CN114171911B - Metamaterial antenna and array applied to millimeter wave communication - Google Patents
Metamaterial antenna and array applied to millimeter wave communication Download PDFInfo
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- CN114171911B CN114171911B CN202111655386.6A CN202111655386A CN114171911B CN 114171911 B CN114171911 B CN 114171911B CN 202111655386 A CN202111655386 A CN 202111655386A CN 114171911 B CN114171911 B CN 114171911B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0075—Stripline fed arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
- H01Q5/25—Ultra-wideband [UWB] systems, e.g. multiple resonance systems; Pulse systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
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Abstract
The invention discloses a metamaterial antenna and an array applied to millimeter wave communication, relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and aims to solve the problem that the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication at the present stage still cannot be miniaturized, low in profile and high in bandwidth. The metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication comprises: the microstrip feed line is positioned on the lower surface of the first dielectric layer, the reflector plate is positioned in the first dielectric layer and provided with a through hole, and the upper surface of the reflector plate and the upper surface of the first dielectric layer are positioned on the same plane; a second dielectric layer formed on the first dielectric layer and the reflective plate, a first annular metamaterial structure located on the second dielectric layer; the third medium layer is formed on the second medium layer and the first annular metamaterial structure, the radiation patch and the second annular metamaterial structure are located on the upper surface of the third medium layer, the second annular metamaterial structure is located on the periphery of the radiation patch, and the first annular metamaterial structure and the second annular metamaterial structure are oppositely arranged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a metamaterial antenna and an array applied to millimeter wave communication.
Background
With the rapid development of 5G wireless communication technology, metamaterial antennas with microstrip applications for millimeter wave communication are widely used. The metamaterial Antenna with the microstrip applied to millimeter wave communication has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in manufacturing, low cost, low profile and the like, and is a good choice for 5G millimeter wave package Antenna (AiP) application.
With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, the 5G wireless communication system has higher and higher requirements on antenna performance. With respect to the current demand for miniaturization and high data rate of 5G millimeter wave wireless communication systems, the development of metamaterial antennas for millimeter wave communication faces a number of problems that need to be solved urgently. On one hand, the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication in the traditional design faces a plurality of difficulties in miniaturization, particularly in longitudinal miniaturization, and the performance such as bandwidth and the like is reduced due to the fact that the profile of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication is reduced; on the other hand, metamaterial antennas for millimeter wave communications have many difficulties in increasing bandwidth at limited profile heights.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a metamaterial antenna and an array applied to millimeter wave communication, which are used for improving bandwidth and keeping the characteristics of low profile and miniaturization of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication unchanged.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a metamaterial antenna for use in millimeter wave communications, comprising:
The microstrip feed line is positioned on the lower surface of the first dielectric layer, and the reflector plate is positioned in the first dielectric layer and provided with a through hole;
A second dielectric layer formed on the first dielectric layer and the reflective plate, a first annular metamaterial structure located on the second dielectric layer;
The third medium layer is formed on the second medium layer and the first annular metamaterial structure, the radiation patch and the second annular metamaterial structure are located on the upper surface of the third medium layer, the second annular metamaterial structure is located on the periphery of the radiation patch, and the first annular metamaterial structure and the second annular metamaterial structure are oppositely arranged.
Under the condition of adopting the technical proposal, the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication in the invention utilizes the microstrip feeder line positioned on the lower surface of the first dielectric layer to couple and feed to the radiation patch through the through hole of the reflecting plate, and then the radiation patch excites the second annular metamaterial structure which is arranged opposite to the first annular metamaterial structure, because the invention comprises the first annular metamaterial structure and the second annular metamaterial structure, compared with the prior art, the invention increases the first annular metamaterial structure, so that when the second annular metamaterial structure is utilized to excite the first annular metamaterial structure, additional resonance can be obtained, thereby increasing the bandwidth of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication, and realizing the broadband characteristic of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication. In addition, the thickness of the metamaterial structure is negligible relative to the wavelength, so that the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication loaded with the metamaterial structure can realize high bandwidth without adding extra section height or adopting a complex antenna structure, and the low section characteristic of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication is ensured.
Furthermore, the laminated metamaterial structure formed by the first annular metamaterial structure and the second annular metamaterial structure is used for carrying out miniaturization design on the metamaterial structure, so that the area reduction of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication is realized under the condition that the dielectric material and the thickness are not changed, and the miniaturization of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication is further realized.
