CN103984269A - General testing method for mechanical timer - Google Patents
General testing method for mechanical timer Download PDFInfo
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- CN103984269A CN103984269A CN201410235063.5A CN201410235063A CN103984269A CN 103984269 A CN103984269 A CN 103984269A CN 201410235063 A CN201410235063 A CN 201410235063A CN 103984269 A CN103984269 A CN 103984269A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a general testing method for a mechanical timer. The general testing method includes the following steps that firstly, an optical fiber generator is used for irradiating at one end of a balance wheel of the measured mechanical timer, collection is conducted at the other end of the balance wheel through an optical fiber sensor, and pulse signals converted after light beams penetrate through the balance wheel are obtained; secondly, the collected pulse signals are transmitted to an MCU, wherein the MCU is a micro-control unit or a single chip microcomputer; thirdly, the pulse signals are counted and processed through the MCU, and the swinging angle and the corresponding measuring time of the balance wheel are obtained, displayed through a display and stored into a storage of the MCU. According to the general testing method for the mechanical timer, based on long-time studying of the structure of the mechanical timer and repeated tests, the general testing method for the mechanical timer is provided and used for testing the performance indexes of all kinds of mechanical timers. An effective method for testing the performance of all kinds of mechanical timers is provided, the timing time of the mechanical timers can be accurately measured, and the timing time can be displayed.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical timer test, be specifically related to a kind of method of testing of general mechanical timer.
[background technology]
Although electronic timer has been invented for many years, mechanical timer is still because many advantages such as its reliability is high, cheap, easy to operate, easy to maintenance are still widely used.Mechanical timer is applied in various device widely, in the household electrical appliance such as washing machine, electric fan, micro-wave oven, electric heater, is used for the working time of set device etc.; In addition mechanical timer can not be subject to the characteristic of electromagnetic interference (EMI) because of it, be widely used in military equipment, as the timer of shell, bomb the inside, the particularly use of EMP/T Bomb in modern war, can make some equipment to lose efficacy moment, mechanical timer is intrinsic characteristic therefore, is not subject to the impact of electromagnetic interference (EMI), is therefore still widely used in military affairs.
The accuracy of timing is the most important performance parameter of mechanical timer, yet the accuracy of the timing of mechanical timer is really difficult for measuring.Mechanical timer essence is a clockwork, and timing just corresponding pointer turns over how many angles, however the general simple method of the measurement neither one of this angle.
Especially, the parameter of mechanical timer is different, structure is various, having timing is one minute, having timing is twenty four hours, therefore a lot of test macros just can be measured for the mechanical timer of a certain type, be changed to the timer of another model, test macro just cannot be used, and Zhe Yegei manufacturer buys testing apparatus and brought extra cost.
Use mimic channel, discrete device that some old mechanical timer test macros are a large amount of, high, the easy break-down of cost not only, measuring accuracy is also not high.
Based on above reason, the method for testing of a kind of general mechanical timer of exigence, makes each timer manufacturer performance index of measurement timer easily.
[summary of the invention]
The object of the invention is to for deficiency of the prior art, a kind of method of testing of general mechanical timer is provided, this method of testing, on the basis of further investigation mechanical timer structure, has proposed to measure by the escapement number of oscillations of measurement mechanical timer the method for timing.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A method of testing for general mechanical timer, comprises the following steps:
1) in one end of the escapement of tested mechanical timer, use optical fiber generator to irradiate, at its other end, by Fibre Optical Sensor, gather, obtain the pulse signal that light beam converts to after through escapement;
2) pulse signal collecting is transferred to MCU, wherein, MCU is micro-control unit or single-chip microcomputer;
3) MCU pulse signals is counted processing, obtains the pendulum angle of escapement and corresponding Measuring Time, is shown and deposited in the storer of MCU by display.
The present invention further improves and is, step 1) in, fiber optic emitter adopts Omron OMRON E3X-DZ21-S2M; Fibre Optical Sensor adopts Omron OMRON E3X-DZ21-S2M.
The present invention further improves and is, step 2) in, MCU adopts the TI MSP430 of Texas Instrument.
The present invention further improves and is, step 3) in, display is liquid crystal display.
With respect to prior art, the method for testing of a kind of general mechanical timer of the present invention, has following technique effect:
1, propose to determine timing by measurement timer escapement number of oscillations, thinking of the present invention is novel, and degree of accuracy is high, method of testing, than previous methods, improves at least one the order of magnitude;
2, whole test macro is realized easily, and tester is easy to use intuitively, and system versatility is high, extensibility is strong;
3, whole test macro Measuring Time precision reaches 0.001s, tests stream time at every turn and is not less than 48 hours, and 15 days mean times between failures, test macro is stable, antijamming capability is strong.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the method for testing of a kind of general mechanical timer of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is system hardware structure figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is system software structure figure of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is system program process flow diagram of the present invention.
