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CN103983304B - A kind of river water quality Monitoring systems and method - Google Patents

A kind of river water quality Monitoring systems and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103983304B
CN103983304B CN201410188834.XA CN201410188834A CN103983304B CN 103983304 B CN103983304 B CN 103983304B CN 201410188834 A CN201410188834 A CN 201410188834A CN 103983304 B CN103983304 B CN 103983304B
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water quality
monitoring equipment
automatic water
quality monitoring
probe
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CN103983304A (en
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郝鹏
缪祎晟
吴华瑞
李飞飞
马为红
刘论
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Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture
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Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of river water quality Monitoring systems and method, this system comprises monitoring water quality platform and is deployed on river course to be monitored multiple automatic water quality monitoring equipment according to certain spacer portion, wherein, automatic water quality monitoring equipment comprises: water quality parameter perception and transducing unit, sampling of water quality unit, process and control unit, data communication units and power adaptation unit; Monitoring water quality platform, for being managed by described multiple automatic water quality monitoring equipment, comprising: data sink storage unit, data are made a report on and edit cell, and user shows and interactive unit and Administrative Unit. The present invention establishes the monitoring time correlation between each water quality monitoring (WQM) equipment, solves the problem that cannot catch small-scale, random blowdown situation in prior art in time.

Description

A kind of river water quality Monitoring systems and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of environment protection, it is specifically related to a kind of urban river water environmental quality Monitoring systems and method.
Background technology
Basin, river course, villages and small towns source of pollution are mainly based on sanitary sewage, water quality produces life, Changes in weather and dynamic change at any time along with resident, its blowdown feature mainly on a small scale, the feature such as random, sudden, mobility and diffustivity, relatively independent single-point monitoring effect is difficult to accurately determine time of blowdown, total amount, impact etc. on water body, causes can not comprehensively finding water pollution situation in time. On the other hand owing to water quality sensor is immersed under water for a long time, the tolerance range of sensor determination all can be had an impact by fouling product, algae, microorganism etc., and prior art does not propose the impact that effective and feasible method avoids abnormal data system to be caused.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of river water quality Monitoring systems and method, establishes the monitoring time correlation between each water quality monitoring (WQM) equipment, solves the problem that cannot catch small-scale, random blowdown situation in prior art in time.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of river water quality Monitoring systems, comprises monitoring water quality platform and is deployed on river course to be monitored multiple automatic water quality monitoring equipment according to certain spacer portion, wherein,
Automatic water quality monitoring equipment, for automatically obtaining water quality parameter observed value, comprising:
Water quality parameter perception and transducing unit, comprise acquisition module and signal transmitting module, and wherein acquisition module comprises water temperature probe, pH value probe, dissolved oxygen probe, conductivity probe, turbidity probe tip, flow velocity probe, for gathering each water quality parameter; Signal transmitting module, for the observed value of each water quality parameter of each probe acquires is converted into electrical signal, send gives process and control unit;
Sampling of water quality unit, comprises and adopts water pipe, miniature peristaltic pump, water sample storage bottle, for carrying out sampling of water quality according to control command;
Process and control unit, comprise analog to digital conversion module, treater, memory module and clock module, for the electrical signal that Received signal strength transmitting module sends, corresponding numerary signal is obtained after analog-to-digital conversion resume module, treater is according to the apperceive characteristic of each probe prestored in memory module and obtains corresponding numerary signal after analog-to-digital conversion resume module, obtain the water quality parameter observed value of each probe, it is sent to data communication units;
Process and control unit are also for acquisition module transmission control order, control sampling of water quality unit carries out sampling of water quality;
Data communication units, for being sent to monitoring water quality platform by the water quality parameter observed value of each probe;
Power adaptation unit, adaptive for completing the conversion of different input voltage, for each unit of automatic water quality monitoring equipment provides Power supply;
Monitoring water quality platform, for being managed by described multiple automatic water quality monitoring equipment, comprising:
Data sink storage unit, for receiving the water quality parameter observed value of each probe that all automatic water quality monitoring equipment reports, and stores;
Data are made a report on and edit cell, and for the laboratory measurements according to described sampling of water quality, the water quality parameter observed value of each probe reported by automatic water quality monitoring equipment carries out expansion and makes a report on, and the probe measurement data that there is fault carry out editor and revises;
User shows and interactive unit, for showing real-time water monitoring data, and inquiring and browsing of historical data is provided, it is provided that the Configuration Values of automatic water quality monitoring equipment is set by user, comprises the setting of the normal acquisition timed interval, each parameter normality threshold scope, single sampling of water quality amount;
Administrative Unit, for the Configuration Values of user is issued to automatic water quality monitoring equipment, and when water quality occurs extremely, carries out overall calculating and scheduling to the collection monitoring time of each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room, has controlled each monitoring equipment and monitored time correlation.
Preferably, described data communication units supports multiple signalling methods, comprises 3G/GPRS, Ethernet, Zigbee, WIFI and RS232/485 wire communication.
Preferably, described automatic water quality monitoring equipment also comprises ultrasonic cleaner, for being cleaned by described each probe before each probe carries out water quality parameter collection and in gathering.
