CN114171826A - Fire extinguishing device for ship-borne lithium battery electric vehicle and application method thereof - Google Patents
Fire extinguishing device for ship-borne lithium battery electric vehicle and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114171826A CN114171826A CN202111530356.2A CN202111530356A CN114171826A CN 114171826 A CN114171826 A CN 114171826A CN 202111530356 A CN202111530356 A CN 202111530356A CN 114171826 A CN114171826 A CN 114171826A
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010000369 Accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010003497 Asphyxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
- A62C3/10—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles in ships
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/005—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material using nozzles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/28—Accessories for delivery devices, e.g. supports
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
- A62C37/38—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fire extinguishing device for a ship-borne lithium battery electric vehicle and an application method thereof, and relates to the technical field of fire safety of the ship-borne lithium battery electric vehicle. The invention directly aims at the power battery pack at the bottom of the lithium battery power automobile, and the reservoir is formed, so that a power battery packaging shell which is cooled by a large amount of water and generates thermal runaway is immersed in a large amount of water, the temperature of the battery is reduced, flames sprayed out of the thermal runaway inside the battery are directly extinguished, the combustion of a lithium battery power battery panel is effectively blocked, the propagation of the thermal runaway between single batteries inside the battery panel is prevented, the rapid spread and expansion of a fire disaster are further prevented, the outstanding effect of immersion fire extinguishment can be achieved, the occurrence of afterburning is effectively prevented, the safety is high, and the invention is suitable for popularization and use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ship-borne lithium battery electric vehicles, in particular to a fire extinguishing device for ship-borne lithium battery electric vehicles and an application method thereof.
Background
With the development of export and transportation of lithium battery electric vehicles in the global scope, sea transportation is still the main mode of automobile transportation at present and in the future, and due to the fact that the sea transportation is different from the traditional fuel oil automobile, the fire fighting of the lithium battery electric vehicles is still an industry difficulty up to now.
At present, a fixed fire extinguishing system used by a ship-carried lithium battery electric automobile is mainly applicable to fixed CO of a conventional fuel automobile2The fire extinguishing system is a gas fire extinguishing system, a fixed pressure water mist fire extinguishing system or a high-power foam fire extinguishing system, and the systems are suitable for extinguishing class A solid surface fire and class B fuel oil fire caused by conventional fuel oil vehicles.
Fixed CO2A gas fire extinguishing system extinguishes fire by a suffocation action by reducing the oxygen content in the cabin.
Fixed pressure water smoke fire extinguishing systems can put out the water smoke of oil fire through spraying from the vehicle top, mainly relies on the evaporation cooling effect of a large amount of less diameter water smoke liquid drops to put out a fire.
The high-power foam fire-extinguishing system can be used for cooling, suffocating and extinguishing fire by generating a large amount of high-power foam to accumulate and submerge the combustion objects and covering the foam layer.
Unlike conventional fuel vehicles, electric vehicles themselves carry a large number of power batteries, which are the core components of electric vehicles. As an energy storage device, the power battery is easy to be stimulated by external environment and should generate thermal runaway due to self manufacturing defects, so that fire is caused. The power battery has fast burning speed and high temperature after fire accident, is easy to cause chain reaction and has the possibility of explosion.
Lithium batteries used in electric vehicles at present are mainly classified into ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries. The lithium battery consists of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, electrolyte and a diaphragm 4, and Li is generated during the charge and discharge process of lithium ions+Ions are inserted and extracted back and forth between the two electrodes, and Li of the positive electrode is charged+Ions and Li in the electrolyte+The ions are gathered to the negative electrode to obtain electrons, and the electrons are reduced into Li embedded in the carbon material of the negative electrode. Li embedded in the cathode carbon material loses electrons during discharging, enters into electrolyte, and Li in the electrolyte+The positive electrode moves, releasing electrons. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a lithium battery; fig. 6 shows the specific structure of various materials inside the lithium iron phosphate battery.
When the temperature of the battery is too high or the charging voltage is too high, the polymer diaphragm, the anode material and the electrolyte in the battery are subjected to decomposition reaction to generate a large amount of heat, and the electrolyte decomposition reaction also generates gas, so that the temperature and the pressure in the battery are increased rapidly, the reaction is further accelerated, more heat and gas products are generated, the battery enters an uncontrollable thermal runaway state, and a combustible gas mixture consisting of electrolyte steam with a low flash point and small molecular gas is sprayed rapidly, so that a fire disaster is caused.
