CN114151502B - Separation buffer device with self-locking function and low impact - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of rocket separation, and discloses a separation buffer device with a self-locking function and low impact, which comprises: the buffer box is internally provided with a cavity, and one surface of the buffer box is provided with a guide hole; one end of the connecting nut extends out of the buffer box to be connected with the explosion bolt, and the other end part of the connecting nut extends into the guide hole; the impact limiting assembly comprises a plurality of clamping plates, each clamping plate extends outwards from the edge of the guide hole to the buffer box, and the extending ends of the clamping plates incline to the axis of the guide hole; when the explosion bolt explodes, the connecting nut partially extends out of the guide hole and is in interference fit with the whole body formed by all clamping plates. The application has the following advantages and effects: the claw-like cage structure formed by the clamping plates, after the explosion of the explosion bolt, the connecting nut is impacted to be punched out of the guide hole of the buffer box, and the connecting nut is impacted into the cage structure formed by the clamping plates, so that the clamping plates and the connecting nut are in interference fit, and finally the connecting nut is clamped, and the connecting nut is prevented from falling back.

Description

Separation buffer device with self-locking function and low impact

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of rocket separation, in particular to a separation buffer device with a self-locking function and low impact.

Background

At present, the conventional rocket separating surface uses point type connection, namely, the connection and separation of all the subsets of the rocket are realized by using explosion bolts, and the number of the explosion bolts is required to be increased if the connection strength and the rigidity of the separating surface are ensured due to the large radial size of the separating surface, and the impact on the separating surface is also increased along with the increase of the explosion bolts.

The shock wave generated by the work of the separation bolt during point connection is transmitted to the separation body through the separation surface and the separation bolt head, huge local pressure is generated at the installation structure, the shock wave propagates on the structure of the separation body in a high-magnitude and high-frequency response stress wave form, and the shock wave transmission distance is short due to the fact that the impact load of the initiating explosive device explosion is large, the connection links are few, and the impact environment of the separation body or satellite platform equipment is quite bad.

In the prior art, the buffering is realized mainly through the sponge rubber pad and the metal vibration damping pad, the buffering effect is not obvious, the nut connected with the explosion bolt and the screw rod of the explosion bolt are easy to fly in the whole separation structure, complex and changeable impact is formed, and other rocket structures are easy to damage.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the application aims to provide a separation buffer device with a self-locking function and low impact so as to solve the problems in the related art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, on one hand, the technical scheme adopted is as follows:

the application provides a separation buffer device with self-locking function and low impact, which comprises:

the buffer box is internally provided with a cavity, and one surface of the buffer box is provided with a guide hole;

one end of the connecting nut extends out of the buffer box to be connected with the explosion bolt, a flange ring for preventing the connecting nut from falling off is sleeved on the outer wall adjacent to the end, the other end part of the connecting nut extends into the guide hole, and the flange ring is abutted against the inner wall, opposite to the guide hole, of the buffer box;

the impact limiting assembly comprises a plurality of clamping plates, each clamping plate extends outwards from the edge of the guide hole to the buffer box, and the extending ends of the clamping plates incline to the axis of the guide hole;

when the explosion bolt explodes, the connecting nut partially extends out of the guide hole and is in interference fit with the whole body formed by all clamping plates.

Preferably, the method further comprises:

the deformation buffer piece is arranged in the inner cavity of the buffer box, one end of the deformation buffer piece is abutted to the flange ring, and the other end of the deformation buffer piece is abutted to the inner wall surface of the buffer box, which is provided with the guide hole.

Preferably, the deformation buffer assembly is in a ring-shaped ladder shape and is reduced step by step, wherein the largest first step is abutted against the inner wall surface of the buffer box, which is provided with the guide hole, and the smallest first step is abutted against the flange ring.

Preferably, the outer wall of the connecting nut protrudes outwards to form a plurality of ratchet rings, and the ratchet rings are distributed along the axial direction of the connecting nut;

the impact limiting assembly further comprises:

and the position locking piece is arranged at the edge of the guide hole and is abutted with the ratchet ring after the connecting nut part extends out of the guide hole.

Preferably, the position locking piece is a stop ring, and the inner diameter of the stop ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the connecting nut;

after the connecting nut part extends out of the guide hole, the inner ring of the retaining ring deforms towards the extending direction of the connecting nut, and the deformed part of the retaining ring is abutted against the ratchet ring.