In one possible implementation, the first annular metamaterial structure comprises a first annular unit and a second annular unit, the first annular unit is located on the periphery of the second annular unit, and a gap exists between the first annular unit and the second annular unit;
the second annular metamaterial structure is located above a gap formed by the first annular unit and the second annular unit.
In one possible implementation, the first annular unit includes a plurality of first metamaterial patches, the second annular unit includes a plurality of second metamaterial patches, and the second annular metamaterial structure includes a plurality of third metamaterial patches;
each third metamaterial patch is located above a gap formed by two first metamaterial patches and two second metamaterial patches.
In one possible implementation, the first plurality of metamaterial patches are electrically isolated from each other; the plurality of second metamaterial patches are electrically isolated from each other; the plurality of third metamaterial patches are electrically isolated from each other.
In one possible implementation manner, a first gap is formed between two adjacent first metamaterial patches, a second gap is formed between two adjacent second metamaterial patches, a third gap is formed between two adjacent third metamaterial patches, and a fourth gap is formed between the first metamaterial patch and each second metamaterial patch;
The first gap, the second gap, the third gap, and the fourth gap are equal.
In one possible implementation, the width of the first metamaterial patch is the same as the width of the second metamaterial patch;
the width of the third metamaterial patch is 2 times that of the first metamaterial patch.
In one possible implementation, the center of the second annular metamaterial structure coincides with the center of the radiating patch;
the second annular metamaterial structure is electrically isolated from the radiating patch.
In a possible implementation manner, a rectangular through hole is formed in the center of the reflecting plate, the center of orthographic projection of the radiation patch on the reflecting plate is coincident with the center of the rectangular through hole, orthographic projection of the microstrip feeder line on the reflecting plate is perpendicular to the central axis of the rectangular through hole, and the microstrip feeder line is coupled with the radiation patch through the rectangular through hole for feeding;
The radiating patch excites feed to the first annular metamaterial structure and the second annular metamaterial structure.
In one possible implementation manner, the microstrip feeder is an open-ended microstrip feeder; the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication further comprises a feed port positioned on the lower surface of the first dielectric layer, and the tail end of the microstrip feed line is connected with the feed port to feed the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication;
And/or the first dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer are all high-frequency low-loss dielectric plates.
In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a metamaterial antenna array for use in millimeter wave communications. A metamaterial antenna array for use in millimeter wave communications comprises a plurality of metamaterial antennas for use in millimeter wave communications as described in the first aspect or any of the possible implementations of the first aspect and a feed network layer. The feed network layer comprises a plurality of microstrip feed lines, and any two metamaterial antennas applied to millimeter wave communication are connected through the microstrip feed lines.
Compared with the prior art, the metamaterial antenna array applied to millimeter wave communication has the same beneficial effects as those of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect, and the description is omitted here.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the invention. In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a metamaterial antenna for millimeter wave communication according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a plan view block diagram of a metamaterial antenna for millimeter wave communication according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the reflection phase contrast of a metamaterial periodic unit in the same period in the metamaterial antenna for millimeter wave communication according to the embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 4 is a graph comparing performance of a metamaterial antenna and an original metamaterial antenna for millimeter wave communication according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly describe the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, in the embodiments of the present invention, the words "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish the same item or similar items having substantially the same function and effect. For example, the first threshold and the second threshold are merely for distinguishing between different thresholds, and are not limited in order. It will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that the words "first," "second," and the like do not limit the amount and order of execution, and that the words "first," "second," and the like do not necessarily differ.
In the present invention, the words "exemplary" or "such as" are used to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete fashion.
In the present invention, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or", describes an association relationship of an association object, and indicates that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may indicate: a alone, a and B together, and B alone, wherein a, B may be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship. "at least one of" or the like means any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s). For example, at least one (one) of a, b or c may represent: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a, b and c, wherein a, b, c can be single or multiple.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In recent years, the regulation, research and application of electromagnetic waves by the electromagnetic super surface (Electromagnetic Metasurface) are rapidly developed. The electromagnetic super-surface is a two-dimensional electromagnetic super-material, and the electromagnetic super-surface is formed by manufacturing a periodically or non-periodically arranged sub-wavelength metal structure on an ultra-thin size. Compared with the three-dimensional electromagnetic metamaterial, the electromagnetic super-surface greatly reduces the requirement of a complex manufacturing process, has the advantages of low loss, light weight, high integration level and the like, can effectively regulate and control the characteristics of the electromagnetic wave such as phase, amplitude, polarization and radiation, and has great potential in antenna engineering application.
