CN103960545A - Temporary rearing baits suitable for female portunus trituberculatus - Google Patents
Temporary rearing baits suitable for female portunus trituberculatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN103960545A CN103960545A CN201410215193.2A CN201410215193A CN103960545A CN 103960545 A CN103960545 A CN 103960545A CN 201410215193 A CN201410215193 A CN 201410215193A CN 103960545 A CN103960545 A CN 103960545A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The invention discloses temporary rearing baits suitable for female portunus trituberculatus. The temporary rearing baits are characterized by comprising baits I and baits II, which are matched, wherein the baits I comprise main ingredients of Peruvian fishmeal, meat bone meal, small trash fishes, ground clamworms and the like; the baits II comprise main ingredients of Chinese fishmeal, ground potamocorbula, small trash fishes, dewatered carrots and the like. The invention further relates to a feeding method of the baits; the baits I are fed during the temporary rearing early stage of the female portunus trituberculatus, and the baits II are fed during the temporary rearing later stage of the female portunus trituberculatus. The temporary rearing baits have the effects of remarkably enhancing the pathogen tolerance and low-temperature tolerance of the female portunus trituberculatus, increasing the survival rate of the temporarily reared female portunus trituberculatus, improving the quality of portunus trituberculatus cream and increasing the breeding yield. The raw materials of the baits are easily available, a process is simple, and the nutrition is balanced, so that the problems of high morbidity rate during temporary tearing period, low growth speed, poor portunus trituberculatus cream quality and the like of the female portunus trituberculatus are effectively solved; the baits can be applied to temporary tearing of the female portunus trituberculatus in a large scale.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation bait, particularly a kind of female crab of Portunus trituberculatus Miers foster bait temporarily that is applicable to.
Background technology
Portunus trituberculatus Miers in China Shandong, Jiangsu and Hebei etc. the cultivation of Northern Coastal Region province larger.The north often meets with severe cold microthermal climate at province autumn and winter, and ocean temperature is down to 0 DEG C sometimes, causes the swimming crab difficulty of surviving the winter, and most of swimming crab is supported just results listing before and after the Mid-autumn Festival.But, the female crab of swimming crab now (female crab body weight <150 g/ is only) coefficient of condition deficiency, color and luster, mouthfeel is not good enough! And, the female crab of swimming crab and male crab competition listing, price is flat.The female crab of swimming crab is if bring up temporarily fertile a period of time in indoor cement pit or sea area cage, postpones listing when market is well sold and in short supply around the Spring Festival, and the price of female crab tends to double.At present, the female crab of swimming crab is supported two stages that are generally divided into temporarily, supports temporarily early stage and supports the later stage temporarily.Supporting early stage temporarily (female crab body weight < 240 g/ are only), water temperature is often higher than 15 DEG C, and swimming crab food ration is large, grow rapidly, and sexual gland fast gaining.Supporting the later stage temporarily (female crab body weight >=240 g/ is only), water temperature generally drops to below 15 DEG C, and swimming crab food ration reduces gradually, and the speed of growth slows down, cylinder accumulation certain nutriment, sexual gland is also reached maturity substantially.Portunus trituberculatus Miers bait of the prior art and a kind of portunus trituberculatus miers ecological bait (ZL201010105256.0) of previously having authorized are the versatility bait for the whole culture-cycle, mainly prepare with reference to prawn feed formula, ignore the female crab of swimming crab and supported temporarily the particularity of process and the stage of growing, consider less to swimming crab female crab ovary getting fat and the aspect such as hyperchromic, to improving the disease-resistant and low temperature tolerance ability of female crab, stimulate female crab growth potential and improve the aspects such as crab cream quality