As shown in figure 7, the power battery pack of the automobile is usually positioned at the bottom of the automobile and is completely shielded by the automobile shell, once a fire disaster happens to the power battery pack, the power battery pack belongs to a deep shielding fire, and the fire extinguishing agent of the external fixed fire extinguishing system is difficult to directly act on the battery pack.
The factors causing the combustion explosion of the power battery of the electric automobile mainly comprise:
(1) overcharge, when the charge exceeds a certain limit, the electrolyte is oxidatively decomposed and generates a large amount of heat and gas, resulting in an increase in the internal temperature of the battery, an exothermic reaction, and an increase in the internal pressure.
(2) Short-circuiting, in which the battery discharges with a very large current and the temperature is very high, causes a series of exothermic reactions.
(3) Mechanical failures, crushing, puncturing, vibration, etc. can cause the cell to short circuit, causing an exothermic reaction.
(4) The internal factors of the battery, such as the internal micro short circuit of the battery caused by conductive dust on the surface of the diaphragm, the internal short circuit caused by the precipitation of lithium due to the dislocation of positive and negative pole pieces of a battery roll core, the internal short circuit caused by the penetration of burrs on the edge of the pole piece on the diaphragm, the internal short circuit caused by the non-uniform electrolyte, the internal short circuit caused by the precipitation of lithium due to the impure positive electrode material and the like.
The fire hazard characteristics of the power battery of the electric automobile are as follows:
(1) the fire extinguishing agent is difficult to extinguish because the thermal runaway and the combustion of the power battery occur inside the battery under the barrier action of a vehicle body and a battery pack shell, the fire extinguishing agent is difficult to directly act inside the battery, and cannot directly act on a battery monomer which fires, so that the fire extinguishing is difficult.
(2) The combustion temperature of the power battery is very high, taking a ternary lithium battery as an example, the combustion temperature can reach 880 ℃, and the combustion temperature of fuel gasoline in a conventional automobile is usually about 400 ℃.
(3) The power battery burns rapidly, and in case the battery takes place thermal runaway, will be under thermal effect, electrolyte evaporation, decomposition, pressure rising, break away safe pressure relief device, and electrolyte catches fire afterwards to make adjacent battery also rapid thermal runaway through heat-conduction and combustion action, the burning, it is fast, some batteries only need several seconds.
Different fixed fire extinguishing systems that present boats and ships ship lithium cell electric automobile used to the power battery of lithium cell electric automobile causes the putting out a fire in the rescue, has following not enough:
(1) fixed CO2 gaseous fire extinguishing system can't suffocate the inside from the oxygen supply type burning of lithium cell electric automobile power battery, and does not have the cooling effect, can't prevent the propagation of thermal runaway between different battery cells, even extinguish outside flame, also take place the after combustion easily.
(2) The fixed pressure water mist fire extinguishing system can only spray downwards from the top of an automobile and is blocked by an automobile shell and a battery pack packaging shell, so that the fixed pressure water mist fire extinguishing system cannot directly act on a single battery which is out of control of heat and burns, cannot extinguish a power battery fire, and is easy to re-ignite once the spray is stopped.
(3) High power foam fire extinguishing system though piling up the battery package surface that can reach the car bottom through the foam, but the foam water content is little, and the cooling effect is limited, can't prevent the burning of battery package inside, and what mainly play is the effect of limiting the conflagration and stretching, need constantly supply the foam for a long time, and the after combustion also takes place easily if stopping to spray the foam during until whole car burning finishes. And at present, the ships usually adopt carbon dioxide or pressure water mist fire extinguishing systems, and fixed foam fire extinguishing systems are rarely adopted.
