CN114069797A - Series-parallel switching system of fuel cell array and operation method - Google Patents
Series-parallel switching system of fuel cell array and operation method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 241001604129 Polydactylus Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 3
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0024—Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3835—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a series-parallel switching system of a fuel cell array and an operation method. The system comprises a series-parallel connection switching module, a bidirectional DC/DC converter and a control unit, wherein each galvanic pile is electrically connected with a corresponding wiring terminal on the series-parallel connection switching module, the total output end of the series-parallel connection switching module is electrically connected with the low-voltage side of the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the high-voltage side of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with an external electronic device, and the control unit is used for acquiring information of the external electronic device, monitoring the state of the galvanic pile and controlling the series-parallel connection switching module and the bidirectional DC/DC converter to work. The invention can automatically match the proper number of the accessed galvanic piles and the serial-parallel connection mode according to the types and the required power of the accessed electronic devices, simultaneously can monitor the performance condition of the galvanic piles in real time, can automatically disconnect the galvanic piles with problems when the galvanic piles have performance attenuation or faults, and can access the normal galvanic piles to complement the shortage power, thereby ensuring that the system can still normally run.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a series-parallel switching system of a fuel cell array and an operation method.
Background
The fuel cell has the characteristics of high power generation efficiency, less emission, low noise, small volume, high response speed and the like, and is an energy conversion device with high efficiency and great development potential. With the continuous progress of technology and the continuous improvement of market demand, high-power fuel cells are more and more favored by the market. The fuel cell array power generation system formed by connecting a plurality of fuel cells in series and parallel can effectively increase the power output capacity of the fuel cells, but the fixed series-parallel connection mode is difficult to meet various working conditions of power generation and electrolysis, and the electric pile can not be ensured to operate in a good working section under various working conditions. In addition, once a fault occurs to the electric pile in the fuel cell array, the output performance of the whole fuel cell array can be obviously affected, and therefore, the addition of the related series-parallel switching module has a very important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a series-parallel switching system and an operation method of a fuel cell array, which can automatically match the proper number of accessed galvanic piles and the series-parallel mode according to the types and the required power of accessed electronic devices, so that the fuel cell array can be in an optimal working interval under the power generation/electrolysis working conditions, and simultaneously can monitor the performance condition of the galvanic piles in real time.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a series-parallel switching system of a fuel cell array, wherein the fuel cell array consists of a plurality of galvanic piles, the series-parallel switching system comprises a series-parallel switching module, a bidirectional DC/DC converter and a control unit, each galvanic pile is electrically connected with a corresponding wiring terminal on the series-parallel switching module, the total output end of the series-parallel switching module is electrically connected with the low-voltage side of the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the high-voltage side of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with an external electronic device, and the control unit is used for acquiring information of the external electronic device, monitoring the state of the galvanic piles and controlling the series-parallel switching module and the bidirectional DC/DC converter to work.
In the scheme, the control unit acquires the information of the external electronic device, when the external electronic device is in a power supply type, the control system enters an electrolysis working mode, and when the external electronic device is in a load type, the control system enters a power generation working mode. The control unit switches the number of the accessed galvanic piles and the serial-parallel connection mode by controlling the serial-parallel connection switching module, so that the system enters different working modes.
The control unit monitors the voltage of each electric pile in real time, judges whether the corresponding electric pile is degraded in performance or fails according to the voltage of each electric pile, cuts off the electric pile with problems through the series-parallel switching module when the electric pile is degraded in performance or fails, and connects the electric pile with normal electric pile to supplement the shortage power, so that the system can still normally operate.
Preferably, the series-parallel switching module comprises an anode direct-current copper bar bus, a cathode direct-current copper bar bus, a total output terminal and a plurality of wiring terminals arranged in a row, the stacks correspond to the wiring terminals one to one, the anode and the cathode of each stack are respectively electrically connected with the anode and the cathode of the corresponding wiring terminal, the anode of each wiring terminal is electrically connected with the anode direct-current copper bar bus through an electronic switch A which uniquely corresponds to the anode and the cathode of each wiring terminal, the cathode of each wiring terminal is electrically connected with the cathode direct-current copper bar bus through an electronic switch B which uniquely corresponds to the cathode of each wiring terminal, adjacent wiring terminals are connected in series through an electronic switch C which uniquely corresponds to the cathode of each wiring terminal, the anode direct-current copper bar bus is electrically connected with the anode of the total output terminal, and the cathode direct-current copper bar bus is electrically connected with the cathode of the total output terminal.
