 3;
the transmission direction of the second circulator is that the optical signal input by the port 1 is output to the port 2, and the optical signal input by the port 2 is output to the port 3.
On the basis of the technical proposal, the device comprises a shell,
an optical isolator between the ONU sending end and the second circulator is connected with a port 1 of the second circulator;
an optical isolator between the ONU receiving end and the second circulator is connected with a port 3 of the second circulator;
the beam splitter is connected to port 2 of the second circulator.
On the basis of the technical scheme, an optical isolator is arranged between the Raman pump light source and the wavelength coupler.
On the basis of the technical proposal, the device comprises a shell,
the wavelength coupler comprises a port 1, a port 2 and a port 3, wherein an optical signal input by the port 1 is output to the port 2, an optical signal input by the port 2 is output to the port 1, and an optical signal input by the port 3 is output to the port 1;
the first circulator is connected with a port 1 of the wavelength coupler, the optical beam splitter is connected with a port 2 of the wavelength coupler, and the Raman pump light source is connected with a port 3 of the wavelength coupler.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the distributed Raman optical amplifier is introduced into a passive optical network framework, the simultaneous amplification of uplink and downlink optical signals is realized by only utilizing one Raman pumping light source, the performances of the noise index, the wavelength application range and the like of the distributed Raman optical amplifier are superior to those of the traditional rare earth-doped optical fiber amplifier and a semiconductor optical amplifier, and meanwhile, the Raman pumping light source is arranged at the ONU end, so that the optical distribution network framework in the original passive optical network is not greatly changed, any active device is not added in the optical distribution network, the new system framework can be very easily updated and replaced, and the application cost is greatly reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a novel passive optical network system based on a distributed raman optical amplifier in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides a novel passive optical network system based on a distributed Raman optical amplifier, which realizes the simultaneous amplification of uplink and downlink optical signals by introducing the distributed Raman optical amplifier into a passive optical network framework and only utilizing one Raman pump light source, has the performances of noise index, wavelength application range and the like which are superior to those of the traditional rare earth-doped optical fiber amplifier and semiconductor optical amplifier, and simultaneously, because the Raman pump light source is arranged at an ONU end, the optical distribution network framework in the original passive optical network is not greatly changed, any active device is not added in the optical distribution network, the novel system framework can be ensured to be very easily updated and replaced for the original framework, and the application cost is greatly reduced.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a novel passive optical network system based on a distributed raman optical amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an optical line terminal, a passive optical distribution network, and an optical network unit.
The optical line terminal comprises a first circulator, and an OLT sending end and an OLT receiving end which are connected with the first circulator; the passive optical distribution network comprises a wavelength coupler and an optical beam splitter connected with the wavelength coupler, and the wavelength coupler is connected with the first circulator; the optical network unit comprises a Raman pump light source and a plurality of optical network subunits, wherein the Raman pump light source is connected with the wavelength coupler; each optical network subunit comprises a second circulator, an ONU sending end and an ONU receiving end, wherein the ONU sending end and the ONU receiving end are connected with the second circulator, and the second circulator in each optical network subunit is connected with the optical beam splitter.
For the optical line terminal in the embodiment of the invention, an optical isolator is arranged between the sending end of the OLT and the first circulator, an optical isolator and an optical filter are arranged between the receiving end of the OLT and the first circulator, and the optical filter is positioned between the optical isolator and the first circulator. The first circulator comprises a port 1, a port 2 and a port 3; the transmission direction of the first circulator is that the optical signal input from the port 1 is output to the port 2, and the optical signal input from the port 2 is output to the port 3.
An optical isolator between an OLT sending end and the first circulator is connected with a port 1 of the first circulator, namely the input end of the optical isolator is connected with the OLT sending end, and the output end of the optical isolator is connected with the port 1 of the first circulator; the optical filter is connected with the port 3 of the first circulator, for the optical isolator between the OLT receiving end and the first circulator, the output end of the optical isolator is connected with the OLT receiving end, the input end of the optical isolator is connected with the output end of the optical filter, and the input end of the optical filter is connected with the port 3 of the first circulator; the wavelength coupler is connected to port 2 of the first circulator.
