CN114150198A - Preparation method of low-density metal ceramic material and low-density metal ceramic part - Google Patents
Preparation method of low-density metal ceramic material and low-density metal ceramic part Download PDFInfo
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- CN114150198A CN114150198A CN202111373682.7A CN202111373682A CN114150198A CN 114150198 A CN114150198 A CN 114150198A CN 202111373682 A CN202111373682 A CN 202111373682A CN 114150198 A CN114150198 A CN 114150198A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
- C22C1/051—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/005—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides comprising a particular metallic binder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/043—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The preparation method of the low-density cermet material comprises the following components of 15 mass percent of WC, 5 mass percent of Co, 5 mass percent of Ni and Mo25% by mass of C, 22% by mass of CK, 5% by mass of TaC/NbC, and Cr3C20.5% by mass, and the balance Ti (C)0.5N0.5). The cermet material prepared by the invention has the characteristics of low density, high hardness and high strength, is used for preparing wear-resistant parts, replaces high-density hard alloy materials, and reduces the overall weight of equipment, so that the requirement on the rigidity of the equipment is reduced, and the cermet material has strong practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field related to powder materials, in particular to a preparation method of a low-density metal ceramic material and a low-density metal ceramic part.
Background
The existing high-hardness wear-resistant part is mainly made of hard alloy materials, but the density of the hard alloy is generally high and basically higher than 13g/cm, the single weight of the part is high due to the high density, the requirement on the rigidity of equipment is high in equipment use, so that the equipment with high running speed needs materials with low density to reduce the requirement on the rigidity of the equipment, the high wear resistance is provided for the alloy wear-resistant material, the density is required to be reduced as far as possible, and the existing materials do not have the characteristics meeting the requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a low-density metal ceramic material and a low-density metal ceramic part, aiming at solving the defects of the prior art, the prepared metal ceramic material has the characteristics of low density, high hardness and high strength, is used for preparing wear-resistant parts, replaces high-density hard alloy materials, reduces the whole weight of equipment, thereby reducing the requirement on the rigidity of the equipment, and has stronger practicability.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the following technology is adopted:
a low-density cermet material is prepared from the components including
The mass fraction of WC is 15-25%;
the mass fraction of Co is 5-15%;
the mass fraction of Ni is 5-15%;
Mo2the mass fraction of C is 5-10%;
the mass fraction of CK is 22-32%;
the mass fraction of TaC/NbC is 5-10%;
Cr3C2the mass fraction of (A) is 0.5-2%;
the balance being Ti (C)0.5N0.5）。
Further, CK is a solid solution formed by WC and TiC, the proportion of WC is 40-60%, and the proportion of TiC is 60-40%.
Further, the preparation steps are as follows:
step 1, for WC, Co, Ni and Mo2C、CK、TaC/NbC、Cr3C2And Ti (C)0.5N0.5) Mixing;
step 2, the mixed powder obtained in the step 1 is filled in a ball milling tank;
step 3, filling the hexane-paraffin and the grinding balls into a ball milling tank, and sealing the ball milling tank;
step 4, performing ball milling on the mixture obtained in the step 3 through a ball mill;
and 5, drying the material obtained by grinding in the step 4, wherein the drying temperature is 100 ℃.
Further, the solid-to-liquid ratio in the ball milling tank in the step 3 is 1 Kg: 500 ml.
Further, the grinding balls are made of a WC alloy material.
Further, the ball to feed ratio of grinding balls to powder material was 7: 1.
Further, the ball milling time is 60 to 72 hours.
A low-density cermet part is prepared by pressing and sintering low-density cermet material, and the density of the prepared part is 7.0 +/-0.5 g/cm3The Rockwell hardness of the prepared part is more than or equal to 91HRA, the porosity of the prepared part is A02B00C00, the grain size of the prepared part is 1.0 mu m, and the bending strength of the prepared part is more than or equal to 2300N/mm2。
The technical scheme has the advantages that:
the cermet material prepared by the invention has the characteristics of low density, high hardness and high strength, is used for preparing wear-resistant parts, replaces high-density hard alloy materials, and reduces the overall weight of equipment, so that the requirement on the rigidity of the equipment is reduced, and the cermet material has strong practicability.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The preparation method of the low-density cermet material comprises the following components of 15 mass percent of WC, 5 mass percent of Co, 5 mass percent of Ni and Mo25% by mass of C, 22% by mass of CK, 5% by mass of TaC/NbC, and Cr3C20.5% by mass, and the balance Ti (C)0.5N0.5）。
The preparation method of the material in the implementation comprises the following steps:
step 1, for WC, Co, Ni and Mo2C、CK、TaC/NbC、Cr3C2And Ti (C)0.5N0.5) Mixing;
and 2, filling the mixed powder obtained in the step 1 into a ball milling tank, wherein the solid-liquid ratio in the ball milling tank is 1 Kg: 500 ml;
step 3, filling hexane-paraffin and grinding balls made of WC alloy materials into a ball milling tank, and sealing the ball milling tank, wherein the ball material ratio of the grinding balls to the powder materials is 7: 1;
step 4, ball-milling the mixture obtained in the step 3 by a ball mill for 60-72 hours;
and 5, drying the material obtained by grinding in the step 4, wherein the drying temperature is 100 ℃.
