CN114062941A - Power battery state of charge estimation method and device and electric vehicle - Google Patents
Power battery state of charge estimation method and device and electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN114062941A CN114062941A CN202010762380.8A CN202010762380A CN114062941A CN 114062941 A CN114062941 A CN 114062941A CN 202010762380 A CN202010762380 A CN 202010762380A CN 114062941 A CN114062941 A CN 114062941A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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Abstract
The disclosure relates to a method and a device for estimating the state of charge of a power battery and an electric vehicle, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring an initial charge state of the power battery at an initial moment when the power battery is in an alternating current self-heating state; determining the energy loss of the power battery from the initial moment to the target moment; estimating the state of charge variation of the power battery from the initial time to the target time according to the energy loss; and determining the target state of charge of the power battery at the target moment according to the state of charge variation and the initial state of charge.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the disclosure relates to the technical field of batteries, and more particularly, to a method and a device for estimating a state of charge of a power battery, and an electric vehicle.
Background
State of charge (SOC), which represents the ratio of the remaining capacity of the power cell at the current temperature to the capacity of its fully charged state, is often expressed as a percentage. The value range of the SOC is 0-1, when the SOC is 0, the power battery is completely discharged, and when the SOC is 1, the power battery is completely charged.
In the prior art, the SOC variation is usually calculated by integrating the current. The current sampling frequency of the current signal collector on the existing electric vehicle to the power battery can not completely cover the current of the whole period, so that the accuracy of the variation of the SOC estimated by current integration is low, and the actual SOC of the power battery can not be accurately fed back.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the disclosed embodiments is to provide a technical solution for accurately estimating the state of charge of a power battery.
According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for estimating a state of charge of a power battery, including:
acquiring an initial charge state of the power battery at an initial moment when the power battery is in an alternating current self-heating state;
determining the energy loss of the power battery from the initial moment to the target moment;
estimating the state of charge variation of the power battery from the initial time to the target time according to the energy loss;
and determining the target state of charge of the power battery at the target moment according to the state of charge variation and the initial state of charge.
Optionally, the determining the energy loss of the power battery from the initial time to the target time includes:
acquiring energy consumed by the power battery for self temperature increase from the initial moment to the target moment as first energy;
acquiring energy lost by heat dissipation of the power battery to the environment from the initial moment to the target moment, and taking the energy as second energy;
acquiring energy consumed by a circuit connected with the power battery from the initial moment to the target moment as third energy;
and obtaining the energy loss according to the first energy, the second energy and the third energy.
Optionally, the acquiring energy consumed by the power battery for self temperature increase from the initial time to the target time as the first energy includes:
acquiring the temperature variation of the power battery from the initial time to the target time;
acquiring the heat capacity of each battery in the power batteries;
acquiring the quality of the power battery;
determining the first energy according to the temperature variation, the heat capacity and the mass.
Optionally, the obtaining energy lost by the power battery in heat dissipation to the environment from the initial time to the target time includes, as a second energy:
acquiring the temperature variation of each battery in the power batteries from the initial time to the target time;
acquiring the contact area between each battery in the power batteries and the environment;
and determining the second energy according to the temperature variation of each battery, the contact area of each battery and a preset compensation coefficient of each battery.
Optionally, the acquiring energy consumed by a circuit connected to the power battery from the initial time to the target time as a third energy includes:
obtaining a comparison table reflecting the corresponding relation between the circuit parameters and the energy consumed by the circuit;
acquiring circuit parameters of a circuit connected with the power battery at the target moment as target circuit parameters;
and searching the comparison table, and determining the energy corresponding to the target circuit parameter as the third energy.
Optionally, the estimating, according to the energy loss, a state of charge variation of the power battery from the initial time to the target time includes:
acquiring rated voltage and rated capacity of the power battery;
acquiring the number of battery sections contained in the power battery;
and estimating the state of charge variation of the power battery from the initial time to the target time according to the energy loss, the rated voltage, the rated capacity and the battery section number.