For the optical network unit in the embodiment of the invention, an optical isolator is arranged between the sending end of the ONU and the second circulator; an optical isolator is arranged between the ONU receiving end and the second circulator; the second circulator includes port 1, port 2 and port 3; the transmission direction of the second circulator is that the optical signal input from the port 1 is output to the port 2, and the optical signal input from the port 2 is output to the port 3. An optical isolator between the ONU sending end and the second circulator is connected with a port 1 of the second circulator; an optical isolator between the ONU receiving end and the second circulator is connected with a port 3 of the second circulator; the beam splitter is connected to port 2 of the second circulator. An optical isolator is arranged between the Raman pump light source and the wavelength coupler. The raman pump light source is connected to the wavelength coupler by a separate fiber optic line.
For the passive optical distribution network in the embodiment of the invention, the wavelength coupler is connected with the first circulator through an optical fiber link. The wavelength coupler comprises a port 1, a port 2 and a port 3, wherein an optical signal input by the port 1 is output to the port 2, an optical signal input by the port 2 is output to the port 1, and an optical signal input by the port 3 is output to the port 1; the first circulator is connected with a port 1 of the wavelength coupler, the optical beam splitter is connected with a port 2 of the wavelength coupler, and the Raman pump light source is connected with a port 3 of the wavelength coupler. That is, the port 2 of the first circulator is connected with the port 1 of the wavelength coupler through an optical fiber link, and the optical isolator connected with the raman pump light source is connected with the port 3 of the wavelength coupler. The raman pump light source is connected to port 3 of the wavelength coupler by a separate fiber optic line.
Namely, an OLT transmitting end and an OLT receiving end of the optical line terminal are respectively connected with an optical isolator which has the same transmission direction as a transmitting/receiving optical signal. The output of an optical isolator at the sending end of the OLT is connected to a port 1 of a first optical circulator; the input end of the optical isolator at the receiving end of the OLT is connected to the output end of an optical filter, the input end of the optical filter is connected to the port 3 of the first optical circulator (the transmission direction of the first circulator is from the port 1 to the port 2 and from the port 2 to the port 3), and the port 2 of the first optical circulator is connected to the passive optical distribution network.
For the novel passive optical network system, the central wavelength of an optical signal at the OLT transmitting end is set to be lambdaOLTThe central wavelength of the optical signal at the sending end of the ONU is lambdaONUCentral wavelength lambda of Raman pump light sourcePumpCentral wavelength lambda according to the principle of operation of the Raman amplifierOLTAnd λONUMust be at the central wavelength lambda of the Raman pump light sourcePumpIn the effective region of Raman gain, in general, λ is a value for ensuring the gain of Raman light amplificationOLTAnd λONURatio of λPumpThe length is 80nm to 120 nm. The passive optical distribution network wavelength coupler has the function of ensuring that the central wavelength is lambdaPumpCan be coupled into the port 1 of the wavelength coupler through the port 3 of the wavelength coupler, but can not be coupled into the wavelength couplerPort 2 of the combiner; meanwhile, the central wavelength transmitted from the optical line terminal to the optical network unit is lambdaOLTThe downlink optical signal can only be transmitted to the port 2 of the wavelength coupler through the port 1 of the wavelength coupler, but can not pass through the port 3 of the wavelength coupler; similarly, the central wavelength transmitted from the optical network unit to the optical line terminal is λONUThe upstream optical signal of (2) can only be transmitted to port 1 of the wavelength coupler through port 2 of the wavelength coupler, and also can not pass through port 3 of the wavelength coupler.
After the Raman pump light is accessed, an optical fiber link of the passive optical distribution network becomes a distributed Raman optical amplification medium, the energy of a Raman pump light source can be transferred to upstream and downstream optical signals by means of the stimulated Raman scattering effect of the optical fiber medium, and for the downstream optical signals, a backward Raman optical amplifier is arranged in the system; for the uplink optical signal, the system is provided with a forward Raman optical amplifier, so that the aim of amplifying the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal simultaneously is fulfilled. It should be particularly pointed out that, because the power of the raman pump light source is generally large, the isolator is arranged in front of all the optical transceiver ends in the novel passive optical network system architecture of the present invention, so as to prevent the raman pump light source power from leaking and reflecting to affect the optical device; the optical filter in front of the receiving end of the OLT is used for filtering Raman pump optical signals transmitted in the same direction with the uplink signals, so that the system performance is improved and the optical device is protected.