Preferably, described Administrative Unit water quality is abnormal occur time, the collection monitoring time of each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room is carried out overall calculating and scheduling, control each monitoring equipment and monitored time correlation and to comprise:
If A, B, C, D are four the adjacent automatic water quality monitoring equipment swimming over to downstream on basin, river course, if TBMoment B device finds that certain water quality parameter exceedes the normality threshold scope of setting at first, then the time that pollutent is arrived its adjacent monitoring equipment by Administrative Unit carries out association and solves, and method of calculation are as follows:
When the upstream node that A is B, and v0> vB, wherein v0For the velocity of diffusion of this pollutent in hydrostatic, vBFor the flow velocity at B point place, then Pollutants Diffusion is to upstream node A, moment TAFor:
T A = T B + S AB v 0 - v B
Wherein, SBCFor the river course distance of A, B point-to-point transmission
When the downstream node that C is B, then pollutent arrives the moment T of C pointCFor:
T C = T B + S BC v 0 + v B
Wherein, SBCFor the river course distance of B, C point-to-point transmission, vBFor the flow velocity at B point place;
Controlling of sampling instruction is sent to A, C monitoring equipment by Administrative Unit, respectively at TAAnd TCMoment starts intensive water quality sampling, if A point or C point also exist the phenomenon that certain water quality parameter exceedes the normality threshold scope of setting, then its adjacent flow domain node is repeated above-mentioned steps.
Preferably, described monitoring water quality platform also comprises data processing and warning unit, when there is super threshold condition in the water quality parameter that any automatic water quality monitoring equipment gathers, data processing and warning unit issue alarm in several ways, comprise webpage alarm and SMS alarm prompting, flow to according to the basin in river course at page end, point out the regional extent that current overproof water quality occurs, and set different alarm display modes according to the degree of exceeding standard, slightly exceed standard for orange, severe overweight are redness.
Applying a river water quality monitoring method for described system, the method comprises:
S1. each water quality parameter of each probe acquires in acquisition module; The control command that sampling of water quality unit issues according to process and control unit carries out sampling of water quality;
S2. the observed value of each water quality parameter of each probe acquires is converted into electrical signal by signal transmitting module, and send gives process and control unit;
S3. the electrical signal that process sends with control unit Received signal strength transmitting module, corresponding numerary signal is obtained after analog-to-digital conversion resume module, treater is according to the apperceive characteristic of each probe prestored in memory module and obtains corresponding numerary signal after analog-to-digital conversion resume module, obtain the water quality parameter observed value of each probe, it is sent to data communication units;
S4. the water quality parameter observed value of each probe is sent to monitoring water quality platform by data communication units;
S5. monitoring water quality platform receives the water quality parameter observed value of each probe that all automatic water quality monitoring equipment reports, and stores;
S6. monitoring water quality platform is according to the laboratory measurements of described sampling of water quality, and the water quality parameter observed value of each probe reported by automatic water quality monitoring equipment carries out expansion and makes a report on, and the probe measurement data that there is fault carries out editor and revises;
S7 monitoring water quality platform is responsible for showing real-time water monitoring data, and inquiring and browsing of historical data is provided, there is provided user to be set by the Configuration Values of automatic water quality monitoring equipment, comprise the setting of the normal acquisition timed interval, each parameter normality threshold scope, single sampling of water quality amount;
S8. the Configuration Values of user is issued to automatic water quality monitoring equipment, and when water quality occurs extremely, the collection monitoring time of each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room is carried out overall calculating and scheduling, controlled each monitoring equipment and monitored time correlation.
Preferably, in described step S4, data communication units supports that the water quality parameter observed value of each probe is sent to monitoring water quality platform by multiple signalling methods, comprises 3G/GPRS, Ethernet, Zigbee, WIFI and RS232/485 wire communication.
Preferably, in described step S1, before each water quality parameter of each probe acquires in acquisition module and in the process of each water quality parameter of collection, described each probe is cleaned by ultrasonic cleaner.
Preferably, in described step S8 water quality is abnormal occur time, the collection monitoring time of each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room is carried out overall calculating and scheduling, control each monitoring equipment and monitored time correlation and to comprise:
If A, B, C, D are four the adjacent automatic water quality monitoring equipment swimming over to downstream on basin, river course, if TBMoment B device finds that certain water quality parameter exceedes the normality threshold scope of setting at first, then the time that pollutent is arrived its adjacent monitoring equipment by Administrative Unit carries out association and solves, and method of calculation are as follows:
When the upstream node that A is B, and v0> vB, wherein v0For the velocity of diffusion of this pollutent in hydrostatic, vBFor the flow velocity at B point place, then Pollutants Diffusion is to upstream node A, moment TAFor:
T A = T B + S AB v 0 - v B
Wherein, SBCFor the river course distance of A, B point-to-point transmission
When the downstream node that C is B, then pollutent arrives the moment T of C pointCFor:
T C = T B + S BC v 0 + v B
Wherein, SBCFor the river course distance of B, C point-to-point transmission, vBFor the flow velocity at B point place;
Controlling of sampling instruction is sent to A, C monitoring equipment by Administrative Unit, respectively at TAAnd TCMoment starts intensive water quality sampling, if A point or C point also exist the phenomenon that certain water quality parameter exceedes the normality threshold scope of setting, then its adjacent flow domain node is repeated above-mentioned steps.
