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CN114056488B - Anchor chain control method and device - Google Patents

Anchor chain control method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114056488B
CN114056488B CN202111408484.XA CN202111408484A CN114056488B CN 114056488 B CN114056488 B CN 114056488B CN 202111408484 A CN202111408484 A CN 202111408484A CN 114056488 B CN114056488 B CN 114056488B
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China
Prior art keywords
tension
anchor chain
value
time
length
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CN202111408484.XA
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CN114056488A (en
Inventor
黄正
聂铭
谢文平
罗啸宇
刘小璐
梁永纯
黄丰
汪林立
吕旺燕
岳楹超
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Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
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Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202111408484.XA priority Critical patent/CN114056488B/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/04Fastening or guiding equipment for chains, ropes, hawsers, or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/20Adaptations of chains, ropes, hawsers, or the like, or of parts thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/20Adaptations of chains, ropes, hawsers, or the like, or of parts thereof
    • B63B2021/203Mooring cables or ropes, hawsers, or the like; Adaptations thereof

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for controlling an anchor chain, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a real-time tension time course of the anchor chain, and calculating a tension predicted value and a tension average value of the anchor chain according to the real-time tension time course; and controlling the chain outlet length of the anchor chain according to the predicted tension value and the average tension value so as to realize the control of the anchor chain. By adopting the embodiment of the invention, the risk of anchor chain breakage and anchor moving displacement can be reduced, thereby improving the safety of the anchoring system.

Description

Anchor chain control method and device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of data processing, in particular to a method and a device for controlling an anchor chain.
Background
The ocean contains abundant renewable energy sources, including forms of tidal energy, wave energy, temperature difference energy, salt difference energy, ocean current energy and the like, and also includes wind energy above the sea surface, solar energy on the surface of seawater and biomass energy in the sea. The ocean energy is green and pollution-free, and is a very promising energy under the condition of aggravated energy crisis. The wave energy has large energy flow density, wide distribution range and wide development prospect. In recent years, wave energy power generation technology is researched in many countries, and a semi-submersible platform is generally adopted; with the development and utilization of ocean wind energy, the trend of offshore wind power driving to deep water and open sea is the future, so that the semi-submersible floating type fan becomes the mainstream. The semi-submersible floating platform is likely to encounter typhoon weather due to long-term floating on the ocean, so that extremely severe sea conditions are formed, and severe tests are brought to the platform and an anchoring system. How to prevent the anchor from moving and improve the reliability of an anchoring system is one of key technologies for ensuring the safety of the offshore power generation device.
In the prior art, when the control method of the anchor chain is used in extreme weather, due to the fact that the sense wave height of waves is large, the coupling effect of the slamming load and the whole floating platform system can cause the anchor chain to generate short-time tension peak values, the safety coefficient of the anchor chain is possibly lower than the specification requirement, even the anchor chain is broken, and meanwhile, the short-time tension peak values can cause anchor walking and shifting to cause danger to the anchoring system.
In summary, the existing anchor chain control method can cause the short-time tension peak value of the anchor chain to be too large in extreme severe weather, which easily causes anchor chain fracture and anchor moving displacement, and finally causes the safety of the anchoring system and the offshore power generation device to be low.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for controlling an anchor chain, which can reduce the risk of anchor chain breakage and anchor moving displacement, thereby improving the safety of an anchoring system.
A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a method for controlling an anchor chain, including:
acquiring a real-time tension time course of the anchor chain, and calculating a tension predicted value and a tension average value of the anchor chain according to the real-time tension time course;
and controlling the chain outlet length of the anchor chain according to the predicted tension value and the average tension value so as to realize the control of the anchor chain.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the outgoing length of the anchor chain is controlled according to the predicted tension value and the average tension value, specifically:
when the tension average value is larger than a first preset value or when the tension predicted value is larger than a second preset value, increasing the outgoing chain length of the anchor chain;
and when the tension average value is smaller than a third preset value and the tension predicted value is smaller than a fourth preset value, reducing the outgoing chain length of the anchor chain.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, increasing the outgoing length of the anchor chain specifically includes:
and increasing the outgoing chain length of the anchor chain according to a first preset speed, continuously monitoring the real-time tension average value of the anchor chain in the increasing process, and stopping increasing the outgoing chain length of the anchor chain when the real-time tension average value meets a preset condition.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the reducing the outgoing length of the anchor chain specifically includes:
and reducing the outgoing length of the anchor chain according to a second preset speed, continuously monitoring the real-time length of the anchor chain in the reducing process, and stopping reducing the outgoing length of the anchor chain when the real-time length of the anchor chain is equal to the initial value.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes:
and when the tension average value is larger than or equal to a third preset value, or when the tension predicted value is larger than or equal to a fourth preset value, or when the tension average value is smaller than or equal to a first preset value and the tension predicted value is smaller than or equal to a second preset value, keeping the outgoing chain length of the anchor chain unchanged.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the calculating a predicted tension value of the anchor chain specifically includes:
and inputting the real-time tension time course into a prediction model so that the prediction model calculates a tension predicted value at a preset moment according to the real-time tension time course.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the generating process of the prediction model specifically includes:
and acquiring a tension time course in a preset time period, and inputting the tension time course in the preset time period into the multi-step short-term memory neural network model so as to train the multi-step short-term memory neural network model and generate a prediction model.