Optionally, the obtaining of the initial state of charge of the power battery at the initial time includes:
acquiring the state of charge of the power battery at the moment before the initial moment;
acquiring the rated capacitance of the power battery and the current at the initial moment;
and determining the initial state of charge according to the state of charge at the previous moment, the rated capacitance and the current.
According to the second aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a state of charge estimation device for a power battery, including:
the initial state acquisition module is used for acquiring the initial charge state of the power battery at the initial moment when the power battery is in an alternating current self-heating state;
the energy loss determining module is used for determining the energy loss of the power battery from the initial moment to the target moment;
the variable quantity estimation module is used for estimating the state of charge variable quantity of the power battery from the initial moment to the target moment according to the energy loss;
and the target state acquisition module is used for determining the target charge state of the power battery at the target moment according to the charge state variation and the initial charge state.
According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided an electric vehicle comprising a main controller and a memory for storing a computer program, the main controller being configured to control the electric vehicle to perform the method according to the first aspect of the present disclosure under the control of the computer program.
One beneficial effect of the embodiments of the present disclosure is that, through the method of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of change in the state of charge of the power battery from the initial time to the target time is estimated according to the energy loss of the power battery from the initial time to the target time, and then the target state of charge of the power battery at the target time is obtained according to the amount of change in the state of charge and the initial state of charge of the power battery at the initial time, so that the obtained target state of charge can be more accurate. And moreover, the problem of over-discharge of the power battery in the alternating current self-heating process can be avoided.
Other features of the present invention and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a self-heating system capable of implementing one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a state of charge estimation method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a state of charge estimation device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an electric vehicle according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
< hardware configuration >
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a self-heating system that can be used to implement embodiments of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 1, the self-heating system 1000 may include a power battery 1100, a self-heating circuit 1200, a self-heating control circuit 1300, and a Battery Manager (BMS) 1400.
The self-heating circuit 1200 includes a bridge arm converter, a motor winding and an energy storage element, the bridge arm converter, the motor winding and the energy storage element are connected with the power battery 1100, the self-heating control circuit 1300 controls the bridge arm converter to charge and discharge the energy storage element and the power battery 1100, and internal resistance heating is realized in the alternating current charging and discharging process of the power battery 1100.
The self-heating system may further include a control unit that may transmit a signal to the battery manager 1400 to enter the self-heating process according to the temperature information of the power battery. The control unit may include a controller and a temperature sensor connected to the controller, and the controller may multiplex the battery manager 1400 or may be provided with a dedicated heating controller. The temperature sensor may be a thermocouple or other thermo-electric conversion sensor.
The battery manager 1400 starts the self-heating process in response to the signal entering the self-heating process, controls the self-heating control circuit 1300 to send a control signal to the self-heating circuit 1200, and the self-heating circuit 1200 charges and discharges the power battery 1100 according to the control signal, that is, performs ac self-heating on the power battery 1100.
< method examples >
Fig. 2 illustrates a state of charge estimation method of a power battery according to an embodiment, which may be implemented by an electric vehicle including at least the self-heating system 1000 shown in fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for estimating the state of charge of the power battery according to the embodiment may include the following steps S201 to S204:
step S201, acquiring an initial state of charge of the power battery at an initial time when the power battery is in an alternating current self-heating state.
In one embodiment of the present description, the state of charge of the power battery may be obtained according to a preset frequency f. Then, the time period between two adjacent times of acquiring the state of charge of the power battery may be T ═ 1/f.
Correspondingly, the duration between the initial time and the previous time may be T, and the duration between the initial time and the next time (i.e., the target time) may also be T.