A low density cermet part is prepared by pressing and sintering low density cermet material, and the density of the prepared part is 7.1g/cm3The Rockwell hardness of the produced part is 92HRA, the porosity of the produced part is A02B00C00, the grain size of the produced part is 1.0-1.2 mu m, and the bending strength of the produced part is 2100N/mm2。
Example 2
The preparation method of the low-density cermet material comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 20% of WC, 10% of Co, 10% of Ni and Mo27.5% by mass of C, 26% by mass of CK, 7.5% by mass of TaC/NbC, and Cr3C21.25 percent by mass and the balance of Ti (C)0.5N0.5）。
The preparation method of the material in the implementation comprises the following steps:
step 1, for WC, Co, Ni and Mo2C、CK、TaC/NbC、Cr3C2And Ti (C)0.5N0.5) Mixing;
and 2, filling the mixed powder obtained in the step 1 into a ball milling tank, wherein the solid-liquid ratio in the ball milling tank is 1 Kg: 500 ml;
step 3, filling hexane-paraffin and grinding balls made of WC alloy materials into a ball milling tank, and sealing the ball milling tank, wherein the ball material ratio of the grinding balls to the powder materials is 7: 1;
step 4, ball-milling the mixture obtained in the step 3 by a ball mill for 60-72 hours;
and 5, drying the material obtained by grinding in the step 4, wherein the drying temperature is 100 ℃.
A low density cermet part having a density of 7.44g/cm and produced by compacting and low pressure sintering a low density cermet material3The Rockwell hardness of the prepared part is 91HRA, the porosity of the prepared part is A02B00C00, the grain size of the prepared part is 1.0-1.2 mu m, and the bending strength of the prepared part is 2200N/mm2。
Example 3
The preparation method of the low-density cermet material comprises the following components of 25 mass percent of WC, 15 mass percent of Co, 15 mass percent of Ni and Mo210% by mass of C, 32% by mass of CK, 10% by mass of TaC/NbC, and Cr3C2Is 2% by mass, and the balance is Ti (C)0.5N0.5）。
The preparation method of the material in the implementation comprises the following steps:
step 1, for WC, Co, Ni and Mo2C、CK、TaC/NbC、Cr3C2And Ti (C)0.5N0.5) Mixing;
and 2, filling the mixed powder obtained in the step 1 into a ball milling tank, wherein the solid-liquid ratio in the ball milling tank is 1 Kg: 500 ml;
step 3, filling hexane-paraffin and grinding balls made of WC alloy materials into a ball milling tank, and sealing the ball milling tank, wherein the ball material ratio of the grinding balls to the powder materials is 7: 1;
step 4, ball-milling the mixture obtained in the step 3 by a ball mill for 60-72 hours;
and 5, drying the material obtained by grinding in the step 4, wherein the drying temperature is 100 ℃.