The invention relates to an operation method of a series-parallel switching system of a fuel cell array, which is used for the series-parallel switching system of the fuel cell array and comprises the following steps:
the control unit acquires information of the external electronic device, when the external electronic device is of a power supply type, the control system enters an electrolysis working mode, and when the external electronic device is of a load type, the control system enters a power generation working mode;
the method for controlling the system to enter the electrolysis working mode comprises the following steps:
calculating the number X of the galvanic piles required to be accessed:
wherein, P1Can provide power for external electronic deviceeThe rated electrolytic power of the electric pile;
selecting X electric piles, closing the electronic switches A and B corresponding to the X electric piles, and disconnecting the rest electronic switches A, the rest electronic switches B and all the electronic switches C;
the method for the control system to enter the power generation working mode comprises the following steps:
calculating the number Y of the galvanic piles required to be accessed:
wherein, P2The power is required by an external electronic device, and Pf is rated power generation power of the galvanic pile;
selecting Y electric piles which are continuously adjacent, closing an electronic switch A corresponding to the first electric pile in the Y electric piles which are continuously adjacent, closing an electronic switch B corresponding to the last electric pile in the Y electric piles which are continuously adjacent, closing an electronic switch C between the Y electric piles which are continuously adjacent, and opening the rest electronic switches A, B and C.
When the system needs to enter an electrolysis working mode, connecting the selected X electric piles in parallel to a main output terminal; when the system needs to enter a power generation working mode, the selected Y electric piles are connected in series to the total output terminal.
Preferably, the method for operating a series-parallel switching system of a fuel cell array further includes the steps of:
the control unit monitors the voltage of each electric pile in real time, judges whether the corresponding electric pile is in a fault state or not according to the voltage of each electric pile, and executes the following steps when the electric pile communicated with the main output terminal breaks down:
s1: judging whether the number D of the normally switched-on galvanic piles is larger than the number K of the switched-on fault galvanic piles, if D is larger than or equal to K, executing step S2, if D is smaller than K, switching off all the electronic switches A and B, and stopping the system;
s2: judging the working mode of the current system, if the current system is in the electrolysis working mode, executing the step S3, and if the current system is in the power generation working mode, executing the step S4;
s3: the electronic switch A and the electronic switch B corresponding to the switched-on fault electric pile are switched off, K electric piles are selected from the un-switched-on normal electric piles, and the electronic switch A and the electronic switch B corresponding to the K electric piles are switched on;
s4: judging whether continuous adjacent E normal electric piles exist or not, wherein E is more than or equal to Y, if not, disconnecting all the electronic switches A and B, and stopping the system; if yes, selecting Y continuous adjacent electric piles from the E continuous adjacent electric piles, closing an electronic switch A corresponding to the first electric pile in the Y continuous adjacent electric piles, closing an electronic switch B corresponding to the last electric pile in the Y continuous adjacent electric piles, closing an electronic switch C between the Y continuous adjacent electric piles, and opening the rest electronic switches A, B and C.
When a fault occurs in a galvanic pile connected with a main output terminal, judging whether the number D of unconnected normal galvanic piles is larger than the number K of connected fault galvanic piles, if D is smaller than K, replacing all fault galvanic piles by the normal galvanic piles, directly disconnecting all galvanic piles, stopping the system, and if D is larger than or equal to K, performing different processing according to different current working modes of the system.