Preferably, the position locking piece is a claw;

after the connecting nut part extends out of the guide hole, the claw is abutted against the ratchet ring.

Preferably, the buffer box is divided into:

the bottom of the top box is open, the guide hole is arranged on one side of the top box opposite to the opening, and the side of the opening extends outwards to form a mounting plate;

the bottom cover is covered at the opening of the top box, and the end part of the connecting nut extends out of the bottom cover;

the mounting plate is fixedly connected with the bottom cover through a limit bolt, and the limit bolt is also used for connecting the separation buffer device and the separation surface.

Preferably, the method further comprises:

the explosion buffer device comprises a buffer cushion, wherein the buffer cushion is arranged between a mounting plate and a bottom cover, and the mounting plate, the buffer cushion and the bottom cover are fixedly connected through limit bolts.

Preferably, the explosion buffer apparatus further comprises:

the elastic ring pad is arranged outside the rod part of the limit bolt and is positioned between the head part of the limit bolt and the mounting plate.

Preferably, the method further comprises:

the elastic pads are arranged on one surface of the buffer box, which is close to the guide hole, and are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the guide hole;

the flat pad is arranged on the top surface of the elastic pad;

the fixing bolts are arranged in pairs and symmetrically arranged along the guide holes, the flat pads, the elastic pads and the buffer box are connected, and the fixing bolts keep the heights of all the fixing bolts consistent through the flat pads.

The technical scheme provided by the application has the beneficial effects that:

according to the separation buffer device with the self-locking function and low impact, the claw-like cage structure is formed by the clamping plates, after the explosion bolt explodes, the connecting nut is impacted from the guide hole of the buffer box and is impacted into the cage structure formed by the clamping plates, so that the clamping plates slightly deform, meanwhile, the clamping plates are in interference fit with the connecting nut, and finally, the connecting nut is clamped by the integral structure formed by the clamping plates, so that the connecting nut is prevented from falling back. Meanwhile, the clamping plate also has a limiting function, so that deviation of the extending direction of the connecting nut is prevented, and damage caused by the fact that the connecting nut impacts other adjacent rocket structures is avoided.

Meanwhile, in some further improvements, the conical cylinder side wall of the connecting nut is provided with a serrated ratchet ring, the longitudinal section of the ratchet ring is similar to a ratchet wheel, and the connecting nut can be clamped after the connecting nut stretches out by matching with the position locking component, so that the falling-back of the connecting nut is prevented, and the self-locking effect is improved.

In some improvements, as the deformation buffer piece is arranged, impact can be effectively absorbed, on one hand, the internal energy is converted into deformation energy, direct impact is reduced, and meanwhile, impact vibration is reduced by the deformation buffer piece after fracture deformation, so that damage to other devices of a rocket is reduced.

In further improvement, the deformation buffer part is arranged in a stepped shape, the deformation area can be controlled through the wall thickness strength change, the crushing shape is accurately controlled, the internal energy is effectively converted into deformation energy, meanwhile, the impact propagation is controlled, and the purpose of reducing impact damage is achieved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the embodiment shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the embodiment of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the embodiment of fig. 1 prior to explosion.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the embodiment of fig. 1 after explosion.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged schematic view at a in fig. 5.

Reference numerals:

1. a buffer box; 11. a guide hole; 12. a top box; 121. a mounting plate; 13. a bottom cover; 2. a coupling nut; 21. a flange ring; 22. a ratchet ring; 3. an impact limit assembly; 31. a clamping plate; 32. a position locking member; 4. a deformation buffer member; 5. an explosion buffer device; 51. a cushion pad; 52. an elastic ring pad; 6. a limit bolt; 7. an elastic pad; 8. a flat pad; 9. and (5) fixing bolts.

Detailed Description

The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present application described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.

The application provides an embodiment of a low-impact separation buffer device with a self-locking function, which comprises a buffer box 1, a connecting nut 2 and an impact limiting assembly 3.

The buffer box 1 is a box-shaped structure, a cavity is arranged in the buffer box, a guide hole 11 is formed in one surface of the buffer box, and in this embodiment and other embodiments, the direction of the center of the buffer box 1 towards the guide hole 11 is the upper direction for convenience of description.

The coupling nut 2 is mainly used for coupling an explosion bolt, one end portion of the coupling nut 2 facing downward extends out of the buffer box 1 for coupling with the explosion bolt, and a flange ring 21 for preventing the coupling nut 2 from being separated is provided, and one end portion of the coupling nut 2 facing upward extends into the guide hole 11.