inconsiderate, cause the female crab of swimming crab poor growth in supporting process temporarily, the color of crab cream is also not ideal enough, and, coerce the morbidity of foster later stage temporarily of lower female crab seriously the dual of low temperature and potential cause of disease, directly affect female crab foster economic benefit temporarily.Therefore, the female crab of exploitation Portunus trituberculatus Miers is supported bait temporarily, consider female crab support temporarily before and after the physiological property of phase and the variation of breeding environment, for improving the resistance against diseases of the female crab of swimming crab from source, the aspect such as growth performance that strengthens the tolerance of crab class to low temperature, improves the quality of crab cream and improve female crab has important application prospect.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of and can improve the female crab resistance against diseases of swimming crab, strengthens the tolerance of female crab to low temperature, stimulates the growth potential of female crab and improve the bait of crab cream quality.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to realize by following technical scheme.The present invention be a kind of be applicable to the female crab of Portunus trituberculatus Miers support temporarily bait, be characterized in, this bait is supported temporarily bait I and the female crab of the higher fatty acid swimming crab of low albumen by the female crab of high-protein high-fat swimming crab and is supported temporarily bait II and form:
Wherein, the described female crab of high-protein high-fat swimming crab is supported temporarily the percentage by weight of bait I and consists of:
Peru fish meal 25～40%;
Choice meat bone meal 15～20%;
Small fish 10～20%;
The clam worm 5～10% of pulverizing;
Yellow corn powder 15～25%;
Modified soy bean lipoid 2～6%;
Dehydration carrot 5～10%;
Fish oil 2～4%;
The percentage by weight that the described female crab of the higher fatty acid swimming crab of low albumen is supported bait II temporarily consists of:
Domestic fish meal 20～30%;
The blue clam 6～12% of pulverizing;
Small fish 8～12%;
Dehydration carrot 10～15%;
Yellow corn powder 20～30%;
Inferior powder 10～20%;
Modified soy bean lipoid 4～8%;
Fish oil 1～4%;
Patchouli 0.025%;
Olive benevolence 0.02%;
The capsule of weeping forsythia 0.03%;
Beta carotene 0.11%;
Lutein 0.08%;
Astaxanthin 0.02%.
The female crab of Portunus trituberculatus Miers of the present invention is supported in bait technical scheme temporarily, and the preferred weight percent that the described female crab of high-protein high-fat swimming crab is supported bait I temporarily consists of:
Peru fish meal 35%;
Choice meat bone meal 16%;
Small fish 13%;
The clam worm 8% of pulverizing;
Yellow corn powder 15%;
Modified soy bean lipoid 2%;
Dehydration carrot 8%;
Fish oil 3%.
The preferred weight percent that the described female crab of the higher fatty acid swimming crab of low albumen is supported bait II temporarily consists of:
Domestic fish meal 24%;
The blue clam 10% of pulverizing;
Small fish 8%;
Dehydration carrot 12%;
Yellow corn powder 25%;
Inferior powder 12.715%;
Modified soy bean lipoid 5%;
Fish oil 3%;
Patchouli 0.025%;
Olive benevolence 0.02%;
The capsule of weeping forsythia 0.03%;
Beta carotene 0.11%;
Lutein 0.08%;
Astaxanthin 0.02%.
The invention also discloses the feeding method that is applicable to the female crab of Portunus trituberculatus Miers and supports temporarily bait described in above technical scheme, be characterized in: support early stage temporarily (female crab body weight < 240 g/ only) the bait I of throwing something and feeding female crab, support the later stage temporarily (female crab body weight >=240 g/ only) the bait II of throwing something and feeding female crab.
Feed of the present invention can adopt following methods to make: first addition is pre-blended into core additive lower than 1% composition, then according to formula rate batching, mixing, pulverizing and granulation, dry again to water content lower than 9%, obtain the female crab of Portunus trituberculatus Miers and support temporarily bait.Wherein, bait I and II are all independently produced, are used in conjunction with.Support temporarily the bait I of throwing something and feeding in early stage female crab, support temporarily the later stage bait II of throwing something and feeding female crab.