If the system is in the electrolysis working mode, the connected fault galvanic pile is directly disconnected, the normal galvanic piles with the same number as the connected fault galvanic piles are connected, the shortage power is complemented, and the normal operation of the system is guaranteed. If the system is in a power generation working mode, whether E continuous adjacent normal electric piles exist is judged firstly, E is larger than or equal to Y, if not, Y electric piles cannot be established and connected in series to the main output terminal, all the electric piles are directly disconnected, the system stops working, if yes, the originally connected electric piles are disconnected, the Y continuous adjacent electric piles are selected from the E continuous adjacent normal electric piles, and the Y electric piles are connected in series to the main output terminal, so that the normal operation of the system is guaranteed.
Preferably, the method for operating a series-parallel switching system of a fuel cell array further includes the steps of: and when the control unit receives a manual mode instruction, the control unit enters a manual control mode and controls the serial-parallel switching module to work according to the instruction of the external input equipment.
The control unit can set a manual control mode, controls the serial-parallel switching module to work according to an operation instruction of a person, does not automatically control the serial-parallel switching module to work any more, and only provides information of an external electronic device and the state of the galvanic pile under the manual control mode.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the number of the connected electric piles and the series-parallel connection mode can be matched automatically according to the type and the required power of the connected electronic device, so that the fuel cell array can be in the optimal working range under the power generation/electrolysis working condition. (2) The performance condition of the electric pile is monitored in real time, when the electric pile is degraded in performance or fails, the electric pile with problems can be automatically separated, and a normal electric pile is connected to supplement the shortage power, so that the system can still normally operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a series-parallel switching module.
In the figure: 1. the system comprises a fuel cell array, 2, an electric pile, 3, a series-parallel switching module, 4, a bidirectional DC/DC converter, 5, a control unit, 6, an external electronic device, 7, a positive direct current copper bar bus, 8, a negative direct current copper bar bus, 9, a total output terminal, 10 and a wiring terminal.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example (b): a series-parallel switching system of a fuel cell array of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a fuel cell array 1 is composed of a plurality of stacks 2, the series-parallel switching system includes a series-parallel switching module 3, a bidirectional DC/DC converter 4, and a control unit 5, the series-parallel switching module 3 includes a positive electrode DC copper bar bus 7, a negative electrode DC copper bar bus 8, a total output terminal 9, and a plurality of connection terminals 10 arranged in a row, the stacks 2 correspond to the connection terminals 10 one by one, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each stack 2 are electrically connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the corresponding connection terminal 10 respectively, the positive electrode of each connection terminal 10 is electrically connected to the positive electrode DC copper bar bus 7 through a unique corresponding electronic switch a, the negative electrode of each connection terminal 10 is electrically connected to the negative electrode DC copper bar bus 8 through a unique corresponding electronic switch B, the adjacent connection terminals 10 are connected in series through a unique corresponding electronic switch C, the positive direct-current copper bar bus 7 is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the main output terminal 9, the negative direct-current copper bar bus 8 is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the main output terminal 9, the main output terminal 9 is electrically connected with the low-voltage side of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 4, the high-voltage side of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 4 is connected with the external electronic device 6, and the control unit 5 is used for acquiring information of the external electronic device, monitoring the state of a pile and controlling the series-parallel connection switching module and the bidirectional DC/DC converter to work.
In the scheme, the control unit acquires the information of the external electronic device, when the external electronic device is in a power supply type, the control system enters an electrolysis working mode, and when the external electronic device is in a load type, the control system enters a power generation working mode. The control unit switches the number of the accessed galvanic piles and the serial-parallel connection mode by controlling the serial-parallel connection switching module, so that the system enters different working modes.
The control unit monitors the voltage of each electric pile in real time, judges whether the corresponding electric pile is degraded in performance or fails according to the voltage of each electric pile, cuts off the electric pile with problems through the series-parallel switching module when the electric pile is degraded in performance or fails, and connects the electric pile with normal electric pile to supplement the shortage power, so that the system can still normally operate.