Therefore, the fire extinguishing device for the ship-carried lithium battery electric vehicle and the application method thereof are designed to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a fire extinguishing device for an electric automobile carrying a lithium battery on a ship and an application method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a fire extinguishing device for an electric automobile carrying a lithium battery on a ship comprises a fire extinguishing device and a fire extinguishing control terminal, wherein the fire extinguishing device comprises a steel storage box, supporting devices, fireproof and waterproof cloth, a ship fire detection system, fire hydrants and pressure water mist nozzles;
the two supporting devices comprise a bottom plate, two folding supporting frames, a supporting plate and a driving device, the pressure water mist spray head is connected with a water spray pipe, the other end of the water spray pipe is connected with an electromagnetic control valve, the ship fire detection system comprises a temperature sensor, a camera device and an alarm, and the driving device, the ship fire detection system and the electromagnetic control valve are all in signal connection with the fire extinguishing control terminal.
An application method of a fire extinguishing device for a ship-borne lithium battery electric vehicle comprises the following working steps:
s1, installing a fire extinguishing device on each electric automobile parking space in the vehicle place of the vehicle transportation ship;
s2, in a normal carrying state, the fireproof and waterproof cloth and the supporting device of the fire extinguishing device are contained in a steel containing box similar to an isolation belt around a parking space, the bottom of the fireproof and waterproof cloth is in adhesive sealing connection with the steel containing box, the pressure water mist nozzle is installed above the steel containing box, and meanwhile, the height between the pressure water mist nozzle and the steel containing box is larger than the height of a vehicle;
s3, a temperature and smoke sensor of the ship fire detection system can detect the temperature and the hot smoke on the parking space, and a camera device in the vehicle cabin can monitor the vehicle state on the parking space;
s4, the ship fire detection system, a driving device, the electromagnetic control valve is connected with the fire extinguishing control terminal through signals, when a fire disaster happens to the vehicle on the parking space, the ship fire detection system transmits signals to the fire extinguishing control terminal, the fire extinguishing control terminal controls the alarm to give an alarm prompt, and controls the electromagnetic control valve driving the air cylinder and one end of the pressure water mist nozzle to work, so that the supporting device automatically pops open the fire-proof waterproof cloth to form a reservoir, fire water sprayed out of the pressure water mist nozzle at the top of the vehicle is collected in the fire extinguishing device of the fire-proof waterproof cloth, and a power battery board at the bottom of the lithium battery electric vehicle submerges the power battery board and carries out submergence cooling and fire extinguishing on the power battery board.
Preferably, the driving device comprises a driving cylinder and a driving rod, the two folding support frames are respectively hinged to two sides between the bottom plate and the supporting plate, the two folding support frames on two sides comprise a first support frame and a second support frame, and the middle parts of the first support frame and the second support frame on two sides are hinged to each other.
Preferably, drive actuating cylinder and install top one side at the bottom plate, the first track groove of relative parallel is installed to the top opposite side of bottom plate, top one side of backup pad is provided with the second track groove of relative parallel, the output that drives actuating cylinder is connected with the actuating lever, the other end of actuating lever is connected with first link, first link slidable mounting is on first track groove, slidable mounting has the second link on the second track groove, first link both sides all are connected with first support frame is articulated, the top of first support frame is connected with the bottom one side of backup pad is articulated, the both sides of second link all are connected with second support frame is articulated, the bottom of second support frame is connected with one side of bottom plate is articulated.
Preferably, first link and second link all include the connecting rod in middle part and the pulley of both sides, and two sets of pulleys are installed respectively in the inside in first track groove and second track groove.
Preferably, the fireproof and waterproof cloth is made of a high-silicon cloth material subjected to surface flame retardant treatment.
Preferably, the fire extinguishing control terminal is an electronic control device, and the electronic control device comprises an electronic computer.