A kind ofA low density cermet part produced by compacting and low pressure sintering a low density cermet material, said part having a density of 7.3g/cm3The Rockwell hardness of the prepared part is more than or equal to 91.5HRA, the porosity of the prepared part is A02B00C00, the grain size of the prepared part is 1.0-1.2 mu m, and the bending strength of the prepared part is more than or equal to 2300N/mm2。
Among them, examples 1 to 3 all showed that the materials were WC, Co, Ni, Mo2C、CK、TaC/NbC、Cr3C2And Ti (C)0.5N0.5) The composition can be known as WC and Ti (C)0.5N0.5) CK and TaC/NbC are taken as hard phases in the metal ceramic, when a part is prepared, crystal nuclei are provided for the growth of the material crystals, so that the formation of the material crystals is facilitated, the interface energy required by the growth of the crystals is reduced, an anti-wear framework is provided for improving the wear resistance of the material due to the existence of the hard phases, the hardness of the material is obviously enhanced, the existence of the hard phases plays a role of strengthening the hardness of the material of the part, so that the strength of the material of the part is improved, wherein WC is a well-known hard surface material, the hardness and the wear resistance of the material are obviously enhanced, the WC has excellent wettability with Co and Ni, the wetting angle between the WC and the two materials is close to 0 degree, and the Co and Ni can be fully infiltrated into the WC by virtue of capillary action when the part is in a molten state, thereby allowing an improvement in the binding effect between WC, while WC is used in consideration that the grain size, shape, kind and content of WC as a hard phase can be previously set, and other hard phases are generally devitrified and thus are not easily controlled when other hard phases are used. The wear resistance of the part can be remarkably improved by adopting the WC which is easy to control, and meanwhile, the WC has the characteristics of higher hardness and more obvious high-temperature resistance, so that the material can be stably supported when the material is subjected to friction heating, and the wear resistance in a high-temperature environment is further improved. Ti (C)0.5N0.5) The solid solution is formed by TiC and TiNBecause the TiC and TiN have higher hardness, and the Ti element in the TiC and TiN has better bonding force with the C or N element than other elements in the sintering process, the TiC and TiN also have the effect of fixing the carbon content in the sintering process, namely, the TiC and TiN also have the effect of inhibiting the excessive growth of crystal grains, so that the TiC and TiN play a role of refining the crystal grains, further strengthen the microstructure of the part material through fine grain strengthening effect, simultaneously improve the bonding force of WC in the part material, and the TiC and TiN have excellent thermal conductivity, thereby improving the heat transfer performance of the part material and obviously improving the thermal shock resistance of the part material, the CK material is a solid solution of WC and TiC which is used as a hard phase in a metal ceramic material and has the purpose of improving the hardness of the metal ceramic, and the solid solution strengthens the hardness of the material, and the wear-resistant skeleton plays a role in wear resistance of the part material, so that the wear resistance of the part material is improved.
As a hard phase, TaC/NbC provides a wear-resistant framework with higher hardness for the part material as compared with TiC, TiN and WC, and meanwhile, the TaC/NbC as a hard phase can improve the hardness of the part material, and meanwhile, the introduction of TaC/NbC improves the high-temperature fracture toughness of the part material, inhibits the generation and the expansion of cracks on the part, and further prolongs the service life of the part. The use of TaC/NbC can also obviously reduce the grain size (refined grains) of WC, and simultaneously reduce the free path between the WC, and it can be known that the reduction of the WC free path can reduce the amount of WC peeled off when the part is worn, so that the wear resistance of the material of the part is obviously improved, and meanwhile, the introduction of the TaC/NbC also shortens the adjacency degree between the WC grains, so that the attraction between the WC grains is improved, and the wear resistance of the part is correspondingly improved.
Co, Ni, Mo2C as a binder phase, the binding principle of Co and Ni as a binder phase to WC is explained in the above description, but Co and Ni also exert a stable binding effect with other hard phases, improving the toughness of the part material and the fracture resistance. Meanwhile, the introduction of Co can improve the part materialThe bonding strength of the material is improved, the hardness of the part material is also obviously improved, the mass fraction of C bonded by Co and Ni as the bonding agents is large, and the content of C in the part material is large in the aspect of the proportion of the whole part material, so that the components of the whole part material present uniform characteristics, and the wear resistance of the part material is correspondingly improved. Wherein, Mo2C can be filled around the hard phase uniformly, so that the microstructure of the part material is compact, the porosity of the part material is reduced, the hard phase can be prevented from falling off from the part in the abrasion process, the abrasion resistance of the material is correspondingly improved, and the bonding phase also has the corresponding high-temperature resistance characteristic, so that the abrasion resistance of the part material in a high-temperature environment is ensured.
Cr3C2As a grain inhibitor, segregation of Cr atoms mainly on WC-WC grain boundaries can reduce the intermittent growth of WC grains, and segregation of Cr atoms on WC phase boundaries can also delay the dissolution and precipitation of WC, thereby preventing the coarsening growth of WC. At the same time Cr3C2The introduction of the TaC/NbC can lead the WC crystal grains to generate the phenomenon of discontinuous growth, and the corresponding TaC/NbC can inhibit the discontinuous growth of the WC crystal grains, and the compatibility of the two can effectively improve the performance of the part material.