Specifically, the initial state of charge at the initial time may be determined based on the state of charge at the previous time.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, in the case that the power battery enters the ac self-heating state, the step of acquiring the initial state of charge at the initial time may include: acquiring the SOC of a power battery at the previous moment0(ii) a Obtaining rated capacitance C and current I at initial moment of power battery1(ii) a State of charge SOC according to previous moment0Rated capacitance C and current I at the initial moment1The initial state of charge SOC of the power battery at the initial moment can be determined1. Specifically, initial state of charge SOC1May be determined by the following formula:
SOC1＝SOC0-∫ηI1dt/C
wherein η is a charge-discharge current multiplying power of the power battery, and a value of η may be set in advance according to an application scenario or a specific requirement, or may be measured through experimental calibration. η may range from [ -1000,1000 ]. For example, η may have a value of 800.
In another embodiment of the present disclosure, in the case that the power battery enters the ac self-heating state, the step of acquiring the initial state of charge at the initial time may include: determining the energy loss of the power battery from the previous moment to the initial moment of the power battery; estimating the state of charge variation of the power battery from the previous moment to the initial moment according to the energy loss of the power battery from the previous moment to the initial moment; according to the state of charge variation of the power battery from the previous moment to the initial moment and the state of charge of the power battery at the previous moment, the state of charge of the power battery at the initial moment can be obtained. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the method for determining the state of charge at the initial time may refer to the method for determining the state of charge at the target time in the present specification.
When the power battery is in the ac self-heating state at the target time, the following steps S202 to S204 are performed to determine the target state of charge of the power battery at the target time.
And step S202, determining the energy loss of the power battery from the initial time to the target time.
Under the condition that the power battery is in an alternating current self-heating state, the power battery consumes part of energy to generate heat through internal resistance under the action of the control signal. The energy consumed in the whole process is partly used for raising the temperature of the power battery, partly dissipated to the environment through heat loss, and partly used for the loss of the circuit (at least including the self-heating circuit) connected with the power battery, such as the heat generation of the IGBT of the bridge arm converter in the circuit during the switching process, the heat generation of the current flowing through the motor winding and the energy storage element, and the like. In one embodiment, the step of determining the energy loss of the power battery from the initial time to the target time may include steps S202-1 to S202-4 as follows:
step S202-1, energy consumed by the power battery for self temperature rise from the initial time to the target time is obtained and used as first energy.
In one embodiment of the present description, the step of obtaining the first energy may include steps S202-11 to S202-14 as follows:
and step S202-11, acquiring the temperature variation of the power battery from the initial time to the target time.
Specifically, the initial temperature T of the power battery at the initial time may be detected by a temperature sensor1And a target temperature T at a target time2Determining a target temperature T2And an initial temperature T1As the temperature variation Δ T of the power battery from the initial time to the target time, i.e., Δ T ═ T2-T1。
In one embodiment, the initial temperature T of any fixed position point in the power battery at the initial moment can be detected through a temperature sensor1And a target temperature T at a target time2And determining the temperature change quantity delta T of the power battery from the initial time to the target time. Thus, the accuracy of the temperature change amount can be ensured.
In another embodiment, the initial temperature of a plurality of position points in the power battery at the initial time and the target temperature at the target time can be detected through a temperature sensor, the difference value between the target temperature and the initial temperature of each position point is determined, and the average value of the corresponding difference values of each position point is determined as the temperature change amount Δ T of the power battery from the initial time to the target time. Thus, the accuracy of the temperature change amount can be ensured.
And S202-12, acquiring the heat capacity of each battery in the power battery.
In this embodiment, the power battery may be a battery pack composed of a plurality of batteries. The heat capacity of each battery can be the same and is C0。
And S202-13, acquiring the quality of the power battery.
The quality of the power cell may be predetermined and may be denoted as M.
Step S202-14, determining first energy according to the temperature variation, the heat capacity and the mass.
In the present embodiment, the first energy Q may be determined according to the following formula1：
Q1＝C0*M*ΔT
Wherein, Δ T is the temperature variation of the power battery from the initial time to the target time, C0The heat capacity of any one battery in the power battery; and M is the mass of the power battery.
Step S202-2, acquiring energy lost by heat dissipation of the power battery to the environment from the initial time to the target time as second energy.