The following describes a novel passive optical network system according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to an example.
An OLT sending end and an OLT receiving end of the optical line terminal are respectively connected with an optical isolator which has the same transmission direction with a sending/receiving optical signal. The output of an optical isolator at the sending end of the OLT is connected to a port 1 of a first optical circulator; the input end of the optical isolator at the receiving end of the OLT is connected to the output end of an optical filter, the input end of the optical filter is connected to the port 3 of the first optical circulator (the transmission direction of the first circulator is from the port 1 to the port 2 and from the port 2 to the port 3), and the port 2 of the first optical circulator is connected to the passive optical distribution network.
In a passive optical distribution network, a G.652D standard single-mode optical fiber link with the length of 40 kilometers is firstly arranged, and then the link is input into a port 1 of a wavelength coupler. Port 2 of the wavelength coupler is connected to a 1:16 optical splitter, which in turn is connected to 16 individual optical network sub-units of the optical network unit. Each optical network sub-unit is provided with a second circulator, two isolators, an ONU sending end and an ONU receiving end. In addition to 16 independent optical network sub-units, a unit not responsible for data transceiving is added in the optical network unit, and the unit comprises a raman pump light source and an optical isolator, and is connected to a port 3 of a wavelength coupler in a passive optical distribution network through an independent optical fiber wiring.
Let the central wavelength of optical signal at OLT transmitting end be lambdaOLT1550nm, the central wavelength of the optical signal at the transmitting end of the ONU is λONU1560nm, central wavelength λ of Raman pump light sourcePump1460nm, central wavelength λ according to the operating principle of raman amplifierOLTAnd λONUMust be at the central wavelength lambda of the Raman pump light sourcePumpIn the effective region of Raman gain, in general, λ is a value for ensuring the gain of Raman light amplificationOLTAnd λONURatio of λPumpThe length is 80nm to 120 nm. The wavelength coupler in the passive optical distribution network has the function of ensuring that the central wavelength is lambdaPumpThe raman pump light can be coupled into port 1 of the wavelength coupler through port 3 of the wavelength coupler, but cannot enter into port 2 of the wavelength coupler; meanwhile, the central wavelength transmitted from the optical line terminal to the optical network unit is lambdaOLTThe downlink optical signal can only be transmitted to the port 2 of the wavelength coupler through the port 1 of the wavelength coupler, but can not pass through the port 3 of the wavelength coupler; similarly, the central wavelength transmitted from the optical network unit to the optical line terminal is λONUThe upstream optical signal of (2) can only be transmitted to port 1 of the wavelength coupler through port 2 of the wavelength coupler, and also can not pass through port 3 of the wavelength coupler. With the access of the raman pump light, the fiber link in the optical distribution network becomes a distributed pullThe Raman optical amplification medium can transfer the energy of the Raman pump light source to upstream and downstream optical signals by means of the stimulated Raman scattering effect of the optical fiber medium, and for the downstream optical signals, a backward Raman optical amplifier is arranged in the system; for the uplink optical signal, the system is provided with a forward Raman optical amplifier, so that the aim of amplifying the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal simultaneously is fulfilled. It should be noted that, because the power of the raman pump light source is generally large (in this example, set to 23dBm, that is, 200mW), all the optical transceiver ends in the novel passive optical network system architecture of the present invention are preceded by an isolator, so as to prevent the raman pump light source power from leaking and reflecting to affect the optical device; the optical filter before the receiving end of the OLT is used for filtering the raman pump optical signal transmitted in the same direction with the uplink signal, thereby improving the system performance and protecting the optical device.