Preferably, the method also comprises when any automatic water quality monitoring establishes the water quality parameter of collection super threshold condition occur, alarm issued in several ways by monitoring water quality platform, comprise webpage alarm and SMS alarm prompting, flow to according to the basin in river course at page end, point out the regional extent that current overproof water quality occurs, and set different alarm display modes according to the degree of exceeding standard, slightly exceed standard for orange, severe overweight are redness.
The present invention at least has following useful effect:
1, the present invention is by carrying out monitoring time correlation at multiple automatic water quality monitoring equipment room, ensure that and catches small-scale, the random blowdown imagination to greatest extent.
2, the present invention adopts on-line monitoring and sampling to back up the method combined, and ensures and improve the monitoring accuracy of automatic water quality monitoring equipment.
3, the present invention proposes the method for online ultrasonic cleaning, the probe before water quality monitoring (WQM) and in monitoring is cleaned, the situation that the parameter measurement avoiding water body impurity, hydrobiontic algae or microorganism the covering of probe or pollution to be caused is inaccurate. In addition, probe is not caused abrasion by ultrasonic cleaning mode, can effectively extend the work-ing life of probe.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, it is briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of river water quality Monitoring systems in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the schema of river water quality monitoring method in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is automatic water quality monitoring equipment work method flow diagram in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is monitoring water quality working platform method flow diagram in one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
For making the object of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete description, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments. Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making other embodiments all obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of river water quality Monitoring systems, see Fig. 1, comprises monitoring water quality platform 101 and is deployed on river course to be monitored multiple automatic water quality monitoring equipment 102 according to certain spacer portion, wherein,
Automatic water quality monitoring equipment 102, for automatically obtaining water quality parameter observed value, comprising:
Water quality parameter perception and transducing unit 1020, comprise acquisition module and signal transmitting module, and wherein acquisition module comprises water temperature probe, pH value probe, dissolved oxygen probe, conductivity probe, turbidity probe tip, flow velocity probe, for gathering each water quality parameter; Signal transmitting module, for the observed value of each water quality parameter of each probe acquires is converted into electrical signal, send gives process and control unit, and signal transmitting module generally exports as 4-20mA electric current signal or 0-5V voltage signal.
Sampling of water quality unit 1021, comprise and adopt water pipe, miniature peristaltic pump, water sample storage bottle, for carrying out sampling of water quality according to control command, water sample can be used as the further confirmation to automatic probe monitors data, it is possible to as the expansion monitoring of other complicated water quality parameters, the suction nozzle adopting water pipe should near each probe, generally, unitary sampling amount is 10-500ml, inhales journey and is generally less than 5 meters, serial sampling is minimum is spaced apart 2 minutes, and maximum water sample bottle quantity is 10.
Process and control unit 1022, comprise analog to digital conversion module, treater, memory module and clock module, for the electrical signal that Received signal strength transmitting module sends, corresponding numerary signal is obtained after analog-to-digital conversion resume module, treater is according to the apperceive characteristic of each probe prestored in memory module and obtains corresponding numerary signal after analog-to-digital conversion resume module, obtain the water quality parameter observed value of each probe, it is sent to data communication units;
Process and control unit 1022 are also for acquisition module transmission control order, control sampling of water quality unit carries out sampling of water quality;
Data communication units 1023, for being sent to monitoring water quality platform by the water quality parameter observed value of each probe;
Power adaptation unit 1024, adaptive for completing the conversion of different input voltage, for each unit of automatic water quality monitoring equipment provides Power supply, wherein input voltage can support that 220V exchanges city's electricity, it is possible to supports solar cell for supplying power.
Monitoring water quality platform 101, for being managed by described multiple automatic water quality monitoring equipment, comprising:
Data sink storage unit 1010, for receiving the water quality parameter observed value of each probe that all automatic water quality monitoring equipment reports, and stores;
Data are made a report on and edit cell 1011, and for the laboratory measurements according to described sampling of water quality, the water quality parameter observed value of each probe reported by automatic water quality monitoring equipment carries out expansion and makes a report on, and the probe measurement data that there is fault carry out editor and revises;
User shows and interactive unit 1012, for showing real-time water monitoring data, and inquiring and browsing of historical data is provided, it is provided that the Configuration Values of automatic water quality monitoring equipment is set by user, comprises the setting of the normal acquisition timed interval, each parameter normality threshold scope, single sampling of water quality amount;
Administrative Unit 1013, for the Configuration Values of user is issued to automatic water quality monitoring equipment, and when water quality occurs extremely, the collection monitoring time of each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room is carried out overall calculating and scheduling, control each monitoring equipment and monitored time correlation.
Wherein, described data communication units supports multiple signalling methods, comprise 3G/GPRS, Ethernet, Zigbee, WIFI and RS232/485 wire communication, when specifically using, a kind of mode can be selected to carry out being connected alternately with monitoring water quality platform according to actual service condition, for villages and small towns river water quality Monitoring systems, Infrastructure is limited, general preferred 3G/GPRS signalling methods.
Wherein, described automatic water quality monitoring equipment also comprises ultrasonic cleaner, for described each probe being cleaned before each probe carries out water quality parameter collection and in gathering, water body impurity, hydrobiontic algae or microorganism is avoided to cause parameter measurement to be forbidden the covering of probe or pollution, probe is not caused abrasion by ultrasonic cleaning mode, can effectively extend the work-ing life of probe.