In one embodiment of the present specification, the step of obtaining the second energy may include steps S202-21 to S202-23 as follows:
and S202-21, acquiring the temperature variation of each battery in the power batteries from the initial time to the target time.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the power battery may include S batteries, and for the ith (where i is a positive integer less than or equal to S) battery, the initial temperature T of the ith battery at the initial time may be detected by a temperature sensor1,iAnd a target temperature T at a target time2,iDetermining a target temperature T2,iAnd an initial temperature T1,iIs taken as the temperature change quantity delta T of the ith battery from the initial time to the target timeiI.e. Delta Ti＝T2,i-T1,i。
In one embodiment, the initial temperature T of any fixed position point in the ith battery at the initial time can be detected by a temperature sensor1,iAnd a target temperature T at a target time2,iTo determine the temperature variation delta T of the ith battery from the initial time to the target timei. Thus, the accuracy of the temperature change amount can be ensured.
In another embodiment, the initial temperature of a plurality of position points in the ith battery at the initial moment and the target temperature at the target moment can be detected through temperature sensors, and the purpose of each position point is determinedThe difference value between the target temperature and the initial temperature, and the average value of the difference value corresponding to each position point is determined and used as the temperature variation delta T from the initial time to the target time of the ith batteryi. Thus, the accuracy of the temperature change amount can be ensured.
And S202-22, acquiring the contact area of each battery in the power battery and the environment.
In the power battery, the outermost battery and the innermost battery are different from each other in external contact environment, so that the contact area between each battery and the environment is different.
Specifically, the contact area of each battery with the environment can be predetermined and stored. In executing the steps S202-22, the information may be directly obtained from a memory storing the contact area between each battery and the environment.
And S202-23, determining second energy according to the temperature variation, the contact area of each battery and a preset compensation coefficient of each battery.
In the present embodiment, the second energy Q may be determined according to the following formula2：
Wherein A isoThe contact area of the ith cell and the environment. Delta ToThe temperature variation of the ith battery from the initial time to the target time is shown. KiFor the compensation coefficient corresponding to the ith battery, the value of the compensation coefficient may be set in advance according to an application scenario or specific requirements, or may be measured through experimental calibration.
And step S202-3, acquiring energy consumed by a circuit connected with the power battery from the initial time to the target time as third energy.
In one embodiment of the present specification, the step of obtaining the third energy may include steps S202-31 to S202-33 as follows:
step S202-31, a comparison table reflecting the corresponding relation between the circuit parameters and the energy consumed by the circuit is obtained.
The comparison table in this embodiment may be prepared in advance based on experimental data and stored. In executing steps S202-31, the data may be directly obtained from a memory in which the look-up table is stored.
The circuit parameter may include at least one of current, temperature, and heat generation of each module in the circuit.
And S202-32, acquiring the circuit parameters of the circuit connected with the power battery at the target moment as target circuit parameters.
And S202-33, searching the comparison table, and determining the energy corresponding to the target circuit parameter as third energy.
And S202-4, obtaining the energy loss of the power battery from the initial time to the target time according to the first energy, the second energy and the third energy.
The energy loss of the power battery from the initial moment to the target moment comprises a first energy, a second energy and a third energy.
In the embodiment, the energy loss Q of the power battery from the initial time to the target time may be determined according to the following formula:
Q＝Q1+Q2+Q3
wherein Q is1Is a first energy, Q2Is a second energy, Q3Is the third energy.
And step S203, estimating the state of charge variation of the power battery from the initial time to the target time according to the energy loss.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the step of estimating the state of charge variation of the power battery from the initial time to the target time may include steps S203-1 to S203-3 as follows:
and step S203-1, acquiring the rated voltage and rated capacity of the power battery.
In the embodiments of the present description, the rated voltage and rated capacity of the power battery may be predetermined and stored. In executing step S203-1, the voltage and the capacity may be directly obtained from a memory in which the rated voltage and the rated capacity are stored.
And step S203-2, acquiring the number of battery sections contained in the power battery.