After testing, the present invention supports temporarily the main nutrient composition (dry weight) of bait and is about:
| Support temporarily bait | Crude protein (%) | Crude fat (%) |
| Ⅰ | 32.0～51.6 | 9.0～17.8 |
| Ⅱ | 18.7～29.2 | 8.6～17.5 |
Inventor does female crab with temporarily foster bait of the present invention with a kind of portunus trituberculatus miers ecological bait (ZL201010105256.0) of previously authorizing and the common mixed feed of Portunus trituberculatus Miers at Lianyungang of Jiangsu aquatic fry growing field 9 idle cement pits of autumn and winter and supports temporarily contrast experiment, three repetitions are established in each processing, culture-cycles 70 d.When experiment finishes, compared with portunus trituberculatus miers ecological bait (ZL201010105256.0), the female crab of the present invention is supported temporarily the female crab survival rate of bait feeding group swimming crab and on average improves 8.2%, weight average increases by 10.1%, feed coefficient reduces by 5.9%, coefficient of condition improves 13.0%, and in ovary, carotenoid content on average improves 23.5%, and ovary becomes colour to improve 8%.Compared with common mixed feed, the female crab survival rate of bait feeding group swimming crab of the present invention on average improves 19.2%, weight average increases by 17.4%, feed coefficient reduces by 15.8%, coefficient of condition improves 23.8%, in ovary, carotenoid content on average improves 25.1%, and ovary becomes colour to improve 15%, and effect is very remarkable.
Compare with a kind of portunus trituberculatus miers ecological bait (ZL201010105256.0) with common mixed feed, the female crab of Portunus trituberculatus Miers of the present invention is supported bait temporarily can significantly strengthen the tolerance of female crab to cause of disease and low temperature, improve the quality of crab cream and increase the output of female crab cultivation, fundamentally solved the female crab of current Portunus trituberculatus Miers and supported temporarily in process the problems such as susceptible disease, crab cream poor quality and female crab poor growth.
(1) choice meat bone meal and small fish contain abundant calcium source, are very beneficial for the shelling of female crab; The clam worm of pulverizing contains the multiple unknown factor, is conducive to the maturation of female crab sexual gland; Dehydration carrot contains abundant carrotene, and yellow corn powder contains abundant uranidin, is conducive to the growth of female crab sexual gland and improves the color of sexual gland.Support early stage temporarily female crab, suitably improve the content of the high-quality protein such as clam worm of peru fish meal in feed formula, choice meat bone meal, small fish and pulverizing, to strengthen the physique of female crab, promote the Fast Growth of female crab; Suitably supplement the raw material such as yellow corn powder, dehydration carrot, modified soy bean lipoid and fish oil, improve the maturity of crab cream, improve the quality of crab cream; Suitably improve protein and fat level in feed, the clam worm of increase choice meat bone meal, small fish and pulverizing etc., in the ratio of feed formula, promote shelling and the growth of female crab.
(2) the blue clam of pulverizing is favorite bait under Portunus trituberculatus Miers nature, contains the various food calling factors, has strong food calling effect.Support the later stage temporarily female crab, suitably add the blue clam of pulverizing, artificially improve the situation of ingesting of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, promote ingesting and growing of swimming crab.Suitably improve modified soy bean lipoid and fat level in feed, strengthen the tolerance of the female crab of swimming crab to low temperature; Supplement the Chinese medicine immunity enhancers such as Patchouli, the olive Renhe capsule of weeping forsythia, strengthen the cold-resistant and resistance against diseases of female crab, thereby improving female crab forms motility rate temporarily; Append toner and the immunopotentiators such as beta carotene, lutein and astaxanthin, promote the maturation of cream crab yolk, deepen ovum yellow, improve the quality of crab cream.
(3) this mixed feed raw material used is easy to get, and technique is simple, balanced in nutrition, supports temporarily the problems such as middle susceptible disease, poor growth and crab cream poor quality thereby effectively solve the female crab of Portunus trituberculatus Miers.