[embodiment]
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Referring to Fig. 1, the method for testing of a kind of general mechanical timer of the present invention, for the timing of measurement mechanical timer accurately, and timing is shown and with use RS232 to communicate by letter with host computer, comprise the following steps:
1) in one end of the escapement 1 of tested mechanical timer, use optical fiber generator 2 to irradiate, at its other end, by Fibre Optical Sensor 3, gather, obtain the pulse signal that light beam converts to after through escapement 1; Wherein, fiber optic emitter 2 adopts Omron OMRON E3X-DZ21-S2M; Fibre Optical Sensor 3 adopts Omron OMRON E3X-DZ21-S2M.
2) pulse signal collecting is transferred to MCU, wherein, MCU is micro-control unit or single-chip microcomputer, and it adopts the TI MSP430 of Texas Instrument.
3) MCU pulse signals is counted processing, obtains the pendulum angle of escapement 1 and corresponding Measuring Time, is shown and deposited in the storer of MCU by liquid crystal display.
Specifically, the present invention includes following steps:
The first step, the mechanical part Position Design of system.For fear of the error that in measurement, vibrations bring, timer mechanical devices location must be accurately.Because system is that the swing of escapement 1 is measured, and the size of escapement 1 is smaller comparatively speaking, serious measuring error will definitely not brought in location.The accurate suitable stationary installation of selection to different difformity timing devices, contacts the solid reliable and discord device turning axle of stationary installation.
Second step, builds embedded development testing hardware platform according to the input and output amount of test macro and main controlled device.Input quantity is the number of times that escapement 1 swings, and output quantity is timer time test result, and main controlled device is that optical fiber passes the pulse signal converting to after escapement 1 swings.By collect pulse signal be sent to MCU, by MCU, these pulse signals are counted and are obtained angle and Measuring Time after processing and be shown on LCD (liquid crystal display).Finally by button control whole system beginning, stop and parameter display.Wherein, MCU (Micro Control Unit) is micro-control unit or single-chip microcomputer.
The 3rd step, writes embedded development testing software according to the testing process of test macro and control strategy.The Software for Design of system is divided into two large divisions, embedded software part and the upper computer software of tester.Wherein the embedded software of tester partly comprises design, the machine Interaction Interface Design (record, demonstration and supervisory system state) of hardware drive program, the design of master routine (system is controlled and carried out flow process and idea and method).Driver is realized for the function of corresponding device, and as LCD display driving software, the program of human-computer interaction interface makes workman's convenient operation, more hommization; Machine Interaction Interface Design can record well, demonstration and supervisory system state; And master routine is in order to realize the whole function of system.By upper computer software, can carry out easily parameter setting, observation test result, carries out data analysis, and graphically shows;
Further specifically, this law is bright comprises the following steps:
The first step, transforms measuring object.On the basis of further investigation mechanical timer structure, propose to measure by the escapement number of oscillations of measurement timer the method for timing.All timing mechanisms are clockworks, and the rotating shaft of timer turns over once corresponding fixing escapement number of oscillations, and then can determine the angle that rotating shaft turns over by measuring escapement number of oscillations, so just can easily measure timing.
Vibrating mechanism is mainly comprised of escapement, balance staff, hairspring, index lever etc.The external force that is subject to escapement can depart from its equilibrium position and start to swing, and at this moment hairspring is just reversed and produces countermoment, the principle of mechanical clock repetitive cycling work in the running that Here it is.
Second step, builds MCU embedded hardware system platform, measures timing.After " beginning " button in measuring system is pressed, the locking device of timer is removed, escapement starts to swing, and starts escapement number of oscillations counting, and start timing when pushing button, when turning to, timer takes measurement of an angle, be that escapement was put certain number of times, namely counting reaches after certain, stops counting, and stopping timing, the time be now the timing that needs measurement.
● system hardware structure figure
Referring to Fig. 2, the whole hardware configuration of system comprises electronic section and mechanical part.
The hardware of system mainly comprises two parts, mechanical part and electronic section.Mechanical part is mainly timer fixture, is used for fixing mechanical timer, realizes the location of device and the installation of power device, makes the measurement that timer can be stable.