The number of battery cells S in the embodiment of the present specification may be predetermined and stored. In executing step S203-2, the battery pack may be directly obtained from a memory in which the number of battery cells is stored.
And step S203-3, estimating the state of charge variation of the power battery from the initial time to the target time according to the energy loss, the rated voltage, the rated capacity and the battery section number.
In this embodiment, the state of charge variation Δ SOC of the power battery from the initial time to the target time may be estimated according to the following formula:
ΔSOC＝ε*Q/(U*S*C)
wherein, epsilon is a compensation coefficient, and the value thereof can be preset according to the application scene or the specific requirement, or can be measured by experimental calibration. Q is the energy loss of the power battery from the initial moment to the target moment. U is the rated voltage of the power battery, C is the rated capacity of the power battery, and S is the number of battery sections contained in the power battery.
And step S204, determining the target state of charge of the power battery at the target moment according to the state of charge variation and the initial state of charge.
In the embodiment, the target state of charge SOC of the power battery at the target time may be determined according to the following formula2：
SOC2＝SOC1-ΔSOC
Therein, SOC1The delta SOC is the state of charge of the power battery from the initial time to the target time.
According to the method, the change amount of the state of charge of the power battery from the initial time to the target time is estimated according to the energy loss of the power battery from the initial time to the target time, and then the target state of charge of the power battery at the target time is obtained according to the change amount of the state of charge and the initial state of charge of the power battery at the initial time, so that the obtained target state of charge can be more accurate. And moreover, the problem of over-discharge of the power battery in the alternating current self-heating process can be avoided.
< apparatus embodiment >
Fig. 3 shows a block schematic diagram of a state of charge estimation device of a power cell according to an embodiment. As shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, the state of charge estimation device 3000 may include an initial state acquisition module 3100, an energy loss determination module 3200, a variation estimation module 3300, and a target state acquisition module 3400. The initial state acquisition module 3100 is configured to acquire an initial state of charge of the power battery at an initial time when the power battery is in an alternating current self-heating state; the energy loss determining module 3200 is used for determining the energy loss of the power battery from the initial moment to the target moment; the variation estimation module 3300 is configured to estimate the state of charge variation of the power battery from the initial time to the target time according to the energy loss; the target state obtaining module 3400 is configured to determine a target state of charge of the power battery at a target time according to the state of charge variation and the initial state of charge.
In one embodiment of the present description, the energy loss determination module 3200 may be further operable to:
acquiring energy consumed by the power battery for self temperature increase from an initial moment to a target moment as first energy;
acquiring energy lost by heat dissipation of the power battery to the environment from the initial moment to the target moment, and taking the energy as second energy;
acquiring energy consumed by a circuit connected with the power battery from the initial moment to the target moment as third energy;
and obtaining the energy loss according to the first energy, the second energy and the third energy.
In one embodiment of the present specification, acquiring the energy consumed by the power battery for self temperature increase from the initial time to the target time includes, as the first energy:
acquiring the temperature variation of the power battery from an initial time to a target time;
acquiring the heat capacity of each battery in the power battery;
acquiring the quality of the power battery;
the first energy is determined based on the amount of temperature change, the heat capacity, and the mass.
In one embodiment of the present specification, obtaining energy lost by the power battery to dissipate heat into the environment from the initial time to the target time includes, as the second energy:
acquiring the temperature variation of each battery in the power batteries from an initial time to a target time;
acquiring the contact area between each battery in the power batteries and the environment;
and determining the second energy according to the temperature variation of each battery, the contact area of each battery and a preset compensation coefficient of each battery.
In one embodiment of the present specification, the obtaining of the energy consumed by the circuit to which the power battery is connected from the initial time to the target time includes, as the third energy:
obtaining a comparison table reflecting the corresponding relation between the circuit parameters and the energy consumed by the circuit;
acquiring circuit parameters of a circuit connected with a power battery at a target moment as target circuit parameters;
and looking up the comparison table, and determining the energy corresponding to the target circuit parameter as the third energy.