Compared with portunus trituberculatus miers ecological bait (ZL201010105256.0), the present invention has done more improvement.
(1) temporary female crab nutrient is become to two stages, according to the variation of protein and fat content in the discrepancy adjustment feed of the physilogical characteristics in two stages and environmental condition, very fast in the female crab speed of growth of first stage, the artificial dietary protein level that improves, and second stage growth is slower, food ration declines, and artificially reduces protein level.
(2) support temporarily the lower feature of overall water temperature under condition according to female crab, artificially improve the whole fat level in stage bait of supporting temporarily, improve the tolerance of female crab to low temperature.
(3) bait of the present invention focuses on promoting the growth of female crab sexual gland, thereby has all supplemented yellow corn powder and dehydration carrot two stages, appends beta carotene, lutein and astaxanthin in second stage, farthest improves the color of crab cream.
(4) the present invention, according to the nutritional need in female crab gonad development stage, adds the fresh foods such as clam worm, blue clam and small fish, supplements unknown trophic factors.
(5) the present invention supports the feature of second stage susceptible disease temporarily according to female crab, has added several Chinese medicine immunity enhancers such as Pogostemon cablin, the olive Renhe capsule of weeping forsythia.
detailed description of the invention
Below further describe concrete technical scheme of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art understands the present invention further, and do not form the restriction to its right.
Embodiment 1, a kind of be applicable to the female crab of Portunus trituberculatus Miers support temporarily bait, this bait is supported temporarily bait I and the female crab of the higher fatty acid swimming crab of low albumen by the female crab of high-protein high-fat swimming crab and is supported temporarily bait II and form:
Wherein, the described female crab of high-protein high-fat swimming crab is supported temporarily the percentage by weight of bait I and consists of:
Peru fish meal 25%;
Choice meat bone meal 15%;
Small fish 10%;
The clam worm 5% of pulverizing;
Yellow corn powder 25%;
Modified soy bean lipoid 6%;
Dehydration carrot 10%;
Fish oil 4%;
The percentage by weight that the described female crab of the higher fatty acid swimming crab of low albumen is supported bait II temporarily consists of:
Domestic fish meal 24%;
The blue clam 6% of pulverizing;
Small fish 12%;
Dehydration carrot 12.715%;
Yellow corn powder 20%;
Inferior powder 20%;
Modified soy bean lipoid 4%;
Fish oil 1%;
Patchouli 0.025%;
Olive benevolence 0.02%;
The capsule of weeping forsythia 0.03%;
Beta carotene 0.11%;
Lutein 0.08%
Astaxanthin 0.02%.
Embodiment 2, a kind of be applicable to the female crab of Portunus trituberculatus Miers support temporarily bait, this bait is supported temporarily bait I and the female crab of the higher fatty acid swimming crab of low albumen by the female crab of high-protein high-fat swimming crab and is supported temporarily bait II and form:
Wherein, the described female crab of high-protein high-fat swimming crab is supported temporarily the percentage by weight of bait I and consists of:
Peru fish meal 36%;
Choice meat bone meal 20%;
Small fish 10%;
The clam worm 10% of pulverizing;
Yellow corn powder 15%;
Modified soy bean lipoid 2%;
Dehydration carrot 5%;
Fish oil 2%;
The percentage by weight that the described female crab of the higher fatty acid swimming crab of low albumen is supported bait II temporarily consists of:
Domestic fish meal 21.715% modified soy bean lipoid 8%;
Blue clam 8% fish oil 4% of pulverizing;
Small fish 8% Patchouli 0.025%;
Dehydration carrot 10% olive benevolence 0.02%;
Yellow corn powder 30% capsule of weeping forsythia 0.03%;
Inferior powder 10% beta carotene 0.11%;
Lutein 0.08%; Astaxanthin 0.02%.