Wherein, described monitoring water quality platform also comprises data processing and warning unit, when water quality occurs extremely, namely when super threshold condition occurs in the water quality parameter that any automatic water quality monitoring equipment gathers, data processing and warning unit issue alarm in several ways, comprise webpage alarm and SMS alarm prompting, flow to according to the basin in river course at page end, point out the regional extent that current overproof water quality occurs, and set different alarm display modes according to the degree of exceeding standard, slightly exceed standard for orange, severe overweight are redness.
When described Administrative Unit occurs extremely in water quality, namely when super threshold condition occurs in the water quality parameter that any automatic water quality monitoring equipment gathers, data processing and warning unit issue alarm, manage the collection monitoring time to each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room simultaneously and carry out overall calculating and scheduling, controlled monitoring time correlation of each monitoring equipment and comprised:
If A, B, C, D are four the adjacent automatic water quality monitoring equipment swimming over to downstream on basin, river course, if TBMoment B device finds that certain water quality parameter exceedes the normality threshold scope of setting at first, then the time that pollutent is arrived its adjacent monitoring equipment by Administrative Unit carries out association and solves, and method of calculation are as follows:
When the upstream node that A is B, and v0> vB, wherein v0For the velocity of diffusion of this pollutent in hydrostatic, vBFor the flow velocity at B point place, then Pollutants Diffusion is to upstream node A, moment TAFor:
T A = T B + S AB v 0 - v B
Wherein, SBCFor the river course distance of A, B point-to-point transmission
When the downstream node that C is B, then pollutent arrives the moment T of C pointCFor:
T C = T B + S BC v 0 + v B
Wherein, SBCFor the river course distance of B, C point-to-point transmission, vBFor the flow velocity at B point place;
Controlling of sampling instruction is sent to A, C monitoring equipment by Administrative Unit, respectively at TAAnd TCMoment starts intensive water quality sampling, if A point or C point also exist the phenomenon that certain water quality parameter exceedes the normality threshold scope of setting, then its adjacent flow domain node is repeated above-mentioned steps.
The embodiment of the present invention, by carrying out monitoring time correlation at multiple automatic water quality monitoring equipment room, ensure that and catches small-scale, the random blowdown imagination to greatest extent. The present embodiment adopts multiple probe on-line monitoring and the sampling of sampling of water quality unit to back up the method combined in addition, ensures and improve the monitoring accuracy of automatic water quality monitoring equipment.
Another embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of river water quality monitoring method, and see Fig. 2, the method comprises:
Step 201: the water temperature probe in acquisition module, pH value probe, dissolved oxygen probe, conductivity probe, turbidity probe tip, flow velocity probe gather each water quality parameter; The control command that sampling of water quality unit issues according to process and control unit carries out sampling of water quality.
In this step, each probe is responsible for gathering water quality parameter observed value with the predetermined normal acquisition timed interval, and described probe is not limited to above several. Sampling of water quality unit is used under process with the control of control unit intermittently collect water sample, generally, single time sampling of water quality amount is 10-500ml, and the water sample of collection can be used as the further confirmation to automatic probe monitors data, it is possible to as the expansion monitoring of other complicated water quality parameters. Before each water quality parameter of each probe acquires in acquisition module and in the process of each water quality parameter of collection, described each probe is cleaned by ultrasonic cleaner.
Step 202: the observed value of each water quality parameter of each probe acquires is converted into electrical signal by signal transmitting module, send gives process and control unit.
In this step, the observed value of each types of probes is converted into electrical signal by signal transmitting module, and general output is 4-20mA electric current signal or 0-5V voltage signal.
Step 203: the electrical signal that process sends with control unit Received signal strength transmitting module, corresponding numerary signal is obtained after analog-to-digital conversion resume module, treater is according to the apperceive characteristic of each probe prestored in memory module and obtains corresponding numerary signal after analog-to-digital conversion resume module, obtain the water quality parameter observed value of each probe, it is sent to data communication units.
Step 204: the water quality parameter observed value of each probe is sent to monitoring water quality platform by data communication units.
In this step, data communication units supports that the water quality parameter observed value of each probe is sent to monitoring water quality platform by multiple signalling methods, comprises 3G/GPRS, Ethernet, Zigbee, WIFI and RS232/485 wire communication. When specifically using, a kind of mode can being selected to carry out being connected alternately with monitoring water quality platform according to actual service condition, for villages and small towns river water quality Monitoring systems, Infrastructure is limited, general preferred 3G/GPRS signalling methods.
Step 205: monitoring water quality platform receives the water quality parameter observed value of each probe that all automatic water quality monitoring equipment reports, and stores.
Step 206: monitoring water quality platform is according to the laboratory measurements of described sampling of water quality, and the water quality parameter observed value of each probe reported by automatic water quality monitoring equipment carries out expansion and makes a report on, and the probe measurement data that there is fault are carried out editor and revises.
Step 207: monitoring water quality platform is responsible for showing real-time water monitoring data, and inquiring and browsing of historical data is provided, there is provided user to be set by the Configuration Values of automatic water quality monitoring equipment, comprise the setting of the normal acquisition timed interval, each parameter normality threshold scope, single sampling of water quality amount.