Preferably, the signal connection mode in step S4 is one of a wired connection through a wire or a wireless connection through a wireless signal transceiver.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
through the design that the fire extinguishing device comprises a steel storage box, supporting devices, fireproof waterproof cloth, a ship fire detection system, fire hydrants and pressure water mist spray heads, strip-shaped mounting grooves are formed in two sides of the steel storage box, the supporting devices are fixedly mounted in the two mounting grooves, and the fireproof waterproof cloth is of a rectangular folding structure and is arranged on the steel storage box on the inner sides of the two supporting devices, when a power battery pack of an electric automobile is in fire, the temperature of a battery can be reduced by directly aiming at the power battery pack at the bottom of a lithium battery power automobile and forming a reservoir and immersing and cooling a large amount of water on the battery packaging shell in thermal runaway, the flame sprayed out from the thermal runaway in the battery can be directly extinguished, the combustion of a lithium battery power battery panel is effectively blocked, the propagation of the thermal runaway between single batteries in the battery panel is prevented, and the rapid spread and expansion of the fire is further prevented, can reach the outstanding effect of submerging and extinguishing fire, effectively prevent the occurrence of after combustion, the security is strong, and is suitable for being popularized and used.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fire extinguishing apparatus for a ship-borne lithium battery electric vehicle and an application method thereof, which are provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fire extinguishing apparatus for a ship-borne lithium battery electric vehicle and an application method thereof according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a supporting device for a fire extinguishing device of an electric vehicle for shipping lithium batteries and an application method thereof, which are provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of FIG. 3 at A;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a lithium battery according to the background art of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a specific structural diagram of various materials inside a lithium iron phosphate battery according to the background art of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic position diagram of a lithium ion power battery pack of an automobile in the background art according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1 steel receiver, 2 mounting grooves, 3 strutting arrangement, 301 bottom plate, 302 backup pads, 4 fire prevention tarpaulin, 5 pressure water smoke shower nozzle, 6 folding support frames, 601 first support frame, 602 second support frame, 7 drive actuating cylinder, 8 actuating levers, 9 first track grooves, 10 first link.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the fire extinguishing apparatus for shipping lithium battery electric vehicles comprises a fire extinguishing apparatus and a fire extinguishing control terminal, wherein the fire extinguishing apparatus comprises a steel storage box 1, supporting devices 3, fire-proof waterproof cloth 4, a ship fire detection system, fire hydrants and pressure water mist nozzles 5, strip-shaped mounting grooves 2 are formed in two sides of the steel storage box 1, the supporting devices 3 are fixedly mounted in the two mounting grooves 2, and the fire-proof waterproof cloth 4 is arranged on the steel storage box 1 on the inner side of the two supporting devices 3 in a rectangular folding structure;
the two supporting devices comprise a bottom plate 301, two folding supporting frames 6, a supporting plate 302 and a driving device, the pressure water mist spray head 5 is connected with a water spray pipe, the other end of the water spray pipe is connected with an electromagnetic control valve, the ship fire detection system comprises a temperature sensor, a camera device and an alarm, and the driving device, the ship fire detection system and the electromagnetic control valve are all in signal connection with the fire extinguishing control terminal;
in this embodiment, the driving device includes a driving cylinder 7 and a driving rod 8, the two folding support frames 6 are respectively hinged to two sides between the bottom plate 301 and the supporting plate 302, the folding support frames 6 on two sides include a first support frame 601 and a second support frame 602, and the middle parts of the first support frame 601 and the second support frame 602 on two sides are hinged to each other;
the driving cylinder 7 is installed on one side of the top of the bottom plate 301, the first rail groove 9 which is relatively parallel is installed on the other side of the top of the bottom plate 301, the second rail groove which is relatively parallel is arranged on one side of the top of the supporting plate 302, the output end of the driving cylinder 7 is connected with the driving rod 8, the other end of the driving rod 8 is connected with the first connecting frame 10, the first connecting frame 10 is slidably installed on the first rail groove 9, the second connecting frame is slidably installed on the second rail groove, two sides of the first connecting frame 10 are hinged to the first supporting frame 601, the top of the first supporting frame 601 is hinged to one side of the bottom of the supporting plate 302, two sides of the second connecting frame are hinged to the second supporting frame 602, and the bottom of the second supporting frame 602 is hinged to one side of the bottom plate 301;
more specifically, first link 10 all includes the connecting rod 1001 in middle part and the pulley 1002 of both sides with the second link, and two sets of pulleys 1002 are installed respectively in the inside in first track groove 9 and second track groove, and fire prevention waterproof cloth 4 is made for the high silicon cloth material through surface flame retardant treatment, and fire extinguishing control terminal is electronic control equipment, and electronic control equipment includes the electronic computer.