MCU: electronic section be take MCU as core, it in MCU, is the program of system, all functions are all that the processing computing by MCU realizes, and mainly comprise the setting of parameter and record, to the counting of timer escapement number of oscillations, number of oscillations is processed into driving and the serial communication that timing, LCD show;
Power supply: power unit is to be responsible for, to whole system power supply, providing 5V and 12V voltage;
Signals collecting: use and get to certain position compared with the light beam of high light amount, when swinging to this position, escapement will inevitably affect the light intensity of reflection ray, therefore the number of times that can determine that escapement swings by measuring catoptrical intensity, in the present invention, we have proposed to measure with high speed reflection-type optical fiber the swing of escapement.Therefore, Fibre Optical Sensor is used for realizing the collection of escapement swinging signal, and the signal gathering is converted to pulse signal, facilitates the processing of MCU;
Electromagnet: by the action of electromagnet, remove the locking of timing device, escapement starts to swing, and could start to measure;
Serial ports: realize setting and the modification of parameter by host computer, improve versatility and the extendability of system;
LCD: display measurement result and corresponding parameter;
Button: whole measuring process is controlled;
The workflow of system: after timing device is placed on worktable, press after the button that starts to measure, the locking of timing device is removed in electromagnet action, the escapement of timing device starts to swing, optical fiber is measured the swing of escapement is converted to pulse escapement, pulse is sent to MCU, MCU counts processing to these pulses, obtain angle and Measuring Time, angle and real-time being presented on LCD of Measuring Time meeting, and the work of whole system can be controlled by button, comprise beginning, stop can passing through by key control with parameter display.
The 3rd step, builds embedded software system, the timing that record measures.First carry out the initialization of system, (comprising the initialization of system clock, the initialization of I/O mouth, the initialization of serial ports, the initialization that LCD shows and the initialization of timer parameter).Timer parameter is stored in Flash.After initialization completes, by measuring escapement number of oscillations, when number of oscillations is counted, carry out timing, so just recorded the timing measuring.
● system software structure figure
Referring to Fig. 3, the software of system is divided into two large divisions, comprises hardware drive program and master routine.Driver is used for realizing the corresponding function of device, comprises Flash driving, serial port drive, liquid crystal drive.And master routine is in order to realize the whole function of system.
● system program process flow diagram
Referring to Fig. 4, the global procedures process flow diagram of system:
First be to carry out initialization, this is comprising the initialization of system clock, the initialization of I/O mouth, the initialization of serial ports, the initialization that LCD shows and the initialization of some parameters;
On LCD, to show corresponding fixed character with that.Then read the value in Flash, and calculate the parameter that system arranges.Parameter comprises the every degree umber of pulse taking measurement of an angle with timer;
Then open global interrupt.Whether system enters while (1) circulation, first detect and have parameter to import into from serial ports, if just have, write in Flash, and then read out, and calculating parameter.Parameter is read in Flash;
Whether then detect " beginning " button and press, if press this button, program enters corresponding keystroke handling program.
Referring to Fig. 4, the keystroke handling program flow diagram of system:
First be that counter is carried out to initialization, then the initialization survey time, then LCD is upper shows corresponding parameter, and then starts electromagnet, electromagnet can impact measuring element, the escapement of timer starts to swing, and counter starts counting, and the timer of MCU starts, start timing, arrive when taking measurement of an angle accordingly, just read corresponding time value, obtain Measuring Time;
Start after counter and timer starting keystroke handling program, because counter and timer are that system hardware interrupts, so program can parallel running other handling procedure.Be to detect " cancellation " button whether to press with that, if press, give up current measurement result.Detect " setting " button and whether press, if press, switch and show.Finally display update program, the time on the real-time dynamic renewal LCD of this part and the value of angle.Whole program is to be placed on while (1) circulation the inside meeting execution repeatedly.
The 4th step, obtains after timing, and it is upper to be presented at LCD, and the personnel of being convenient for measuring observe measurement result; When measuring, the parameters of timer and the parameter of measurement can be set, setting is, after being connected with host computer by RS232 by system, by upper computer software, to arrange.
Escapement for timing device is measured, timer pointer turns over 1 degree, the number of oscillations of goods of furniture for display rather than for use is probably 41 times (distinct device timer pointer angle corresponding goods of furniture for display rather than for use number of oscillations different), by the number of times of accurate measurement escapement vibrations, just can obtain the accurate angle that pointer turns over, like this principle the precision of this test macro just than original system, greatly improve.This is a crucial innovative point during we design.