In one embodiment of the present description, the variation estimation module 3300 may be further configured to:
acquiring rated voltage and rated capacity of a power battery;
acquiring the number of battery sections contained in a power battery;
and estimating the state of charge variation of the power battery from the initial time to the target time according to the energy loss, the rated voltage, the rated capacity and the battery section number.
In one embodiment of the present description, the state of charge estimation device 3000 may further include:
the method comprises the steps that a module used for determining whether a power battery is in an alternating current self-heating state at a target moment;
in one embodiment of the present description, the initial state acquisition module 3100 may be further configured to:
acquiring the state of charge of the power battery at the moment before the initial moment;
acquiring rated capacitance and current of a power battery at an initial moment;
and determining the initial charge state according to the charge state, the rated capacitance and the current at the previous moment.
< vehicle embodiment >
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of an electric vehicle that may be used to implement the state of charge estimation method of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
The electric vehicle 4000 shown in fig. 4 may include a main controller 4100 and a memory 4200, the memory 4200 being configured to store a computer program, the main controller 4100 being configured to control the electric vehicle to perform the method of any of the embodiments of the present specification under the control of the computer program.
The main controller 4100 serves as a main component of an Electronic Control Unit (ECU) of the vehicle, and executes a computer program written in an instruction set of an architecture such as x47, Arm, RISC, MIPS, SSE, or the like.
The memory 4200 includes, for example, a ROM (read only memory), a RAM (random access memory), a nonvolatile memory such as a hard disk, and the like, for storing the above computer programs and the like.
The electric vehicle in the embodiment is specifically a vehicle provided with a power battery, and may be a pure electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.
In one example, the electric vehicle may have a state of charge estimation device 3000 as shown in fig. 3, which is not limited herein.
In one example, the electric vehicle may further include at least one of an engine, a motor controller, an induction device, an input device, an interface device, an output device, a motor, a power battery, and other hardware structures, which are not limited herein.
The rear end of the engine (one end connected with the flywheel) can be connected with the input end of the speed reducer through the clutch, and the output end of the speed reducer is connected with the wheel shaft so as to drive the wheel to rotate through the engine.
The motor controller is used for controlling the motor to act according to a control command sent by the main controller 4100, for example, controlling the motor to output torque so as to drive the wheel shaft to rotate; for another example, the motor is controlled to feed back electric energy to the power battery.
The sensing device may include various sensors and the like, including, for example, at least one of a rotational speed sensor, an attitude sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a pressure sensor, and the like.
The input devices may include a key circuit, a touch screen, a microphone, a knob circuit, a throttle control with a throttle pedal, a brake control with a brake pedal, and the like.
The interface device may include an earphone interface, a diagnosis interface of an On Board Diagnostics (OBD), a charging interface, a USB interface, and the like.
The output devices may include a display screen, speakers, various indicator lights, and the like.
When the motor is used as a motor, the power battery can be used to provide electric energy for the motor.
The present invention may be a system, method and/or computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions embodied therewith for causing a processor to implement various aspects of the present invention.
The computer readable storage medium may be a tangible device that can hold and store the instructions for use by the instruction execution device. The computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic memory device, a magnetic memory device, an optical memory device, an electromagnetic memory device, a semiconductor memory device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium would include the following: a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanical coding device, such as punch cards or in-groove projection structures having instructions stored thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. Computer-readable storage media as used herein is not to be construed as transitory signals per se, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through a waveguide or other transmission medium (e.g., optical pulses through a fiber optic cable), or electrical signals transmitted through electrical wires.
The computer-readable program instructions described herein may be downloaded from a computer-readable storage medium to a respective computing/processing device, or to an external computer or external storage device via a network, such as the internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and/or a wireless network. The network may include copper transmission cables, fiber optic transmission, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers and/or edge servers. The network adapter card or network interface in each computing/processing device receives computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer-readable program instructions for storage in a computer-readable storage medium in the respective computing/processing device.