With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, the 5G wireless communication system has higher and higher requirements on antenna performance. In order to meet the demands for miniaturization and high data rates of 5G millimeter wave wireless communication systems, many researchers have put a lot of effort into antenna design and development. However, at present, the development of metamaterial antennas applied to millimeter wave communication still faces a number of problems that need to be solved urgently. On one hand, the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication in the traditional design faces a plurality of difficulties in miniaturization, particularly in longitudinal miniaturization, and the performance such as bandwidth and the like is reduced due to the fact that the profile of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication is reduced; on the other hand, metamaterial antennas for millimeter wave communications have many difficulties in increasing bandwidth at limited profile heights.
At present, technologies for improving the bandwidth of metamaterial antennas applied to millimeter wave communication mainly comprise antenna technologies such as an air cavity, U-shaped, L-shaped and E-shaped patches, patch loading metamaterial and the like. However, the metamaterial antenna with the air cavity applied to millimeter wave communication has the problems of complex antenna structure, high process difficulty in a millimeter wave high-density integrated system and the like; the wide frequency band is realized by using L-shaped, U-shaped, E-shaped structures and the like, but the asymmetric patch structures cause the problem of high cross polarization.
The metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication by using the loaded metamaterial in the modern antenna engineering can also increase the bandwidth to a certain extent, but most design performance is limited in improvement, the area of an antenna unit is increased, and the layout design of an antenna array is not facilitated. Meanwhile, at present, most metamaterial antennas are difficult to realize the antenna size smaller than half wavelength under the condition of not changing the dielectric material and thickness due to the metamaterial periodic structure with larger size when the cross section of the metamaterial antenna is not higher than 0.06 wavelength, so that the application difficulty of a multi-antenna system is increased.
Based on this, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication, including:
the microstrip feed line 5 is positioned on the lower surface of the first dielectric layer 8, and the reflector plate 3 with a through hole is positioned in the first dielectric layer 8.
A second dielectric layer 7 formed on the first dielectric layer 8 and the reflecting plate 3, and a first annular metamaterial structure 9 positioned on the second dielectric layer 7.
The third dielectric layer 6 is formed on the second dielectric layer 7 and the first annular metamaterial structure 9, the radiation patch 1 and the second annular metamaterial structure 2 are located on the upper surface of the third dielectric layer 6, the second annular metamaterial structure 2 is located on the periphery of the radiation patch 1, and the first annular metamaterial structure 9 and the second annular metamaterial structure 2 are oppositely arranged.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the through hole of the reflecting plate 3 may be a rectangular through hole 4, and the rectangular through hole 4 is located at the center of the reflecting plate 3. The center of orthographic projection of the radiation patch 1 on the reflecting plate 3 coincides with the center of the rectangular through hole 4, the shape of the radiation patch 1 is rectangular, and orthographic projection of the microstrip feeder 5 on the reflecting plate 3 is perpendicular to the central axis of the rectangular through hole 4. Based on this structure, the microstrip feed line 5 is coupled to the radiation patch 1 through the rectangular through hole 4, and since the radiation patch 1 is also rectangular in shape, the radiation patch 1 is fed through the rectangular through hole 4, and the uniformity of the coupling feed of the rectangular through hole 4 to the rectangular radiation patch 1 can be improved. Further, the rectangular groove is positioned at the center of the antenna.
Then, the radiation patch 1 excites and feeds the second annular metamaterial structure 2, and the second annular metamaterial structure 2 excites and feeds the first annular metamaterial structure 9 at the lower layer, so that the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication can obtain extra resonance, the bandwidth of the antenna is increased, and the broadband characteristic of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication is achieved. In addition, the thickness of the metamaterial structure is negligible relative to the wavelength, so that the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication loaded with the metamaterial structure can realize high bandwidth without adding extra section height or adopting a complex antenna structure, and the low section characteristic of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication is ensured.
Furthermore, the invention performs miniaturization design of the metamaterial structure through the laminated metamaterial structure formed by the first annular metamaterial structure 9 and the second annular metamaterial structure 2, and realizes area reduction of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication under the condition of not changing dielectric materials and thickness, thereby realizing miniaturization of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication.
In the embodiment of the invention, the rectangular radiation patch 1 and the laminated metamaterial structure are respectively arranged on the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate as radiators. And the rectangular radiation patch 1 is positioned at the center of a metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication. The laminated metamaterial structure is free from overlapping with the radiation patch 1 in the vertical direction of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication.