Step 208: the Configuration Values of user is issued to automatic water quality monitoring equipment, and when water quality occurs extremely, the collection monitoring time of each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room is carried out overall calculating and scheduling, control each monitoring equipment and monitored time correlation.
In this step, when water quality occurs extremely, namely when any automatic water quality monitoring establishes the water quality parameter of collection super threshold condition occur, alarm issued in several ways by monitoring water quality platform, comprise webpage alarm and SMS alarm prompting, flow to according to the basin in river course at page end, point out the regional extent that current overproof water quality occurs, and set different alarm display modes according to the degree of exceeding standard, slightly exceed standard for orange, severe overweight are redness.
Water quality is abnormal occur time, monitoring water quality platform starts the collection monitoring time to each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room and carries out overall calculating and scheduling, control each monitoring equipment and has monitored time correlation and to comprise:
If A, B, C, D are four the adjacent automatic water quality monitoring equipment swimming over to downstream on basin, river course, if TBMoment B device finds that certain water quality parameter exceedes the normality threshold scope of setting at first, then the time that pollutent is arrived its adjacent monitoring equipment by Administrative Unit carries out association and solves, and method of calculation are as follows:
When the upstream node that A is B, and v0> vB, wherein v0For the velocity of diffusion of this pollutent in hydrostatic, vBFor the flow velocity at B point place, then Pollutants Diffusion is to upstream node A, moment TAFor:
T A = T B + S AB v 0 - v B
Wherein, SBCFor the river course distance of A, B point-to-point transmission
When the downstream node that C is B, then pollutent arrives the moment T of C pointCFor:
T C = T B + S BC v 0 + v B
Wherein, SBCFor the river course distance of B, C point-to-point transmission, vBFor the flow velocity at B point place;
Controlling of sampling instruction is sent to A, C monitoring equipment by Administrative Unit, respectively at TAAnd TCMoment starts intensive water quality sampling, if A point or C point also exist the phenomenon that certain water quality parameter exceedes the normality threshold scope of setting, then its adjacent flow domain node is repeated above-mentioned steps.
The embodiment of the present invention, by carrying out monitoring time correlation at multiple automatic water quality monitoring equipment room, ensure that and catches small-scale, the random blowdown imagination to greatest extent. The present embodiment adopts on-line monitoring and sampling to back up the method combined in addition, ensures and improve the monitoring accuracy of automatic water quality monitoring equipment.
Below with a concrete example, the working process of river water quality monitoring method of the present invention is described in detail.
Generally, the deployed position of system water quality automated monitor answers that focal selection is imported and exported in river hinging section, river course, near fixing blowdown point (sewage water discharge mouth, villager is fixing clean point etc.) and part river course camber big, the current not region such as freely, can reflect basin, river course overall water quality situation by the deployment of monitoring equipment.
Wherein, the working process of automatic water quality monitoring equipment can see Fig. 3, and automatic water quality monitoring equipment work is divided into normal monitoring pattern and special monitoring pattern. Under normal monitoring pattern, equipment carries out the collection monitoring of water quality parameter by default period distances and data back reports, and the monitoring periods preset is by the configuration that sends instructions under monitoring water quality platform. Monitoring data is judged by equipment by default threshold range, if certain parameter monitoring value exceeds preset threshold range, then equipment proceeds to the intensive monitoring stage and carries out sampling of water quality, the record sampling of water quality time, sample time and water sample bottle numbering passback are reported monitor supervision platform, as current water sample bottle numbering has been greater than maximum water sample bottle quantity, then abandon current sampling of water quality, and return the full mistake code of water sample bottle to monitoring water quality platform. In the intensive monitoring stage, water quality parameter is monitored by monitoring equipment with less acquisition interval, intensive sampling interval is generally 2-5 minute, by the data of intensive sampling, monitoring water quality platform judges that the pollutent of current monitoring point is in rapid increase, the basic stable or state that dissipates gradually, in order to determine monitoring policy and the alert levels of other contiguous monitoring points. Namely the action instruction that monitoring equipment receives monitoring water quality platform enters special monitoring pattern, carries out the actions such as perception monitoring or sampling of water quality according to action instruction, returns to normal monitoring pattern after completing. The sensor probe of monitoring equipment needs regularly or irregularly to carry out cleaning or again demarcating.
The water quality monitoring (WQM) equipment interval set time can send " heartbeat " to monitoring water quality platform, and this set time length is slightly distinguished according to network communication mode difference, and for 3G/GPRS network, this time span can preferably be set to 4-5 minute. In water quality monitoring (WQM) equipment, the working order of each module unifies management and running by processing with control unit, by the control to power adaptation unit, the power supply supply situation of other modules is regulated. When needs carry out environmental parameter perception collection, process is connected perception and transducing unit power supply with control unit, after perception collection completes, disconnects perception and transducing unit power supply, carries out data conversion and processes; When if desired carrying out sampling of water quality, it is connected sampling of water quality unit power supply, carries out sampling of water quality, after completing, disconnect power supply; The data communication units most of the time is in dormant state, when needs carry out data corresponding, wake row data of going forward side by side by control unit up and report work, after completing work at present, process and control unit self also enter dormant state, by self clock module or monitoring water quality platform wake instruction.