In sum, the parameter of nonstandard fixed time test system and performance characteristics are as follows:
Measuring Time precision reaches 0.001s (showing that result is accurate to 2 significant digits); Stream time is not less than 48 hours; 15 days mean times between failures; Sampling Novel photoelectric sensor redesigns detection system, and this sensor is OMRON high-precision optical fiber sensor, adopts intelligent signal conditioning technology, and fiber reflection intensity difference is made, and system still can obtain perfect test result; Redesign mechanical accessory, be easy to place timing device, test macro power resources adopt minitype electromagnet device, can in certain stroke, realize the thrust of 1kg, and simple in structure, easy to maintenance; Adopt Novel 16-bit Implementation of Embedded System system control logic, and detection is redesigned, accuracy of detection is greatly improved, and the repeatability of testing result is good; The power supply of employing integrated power supply, also adopts multiple isolation method to carry out insulation blocking to signal in system, avoid the system performance causing because of external environment to decline; Adopt the LCD liquid crystal display mode of 240*128, experimental result uses Chinese to show in the enterprising line output of liquid crystal, directly perceived and convenient, and many kinds of parameters information is provided simultaneously; System arranges and adopts serial port to carry out, convenient and safe reliable; Supporting upper computer software, can carry out parameter setting, and data analysis has graphical curve and shows; Timings single or two angles are measured; The demonstrations of many group measurement data, and can query history measurement data; Data analysis function; The LCD demonstration of 240*128, display interface is hommization more; Easy to operate, be simple and easy to use; Volume reduces greatly, more compact structure; Low-power consumption; Stability is high.
Claims (4)
1. a method of testing for general mechanical timer, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) in one end of the escapement (1) of tested mechanical timer, use optical fiber generator (2) to irradiate, at its other end, by Fibre Optical Sensor (3), gather, obtain the pulse signal that light beam converts to after through escapement (1);
2) pulse signal collecting is transferred to MCU, wherein, MCU is micro-control unit or single-chip microcomputer;
3) MCU pulse signals is counted processing, obtains the pendulum angle of escapement (1) and corresponding Measuring Time, is shown and deposited in the storer of MCU by display.
2. the method for testing of a kind of general mechanical timer according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 1) in, fiber optic emitter (2) adopts Omron OMRON E3X-DZ21-S2M; Fibre Optical Sensor (3) adopts Omron OMRONE3X-DZ21-S2M.
3. the method for testing of a kind of general mechanical timer according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 2) in, MCU adopts the TI MSP430 of Texas Instrument.
4. the method for testing of a kind of general mechanical timer according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 3) in, display is liquid crystal display.
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| CN201410235063.5A CN103984269A (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2014-05-29 | General testing method for mechanical timer |
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| CN201410235063.5A CN103984269A (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2014-05-29 | General testing method for mechanical timer |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112698608A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-23 | 宁波恒达高智能科技股份有限公司 | Timer switch data acquisition system |
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| US6307815B1 (en) * | 1998-07-23 | 2001-10-23 | Sandia Corporation | Microelectromechanical timer |
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| CN1357119A (en) * | 2000-02-29 | 2002-07-03 | 精工电子有限公司 | Mechanical timepiece with posture detecting part and optical timed annular balance rotation detecting part |
| CN1584757A (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2005-02-23 | 杨桂臣 | Self-calibrating synchronous timing timer |
| CN202362608U (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2012-08-01 | 天津海鸥表业集团有限公司 | Cycle and swing photoelectric measurer for balance and hair spring system |
| CN103105769A (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2013-05-15 | 天津海鸥表业集团有限公司 | Balance wheel gossamer system period and swing photoelectric measuring instrument |
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2014
- 2014-05-29 CN CN201410235063.5A patent/CN103984269A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2073127U (en) * | 1990-05-28 | 1991-03-13 | 陕西省国营西安蝴蝶手表厂 | Miniature computorized rate recorder for watch |
| CN2132830Y (en) * | 1992-07-10 | 1993-05-12 | 牡丹江市石油仪器工具厂 | Well clockwork tester |
| US6307815B1 (en) * | 1998-07-23 | 2001-10-23 | Sandia Corporation | Microelectromechanical timer |
| CN1357120A (en) * | 2000-02-29 | 2002-07-03 | 精工电子有限公司 | Mechanical timpeice with optical detecting part and braking part |
| CN1357119A (en) * | 2000-02-29 | 2002-07-03 | 精工电子有限公司 | Mechanical timepiece with posture detecting part and optical timed annular balance rotation detecting part |
| CN1584757A (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2005-02-23 | 杨桂臣 | Self-calibrating synchronous timing timer |
| CN202362608U (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2012-08-01 | 天津海鸥表业集团有限公司 | Cycle and swing photoelectric measurer for balance and hair spring system |
| CN103105769A (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2013-05-15 | 天津海鸥表业集团有限公司 | Balance wheel gossamer system period and swing photoelectric measuring instrument |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112698608A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-23 | 宁波恒达高智能科技股份有限公司 | Timer switch data acquisition system |
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