The impact limiting assembly 3 includes a plurality of clips 31, each clip 31 extends upward from the edge of the guide hole 11, and the upper end of the clip 31 is inclined toward the axis of the guide hole 11.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the buffer box 1 is a cylindrical box body in this embodiment, the guide hole 11 is disposed at the center of the upper surface of the buffer box 1, and the coupling nut 2 is coaxial with the buffer box 1 correspondingly.

When the explosion bolt explodes, the connecting nut 2 flies upwards after receiving impact, and because the connecting nut 2 part stretches into the guide hole 11 and is limited by the guide hole 11, the flying direction of the connecting nut 2 can not deflect at the beginning, when the connecting nut 2 part stretches out of the guide hole 11, a plurality of clamping plates 31 forming a folded claw shape can be encountered, the upper ends of the clamping plates 31 are folded towards the axis of the guide hole 11 because the upper ends of the clamping plates 31 are smaller than the outer diameter of the connecting nut 2, the clamping plates 31 need to be deformed firstly under the impact action of the connecting nut 2, and the impact energy of the connecting nut 2 is changed into the deformation energy of the clamping plates 31, so that the impact energy of the connecting nut 2 is reduced. Meanwhile, after the connecting nut 2 punches out the clamping plate 31, the clamping plate 31 and the side wall of the connecting nut 2 form interference fit, so that the connecting nut 2 is clamped by the whole body formed by all the clamping plates 31, and the connecting nut 2 is prevented from falling.

In order to further reduce the impact caused by the coupling nut 2, in some preferred embodiments, a deformation buffer 4 is further provided, one end of the deformation buffer 4 abuts against the flange ring 21, and the other end abuts against the inner wall surface of the buffer box 1 provided with the guide hole 11. In particular, the deformation buffer 4 is generally made of a fragile or deformable material, and is used for converting kinetic energy of impact into deformation energy, so as to buffer part of the impact. In some embodiments, elastic structures are provided between the deformation buffer member 4 and the buffer case 1 to avoid the spike caused by deformation and the impact accompanying the spike from puncturing the buffer case 1.

Specifically, one preferred structure is shown in fig. 2, and is in an inverted annular stepped shape, and is sleeved outside the connecting nut 2, wherein the largest first step is upwards, and is abutted against the inner wall of the buffer box 1, the smallest first step is downwards, and is abutted against the flange ring 21, and when the explosion bolt is detonated, the connecting nut 2 flies upwards after receiving impact, so that the flange ring 21 is driven to compress the deformation buffer piece 4. In the implementation process, the wall thickness distribution of each step of the deformation buffer member 4 can be controlled, so that the deformed shape of the deformation buffer member 4 is controlled, and the practical implementation buffer effect is matched with the expected effect as much as possible. Meanwhile, the guide hole is arranged in an inverted annular step shape, so that the material of the deformation buffer member 4 does not exist near the guide hole 11, and the deformation buffer member 4 is prevented from being blocked by the guide hole 11 after being compressed.

In order to further improve the success rate of self-locking, in still other preferred embodiments, the outer wall of one end of the connecting nut 2 near the guiding hole 11 protrudes outwards to form a ratchet ring 22, and a plurality of ratchet rings 22 are arranged along the axis direction of the connecting nut 2.

And the impact limit assembly 3 further comprises:

and a position locking piece 32 provided at the edge of the guide hole 11, the position locking piece 32 abutting against the ratchet ring 22 after the coupling nut 2 partially protrudes out of the guide hole 11.

Specifically, the ratchet ring 22 has an effect similar to a ratchet, the cross section of which can be seen in fig. 6, the upward side is in a circular arc shape, and the downward side is in a plane, so when the coupling nut 2 is pushed up, the ratchet ring 22 is very easy to push over the position locking member 32 due to the huge impact force of the coupling nut 2, and when the coupling nut 2 is dropped after the impact, the plane on the lower side of the ratchet ring 22 can abut against the position locking member 32, so that the coupling nut 2 cannot fall back, and the action is similar to a ratchet pawl.

On the other hand, after the ratchet ring 22 is arranged, the upper surface of the ratchet ring 22 is arc-shaped, so that the connecting nut 2 cannot be influenced to penetrate out of the clamping plate 31, and after the impact is finished, the clamping plate 31 can be clamped on the plane of the lower side of the ratchet ring 22, and the self-locking success rate of the clamping plate 31 is improved.