Wherein, the working process of monitoring water quality platform can see Fig. 4, and monitoring water quality platform receives automated monitor by certain default network address port and returns the data reported, and stores. The water sample that regular collecting device gathers, carry out lab analysis, obtain the water quality parameter numerical value that some are difficult to adopt on-line monitoring mode to obtain, as: ammonia nitrogen, permanganate index, total phosphorus, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) etc., the interval of analytical parameters and collection water sample is relevant, and the partial parameters of considerable change can not occur at this moment. On-line monitoring result is exceeded to the water sample of predetermined threshold value, also need to detect aforementioned conventional water quality parameter, for contrast verification automatic water quality monitoring equipment whether normal operation and precision of respectively popping one's head in, if Analytical Laboratory Results and monitoring of equipment result exceed each probe accuracy rating, then need each probe is cleaned or again demarcated, if differing greatly, then need to consider to change probe or detection remover apparatus other problems. The result of lab analysis is made a report on by the data of monitoring water quality platform to manually and carries out making a report on typing with edit cell, for inconsistent with automated monitor result, adopt editor's pattern, in order to equipment failure situation is carried out statistical study, make a report on data and all unified storage of equipment passback data, process.
By obtaining, the data stored carry out WEB page displaying by user's display module to monitoring water quality platform, and the content of displaying comprises real time data, all historical data etc., also can carry out data statistic analysis etc. according to customer need. the monitoring periods of each monitoring equipment, the alarm threshold value etc. of different parameters are carried out personalized setting, and are managed for configuration by all monitoring equipments by the Administrative Unit of monitoring water quality platform by interactive module by user. Administrative Unit is except configuring aforesaid device operational parameter, the geographical position also recorded and preserve between each monitoring equipment and stream footpath, river course information, when certain monitoring equipment monitoring index exceeds threshold value, namely there is pollutant emission phenomenon, Administrative Unit is according to the flow velocity of river situation of current each equipment, contaminant stream was estimated to the time with diffusion, and control each monitoring equipment and estimate that the intensive collection that carries out around time arriving each monitoring point is monitored at pollutent, by urban river water flow path direction, pollutent often arrives a monitoring point, just again estimate the association acquisition time of upstream device according to up-to-date data by Administrative Unit. the automated monitor that pollutent has arrived region maintains special monitoring pattern under the scheduling of Administrative Unit, and concrete mode is:
If A, B, C, D are four the adjacent automatic water quality monitoring equipment swimming over to downstream on basin, river course, if TBMoment B device finds that certain water quality parameter exceedes the normality threshold scope of setting at first, then the time that pollutent is arrived its adjacent monitoring equipment by Administrative Unit carries out association and solves, and method of calculation are as follows:
When the upstream node that A is B, and v0> vB, wherein v0For the velocity of diffusion of this pollutent in hydrostatic, vBFor the flow velocity at B point place, then Pollutants Diffusion is to upstream node A, moment TAFor:
T A = T B + S AB v 0 - v B
Wherein, SBCFor the river course distance of A, B point-to-point transmission
When the downstream node that C is B, then pollutent arrives the moment T of C pointCFor:
T C = T B + S BC v 0 + v B
Wherein, SBCFor the river course distance of B, C point-to-point transmission, vBFor the flow velocity at B point place;
Controlling of sampling instruction is sent to A, C monitoring equipment by Administrative Unit, respectively at TAAnd TCMoment starts intensive water quality sampling, if A point or C point also exist the phenomenon that certain water quality parameter exceedes the normality threshold scope of setting, then its adjacent flow domain node is repeated above-mentioned steps.
Do you finally judge that Pollutant levels rise according to nearest three monitoring indexes? as risen, then maintain intensive collection, as do not risen, then progressively extend and gather monitoring time interval, until equipment recovers normal monitoring pattern. For avoiding sampling of water quality frequently, after equipment enters special monitoring pattern, only carrying out sampling of water quality at Pollutant levels highest point, namely the flex point place of super threshold monitor parameter disengaging ascendant trend carries out sampling of water quality.
When the super threshold condition of water quality parameter occurs in any monitoring equipment, data processing and warning unit issue alarm to management personnel in several ways, and mode includes but not limited to, webpage alarm and SMS alarm prompting. Flow to according to the basin in river course at page end, point out the regional extent that current overproof water quality occurs, and set different alarm display modes according to the degree of exceeding standard, slightly exceed standard for orange, severe overweight are redness.
, the feature such as precision lower, sensor fault rate height few for online water quality monitoring (WQM) perceptual parameters, the embodiment of the present invention provides the design that online water quality monitoring (WQM) combines with crucial sampling of water quality, sensor online is mainly used during routine monitoring, water sample sampling can regularly or be manually set by monitoring water quality platform, for the water quality sampling monitoring of population parameter. In addition, when online monitoring data is abnormal, the method can carry out exception water quality sampling automatically, obtains first hand polluted water sample, no matter it is the further analysis to source of pollution, pollution condition, or sensor calibration is all of great significance with malfunction elimination.
