CN114178556A - Synchronous boring method for multi-hole group arm frame structural part - Google Patents
Synchronous boring method for multi-hole group arm frame structural part Download PDFInfo
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- CN114178556A CN114178556A CN202111539224.6A CN202111539224A CN114178556A CN 114178556 A CN114178556 A CN 114178556A CN 202111539224 A CN202111539224 A CN 202111539224A CN 114178556 A CN114178556 A CN 114178556A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000013102 re-test Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B1/00—Methods for turning or working essentially requiring the use of turning-machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/24—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves
- B23Q17/2414—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves for indicating desired positions guiding the positioning of tools or workpieces
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a synchronous boring method of a multi-hole cantilever crane structural member, which comprises the steps of accurately positioning and scribing a hole system required by finish machining of a structural member through a laser tracker and a wireless intelligent measuring head, then performing boring rough machining on the structural member after concentric positioning through boring equipment, performing secondary precision retest and fine adjustment through the laser tracker in the process, and finally completing finish machining of the hole system, so that the large cantilever crane structural member can complete hole system machining through equipment, and the size deviation and the form and position deviation of the machined hole system can meet the drawing requirements. The invention has the advantages of reasonable process, simple operation, high processing precision and quality and the like, and has higher cost advantage compared with a processing method of large-scale special equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of structural part processing, in particular to a synchronous boring method for a porous group arm frame structural part.
Background
The cantilever crane structural members of various cranes such as crawler cranes and the like often have large overall dimensions, and the pin shaft holes of the end connection joints can meet the requirements on machining precision only by large-scale special boring equipment. However, on one hand, such large-scale machining equipment is rare in the market, when the market demand is increased, the production demand is often difficult to meet, and the arm support belongs to the cargo throwing, so that the transportation cost of a structure manufacturing plant and a machining plant is high; on the other hand, large-scale machining equipment has huge investment cost and high working hour cost, and the machining cost is always high.
In recent years, boring equipment is widely applied to online repair of bearing holes and the like of large mechanical structural parts or reduction boxes, but the equipment mainly aims at processing or repairing of single-group holes, can ensure the concentricity of the single-group holes, and most of the single-group holes needing to be newly processed have low requirements on the axis positioning precision of the hole group. When the same structural member has a plurality of groups of hole systems formed by holes and the hole groups have dimensional deviation and form and position tolerance requirements, the existing boring equipment cannot accurately measure and position the hole groups, so that the boring equipment is still very difficult to apply to the processing of the hole systems of large structural members.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defect that the boring equipment in the prior art cannot perform accurate measurement and positioning between hole groups in the processing of large-scale arm support structural members, so that a synchronous boring method for a multi-hole group arm support structural member is provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a synchronous boring method for a multi-hole group arm frame structural part comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing a cantilever crane structural part blank to be punched on a rigid platform;
s2, installing a laser tracker on one side of the cantilever crane structural part blank, enabling all joints on the laser tracker and the cantilever crane structural part blank to be free of obstacles, and connecting the laser tracker with a control computer;
s3, installing an intelligent wireless measuring head on the cantilever crane structural part blank, wherein the intelligent wireless measuring head is in communication connection with a control computer; the intelligent wireless measuring head is matched with the laser tracker, and the circle center and the reference circle of the hole to be machined are positioned and drawn on all joints of the cantilever crane structural member blank according to the size of the design drawing by taking the self coordinate system of the laser tracker as the reference;
s4, re-measuring the circle centers and the reference circle sizes of all holes by using a laser tracker and an intelligent wireless measuring head, and judging whether the distance deviation of two groups of hole axes at the same end of the cantilever crane structural member blank and the verticality and parallelism deviation of all hole axes in a hole system relative to a reference line meet the size requirement of a design drawing;
s5, if the judgment result is yes, positioning and installing boring equipment on a joint of the cantilever crane structural part blank, and ensuring that the concentricity deviation of the boring rod and the reference circle is less than 0.05 mm;
s6, sequentially boring all hole groups on the cantilever crane structural part blank;
and S7, after boring is finished, removing boring equipment, and inspecting the aperture and the spatial position of all holes.
Further, in the step S1, four corners of the blank of the boom structural member to be punched are pressed and fixed with a rigid platform by using a fixture.
Further, in the step of S3, the step of positioning and marking the circle center and the reference circle of the hole to be processed on all joints of the blank of the arm frame structural member includes: mounting steel strips in blank holes of all joints at two ends of a cantilever crane structural part blank, firmly performing spot welding, measuring the center of a positioning hole by adopting a wireless intelligent measuring head and a laser tracker, and performing sample punching marking on the steel strips; and drawing a hole circle to be processed according to the radius of a design drawing by using a steel gauge with the center of the hole as the center of a circle, and adjusting all holes to have enough processing allowance.