A second aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a control device for an anchor chain, including: a calculation module and a control module;
the computing module is used for acquiring a real-time tension time course of the anchor chain and computing a tension predicted value and a tension average value of the anchor chain according to the real-time tension time course;
the control module is used for controlling the chain outlet length of the anchor chain according to the tension predicted value and the tension average value so as to control the anchor chain.
A third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a mobile terminal, including a processor and a memory, where the memory stores computer-readable program codes, and the processor executes the computer-readable program codes to implement the steps of the method for controlling an anchor chain.
A fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a storage medium storing computer-readable program code, which when executed, implements the steps of a method for controlling an anchor chain as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the method and the device for controlling the anchor chain provided by the embodiment of the invention comprise the following steps: acquiring a real-time tension time course of the anchor chain, and calculating a tension predicted value and a tension average value of the anchor chain according to the real-time tension time course; and controlling the chain outlet length of the anchor chain according to the predicted tension value and the average tension value so as to realize the control of the anchor chain.
The beneficial effects are that: according to the embodiment of the invention, when the tension of the anchor chain with a larger peak value is predicted according to the predicted tension value and the average tension value, the corresponding anchor chain is loosened by controlling the chain outlet length of the anchor chain, so that the anchor chain can drift in a larger range in the main bearing direction. As the drift time of the anchor chain becomes longer, the rate of increase of the tension time course becomes slower. Therefore, the tension time course of the anchor chain is controlled at a proper level, the risk of anchor chain breakage and anchor moving displacement is reduced, and the safety of the anchoring system is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling an anchor chain according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of tension time-course data distribution provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the effect of a prediction model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device for an anchor chain according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, which is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling an anchor chain according to an embodiment of the present invention, the method includes steps S101 to S102:
s101: and acquiring a real-time tension time course of the anchor chain, and calculating a tension predicted value and a tension average value of the anchor chain according to the real-time tension time course.
In this embodiment, the calculating the predicted tension value of the anchor chain specifically includes:
and inputting the real-time tension time course into a prediction model so that the prediction model calculates to obtain the tension prediction value at a preset moment according to the real-time tension time course. The tension prediction method comprises the steps of calculating a plurality of predicted values of the tension by the prediction model, and taking the maximum value of the predicted values of all the tensions as a tension predicted value finally output by the prediction model, namely a tension peak value.
Preferably, the preset time is a corresponding time 20 seconds after the current time.
In this embodiment, the tension average value is an average value of a real-time tension time interval acquired N seconds before the current time; n is preferably 600.
In an embodiment, the generating process of the prediction model specifically includes:
and acquiring a tension time course in a preset time period, and inputting the tension time course in the preset time period into a multi-step short-term memory neural network model so as to train the multi-step long-term short-term memory neural network model and generate the prediction model.
Illustratively, the predetermined time period is 0-1800 s. After inputting the tension time interval in the preset time period to the multi-step short-term memory neural network model and before training the multi-step long-term short-term memory neural network model, setting the multi-step long-term short-term memory neural network model (namely, an LSTM model), specifically:
an Adam optimizer is selected, MaxEpochs is set to be 300, InitialLearnRate is set to be 0.005, LearnRateSchedule is set to be pilot, LearnRateDropPeriod is set to be 125, LearnRateDropFactor is set to be 0.2, GradientThreshold is set to be 1, the number of hidden units is set to be 200, and the rest is determined by default options or according to the size of a training set.
Further, the predictive model is updated according to the real-time tension time course.
Furthermore, the tension time-course data of 1801-.
S102: and controlling the chain outlet length of the anchor chain according to the predicted tension value and the average tension value so as to realize the control of the anchor chain.