Further, the first annular metamaterial structure 9 includes a first annular unit and a second annular unit, the first annular unit is located at the periphery of the second annular unit, and a gap exists between the first annular unit and the second annular unit. The second annular metamaterial structure 2 is located above a gap formed by the first annular unit and the second annular unit. It should be understood that, in the metamaterial antenna for millimeter wave communication provided by the embodiment of the present invention, a gap exists between the second annular metamaterial structure 2 and the first annular unit and the second annular unit, so that an interlayer capacitance is increased between the second annular metamaterial structure 2 and the first annular unit and between the second annular unit, and because a gap exists between the first annular unit and the second annular unit, the gap capacitance is increased between the first annular unit and the second annular unit, and the increased interlayer capacitance and the gap capacitance are both inversely proportional to a resonant frequency, so that a resonant frequency of an annular laminated metamaterial structure formed by the first annular metamaterial structure 9 and the second annular metamaterial structure 2 is lower than a resonant frequency only including one layer of annular metamaterial structure, and therefore, the present invention can achieve miniaturization of the annular laminated metamaterial structure, and further, miniaturization of the metamaterial antenna for millimeter wave communication.
Further, the first annular unit comprises a plurality of first metamaterial patches, the second annular unit comprises a plurality of second metamaterial patches, and the second annular metamaterial structure 2 comprises a plurality of third metamaterial patches;
Each third metamaterial patch is located above a gap formed by the two first metamaterial patches and the two second metamaterial patches.
In practice, each third metamaterial patch and two first metamaterial patches and two second metamaterial patches arranged corresponding to the third metamaterial patch form one metamaterial cycle unit. Based on the principle, each third metamaterial patch and the two first metamaterial patches and the two second metamaterial patches which are correspondingly arranged have interlayer capacitance, and a gap capacitance exists between the first metamaterial patch and the second metamaterial patch, so that the resonance frequency of the metamaterial periodic unit is lower, each metamaterial periodic unit can be miniaturized, and further, the miniaturization of the whole annular laminated metamaterial structure is realized.
In a specific embodiment, the second annular metamaterial structure 2 includes 4 times 4 third metamaterial patches, and two first metamaterial patches are correspondingly disposed below each third metamaterial patch.
In one possible implementation, the first plurality of metamaterial patches are electrically isolated from each other; a plurality of second metamaterial patches electrically isolated from each other; and a plurality of third metamaterial patches.
Further, in order to enable the radiation patch 1 to uniformly excite each metamaterial cycle unit, a first gap is formed between two adjacent first metamaterial patches, a second gap is formed between two adjacent second metamaterial patches, a third gap is formed between two adjacent third metamaterial patches, and a fourth gap is formed between the first metamaterial patches and the second metamaterial patches; the first gap, the second gap, the third gap, and the fourth gap are equal.
In one possible implementation, the width of the first metamaterial patch is the same as the width of the second metamaterial patch; the width of the third metamaterial patch is 2 times that of the first metamaterial patch. Based on this, the projection of each third metamaterial patch onto the first annular metamaterial structure 9 may be located on the respective two first metamaterial patches and the two second metamaterial patches, so that the third metamaterial patch may excite the respective two first metamaterial patches and the two second metamaterial patches to obtain additional resonances.
As a specific embodiment, the center of the second annular metamaterial structure 2 coincides with the center of the radiation patch 1, on the basis of which the radiation patch 1 can be uniformly excited to each part of the second annular metamaterial structure 2; the second annular metamaterial structure 2 is electrically isolated from the radiating patch 1.
Specifically, a rectangular through hole 4 is formed in the center of the reflecting plate 3, the center of orthographic projection of the radiation patch 1 on the reflecting plate 3 coincides with the center of the rectangular through hole 4, orthographic projection of the microstrip feeder 5 on the reflecting plate 3 is perpendicular to the central axis of the rectangular through hole 4, and the microstrip feeder 5 is coupled with the radiation patch 1 through the rectangular through hole 4 for feeding; the radiating patch 1 excites the feed to the first annular metamaterial structure 9 and the second annular metamaterial structure 2.