Further, in the step of S3, the uncertainty in measurement between the wireless intelligent probe and the laser tracker is less than or equal to 40 μm +5 μm/m.
Further, in the step of S4, the distance deviation between the distance between the axes of the two groups of holes at the same end of the blank of the structural member of the arm support and the distance between the axes of the design drawing is less than 0.1mm, and the deviation of the perpendicularity and the parallelism of the axes of all the holes on the blank of the structural member of the arm support relative to the reference line is less than 0.3 mm.
Further, in the step of S5, the boring device installation includes the steps of: welding a linear support on the blank of the structural member of the arm support, penetrating a boring bar through a bearing on the linear support, and then installing a main shaft box body and a feeding box body; and (5) taking the reference circle drawn in the step (S3) as a reference, and enabling the boring bar to be concentric with the reference circle by adjusting a central adjusting nut on the linear support.
Further, in the step S5, after positioning and installing the boring device on the joint of the boom structure blank, the method further includes: and (4) positioning and measuring all the positioned boring bars at the joint positions by adopting a laser tracker and a wireless intelligent measuring head, and detecting whether the positioning size, the perpendicularity and the parallelism of all the boring bars meet the deviation requirement in the step S4.
Further, in the step of S6, sequentially boring all hole groups on the blank of the arm support structure member includes the following steps: carrying out rough boring processing on holes of all the joints in sequence, and carrying out positioning retesting on the rough processed holes by using a laser tracker; if the distance deviation of the axes of the two groups of holes at the same end of the blank of the structural part of the arm support is more than 0.1mm, or the deviation of the verticality and the parallelism of the axes of all the holes in the hole system relative to the reference line is more than 0.3mm, adjusting the central position of the boring rod again according to the step in the S5; and if the distance deviation of the two groups of hole axes at the same end of the cantilever crane structural part blank is less than 0.1mm, and the deviation of the verticality and the parallelism of all the hole axes in the hole system relative to the reference line is less than 0.3mm, finishing the subsequent finish boring processing.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages: the synchronous boring method for the porous group arm frame structural part provided by the invention adopts high-precision laser tracker measuring equipment, realizes portable processing of a large-scale arm frame structural part hole system by controlling the precision of steps such as marking, positioning, rough processing and the like in the whole process and adopting timely deviation rectification measures, and the hole diameter deviation, the distance deviation and the form and position deviation of all hole groups can meet the requirements of drawings. Because a plurality of sets of boring equipment are adopted for positioning and machining simultaneously, the machining efficiency is improved while the precision is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for simultaneous boring of a multi-hole group arm support structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a mounting boring device in a synchronous boring method for a multi-hole group arm support structure provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of process measurement control in a method for simultaneous boring of a multi-hole group arm support structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a final inspection in the method for synchronously boring the multi-hole group arm support structure according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a cantilever crane structural part blank; 2. a laser tracker; 3. a control computer; 4. an intelligent wireless probe; 5. steel plate strips; 6. a reference circle; 7. boring equipment; 7.1, supporting in a straight line; 7.2, boring bar; 7.3, a bearing; 7.4, a main spindle box body; 7.5, feeding the box body; 7.6, a central adjusting nut; 8. and (6) machining the finished hole.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the method for synchronously boring the multi-hole group arm frame structural member is used for synchronously boring a plurality of groups of holes on the oversized arm frame structural member, and specifically comprises the following steps:
and S1, placing the arm support structural part blank 1 to be punched on a rigid platform, and fixing the arm support structural part blank 1 and the rigid platform by adopting a clamp so as to ensure the processing stability of subsequent boring. The rigid platform is preferably provided with a T-shaped bolt groove, and at least four corners of the arm frame structural member blank 1 are pressed and fixed.
And step S2, installing the laser tracker 2 on one side of the boom structure component blank 1, connecting the laser tracker 2 with the control computer 3, and enabling all joints needing to be measured on the laser tracker 2 and the boom structure component blank 1 to be free of obstacles. All joints and the laser tracker 2 which need to be measured on the cantilever crane structural part blank 1 are light-transmitting, and all holes can be accurately measured by using the laser tracker 2 after the processing is finished.
Step S3, using a wireless intelligent measuring head 4 with a measuring needle to be matched with the laser tracker 2, and measuring, positioning and marking the circle centers and reference circles 6 of the holes required to be processed of all joints of the cantilever structure component blank 1 according to the size of a design drawing under the self coordinate system of the laser tracker 2;
step S4, re-measuring the size and the location of each hole reference circle 6 by using the laser tracker 2 and the wireless intelligent measuring head 4, and controlling the distance deviation of two groups of hole axes at the same end of the cantilever crane structural member blank 1 to be less than 0.1mm, and the deviation of the perpendicularity and the parallelism of all the hole axes in a hole system relative to the reference line to be less than 0.3 mm;
step S5, after the positioning retest of the reference circle 6 is qualified, positioning and installing the boring equipment 7, and controlling the concentricity deviation of the boring rod 7.2 and the reference circle 6 to be less than 0.05 mm;
step S6, boring each group of holes in the structural member hole system in sequence;
and step S7, after the machining is finished, removing the boring equipment 7, measuring the aperture by using a micrometer, and finally checking the space positioning size of the machined hole 8 by using the laser tracker 4.