Embodiment 3, a kind of be applicable to the female crab of Portunus trituberculatus Miers support temporarily bait, this bait is supported temporarily bait I and the female crab of the higher fatty acid swimming crab of low albumen by the female crab of high-protein high-fat swimming crab and is supported temporarily bait II and form:
Wherein, the described female crab of high-protein high-fat swimming crab is supported temporarily the percentage by weight of bait I and consists of:
Peru fish meal 25%;
Choice meat bone meal 17%;
Small fish 15%;
The clam worm 8% of pulverizing;
Yellow corn powder 20%;
Modified soy bean lipoid 4%;
Dehydration carrot 8%;
Fish oil 3%;
The percentage by weight that the described female crab of the higher fatty acid swimming crab of low albumen is supported bait II temporarily consists of:
Domestic fish meal 26.715% modified soy bean lipoid 6%;
Blue clam 7% fish oil 3% of pulverizing;
Small fish 8% Patchouli 0.025%;
Dehydration carrot 13% olive benevolence 0.02%;
Yellow corn powder 25% capsule of weeping forsythia 0.03%;
Inferior powder 15% beta carotene 0.11%;
Lutein 0.08%; Astaxanthin 0.02%.
Embodiment 4, a kind of be applicable to the female crab of Portunus trituberculatus Miers support temporarily bait, this bait is supported temporarily bait I and the female crab of the higher fatty acid swimming crab of low albumen by the female crab of high-protein high-fat swimming crab and is supported temporarily bait II and form:
Wherein, the described female crab of high-protein high-fat swimming crab is supported temporarily the percentage by weight of bait I and consists of:
Peru fish meal 35%
Choice meat bone meal 16%;
Small fish 13%;
The clam worm 8% of pulverizing;
Yellow corn powder 15%;
Modified soy bean lipoid 2%;
Dehydration carrot 8%;
Fish oil 3%.
The percentage by weight that the described female crab of the higher fatty acid swimming crab of low albumen is supported bait II temporarily consists of:
Domestic fish meal 24%;
The blue clam 10% of pulverizing;
Small fish 8%;
Dehydration carrot 12%;
Yellow corn powder 25%;
Inferior powder 12.715%;
Modified soy bean lipoid 5%;
Fish oil 3%;
Patchouli 0.025%;
Olive benevolence 0.02%;
The capsule of weeping forsythia 0.03%;
Beta carotene 0.11%;
Lutein 0.08%;
Astaxanthin 0.02%.
The female crab of above-described Portunus trituberculatus Miers is supported the feeding method of bait temporarily: when to support temporarily early stage be 240 g/ of female crab body weight <, measure on demand the bait I of throwing something and feeding female crab, support temporarily the later stage measure on demand the bait II of throwing something and feeding while being female crab body weight >=240 g/ female crab.Described requirement refers to conventional female crab foster appetite temporarily.
Claims (3)
1. what be applicable to the female crab of Portunus trituberculatus Miers supports temporarily a bait, it is characterized in that, this bait is supported temporarily bait I and the female crab of the higher fatty acid swimming crab of low albumen by the female crab of high-protein high-fat swimming crab and supported temporarily bait II and form:
Wherein, the described female crab of high-protein high-fat swimming crab is supported temporarily the percentage by weight of bait I and consists of:
Peru fish meal 25～40%
Choice meat bone meal 15～20%
Small fish 10～20%
The clam worm 5～10% of pulverizing
Yellow corn powder 15～25%;
Modified soy bean lipoid 2～6%;
Dehydration carrot 5～10%;
Fish oil 2～4%;
The percentage by weight that the described female crab of the higher fatty acid swimming crab of low albumen is supported bait II temporarily consists of:
Domestic fish meal 20～30%
The blue clam 6～12% of pulverizing
Small fish 8～12%
Dehydration carrot 10～15%
Yellow corn powder 20～30%
Inferior powder 10～20%
Modified soy bean lipoid 4～8%
Fish oil 1～4%;
Patchouli 0.025%;
Olive benevolence 0.02%;
The capsule of weeping forsythia 0.03%;
Beta carotene 0.11%;
Lutein 0.08%;
Astaxanthin 0.02%.