Based on the structure, the feeding end of the microstrip feeder 5 is opposite to the rectangular through hole 4 and the radiation patch 1, so that the microstrip feeder 5 can be coupled and fed with the radiation patch 1 through the rectangular through hole 4; the radiating patch 1 excites the feed to the first annular metamaterial structure 9 and the second annular metamaterial structure 2.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the microstrip feeder 5 is an open-ended microstrip feeder 5; further, the microstrip feed line 5 may be a 50Ω transmission line with an open terminal. The metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication further comprises a feed port positioned on the lower surface of the first dielectric layer 8, and the tail end of the microstrip feeder 5 is connected with the feed port to feed the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication; in practice, the feeding port is disposed opposite to a rectangular through hole 4 opened in the center of the reflection plate 3 to feed the radiation patch 1 through the rectangular through hole 4.
It should be understood that, in order to ensure high frequency performance of the antenna and reduce loss, the first dielectric layer 8, the second dielectric layer 7 and the third dielectric layer 6 are all high frequency low loss dielectric plates.
Fig. 3 is a reflection phase contrast diagram of the original metamaterial antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention and a stacked metamaterial structure in the metamaterial antenna for millimeter wave communication according to an embodiment of the present invention in the same period. When the widths and the pitches of the upper-layer periodic patches are the same and the period length is 1.7mm, compared with the metamaterial periodic units in the original metamaterial antenna, the reflection phase of the laminated metamaterial structure in the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication provided by the embodiment of the invention obviously moves to lower frequency along with the change curve of the frequency, so that the resonance frequency of the laminated metamaterial structure in the actual annular metamaterial structure with the same periodic unit arrangement is inferred to be lower than that of the original metamaterial structure, and miniaturization of the metamaterial structure can be realized.
Further, the side length of the central rectangular radiation patch 1 of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication is 1.5mm×1.2mm, the total side length of the laminated metamaterial structure is 4mm×4mm, and the distance between two adjacent square patch units is 0.1mm. Compared with the original metamaterial antenna with the total side length of the annular metamaterial structure of 5.6mm multiplied by 5.6mm, the metamaterial antenna area applied to millimeter wave communication provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantage that the size is reduced by 49%.
Fig. 4 is a graph of performance results of a metamaterial antenna and an original metamaterial antenna for millimeter wave communication according to an embodiment of the present invention. The original metamaterial antenna and the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication provided by the embodiment of the invention realize wide impedance bandwidth from 30GHz to 38GHz and relative bandwidth greater than 20% under the condition of the same dielectric material and thickness.
The metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following characteristics:
1. the embodiment of the invention realizes the low profile of the broadband antenna by utilizing the metamaterial antenna load ring-shaped metamaterial structure applied to millimeter wave communication, and the sizes of the metal ground planes of the original metamaterial antenna and the miniaturized metamaterial antenna are 9mm multiplied by 0.5mm, and are about 1 lambda 34GHz multiplied by 0.06 lambda 34GHz (lambda 34GHz is the wavelength of 34GHz in a free space).
2. The embodiment of the invention utilizes the central rectangular radiation patch to excite the annular metamaterial structure and generate additional resonance to increase the bandwidth, is favorable for realizing the broadband characteristic of the antenna, and the working bandwidth of the miniaturized metamaterial antenna based on the broadband characteristic can cover 30-38GHz (more than 20%), covers the 5G frequency band of 34GHz, and can be applied to 5G millimeter wave communication.
3. According to the embodiment of the invention, the metamaterial unit is miniaturized by adopting the laminated metamaterial structure on the basis of the original metamaterial antenna, so that the original metamaterial antenna is miniaturized, and the area reduction of 49% of the antenna is realized under the condition that the dielectric material and the thickness are not changed.
4. The embodiment of the invention uses a symmetrical antenna structure and a coupling feed technology to realize low cross polarization of the antenna, and meanwhile, has no through hole design, simplifies the structure of the antenna, and can realize low cross polarization performance of the antenna.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a metamaterial antenna array applied to millimeter wave communication, which comprises a plurality of metamaterial antennas and a feed network layer, wherein the metamaterial antenna array is applied to millimeter wave communication and is described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect. The feed network layer comprises a plurality of microstrip feed lines, and any two metamaterial antennas applied to millimeter wave communication are connected through the microstrip feed lines. In a metamaterial antenna array applied to millimeter wave communication, a subsurface structure is periodically arranged along an extending direction of a microstrip feeder.
Compared with the prior art, the metamaterial antenna array applied to millimeter wave communication has the same beneficial effects as those of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect, and the description is omitted here.