In step S3, the hole and hole center positioning includes the steps of: mounting steel plate strips 5 in blank holes of all joints at two ends of a cantilever crane structural part blank 1, and fixing by spot welding; measuring the center of the positioning hole by using the wireless intelligent measuring head 4 and the laser tracker 2, and carrying out sample punching marking on the steel plate strip, wherein the uncertainty of measurement of the wireless intelligent measuring head 4 and the laser tracker 2 is less than or equal to 40 mu m +5 mu m/m; a reference circle 6 to be processed is drawn by using a steel gauge with the center of the hole as the center of the circle according to the radius of a drawing, and all holes are adjusted to have enough processing allowance which is generally not less than 2 mm.
In step S5, the installation of the boring apparatus includes the steps of: respectively welding two linear supports 7.1 on two joints of the same group of holes on the cantilever crane structural member blank 1, penetrating a boring bar 7.2 through a bearing 7.3 on the linear support 7.1, extending out of the outer sides of the two joints of the same group of holes by 0.5-1 m, and then installing a main shaft box body 7.4, a feeding box body 7.5 and the like. By taking the reference circle 6 marked in the step S3 as a reference, the boring bar 7.2 is concentric with the reference circle 6 by adjusting the central adjusting nut 7.6 on the linear support 7.1, and the concentricity deviation is less than 0.05 mm; after the adjustment is completed, the laser tracker 2 and the wireless intelligent measuring head 4 are used for positioning and measuring all the positioned boring bars 7.2 near the joint, and the positioning size, the perpendicularity, the parallelism and the like of all the boring bars 7.2 are ensured to meet the deviation requirement in the step S4 through detection.
In step S6, the boring process includes the steps of: and (2) carrying out rough boring processing on each group of holes in sequence, carrying out rough boring to finish 50% of processing allowance, before finely boring the holes, carrying out positioning retest on the roughly processed holes by using a laser tracker 2, without dismounting the boring equipment 7 during retest, measuring the data of the inner walls of the holes in the processing process by using a lengthened measuring needle of a wireless intelligent measuring head 4, analyzing by using a control computer 3, and further finely adjusting the center positioning of the boring rod 7.2 according to the method in the step S5 if the distance deviation of two groups of hole axes at the same end of the cantilever crane structural member blank 1 is more than 0.1mm or the deviation of the verticality and the parallelism of all hole axes in a hole system relative to a reference line is more than 0.3mm, and then finishing the subsequent fine processing.
By adopting the synchronous boring method of the multi-hole group arm frame structural member, the high-precision laser tracker measuring equipment is applied, the portable processing of the hole system of the large-scale arm frame structural member is realized by controlling the precision of marking, positioning, rough processing and the like in the whole process and adopting timely deviation rectifying measures, and the hole diameter deviation, the distance deviation and the form and position deviation of all hole groups can meet the requirements of drawings. Because a plurality of sets of boring equipment 7 are adopted for simultaneous positioning and simultaneous processing, the precision is ensured, and the processing efficiency is improved.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A synchronous boring method for a porous group arm frame structural part is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, fixing a cantilever crane structural part blank to be punched on a rigid platform;
s2, installing a laser tracker on one side of the cantilever crane structural part blank, enabling all joints on the laser tracker and the cantilever crane structural part blank to be free of obstacles, and connecting the laser tracker with a control computer;
s3, installing an intelligent wireless measuring head on the cantilever crane structural part blank, wherein the intelligent wireless measuring head is in communication connection with a control computer; the intelligent wireless measuring head is matched with the laser tracker, and the circle center and the reference circle of the hole to be machined are positioned and drawn on all joints of the cantilever crane structural member blank according to the size of the design drawing by taking the self coordinate system of the laser tracker as the reference;
s4, re-measuring the circle centers and the reference circle sizes of all holes by using a laser tracker and an intelligent wireless measuring head, and judging whether the distance deviation of two groups of hole axes at the same end of the cantilever crane structural member blank and the verticality and parallelism deviation of all hole axes in a hole system relative to a reference line meet the size requirement of a design drawing;
s5, if the judgment result is yes, positioning and installing boring equipment on a joint of the cantilever crane structural part blank, and ensuring that the concentricity deviation of the boring rod and the reference circle is less than 0.05 mm;
s6, sequentially boring all hole groups on the cantilever crane structural part blank;
and S7, after boring is finished, removing boring equipment, and inspecting the aperture and the spatial position of all holes.