It should be noted that the wavelengths and numbers of the uplink optical signals, the wavelengths and numbers of the downlink optical signals, and the wavelengths and numbers of the raman pump light sources in the present invention can be flexibly set according to the actual link condition and the design principle of the distributed raman optical amplifier. The optical fiber link in the invention is not limited to the common G.652D standard single mode optical fiber, but also comprises all optical transmission media which can transmit optical signals and simultaneously can utilize the stimulated Raman scattering effect to carry out optical amplification.
The novel passive optical network system based on the distributed Raman optical amplifier of the embodiment of the invention realizes the simultaneous amplification of uplink and downlink optical signals by introducing the distributed Raman optical amplifier into the passive optical network framework and only utilizing one Raman pump light source, and the performances of the noise index, the wavelength application range and the like are superior to those of the traditional rare earth-doped optical fiber amplifier and the semiconductor optical amplifier.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
It is noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A novel passive optical network system based on distributed raman optical amplifiers, comprising:
the optical line terminal comprises a first circulator, and an OLT sending end and an OLT receiving end which are connected with the first circulator;
the passive optical distribution network comprises a wavelength coupler and an optical beam splitter connected with the wavelength coupler, and the wavelength coupler is connected with the first circulator;
the optical network unit comprises a Raman pump light source and a plurality of optical network subunits, wherein the Raman pump light source is connected with the wavelength coupler;
each optical network subunit comprises a second circulator, an ONU sending end and an ONU receiving end, wherein the ONU sending end and the ONU receiving end are connected with the second circulator, and the second circulator in each optical network subunit is connected with the optical beam splitter.
2. A novel passive optical network system based on distributed raman optical amplifiers according to claim 1, characterized in that:
an optical isolator is arranged between the OLT sending end and the first circulator;
an optical isolator and an optical filter are arranged between the OLT receiving end and the first circulator, and the optical filter is located between the optical isolator and the first circulator.
3. A novel passive optical network system based on distributed raman optical amplifiers according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the first circulator comprises a port 1, a port 2 and a port 3;
the transmission direction of the first circulator is that the optical signal input by the port 1 is output to the port 2, and the optical signal input by the port 2 is output to the port 3.
4. A novel passive optical network system based on distributed raman optical amplifiers according to claim 3, characterized in that:
an optical isolator between the OLT sending end and the first circulator is connected with a port 1 of the first circulator;
the optical filter is connected with a port 3 of the first circulator;
the wavelength coupler is connected to port 2 of the first circulator.
5. A novel passive optical network system based on distributed raman optical amplifiers according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wavelength coupler is connected with the first circulator through an optical fiber link.
6. A novel passive optical network system based on distributed raman optical amplifiers according to claim 1, characterized in that:
an optical isolator is arranged between the ONU sending end and the second circulator;
and an optical isolator is arranged between the ONU receiving end and the second circulator.
7. The novel passive optical network system based on distributed raman optical amplifiers of claim 6, wherein:
the second circulator comprises port 1, port 2 and port 3;
the transmission direction of the second circulator is that the optical signal input by the port 1 is output to the port 2, and the optical signal input by the port 2 is output to the port 3.
8. The novel passive optical network system based on distributed raman optical amplifiers of claim 7, wherein:
an optical isolator between the ONU sending end and the second circulator is connected with a port 1 of the second circulator;
an optical isolator between the ONU receiving end and the second circulator is connected with a port 3 of the second circulator;
the beam splitter is connected to port 2 of the second circulator.
9. A novel passive optical network system based on distributed raman optical amplifiers according to claim 1, characterized in that: an optical isolator is arranged between the Raman pump light source and the wavelength coupler.
10. A novel passive optical network system based on distributed raman optical amplifiers according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the wavelength coupler comprises a port 1, a port 2 and a port 3, wherein an optical signal input by the port 1 is output to the port 2, an optical signal input by the port 2 is output to the port 1, and an optical signal input by the port 3 is output to the port 1;
the first circulator is connected with a port 1 of the wavelength coupler, the optical beam splitter is connected with a port 2 of the wavelength coupler, and the Raman pump light source is connected with a port 3 of the wavelength coupler.
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