In the description of the above embodiments, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A metamaterial antenna for use in millimeter wave communications, the metamaterial antenna for use in millimeter wave communications comprising:
the microstrip feed line is positioned on the lower surface of the first dielectric layer and is positioned on the reflecting plate with a through hole in the first dielectric layer;
a second dielectric layer formed on the first dielectric layer and the reflection plate, the first annular metamaterial structure is positioned on the second dielectric layer;
the third dielectric layer is formed on the second dielectric layer and the first annular metamaterial structure, the radiation patch and the second annular metamaterial structure are positioned on the upper surface of the third dielectric layer, the second annular metamaterial structure is positioned on the periphery of the radiation patch, and the first annular metamaterial structure and the second annular metamaterial structure are oppositely arranged;
The first annular metamaterial structure comprises a first annular unit and a second annular unit, the first annular unit is positioned at the periphery of the second annular unit, and a gap exists between the first annular unit and the second annular unit;
the second annular metamaterial structure is located above a gap between the first annular unit and the second annular unit;
The first annular unit comprises a plurality of first metamaterial patches, the second annular unit comprises a plurality of second metamaterial patches, and the second annular metamaterial structure comprises a plurality of third metamaterial patches;
each third metamaterial patch is located above a gap formed by two first metamaterial patches and two second metamaterial patches.
2. The metamaterial antenna for millimeter wave communication according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of first metamaterial patches are electrically isolated from each other; the plurality of second metamaterial patches are electrically isolated from each other; the plurality of third metamaterial patches are electrically isolated from each other.
3. The metamaterial antenna for millimeter wave communication according to claim 1, wherein a first gap is provided between two adjacent first metamaterial patches, a second gap is provided between two adjacent second metamaterial patches, a third gap is provided between two adjacent third metamaterial patches, and a fourth gap is provided between the first metamaterial patch and the adjacent second metamaterial patches;
The first gap, the second gap, the third gap, and the fourth gap are equal.
4. The metamaterial antenna for millimeter wave communication according to claim 1, wherein the width of the first metamaterial patch is the same as the width of the second metamaterial patch;
the width of the third metamaterial patch is 2 times that of the first metamaterial patch.
5. The metamaterial antenna for millimeter wave communication according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a center of the second annular metamaterial structure coincides with a center of the radiating patch;
the second annular metamaterial structure is electrically isolated from the radiating patch.
6. The metamaterial antenna for millimeter wave communication according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a rectangular through hole is formed in the center of the reflecting plate, the center of orthographic projection of the radiation patch on the reflecting plate coincides with the center of the rectangular through hole, orthographic projection of the microstrip feeder on the reflecting plate is perpendicular to the center axis of the rectangular through hole, and the microstrip feeder is coupled to the radiation patch through the rectangular through hole for feeding;
The radiating patch excites feed to the first annular metamaterial structure and the second annular metamaterial structure.
7. The metamaterial antenna for millimeter wave communication according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the microstrip feed line is an open ended microstrip feed line; the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication further comprises a feed port positioned on the lower surface of the first dielectric layer, and the tail end of the microstrip feed line is connected with the feed port to feed the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication;
And/or the first dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer are all high-frequency low-loss dielectric plates.
8. A metamaterial antenna array applied to millimeter wave communication, wherein the metamaterial antenna array applied to millimeter wave communication comprises a plurality of metamaterial antennas applied to millimeter wave communication as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7 and a feed network layer, the feed network layer comprises a plurality of microstrip feed lines, and any two metamaterial antennas applied to millimeter wave communication are connected through the microstrip feed lines.
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| CN109462022A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-03-12 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of super skin antenna in the broadband of coplanar wave guide feedback |
| CN112787099A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-11 | 华进半导体封装先导技术研发中心有限公司 | Patch-driven super-surface antenna applied to 5G millimeter wave communication |
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| CN111224228B (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2022-06-03 | 西安理工大学 | Stepped aperture coupling broadband antenna with double-layer non-uniform super-surface structure |
| KR102323334B1 (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2021-11-05 | 충북대학교 산학협력단 | Metasurface-based single-layer wideband circularly polarized antenna for 5G millimeter-wave system |
| CN113067164A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-02 | 昆山联滔电子有限公司 | Millimeter wave radar antenna and electronic device |
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| CN109462022A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-03-12 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of super skin antenna in the broadband of coplanar wave guide feedback |
| CN112787099A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-11 | 华进半导体封装先导技术研发中心有限公司 | Patch-driven super-surface antenna applied to 5G millimeter wave communication |
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