2. The method for synchronously boring the multi-hole group arm frame structural part according to claim 1, wherein in the step of S1, four corners of the blank of the arm frame structural part to be punched are pressed and fixed with a rigid platform by using a clamp.
3. The method for synchronously boring the multi-hole group arm frame structural part according to claim 1, wherein in the step of S3, the step of positioning and marking the circle center and the reference circle of the required processing hole on all joints of the arm frame structural part blank comprises the following steps: mounting steel strips in blank holes of all joints at two ends of a cantilever crane structural part blank, firmly performing spot welding, measuring the center of a positioning hole by adopting a wireless intelligent measuring head and a laser tracker, and performing sample punching marking on the steel strips; and drawing a hole circle to be processed according to the radius of a design drawing by using a steel gauge with the center of the hole as the center of a circle, and adjusting all holes to have enough processing allowance.
4. The synchronous boring method for the multi-hole group arm frame structure part according to the claim 3, characterized in that in the step of S3, the uncertainty of measurement of the wireless intelligent measuring head and the laser tracker is less than or equal to 40 μm +5 μm/m.
5. The method for synchronously boring the multi-hole group arm frame structural part according to claim 1, wherein in the step of S4, the distance deviation between the distance between the axes of the two groups of holes at the same end of the arm frame structural part blank and the distance between the axes of the design drawing is less than 0.1mm, and whether the deviation between the perpendicularity and the parallelism of the axes of all the holes on the arm frame structural part blank relative to the reference line is less than 0.3 mm.
6. The synchronous boring method of the multi-hole group arm frame structure part according to claim 1, wherein in the step of S5, boring equipment installation comprises the following steps: welding a linear support on the blank of the structural member of the arm support, penetrating a boring bar through a bearing on the linear support, and then installing a main shaft box body and a feeding box body; and (5) taking the reference circle drawn in the step (S3) as a reference, and enabling the boring bar to be concentric with the reference circle by adjusting a central adjusting nut on the linear support.
7. The method for synchronously boring the multi-hole group arm frame structural part according to claim 6, wherein in the step of S5, after positioning and installing the boring device on the joint of the arm frame structural part blank, the method further comprises: and (4) positioning and measuring all the positioned boring bars at the joint positions by adopting a laser tracker and a wireless intelligent measuring head, and detecting whether the positioning size, the perpendicularity and the parallelism of all the boring bars meet the deviation requirement in the step S4.
8. The method for synchronously boring the multi-hole group arm frame structural part according to claim 1, wherein in the step of S6, the step of sequentially boring all hole groups on the arm frame structural part blank comprises the following steps: carrying out rough boring processing on holes of all the joints in sequence, and carrying out positioning retesting on the rough processed holes by using a laser tracker; if the distance deviation of the axes of the two groups of holes at the same end of the blank of the structural part of the arm support is more than 0.1mm, or the deviation of the verticality and the parallelism of the axes of all the holes in the hole system relative to the reference line is more than 0.3mm, adjusting the central position of the boring rod again according to the step in the S5; and if the distance deviation of the two groups of hole axes at the same end of the cantilever crane structural part blank is less than 0.1mm, and the deviation of the verticality and the parallelism of all the hole axes in the hole system relative to the reference line is less than 0.3mm, finishing the subsequent finish boring processing.
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| CN202111539224.6A CN114178556B (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | Synchronous boring method for multi-hole arm support structural member |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115401233A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-11-29 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Boring machining reference establishing method for welding assembly |
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| CN112605437A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-06 | 中船桂江造船有限公司 | Method for quickly determining center circle of shaft system boring hole |
| CN112775625A (en) * | 2020-12-26 | 2021-05-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | On-site machining process and machining device for large flange |
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2021
- 2021-12-15 CN CN202111539224.6A patent/CN114178556B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4378989A (en) * | 1981-10-09 | 1983-04-05 | The Perkin-Elmer Corporation | Apparatus for laser assisted machining of glass materials |
| CN1789907A (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2006-06-21 | 渤海船舶重工有限责任公司 | Inside diameter measurement system for big-size shaft hole |
| CN101628371A (en) * | 2009-07-31 | 2010-01-20 | 天津重钢机械装备股份有限公司 | Method for processing large workpiece boring hole by using drilling machine |
| CN202137642U (en) * | 2011-05-06 | 2012-02-08 | 海克斯康测量技术(青岛)有限公司 | Automatic measuring system with tracker and CNC (computer numerical control) machine tool for industrial field |
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| CN112605437A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-06 | 中船桂江造船有限公司 | Method for quickly determining center circle of shaft system boring hole |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115401233A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-11-29 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Boring machining reference establishing method for welding assembly |
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| CN114178556B (en) | 2023-05-05 |
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