Example one
More specifically, referring to the current battery technology of tesla electric vehicles, the battery of the tesla electric vehicle is composed of 18650 single batteries, a plurality of single batteries are packaged into a single battery pack, a plurality of single battery packs are packaged into a battery pack, and a plurality of battery packs are packaged into a battery panel used by the whole vehicle. Thereby cooling and extinguishing fire for the power battery plate in the prior art.
An application method of a fire extinguishing device for a ship-borne lithium battery electric vehicle comprises the following working steps:
s1, installing a fire extinguishing device on each electric automobile parking space in the vehicle place of the vehicle transportation ship;
s2, in a normal carrying state, the fireproof and waterproof cloth 4 and the supporting device of the fire extinguishing device are contained in a steel containing box 1 similar to an isolation belt around a parking space, the bottom of the fireproof and waterproof cloth 4 is in bonding and sealing connection with the steel containing box 1, the pressure water mist nozzle 5 is installed above the steel containing box 1, and meanwhile, the height between the pressure water mist nozzle 5 and the steel containing box is larger than the height of a vehicle;
s3, a temperature sensor of the ship fire detection system detects the temperature on the parking space, and the camera device comprises a camera arranged above the steel storage box 1 and can monitor the vehicle state on the parking space;
s4, the ship fire detection system, the driving device and the electromagnetic control valve are connected with a fire extinguishing control terminal through signals, when a fire of a vehicle on a parking space is detected, the ship fire detection system transmits signals to the fire extinguishing control terminal, the fire extinguishing control terminal controls the alarm to give an alarm prompt, controls the driving cylinder and the electromagnetic control valve at one end of the pressure water mist nozzle 5 to work, enables the supporting device to automatically flick the fire-proof waterproof cloth 4 to form a reservoir, collects fire-fighting water sprayed out of the pressure water mist nozzle 5 at the top of the vehicle into the fire extinguishing device of the fire-proof waterproof cloth 4, enables the water surface to submerge the installation height of a power battery of a lithium battery power automobile, directly submerges the power battery with thermal runaway in the reservoir, submerges the power battery board at the bottom of the lithium battery electric automobile, and conducts submerging cooling and fire extinguishing on the power battery board; the signal connection mode in step S4 is wireless connection of a wireless signal transceiver. Can cool off the battery package shell that takes place thermal runaway through a large amount of water when the conflagration breaks out the automobile, reduce the temperature of battery, directly put out the inside thermal runaway spun flame of battery, effectively block the burning of lithium cell power battery board and prevent the propagation of thermal runaway between the inside battery cell of panel, and then prevent conflagration after burning and enlarge.
It should be noted that the fire-fighting water collected by the fire extinguishing device can come from the fire-fighting water sprayed by the pressure water mist fire extinguishing system installed on the top of the vehicle after the fire detection alarm system is started, or from the fire-fighting water directly injected by fire fighters on the ship by using fire hydrants.
The invention mainly acts on the power battery panel at the bottom of the lithium battery power automobile directly, cools the battery packaging shell which is out of control due to thermal runaway through a large amount of water, reduces the temperature of the battery, directly extinguishes flame sprayed out due to thermal runaway inside the battery, effectively blocks the combustion of the lithium battery power battery panel and prevents the propagation of thermal runaway between single batteries inside the battery panel, further prevents the re-combustion and expansion of fire, is not easy to re-combust, can achieve the outstanding effect of immersion fire extinguishment, has strong safety and is suitable for popularization and use.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The fire extinguishing device for the electric automobile carrying the lithium batteries on the ship comprises a fire extinguishing device and a fire extinguishing control terminal, and is characterized in that the fire extinguishing device comprises steel storage boxes (1), supporting devices (3), fire-proof waterproof cloth (4), a ship fire detection system, fire hydrants and pressure water mist nozzles (5), strip-shaped mounting grooves (2) are formed in two sides of each steel storage box (1), the supporting devices (3) are fixedly mounted in the two mounting grooves (2), and the fire-proof waterproof cloth (4) is of a rectangular folding structure and is arranged on the steel storage boxes (1) on the inner sides of the two supporting devices (3);
two strutting arrangement includes bottom plate (301), two folding support frames (6), backup pad (302) and drive arrangement, pressure water smoke shower nozzle (5) are connected with the spray pipe, the other end of spray pipe is connected with solenoid electric valve, boats and ships fire detection system includes temperature sensor, camera device and alarm, drive arrangement, boats and ships fire detection system and solenoid electric valve all with fire extinguishing control terminal signal connection.