The method for operating a series-parallel switching system of a fuel cell array of the present embodiment is applied to the series-parallel switching system of the fuel cell array, and includes the following steps:
when the control unit receives a manual mode instruction, the control unit enters a manual control mode and controls the serial-parallel switching module to work according to the instruction of the external input equipment; when the control unit receives an intelligent mode instruction, the intelligent control mode is entered, and the control method of the intelligent control mode comprises the following steps:
the control unit acquires information of the external electronic device, when the external electronic device is of a power supply type, the control system enters an electrolysis working mode, and when the external electronic device is of a load type, the control system enters a power generation working mode;
the method for controlling the system to enter the electrolysis working mode comprises the following steps:
calculating the number X of the galvanic piles required to be accessed:
wherein, P1Can provide power for external electronic deviceeThe rated electrolytic power of the electric pile;
selecting X electric piles, closing the electronic switches A and B corresponding to the X electric piles, and disconnecting the rest electronic switches A, the rest electronic switches B and all the electronic switches C;
the method for controlling the system to enter the power generation working mode comprises the following steps:
calculating the number Y of the galvanic piles required to be accessed:
wherein, P2Power requirement, P, for external electronic devicesfThe rated generating power of the galvanic pile is obtained;
selecting Y electric piles which are continuously adjacent, closing an electronic switch A corresponding to the first electric pile in the Y electric piles which are continuously adjacent, closing an electronic switch B corresponding to the last electric pile in the Y electric piles which are continuously adjacent, closing an electronic switch C between the Y electric piles which are continuously adjacent, and disconnecting the rest electronic switches A, B and C;
the control unit monitors the voltage of each electric pile in real time, judges whether the corresponding electric pile is in a fault state or not according to the voltage of each electric pile, and executes the following steps when the electric pile communicated with the main output terminal breaks down:
s1: judging whether the number D of the normally switched-on galvanic piles is larger than the number K of the switched-on fault galvanic piles, if D is larger than or equal to K, executing step S2, if D is smaller than K, switching off all the electronic switches A and B, and stopping the system;
s2: judging the working mode of the current system, if the current system is in the electrolysis working mode, executing the step S3, and if the current system is in the power generation working mode, executing the step S4;
s3: the electronic switch A and the electronic switch B corresponding to the switched-on fault electric pile are switched off, K electric piles are selected from the un-switched-on normal electric piles, and the electronic switch A and the electronic switch B corresponding to the K electric piles are switched on;
s4: judging whether continuous adjacent E normal electric piles exist or not, wherein E is more than or equal to Y, if not, disconnecting all the electronic switches A and B, and stopping the system; if yes, selecting Y continuous adjacent electric piles from the E continuous adjacent electric piles, closing an electronic switch A corresponding to the first electric pile in the Y continuous adjacent electric piles, closing an electronic switch B corresponding to the last electric pile in the Y continuous adjacent electric piles, closing an electronic switch C between the Y continuous adjacent electric piles, and opening the rest electronic switches A, B and C.
In the scheme, the serial-parallel switching system can be set to be in a manual control mode or an intelligent control mode according to needs. In the manual control mode, the series-parallel switching system works according to an operation instruction of a person, and the control unit only provides information of the external electronic device and the state of the galvanic pile in the manual control mode.
Under the intelligent control mode, the control unit acquires information of the external electronic device and selects different working modes according to the type of the external electronic device. When the system needs to enter an electrolysis working mode, connecting the selected X electric piles in parallel to a main output terminal; when the system needs to enter a power generation working mode, the selected Y electric piles are connected in series to the total output terminal.
The control unit monitors the state of each galvanic pile in real time, when a galvanic pile connected with the main output terminal has a fault, the control unit judges whether the number D of unconnected normal galvanic piles is larger than the number K of connected fault galvanic piles or not, if D is smaller than K, the normal galvanic piles can not be used for replacing all fault galvanic piles, so that all galvanic piles are directly disconnected, the system stops working, and if D is larger than or equal to K, different processing is carried out according to different current working modes of the system.
If the system is in the electrolysis working mode, the connected fault galvanic pile is directly disconnected, the normal galvanic piles with the same number as the connected fault galvanic piles are connected, the shortage power is complemented, and the normal operation of the system is guaranteed. If the system is in a power generation working mode, whether E continuous adjacent normal electric piles exist is judged firstly, E is larger than or equal to Y, if not, Y electric piles cannot be established and connected in series to the main output terminal, all the electric piles are directly disconnected, the system stops working, if yes, the originally connected electric piles are disconnected, the Y continuous adjacent electric piles are selected from the E continuous adjacent normal electric piles, and the Y electric piles are connected in series to the main output terminal, so that the normal operation of the system is guaranteed.