In one embodiment, the retaining ring is located at the locking piece 32, the inner diameter of the retaining ring is smaller than that of the connecting nut, and the inner circle of the retaining ring extends upwards, so when the connecting nut 2 is punched out from the guide hole 11, firstly the upper cambered surface of the ratchet ring 22 is attached to the inner circle of the retaining ring, because the upper cambered surface of the ratchet ring 22 is arc-shaped, the extension of the connecting nut is not affected, the impact size of the connecting nut 2 is reduced, and secondly the inner circle of the retaining ring is tilted upwards, and the effect of abutting against the plane of the ratchet ring 22 is just achieved. In view of the flexibility and strength required for the retaining ring, copper is generally used for the retaining ring, and other materials with similar properties can be used.

In another embodiment, the positioning locking member 32 is a claw, and the interaction between the claw and the ratchet ring 22 is similar to a ratchet pawl, and the claw contacts the smooth upper side surface of the ratchet ring 22 when the connecting nut 2 is punched out, so that the movement of the connecting nut 2 is not affected, and the plane at the bottom of the ratchet ring 22 is blocked when the connecting nut 2 falls down, so that the connecting nut 2 cannot fall back.

The buffer box 1 has a plurality of structures, considering the factors of considering both strength and convenience in installation, in a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the buffer box 1 comprises a top box 12 and a bottom cover 13, the bottom of the top box 12 is open, the bottom cover 13 covers the opening of the top box 12, two ends of the opening of the top cover outwards extend to form a mounting plate 121, the bottom cover 13 and the mounting plate 121 are connected through a limit bolt 6, the bottom cover 13 can be detached for installation when the assembly is performed, and the buffer box is fastened through the limit bolt 6 after the assembly is completed.

The above-mentioned limit bolts 6 can connect the bottom cover 13 and the mounting plate 121 on the one hand, and can also help to mount the separation buffer device on the mounting surface to be separated on the other hand.

When the explosion bolt explodes, part of the impact force may cause the impact of the bottom cover 13 to be transmitted to other structures of the rocket through the buffer box 1, and thus, in some embodiments, the explosion buffer device 5 is provided, and the explosion buffer device 5 includes the buffer pad 51. Specifically, the cushion pad 51 is a rectangular ring, the shape of which is similar to the cross-section of the cushion box 1, and is generally a sponge cushion, and in some embodiments, other materials with similar elasticity are used for waterproofing, fire prevention or other requirements, so that after the explosion bolt is detonated, the impact can be absorbed by the cushion pad 51, and the impact on other rocket structures at the top of the cushion box 1 is low.

In some embodiments, the blast buffering device 5 further comprises an elastic ring pad 52, wherein the elastic ring pad 52 is arranged outside the shaft portion of the limit screw and between the head portion of the limit screw and the mounting plate 121. Specifically, the elastic ring pad 52 is generally made of rubber or other material capable of bearing certain deformation, the limit bolt 6 is used for being connected with the separation surface, the compression amount of the elastic ring pad 52 is controlled through thread limit, the buffer box 1 and the separation surface are ensured to be in a proper compression state, and the energy transferred to the buffer box 1 by the impact of the explosion bolt is further reduced

In still other embodiments, the device further comprises an elastic pad 7, a flat pad 8 and a fixing bolt 9. The elastic pad 7 is arranged at the top of the buffer box 1, the flat pad 8 is arranged at the top of the elastic pad 7, the flat pad 8 and the fixing bolt 9 are connected, and meanwhile, the heights of the fixing bolts 9 are consistent, so that the impact of the buffer box 1 to other structures is reduced.

Specifically, the elastic pads 7 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the guide hole 11 and extend outwards, and the fixing bolts 9 are required to be symmetrically arranged according to the circle center of the guide hole 11.

On the other hand, in some embodiments with a retaining ring, the resilient pad 7 and flat pad 8 may also be used to assist in securing the retaining ring.