Water quality monitoring (WQM) time frequency under normal circumstances is lower, missing inspection is easily caused for river course, villages and small towns small-scale, scattered sexual life sewage, for the deficiency of the complete independent perception monitoring of monitoring equipment each in prior art, the present invention provides gather cognitive method a kind of time correlation, after source of pollution occur, carry out Pollutants Diffusion situation calculating and estimate, and carry out the intensive collection monitoring of specific aim, enable the changing conditions of the complete embodiment water quality of monitoring data. For part sanitary sewage; as velocity of diffusion is fast; concentration reduces rapidly; the self-purification capacity of water body then can be relied on to eliminate; comprehensively complete monitoring data is the basis of objective comprehensive reflection villages and small towns river channel ecology environmental construction, for river water quality research improvement, scientific conservation provide data data and technical support.
Above embodiment only for illustration of the technical scheme of the present invention, is not intended to limit; Although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, it will be understood by those within the art that: the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments still can be modified by it, or wherein part technology feature is carried out equivalent replacement; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the spirit and scope of the essence disengaging various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme of appropriate technical solution.

Claims (8)

1. a river water quality Monitoring systems, it is characterised in that, comprise monitoring water quality platform and it is deployed on river course to be monitored multiple automatic water quality monitoring equipment according to certain spacer portion, wherein,
Automatic water quality monitoring equipment, for automatically obtaining water quality parameter observed value, comprising:
Water quality parameter perception and transducing unit, comprise acquisition module and signal transmitting module, and wherein acquisition module comprises water temperature probe, pH value probe, dissolved oxygen probe, conductivity probe, turbidity probe tip and flow velocity probe, for gathering each water quality parameter; Signal transmitting module, for each water quality parameter observed value of each probe acquires is converted into electrical signal, send gives process and control unit;
Sampling of water quality unit, comprises and adopts water pipe, miniature peristaltic pump and water sample storage bottle, for carrying out sampling of water quality according to control command;
Process and control unit, comprise analog to digital conversion module, treater, memory module and clock module, for the electrical signal that Received signal strength transmitting module sends, corresponding numerary signal is obtained after analog to digital conversion resume module, treater is according to the apperceive characteristic of each probe prestored in memory module and obtains corresponding numerary signal after analog to digital conversion resume module, obtain the water quality parameter observed value of each probe, it is sent to data communication units;
Process and control unit are also for acquisition module transmission control order, control sampling of water quality unit carries out sampling of water quality;
Data communication units, for being sent to monitoring water quality platform by the water quality parameter observed value of each probe;
Power adaptation unit, adaptive for completing the conversion of different input voltage, for each unit of automatic water quality monitoring equipment provides Power supply;
Monitoring water quality platform, for being managed by described multiple automatic water quality monitoring equipment, comprising:
Data sink storage unit, for receiving the water quality parameter observed value of each probe that all automatic water quality monitoring equipment reports, and stores;
Data are made a report on and edit cell, and for the laboratory measurements according to described sampling of water quality, the water quality parameter observed value of each probe reported by automatic water quality monitoring equipment carries out expansion and makes a report on, and the probe measurement data that there is fault carry out editor and revises;
User shows and interactive unit, for showing real-time water monitoring data, and inquiring and browsing of historical data is provided, it is provided that the Configuration Values of automatic water quality monitoring equipment is set by user, comprises the setting of the normal acquisition timed interval, each parameter normality threshold scope and single sampling of water quality amount;
Administrative Unit, for the Configuration Values of user is issued to automatic water quality monitoring equipment, and when water quality occurs extremely, the collection monitoring time of each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room being carried out overall calculating and scheduling, the time correlation having controlled each automatic water quality monitoring equipment monitors;
Wherein, described Administrative Unit water quality is abnormal occur time, the collection monitoring time of each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room is carried out overall calculating and scheduling, time correlation control each automatic water quality monitoring equipment monitors and comprises:
If A, B, C, D are four the adjacent automatic water quality monitoring equipment swimming over to downstream on basin, river course, if TBMoment B automatic water quality monitoring equipment finds that certain water quality parameter exceedes the normality threshold scope of setting at first, then perform following steps F:
The time that pollutent is arrived its adjacent automatic water quality monitoring equipment by Administrative Unit carries out association and solves, and method of calculation are as follows:
When the upstream node that A automatic water quality monitoring equipment is B automatic water quality monitoring equipment, and v0> vB, wherein v0For the velocity of diffusion of this pollutent in hydrostatic, vBFor the flow velocity at B automatic water quality monitoring equipment place, then Pollutants Diffusion is to the moment T of upstream node A automatic water quality monitoring equipmentAFor:
T A = T B + S A B v 0 - v B
Wherein, SABFor A, B two river course distance of automatic water quality monitoring equipment room;
When the downstream node that C automatic water quality monitoring equipment is B automatic water quality monitoring equipment, then pollutent arrives the moment T of C automatic water quality monitoring equipmentCFor:
T C = T B + S B C v 0 + v B
Wherein, SBCFor B, C two river course distance of automatic water quality monitoring equipment room, vBFor the flow velocity at B automatic water quality monitoring equipment place;
Controlling of sampling instruction is sent to A, C automatic water quality monitoring equipment by Administrative Unit, respectively at TAAnd TCMoment starts intensive water quality sampling, if A automatic water quality monitoring equipment or C automatic water quality monitoring equipment also exist the phenomenon that certain water quality parameter exceedes the normality threshold scope of setting, then its adjacent flow domain node is repeated above-mentioned steps F.