For example: as shown in fig. 2, the fuel cell array is composed of n stacks, all stacks in the fuel cell array are numbered as 1 and 2 … … n in sequence, the connection terminals are numbered as 1 and 2 … … n in sequence from left to right, each stack is connected with the connection terminal with the same number, the electronic switch a corresponding to the stack with the number i is an electronic switch Ai, and the electronic switch B corresponding to the stack with the number i is an electronic switch BiThe electronic switch C connecting the pile numbered i with the pile numbered i +1 is an electronic switch CiI is 1, 2 … … n. Initially, all the stacks did not fail.
The control method of the intelligent control mode comprises the following steps:
the control unit acquires information of the external electronic device, when the external electronic device is of a power supply type, the control system enters an electrolysis working mode, and when the external electronic device is of a load type, the control system enters a power generation working mode;
the method for controlling the system to enter the electrolysis working mode comprises the following steps:
calculating the number X of the galvanic piles required to be accessed:
wherein, P1Can provide power for external electronic deviceeThe rated electrolytic power of the electric pile;
will electronic switch A1-AXElectronic switch B1-BXClosing, disconnecting the rest electronic switches A, the rest electronic switches B and all the electronic switches C, and connecting the electric piles with the numbers of 1-X in parallel to the total output terminal;
the method for controlling the system to enter the power generation working mode comprises the following steps:
calculating the number Y of the galvanic piles required to be accessed:
wherein, P2Power requirement, P, for external electronic devicesfThe rated generating power of the galvanic pile is obtained;
will electronic switch A1Electronic switch BYElectronic switch C1～CY-1Closing, disconnecting the rest electronic switches A, B and C, and connecting the electric piles numbered 1-Y in series to the main output terminal;
the control unit monitors the voltage of each galvanic pile in real time, judges whether the corresponding galvanic pile is in a fault state or not according to the voltage of each galvanic pile, counts the number K of the faulty galvanic piles communicated with the total output terminal when the galvanic pile communicated with the total output terminal is in fault, and executes the following steps:
s1: judging whether the number D of the normally switched-on galvanic piles is larger than the number K of the switched-on fault galvanic piles, if D is larger than or equal to K, executing step S2, if D is smaller than K, switching off all the electronic switches A and B, and stopping the system;
s2: judging the working mode of the current system, if the current system is in the electrolysis working mode, executing the step S3, and if the current system is in the power generation working mode, executing the step S4;
s3: the electronic switches A and B corresponding to the K fault galvanic piles are switched off, and the electronic switch A is switched offX+1-AX+KElectronic switch BX+1-BX+KClosing, namely connecting the X + 1-X + K galvanic piles into a total output terminal in parallel;
s4: sequencing the serial numbers of the fault galvanic piles from small to large to obtain the maximum serial number M of the fault galvanic piles, judging whether n-M is larger than Y, if n-M is smaller than Y, disconnecting all electronic switches A and B, and stopping the system; if n-M is more than or equal to Y, the electronic switch A is switched on1Electronic switch BYElectronic switch C1～CMCut off the electronic switch AM+1Electronic switch BM+YElectronic switch CM+1～CM+Y-1And (4) closing, namely connecting the M + 1-M + K galvanic piles into the total output terminal in parallel.
Claims (5)
1. The series-parallel switching system of the fuel cell array is characterized by comprising a series-parallel switching module (3), a bidirectional DC/DC converter (4) and a control unit (5), wherein each electric pile (2) is electrically connected with a corresponding wiring terminal (10) on the series-parallel switching module (3), the total output end of the series-parallel switching module (3) is electrically connected with the low-voltage side of the bidirectional DC/DC converter (4), the high-voltage side of the bidirectional DC/DC converter (4) is connected with an external electronic device (6), and the control unit (5) is used for acquiring information of the external electronic device, monitoring the state of the electric piles and controlling the series-parallel switching module and the bidirectional DC/DC converter to work.