In this embodiment, the controlling the outgoing length of the anchor chain according to the predicted tension value and the average tension value specifically includes:
when the tension average value is larger than a first preset value or when the tension predicted value is larger than a second preset value, increasing the outgoing length of the anchor chain;
and when the tension average value is smaller than a third preset value and the tension predicted value is smaller than a fourth preset value, reducing the outgoing chain length of the anchor chain.
In a specific embodiment, the increasing the outgoing length of the anchor chain specifically includes:
and increasing the outgoing length of the anchor chain according to a first preset speed, continuously monitoring the real-time tension average value of the anchor chain in the increasing process, and stopping increasing the outgoing length of the anchor chain when the real-time tension average value meets a preset condition. Wherein the preset conditions are as follows: the real-time tension average value is greater than a first target value and less than a second target value.
In a specific embodiment, the reducing the outgoing length of the anchor chain specifically includes:
and reducing the outgoing length of the anchor chain according to a second preset speed, continuously monitoring the real-time length of the anchor chain in the reducing process, and stopping reducing the outgoing length of the anchor chain when the real-time length of the anchor chain is equal to the initial value. Wherein the initial value is an initial length of the anchor chain.
In this embodiment, the method further includes:
and when the tension average value is greater than or equal to the third preset value, or when the tension predicted value is greater than or equal to the fourth preset value, or when the tension average value is less than or equal to the first preset value and the tension predicted value is less than or equal to the second preset value, keeping the outgoing chain length of the anchor chain unchanged.
Preferably, the first predetermined value is 30% FBLThe second predetermined value is 60% FBLThe third predetermined value is 10% FBLThe fourth predetermined value is 40% FBL(ii) a The first target value is 15% FBLThe second target value is 20% FBL. Wherein FBLIs the breaking tension of the anchor chain.
By way of example, if the breaking tension of the anchor chain is 500kN, the first predetermined value is 150kN, the second predetermined value is 300kN, the third predetermined value is 50kN and the fourth predetermined value is 200 kN. The preset conditions are as follows: the real-time tension average is greater than 75kN (the first target value) and less than 125kN (the second target value).
Assuming that the preset time is 1800s, the average tension value is 81.5kN, the predicted tension value is 88.3kN, and the obtained average tension value is smaller than the first preset value and larger than the third preset value, so that the chain outlet length of the anchor chain does not need to be adjusted at the moment and is kept unchanged; assuming that the preset time is 2120s, the average tension value is 79.9kN, the predicted tension value is 103.0kN, and the obtained average tension value is smaller than the first preset value and larger than the third preset value, so that the chain outlet length of the anchor chain does not need to be adjusted at the moment, and the chain outlet length of the anchor chain is kept unchanged.
To further illustrate the tension time course, please refer to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the tension time course data distribution provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 2, the abscissa represents time and the ordinate represents the time course of tension. Inputting a tension time course within 0-1800s into the multi-step short-term memory neural network model so as to train the multi-step long-term memory neural network model to generate the prediction model; the tension time-course data of 1801-2400s is used for testing the prediction model, and the data length of the tension time-course data which can be used for testing is 580s considering that prediction needs to be carried out 20 seconds in advance.
To further illustrate the accuracy of the tension prediction value calculated by the prediction model, please refer to fig. 3, and fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the effect of the prediction model according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 3, the abscissa represents time, the ordinate represents a tension time course, the solid line represents a real-time tension time course of the anchor chain, and the point represents a predicted tension value. From fig. 3, the distribution locus of the points almost coincides with the straight line, representing that the tension predicted value is almost equal to the real-time tension time, the prediction accuracy of the prediction model is high, and the prediction effect is good.
To further explain the control device of the anchor chain, please refer to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the control device of the anchor chain according to an embodiment of the present invention, including: a calculation module 401 and a control module 402.
The calculation module 401 is configured to obtain a real-time tension time course of the anchor chain, and calculate a predicted tension value and an average tension value of the anchor chain according to the real-time tension time course; the control module 402 is configured to control the outgoing length of the anchor chain according to the predicted tension value and the average tension value, so as to control the anchor chain.
The embodiment of the invention firstly obtains a real-time tension time course of the anchor chain through a calculation module 401, and calculates a tension predicted value and a tension average value of the anchor chain according to the real-time tension time course; and then the control module 402 controls the out-link length of the anchor chain according to the predicted tension value and the average tension value so as to control the anchor chain.