2. the female crab of Portunus trituberculatus Miers according to claim 1 is supported bait temporarily, it is characterized in that, the percentage by weight that the described female crab of high-protein high-fat swimming crab is supported bait I temporarily consists of:
Peru fish meal 35%
Choice meat bone meal 16%
Small fish 13%
The clam worm 8% of pulverizing
Yellow corn powder 15%;
Modified soy bean lipoid 2%;
Dehydration carrot 8%;
Fish oil 3%;
The percentage by weight that the described female crab of the higher fatty acid swimming crab of low albumen is supported bait II temporarily consists of:
Domestic fish meal 24%
The blue clam 10% of pulverizing
Small fish 8%
Dehydration carrot 12%
Yellow corn powder 25%
Inferior powder 12.715%
Modified soy bean lipoid 5%
Fish oil 3%;
Patchouli 0.025%;
Olive benevolence 0.02%;
The capsule of weeping forsythia 0.03%;
Beta carotene 0.11%;
Lutein 0.08%;
Astaxanthin 0.02%.
3. the female crab of the Portunus trituberculatus Miers as claimed in claim 1 or 2 feeding method of foster bait temporarily, it is characterized in that: when to support temporarily early stage be 240 g/ of female crab body weight <, measure on demand the bait I of throwing something and feeding female crab, support temporarily the later stage female crab and measure on demand the bait II of throwing something and feeding while being female crab body weight >=240 g/.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410215193.2A CN103960545B (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2014-05-21 | A kind of foster temporarily bait being applicable to the female crab of Portunus trituberculatus Miers |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410215193.2A CN103960545B (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2014-05-21 | A kind of foster temporarily bait being applicable to the female crab of Portunus trituberculatus Miers |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103960545A true CN103960545A (en) | 2014-08-06 |
| CN103960545B CN103960545B (en) | 2015-12-02 |
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| CN201410215193.2A Active CN103960545B (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2014-05-21 | A kind of foster temporarily bait being applicable to the female crab of Portunus trituberculatus Miers |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104642222A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-05-27 | 海南大学 | High-low nutrition bait repetitive re-feeding-based grouper culturing technology |
| CN105146061A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-12-16 | 华东师范大学 | Chinese mitten crab fattening feed and application thereof |
| CN105285520A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-02-03 | 苏州市阳澄湖三家村蟹业有限公司 | Breeding fodder for Yangcheng Lake hairy crabs |
| CN105475683A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-13 | 全椒县天润生态养殖专业合作社 | Feed for promoting female crab to produce crab cream |
| CN105767604A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-07-20 | 五河县顺鹏农副产品有限公司 | Feed capable of improving quality of crab cream |
| CN114982683A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-09-02 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Breeding method for improving egg laying times and total egg production of portunids |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104642222A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-05-27 | 海南大学 | High-low nutrition bait repetitive re-feeding-based grouper culturing technology |
| CN105146061A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-12-16 | 华东师范大学 | Chinese mitten crab fattening feed and application thereof |
| CN105285520A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-02-03 | 苏州市阳澄湖三家村蟹业有限公司 | Breeding fodder for Yangcheng Lake hairy crabs |
| CN105475683A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-13 | 全椒县天润生态养殖专业合作社 | Feed for promoting female crab to produce crab cream |
| CN105767604A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-07-20 | 五河县顺鹏农副产品有限公司 | Feed capable of improving quality of crab cream |
| CN114982683A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-09-02 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Breeding method for improving egg laying times and total egg production of portunids |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103960545B (en) | 2015-12-02 |
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