The computer program instructions for carrying out operations of the present invention may be assembler instructions, Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) instructions, machine-related instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Smalltalk, C + + or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The computer-readable program instructions may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, aspects of the present invention are implemented by personalizing an electronic circuit, such as a programmable logic circuit, a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or a Programmable Logic Array (PLA), with state information of computer-readable program instructions, which can execute the computer-readable program instructions.
Aspects of the present invention are described herein with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer-readable program instructions.
These computer-readable program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. These computer-readable program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer, programmable data processing apparatus, and/or other devices to function in a particular manner, such that the computer-readable medium storing the instructions comprises an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The computer readable program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other devices to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other devices implement the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of instructions, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). In some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions. It is well known to those skilled in the art that implementation by hardware, implementation by software, and implementation by a combination of software and hardware are equivalent.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for estimating the state of charge of a power battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring an initial charge state of the power battery at an initial moment when the power battery is in an alternating current self-heating state;
determining the energy loss of the power battery from the initial moment to the target moment;
estimating the state of charge variation of the power battery from the initial time to the target time according to the energy loss;
and determining the target state of charge of the power battery at the target moment according to the state of charge variation and the initial state of charge.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the energy loss of the power cell from the initial time to the target time comprises:
acquiring energy consumed by the power battery for self temperature increase from the initial moment to the target moment as first energy;
acquiring energy lost by heat dissipation of the power battery to the environment from the initial moment to the target moment, and taking the energy as second energy;
acquiring energy consumed by a circuit connected with the power battery from the initial moment to the target moment as third energy;
and obtaining the energy loss according to the first energy, the second energy and the third energy.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining the energy consumed by the power battery for self temperature increase from the initial time to the target time as the first energy comprises:
acquiring the temperature variation of the power battery from the initial time to the target time;
acquiring the heat capacity of each battery in the power batteries;
acquiring the quality of the power battery;
determining the first energy according to the temperature variation, the heat capacity and the mass.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the obtaining energy lost by the power battery to dissipate heat into the environment from the initial time to the target time as the second energy comprises:
acquiring the temperature variation of each battery in the power batteries from the initial time to the target time;
acquiring the contact area between each battery in the power batteries and the environment;
and determining the second energy according to the temperature variation of each battery, the contact area of each battery and a preset compensation coefficient of each battery.
5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining of the energy consumed by the circuit to which the power battery is connected from the initial time to the target time as a third energy comprises:
obtaining a comparison table reflecting the corresponding relation between the circuit parameters and the energy consumed by the circuit;
acquiring circuit parameters of a circuit connected with the power battery at the target moment as target circuit parameters;
and searching the comparison table, and determining the energy corresponding to the target circuit parameter as the third energy.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein estimating the change in state of charge of the power cell from the initial time to the target time based on the energy loss comprises:
acquiring rated voltage and rated capacity of the power battery;
acquiring the number of battery sections contained in the power battery;
and estimating the state of charge variation of the power battery from the initial time to the target time according to the energy loss, the rated voltage, the rated capacity and the battery section number.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining the initial state of charge of the power cell at the initial time comprises:
acquiring the state of charge of the power battery at the moment before the initial moment;
acquiring the rated capacitance of the power battery and the current at the initial moment;
and determining the initial state of charge according to the state of charge at the previous moment, the rated capacitance and the current.
8. A state of charge estimation device for a power battery, comprising:
the initial state acquisition module is used for acquiring the initial charge state of the power battery at the initial moment when the power battery is in an alternating current self-heating state;
the energy loss determining module is used for determining the energy loss of the power battery from the initial moment to the target moment;
the variable quantity estimation module is used for estimating the state of charge variable quantity of the power battery from the initial moment to the target moment according to the energy loss;
and the target state acquisition module is used for determining the target charge state of the power battery at the target moment according to the charge state variation and the initial charge state.
9. An electric vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a main controller and a memory for storing a computer program, the main controller being adapted to control the electric vehicle to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 under the control of the computer program.
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