The above examples show that the material is prepared by grinding the powder material by using the hexane-paraffin process, and the WC alloy balls are used for grinding, so that the grinding method has high efficiency, the pollution to the powder material can be reduced, and the ball milling time is 60-72 hours in order to ensure that WC is sufficiently ground to obtain the fine powder material.
Wherein the density of the part sintered by the material is 7.0 +/-0.5 g/cm3Therefore, the part prepared by the material under the condition of the same volume has lower quality.
The hardness of the part sintered by the material is more than or equal to 91HRA, and the greater hardness improves the wear resistance of the whole part, so that the wear-resistant part can be conveniently machined.
The porosity of the part sintered by the material is A02B00C00, and the porosity is obviously smaller, so that the sintered part is more compact, and the performance of the whole part is obviously improved.
Wherein, the grain size of the part sintered by the material is 1.0 μm, and the strength of the part is obviously improved and the service life of the part is prolonged by smaller grains.
Wherein the bending strength of the part sintered by the material is more than or equal to 2300N/mm2The part made of the material can replace the existing wear-resistant part machined by conventional steel through the test of bending strength.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it is apparent that those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a low-density metal ceramic material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the component proportion is
The mass fraction of WC is 15-25%;
the mass fraction of Co is 5-15%;
the mass fraction of Ni is 5-15%;
Mo2the mass fraction of C is 5-10%;
the mass fraction of CK is 22-32%;
the mass fraction of TaC/NbC is 5-10%;
Cr3C2the mass fraction of (A) is 0.5-2%;
the balance being Ti (C)0.5N0.5）。
2. The method for preparing the low-density cermet material of claim 1, wherein CK is a solid solution formed by WC and TiC, the proportion of WC is 40-60%, and the proportion of TiC is 60-40%.
3. The method for preparing a low-density cermet material according to claim 1, characterized in that the preparation steps are:
step 1, for WC, Co, Ni and Mo2C、CK、TaC/NbC、Cr3C2And Ti (C)0.5N0.5) Mixing;
step 2, the mixed powder obtained in the step 1 is filled in a ball milling tank;
step 3, filling the hexane-paraffin and the grinding balls into a ball milling tank, and sealing the ball milling tank;
step 4, performing ball milling on the mixture obtained in the step 3 through a ball mill;
and 5, drying the material obtained by grinding in the step 4, wherein the drying temperature is 100 ℃.
4. The method for preparing a low-density cermet material according to claim 3, characterized in that the solid-to-liquid ratio in the ball milling tank in step 3 is 1 Kg: 500 ml.
5. The method of preparing a low-density cermet material according to claim 3, characterised in that the grinding balls are made of WC alloy material.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the ball to powder ratio of the grinding balls to the powder material is 7: 1.
7. The method of claim 3, wherein the ball milling time is 60 to 72 hours.
8. A low density cermet part obtainable by compacting and low pressure sintering a low density cermet material according to any of claims 1-8, said part having a density of 7.0 ± 0.5g/cm3Of said manufactured partThe Rockwell hardness is more than or equal to 91HRA, the porosity of the prepared part is A02B00C00, the grain size of the prepared part is 1.0 mu m, and the bending strength of the prepared part is more than or equal to 2300N/mm2。
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20120114960A1 (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2012-05-10 | Tungaloy Corporation | Cermet and Coated Cermet |
| JP2014029001A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2014-02-13 | Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp | Cermet, method for manufacturing the cermet, and cutting tool |
| CN107345284A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-11-14 | 株洲硬质合金集团有限公司 | Make the Ti base metal-ceramic materials of Binder Phase using Ni Cu continuous solid solutions |
| CN112853187A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-28 | 中南大学 | Weak core ring structure fine-grain homogeneous TiCN-based metal ceramic and preparation method thereof |
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2021
- 2021-11-19 CN CN202111373682.7A patent/CN114150198A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101302595A (en) * | 2008-07-08 | 2008-11-12 | 湖南科技大学 | High-wear resistant Ti (C, N)-base ceramet tool bit and preparation thereof |
| US20120114960A1 (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2012-05-10 | Tungaloy Corporation | Cermet and Coated Cermet |
| JP2014029001A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2014-02-13 | Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp | Cermet, method for manufacturing the cermet, and cutting tool |
| CN107345284A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-11-14 | 株洲硬质合金集团有限公司 | Make the Ti base metal-ceramic materials of Binder Phase using Ni Cu continuous solid solutions |
| CN112853187A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-28 | 中南大学 | Weak core ring structure fine-grain homogeneous TiCN-based metal ceramic and preparation method thereof |
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