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, described data communication units supports multiple signalling methods, comprises 3G/GPRS, Ethernet, Zigbee, WIFI and RS232/485 wire communication.
3. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, described automatic water quality monitoring equipment also comprises ultrasonic cleaner, for being cleaned by described each probe before each probe carries out water quality parameter collection and in gathering.
4. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described monitoring water quality platform also comprises data processing and warning unit, when there is super threshold condition in the water quality parameter that any automatic water quality monitoring equipment gathers, data processing and warning unit issue alarm in several ways, comprise webpage alarm and SMS alarm prompting, flow to according to the basin in river course at page end, point out the regional extent that current overproof water quality occurs, and set different alarm display modes according to the degree of exceeding standard, slightly exceed standard for orange, severe overweight are redness.
5. the river water quality monitoring method of system described in an application rights requirement 1, it is characterised in that, the method comprises:
S1. each water quality parameter of each probe acquires in acquisition module; The control command that sampling of water quality unit issues according to process and control unit carries out sampling of water quality;
S2. each water quality parameter observed value of each probe acquires is converted into electrical signal by signal transmitting module, and send gives process and control unit;
S3. the electrical signal that process sends with control unit Received signal strength transmitting module, corresponding numerary signal is obtained after analog to digital conversion resume module, treater is according to the apperceive characteristic of each probe prestored in memory module and obtains corresponding numerary signal after analog to digital conversion resume module, obtain the water quality parameter observed value of each probe, it is sent to data communication units;
S4. the water quality parameter observed value of each probe is sent to monitoring water quality platform by data communication units;
S5. monitoring water quality platform receives the water quality parameter observed value of each probe that all automatic water quality monitoring equipment reports, and stores;
S6. monitoring water quality platform is according to the laboratory measurements of described sampling of water quality, and the water quality parameter observed value of each probe reported by automatic water quality monitoring equipment carries out expansion and makes a report on, and the probe measurement data that there is fault carries out editor and revises;
S7 monitoring water quality platform is responsible for showing real-time water monitoring data, and inquiring and browsing of historical data is provided, there is provided user to be set by the Configuration Values of automatic water quality monitoring equipment, comprise the setting of the normal acquisition timed interval, each parameter normality threshold scope and single sampling of water quality amount;
S8. the Configuration Values of user being issued to automatic water quality monitoring equipment, and when water quality occurs extremely, the collection monitoring time of each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room is carried out overall calculating and scheduling, the time correlation having controlled each automatic water quality monitoring equipment monitors;
Wherein, in described S8 water quality is abnormal occur time, the collection monitoring time of each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room is carried out overall calculating and scheduling, time correlation control each automatic water quality monitoring equipment monitors and comprises:
If A, B, C, D are four the adjacent automatic water quality monitoring equipment swimming over to downstream on basin, river course, if TBMoment B automatic water quality monitoring equipment finds that certain water quality parameter exceedes the normality threshold scope of setting at first, then perform following steps F:
The time that pollutent is arrived its adjacent automatic water quality monitoring equipment by Administrative Unit carries out association and solves, and method of calculation are as follows:
When the upstream node that A automatic water quality monitoring equipment is B automatic water quality monitoring equipment, and v0> vB, wherein v0For the velocity of diffusion of this pollutent in hydrostatic, vBFor the flow velocity at B automatic water quality monitoring equipment place, then Pollutants Diffusion is to the moment T of upstream node A automatic water quality monitoring equipmentAFor:
T A = T B + S A B v 0 - v B
Wherein, SABFor A, B two river course distance of automatic water quality monitoring equipment room;
When the downstream node that C automatic water quality monitoring equipment is B automatic water quality monitoring equipment, then pollutent arrives the moment T of C automatic water quality monitoring equipmentCFor:
T C = T B + S B C v 0 + v B
Wherein, SBCFor B, C two river course distance of automatic water quality monitoring equipment room, vBFor the flow velocity at B automatic water quality monitoring equipment place;
Controlling of sampling instruction is sent to A, C automatic water quality monitoring equipment by Administrative Unit, respectively at TAAnd TCMoment starts intensive water quality sampling, if A automatic water quality monitoring equipment or C automatic water quality monitoring equipment also exist the phenomenon that certain water quality parameter exceedes the normality threshold scope of setting, then its adjacent flow domain node is repeated above-mentioned steps F.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, in described S4, data communication units supports that the water quality parameter observed value of each probe is sent to monitoring water quality platform by multiple signalling methods, comprises 3G/GPRS, Ethernet, Zigbee, WIFI and RS232/485 wire communication.
7. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that, in described S1, before each water quality parameter of each probe acquires in acquisition module and in the process of each water quality parameter of collection, described each probe is cleaned by ultrasonic cleaner.
8. method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the method also comprises when super threshold condition occurs in the water quality parameter that any automatic water quality monitoring equipment gathers, alarm issued in several ways by monitoring water quality platform, comprise webpage alarm and SMS alarm prompting, flow to according to the basin in river course at page end, point out the regional extent that current overproof water quality occurs, and set different alarm display modes according to the degree of exceeding standard, slightly exceed standard for orange, severe overweight are redness.
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