The application is not limited to the embodiments described above, but a number of modifications and adaptations can be made by a person skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the application, which modifications and adaptations are also considered to be within the scope of the application.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

It should be noted that in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the application to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a take self-locking function low impact's separation buffer which characterized in that includes:

a buffer box (1) is internally provided with a cavity, and one surface of the buffer box is provided with a guide hole (11);

one end of the connecting nut (2) extends out of the buffer box (1) to be connected with an explosion bolt, a flange ring (21) for preventing the explosion bolt from falling off is sleeved on the outer wall adjacent to the end, the other end part of the connecting nut (2) extends into the guide hole (11), and the flange ring (21) is abutted against the inner wall, opposite to the guide hole (11), of the buffer box (1);

the impact limiting assembly (3) comprises a plurality of clamping plates (31), each clamping plate (31) extends out of the buffer box (1) from the edge of the guide hole (11), and the extending end of each clamping plate (31) is inclined to the axis of the guide hole (11);

when the explosion bolt is exploded, the connecting nut (2) partially extends out of the guide hole (11) and is in interference fit with the whole body formed by all clamping plates (31);

the outer wall of the connecting nut (2) protrudes outwards to form ratchet rings (22), a plurality of ratchet rings (22) are arranged along the axis direction of the connecting nut (2), one side of the ratchet rings (22) facing upwards is arc-shaped, and the other side facing downwards is plane;

the impact limiting assembly (3) further comprises:

and a position locking piece (32) which is arranged at the edge of the guide hole (11), wherein after the connecting nut (2) partially extends out of the guide hole (11), the position locking piece (32) is abutted with the ratchet ring (22), and when the connecting nut (2) falls down after the impact is finished, the plane at the lower side of the ratchet ring (22) is abutted with the position locking piece (32).

2. The low-impact separation buffer device with self-locking function according to claim 1, further comprising:

the deformation buffer piece (4) is arranged in the inner cavity of the buffer box (1), one end of the deformation buffer piece is abutted against the flange ring (21), and the other end of the deformation buffer piece is abutted against the inner wall surface of the buffer box (1) provided with the guide hole (11).

3. The separation buffer device with self-locking function and low impact according to claim 2, wherein: the deformation buffer member (4) is in an annular stepped shape and is reduced step by step, wherein the largest first step is abutted against the inner wall surface of the buffer box (1) provided with the guide hole (11), and the smallest first step is abutted against the flange ring (21).

4. The separation buffer device with self-locking function and low impact according to claim 1, wherein:

the position locking piece (32) is a backing ring, and the inner diameter of the backing ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the connecting nut (2);

the inner ring of the retaining ring is protruded in the extending direction of the connecting nut (2), and after the connecting nut (2) extends out of the guide hole (11), the protruded part of the retaining ring is abutted against the ratchet ring (22).

5. The separation buffer device with self-locking function and low impact according to claim 1, wherein:

the position locking piece (32) is a claw;

after the connecting nut (2) partially extends out of the guide hole (11), the claw is abutted against the ratchet ring (22).

6. The low-impact separation buffer device with self-locking function according to claim 1, wherein the buffer box (1) is divided into:

the bottom of the top box (12) is open, the guide hole (11) is arranged on one side of the top box (12) opposite to the opening, and the opening extends outwards to form a mounting plate (121);

a bottom cover (13) covering the opening of the top box (12), wherein the end part of the connecting nut (2) extends out of the bottom cover (13);

the mounting plate (121) is fixedly connected with the bottom cover (13) through a limit bolt (6), and the limit bolt (6) is also used for connecting the separation buffer device and the separation surface.

7. The low-impact separation buffer device with self-locking function according to claim 6, further comprising:

the explosion buffer device (5) comprises a buffer cushion (51), wherein the buffer cushion (51) is arranged between a mounting plate (121) and a bottom cover (13), and the mounting plate (121), the buffer cushion (51) and the bottom cover (13) are fixedly connected through a limit bolt (6).

8. The low-impact separation buffer device with self-locking function according to claim 7, characterized in that said explosion buffer device (5) further comprises:

and the elastic ring pad (52) is arranged outside the rod part of the limit bolt (6) and is positioned between the head part of the limit bolt (6) and the mounting plate (121).

9. The low-impact separation buffer device with self-locking function according to claim 1, further comprising:

the elastic pads (7) are arranged on one surface of the buffer box (1) close to the guide hole (11) and are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the guide hole (11);

a flat pad (8) arranged on the top surface of the elastic pad (7);

the fixing bolts (9) are symmetrically arranged along the guide holes (11), the flat pads (8), the elastic pads (7) and the buffer box (1) are connected, and the fixing bolts (9) keep the heights of all the fixing bolts (9) consistent through the flat pads (8).