2. The series-parallel switching system of a fuel cell array according to claim 1, wherein the series-parallel switching module (3) comprises a positive direct current copper bar bus (7), a negative direct current copper bar bus (8), a total output terminal (9) and a plurality of connecting terminals (10) arranged in a row, the stacks (2) correspond to the connecting terminals (10) one by one, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each stack (2) are respectively and electrically connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the corresponding connecting terminal (10), the positive electrode of each connecting terminal (10) is electrically connected with the positive direct current copper bar bus (7) through a unique corresponding electronic switch A, the negative electrode of each connecting terminal (10) is electrically connected with the negative direct current copper bar bus (8) through a unique corresponding electronic switch B, the adjacent connecting terminals (10) are connected in series through a unique corresponding electronic switch C, the positive direct current copper bar bus (7) is electrically connected with the positive pole of the main output terminal (9), and the negative direct current copper bar bus (8) is electrically connected with the negative pole of the main output terminal (9).
3. A method of operating a series-parallel switching system of a fuel cell array for a series-parallel switching system of a fuel cell array according to claim 2, comprising the steps of:
the control unit acquires information of the external electronic device, when the external electronic device is of a power supply type, the control system enters an electrolysis working mode, and when the external electronic device is of a load type, the control system enters a power generation working mode;
the method for controlling the system to enter the electrolysis working mode comprises the following steps:
calculating the number X of the galvanic piles required to be accessed:
wherein, P1Can provide power for external electronic deviceeThe rated electrolytic power of the electric pile; selecting X electric piles, closing the electronic switches A and B corresponding to the X electric piles, and turning on the rest electronic switches A and BThe electronic switch C is turned off;
the method for the control system to enter the power generation working mode comprises the following steps:
calculating the number Y of the galvanic piles required to be accessed:
wherein, P2Power requirement, P, for external electronic devicesfThe rated generating power of the galvanic pile is obtained; selecting Y electric piles which are continuously adjacent, closing an electronic switch A corresponding to the first electric pile in the Y electric piles which are continuously adjacent, closing an electronic switch B corresponding to the last electric pile in the Y electric piles which are continuously adjacent, closing an electronic switch C between the Y electric piles which are continuously adjacent, and opening the rest electronic switches A, B and C.
4. A method of operating a series-parallel switching system for a fuel cell array according to claim 3, further comprising the steps of:
the control unit monitors the voltage of each electric pile in real time, judges whether the corresponding electric pile is in a fault state or not according to the voltage of each electric pile, and executes the following steps when the electric pile communicated with the main output terminal breaks down:
s1: judging whether the number D of the normally switched-on galvanic piles is larger than the number K of the switched-on fault galvanic piles, if D is larger than or equal to K, executing step S2, if D is smaller than K, switching off all the electronic switches A and B, and stopping the system;
s2: judging the working mode of the current system, if the current system is in the electrolysis working mode, executing the step S3, and if the current system is in the power generation working mode, executing the step S4;
s3: the electronic switch A and the electronic switch B corresponding to the switched-on fault electric pile are switched off, K electric piles are selected from the un-switched-on normal electric piles, and the electronic switch A and the electronic switch B corresponding to the K electric piles are switched on;
s4: judging whether continuous adjacent E normal electric piles exist or not, wherein E is more than or equal to Y, if not, disconnecting all the electronic switches A and B, and stopping the system; if yes, selecting Y continuous adjacent electric piles from the E continuous adjacent electric piles, closing an electronic switch A corresponding to the first electric pile in the Y continuous adjacent electric piles, closing an electronic switch B corresponding to the last electric pile in the Y continuous adjacent electric piles, closing an electronic switch C between the Y continuous adjacent electric piles, and opening the rest electronic switches A, B and C.
5. A method of operating a series-parallel switching system for a fuel cell array according to claim 3, further comprising the steps of: and when the control unit receives a manual mode instruction, the control unit enters a manual control mode and controls the serial-parallel switching module to work according to the instruction of the external input equipment.
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