According to the embodiment of the invention, when the tension of the anchor chain with a larger peak value is predicted according to the predicted tension value and the average tension value, the corresponding anchor chain is loosened by controlling the chain outlet length of the anchor chain, so that the anchor chain can drift in a larger range in the main bearing direction. As the drift time of the anchor chain becomes longer, the rate of increase of the tension time course becomes slower. Therefore, the tension time course of the anchor chain is controlled at a proper level, the risk of anchor chain breakage and anchor moving displacement is reduced, and the safety of the anchoring system is improved.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A method of controlling an anchor chain, comprising:
acquiring a real-time tension time course of the anchor chain, and calculating a tension predicted value and a tension average value of the anchor chain according to the real-time tension time course;
controlling the outgoing chain length of the anchor chain according to the predicted tension value and the average tension value so as to realize the control of the anchor chain; and controlling the outgoing chain length of the anchor chain according to the predicted tension value and the average tension value, specifically:
when the tension average value is larger than a first preset value or when the tension predicted value is larger than a second preset value, increasing the outgoing length of the anchor chain;
and when the tension average value is smaller than a third preset value and the tension predicted value is smaller than a fourth preset value, reducing the outgoing chain length of the anchor chain.
2. The method for controlling an anchor chain according to claim 1, wherein said increasing the outgoing length of the anchor chain comprises:
and increasing the outgoing length of the anchor chain according to a first preset speed, continuously monitoring the real-time tension average value of the anchor chain in the increasing process, and stopping increasing the outgoing length of the anchor chain when the real-time tension average value meets a preset condition.
3. The method for controlling an anchor chain according to claim 1, wherein said reducing the outgoing length of the anchor chain comprises:
and reducing the outgoing length of the anchor chain according to a second preset speed, continuously monitoring the real-time length of the anchor chain in the reducing process, and stopping reducing the outgoing length of the anchor chain when the real-time length of the anchor chain is equal to the initial value.
4. The method of controlling an anchor chain according to claim 1, further comprising:
and when the tension average value is greater than or equal to the third preset value, or when the tension predicted value is greater than or equal to the fourth preset value, or when the tension average value is less than or equal to the first preset value and the tension predicted value is less than or equal to the second preset value, keeping the outgoing chain length of the anchor chain unchanged.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the calculating of the predicted value of the tension of the anchor chain is specifically:
and inputting the real-time tension time course into a prediction model so that the prediction model calculates to obtain the tension prediction value at a preset moment according to the real-time tension time course.
6. The method for controlling an anchor chain according to claim 5, wherein the generation process of the prediction model is specifically:
and acquiring a tension time course in a preset time period, and inputting the tension time course in the preset time period into a multi-step short-term memory neural network model so as to train the multi-step long-term short-term memory neural network model and generate the prediction model.
7. A control device for an anchor chain, comprising: a calculation module and a control module;
the calculation module is used for acquiring a real-time tension time course of the anchor chain and calculating a tension predicted value and a tension average value of the anchor chain according to the real-time tension time course;
the control module is configured to control the outgoing length of the anchor chain according to the predicted tension value and the average tension value, so as to control the anchor chain, and the control of the outgoing length of the anchor chain according to the predicted tension value and the average tension value specifically includes:
when the tension average value is larger than a first preset value or when the tension predicted value is larger than a second preset value, increasing the outgoing length of the anchor chain;
and when the tension average value is smaller than a third preset value and the tension predicted value is smaller than a fourth preset value, reducing the outgoing chain length of the anchor chain.
8. A mobile terminal, characterized in that it comprises a processor and a memory, said memory storing computer readable program code, said processor implementing the steps of a method of controlling an anchor chain according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when executing said computer readable program code.
9. A storage medium, characterized in that the storage medium stores computer readable program code which, when executed, implements the steps of a method of controlling an anchor chain according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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JP2010030379A (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-02-12 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd Tension adjusting method for tensioned mooring cable and tensioned mooring float
CN202201133U (en) * 2011-05-27 2012-04-25 中国长江航运集团江东船厂 High-water-level water draining temporary anchoring device for ship
CN107364547A (en) * 2016-05-13 2017-11-21 中国电力工程顾问集团华北电力设计院有限公司 The photovoltaic floating platform mooring system waterborne of belt tension compensation device
CN106934103A (en) * 2017-02-17 2017-07-07 哈尔滨工程大学 Mooring system dynamic response method of estimation based on segmentation extrapolation strategy
CN109871609B (en) * 2019-02-18 2020-10-27 中国海洋大学 Method for predicting response of marine floating platform mooring system based on BP-FEM
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