2. An application method of a fire extinguishing device for a ship-borne lithium battery electric automobile is characterized by comprising the following working steps:
s1, installing a fire extinguishing device on each electric automobile parking space in the vehicle place of the vehicle transportation ship;
s2, in a normal carrying state, the fireproof and waterproof cloth (4) and the supporting device of the fire extinguishing device are stored in a steel storage box (1) similar to an isolation belt around a parking space, the bottom of the fireproof and waterproof cloth (4) is in bonded and sealed connection with the steel storage box (1), the pressure water mist nozzle (5) is installed above the steel storage box (1), and meanwhile, the height between the pressure water mist nozzle (5) and the steel storage box is larger than the height of a vehicle;
s3, a temperature and smoke sensor of the ship fire detection system can detect the temperature and the hot smoke on the parking space, and a camera device in the vehicle cabin can monitor the vehicle state on the parking space;
s4, the boats and ships fire detection system, a driving device, the solenoid electric valve all with put out a fire between the control terminal through signal connection, when detecting that the vehicle on the parking stall is conflicted, boats and ships fire detection system transmission signal gives the control terminal that puts out a fire, the control terminal control alarm that puts out a fire sends the warning suggestion, and control drive actuating cylinder and the solenoid electric valve of pressure water smoke shower nozzle (5) one end and carry out work, make strutting arrangement automatic flick fire prevention water proof cloth, form a cistern, collect vehicle top pressure water smoke shower nozzle (5) spun fire prevention water in the extinguishing device of fire prevention water proof cloth (4), submerge lithium cell electric automobile bottom power battery board, carry out submergence cooling and put out a fire to it.
3. The fire extinguishing device for the ship-borne lithium battery electric vehicle is characterized in that the driving device comprises a driving cylinder (7) and a driving rod (8), two folding support frames (6) are respectively hinged to two sides between a bottom plate (301) and a supporting plate (302), the two folding support frames (6) comprise a first support frame (601) and a second support frame (602), and the two sides are hinged to the middle portions of the first support frame (601) and the second support frame (602).
4. The fire extinguishing device for the ship-borne lithium battery electric vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the driving cylinder (7) is installed at one side of the top of the bottom plate (301), the other side of the top of the bottom plate (301) is provided with a first rail groove (9) which is relatively parallel, one side of the top of the support plate (302) is provided with a second rail groove which is relatively parallel, the output end of the driving cylinder (7) is connected with a driving rod (8), the other end of the driving rod (8) is connected with a first connecting frame (10), the first connecting frame (10) is slidably installed on the first rail groove (9), the second connecting frame is slidably installed on the second rail groove, both sides of the first connecting frame (10) are hinged with the first support frame (601), the top of the first support frame (601) is hinged with one side of the bottom of the support plate (302), the both sides of second link are all connected with second support frame (602) are articulated, the bottom of second support frame (602) is connected with one side of bottom plate (301) is articulated.
5. The fire extinguishing apparatus for the ship-borne lithium battery electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the first connecting frame (10) and the second connecting frame each comprise a connecting rod (1001) at the middle part and pulleys (1002) at two sides, and two groups of pulleys (1002) are respectively installed inside the first track groove (9) and the second track groove.
6. The fire extinguishing device for the ship-borne lithium battery electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fire-proof and waterproof cloth (4) is made of high silicon cloth material with surface flame retardant treatment.
7. The fire extinguishing apparatus for the ship-borne lithium battery electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fire extinguishing control terminal is an electronic control device, and the electronic control device comprises an electronic computer.
8. The fire extinguishing apparatus for the electric vehicle carrying the lithium battery on the ship and the application method thereof as claimed in claim 2, wherein the signal connection mode in the step S4 is one of a wire connection or a wireless signal transceiver wireless connection.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111530356.2A CN114171826A (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | Fire extinguishing device for ship-borne lithium battery electric vehicle and application method thereof |
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| CN202111530356.2A CN114171826A (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | Fire extinguishing device for ship-borne lithium battery electric vehicle and application method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20220311 |