CN103954197B - A kind of lane surface displacement, deep displacement coordination measuring method - Google Patents

Abstract

A co-location measurement method for surface displacement and deep displacement of a roadway. Arrange at least one measuring station in the roadway, drill holes in the roof and the middle of the two sides on the same vertical section of the measuring station, and install the deep displacement gauge; mark the displacement observation point of the roadway surface on the deep displacement gauge device, according to the "cross" observation method, Measure the surface displacement of the roadway; according to the formula S _i ＝│(B _n ‑B ₁ )│‑(S _{read ni} ‑S _{read 1i} ), calculate the real value of deep displacement. The surface displacement and deep displacement measuring stations of conventional roadway are arranged on two sections, and the observed value of surface displacement is directly used, and according to the formula S _i =│(B _n ‑B ₁ )│‑(S _in ‑S _{in i1} ), the deep The real displacement value is inaccurate, and the surface displacement and deep displacement measuring stations of the roadway can be arranged on one section to eliminate errors caused by measurement data of different sections and make the results more realistic. The method is simple to operate, safe and reliable, has a high correct rate, and has wide practicability and popularization.

Description

A co-location measurement method for roadway surface displacement and deep displacement

technical field

The invention is applicable to the technical field of roadway mine pressure monitoring, and relates to a co-location measurement method for surface displacement and deep displacement of a roadway.

Background technique

With the rapid development of the coal industry, the production capacity of mines is gradually increasing, and the working face equipment is developing in the direction of large-scale, heavy-duty, and automation. It is indispensable to monitor the roadway support design, and its important means is mine pressure monitoring. The high accuracy of support rationality verification is particularly important. The contents of roadway mine pressure monitoring mainly include surface displacement, deep displacement, bolt (cable) force, surrounding rock structure variation detection, etc. Among them, the surface displacement of the roadway is mainly measured by the "cross" observation method, and the actual deep displacement value required for the mine pressure analysis of the roadway is an absolute displacement value, that is, the relative displacement between the measuring point and the roadway surface is obtained through the reading of the deep displacement meter value, and then use the measured surface displacement value of the roadway to obtain it through formula conversion. However, in the existing arrangement of measuring stations, the roadway surface displacement and deep displacement measuring stations are located on different sections, but because the surface displacement values of the roadway on different sections are different, this will make the absolute value of the deep displacement obtained. error.

Contents of the invention

Technical problem: The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing deep displacement measurement methods of roadways, and provide a simple, safe and reliable method, which can more accurately measure the deep displacement of the roadway surface and deep displacement.

Technical solution: The method for synchronously measuring the surface displacement and deep displacement of the roadway of the present invention comprises the following steps:

a. Arrange at least one measuring station in the roadway to be tested, construct a drill hole in the roof and the middle of the two sides of the same section of the measuring station, and install a deep displacement gauge in each hole, and ensure that the roof and the two sides are drilled The deep displacement gauge inside is arranged on the same vertical section, and the relative value of deep displacement can be read directly by observing the scale outside the deep displacement gauge;

b. Mark the observation points A, B, and C on the surface of the roadway where the displacement gauge at the depth of the station is used to record the displacement of the roadway surface. According to the "cross" observation method, measure the three observation points A, B, and C on the roadway surface respectively Displacement to the intersection midpoint O;

c. According to the formula S _ni ＝│(B _n -B ₁ )│-(S _{read ni} -S _{read 1i} ), the relatively accurate true value of deep displacement can be obtained,

In the formula:

S _{ni ——The} true value of the deep displacement of the i-th measuring point at the n-th observation;

B _n ——the surface displacement value at the nth observation;

B ₁ ——the surface displacement value at the first observation;

S _{read ni} - the relative value of the deep displacement of the i-th measuring point during the n-th observation;

_{Sread 1i} ——the relative value of deep displacement of the i-th measuring point in the first observation.

Beneficial effects: the present invention uses the method of synchronously measuring surface displacement and deep displacement to obtain the deep displacement of the roadway, which avoids errors caused by separately arranging surface displacement and deep displacement measuring stations, so it is more accurate. By drilling holes in the middle of the roof or side on the same vertical section of the roadway, install a deep displacement meter to read the relative value of the deep displacement; mark the observation point of the roadway surface displacement on the deep displacement meter device, and measure the roadway surface according to the "cross" observation method Displacement; according to the formula S _i =│(B _n -B ₁ )│-(S _{read in} -S _{read i1} ), calculate the absolute value of deep displacement. Compared with the prior art: the present invention arranges the surface displacement measuring station and the deep displacement measuring station on a roadway section, eliminating the need to use the surface displacement value on one roadway section to calculate the deep displacement on another roadway section The error introduced by the absolute value makes the result more precise. The method is simple to operate, safe and reliable, has a high accuracy rate of measured results, and has wide practicability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the roadway surface displacement and deep displacement co-located measurement of the present invention.

detailed description

Implementation of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

The present invention roadway surface displacement, deep position displacement measuring method, concrete method is as follows:

a. Arrange at least one measuring station in the roadway 1 to be tested, construct a borehole 2 respectively on the roof of the same section of the measuring station and the middle of the two sides, and install a deep displacement gauge 3 in each borehole, and ensure that the roof and the two The deep displacement gauge 3 in the side borehole is arranged on the same vertical section, and the relative value of the deep displacement is directly read by observing the external scale of the deep displacement gauge;

b. The deep displacement meter 3 at the station is located at the roadway surface to mark the observation points A, B and C for recording the surface displacement of the roadway, so that the stations for measuring the surface displacement and deep displacement are located on the same roadway section. As shown in the figure, according to the "cross" observation method, three observation points A, B, and C are arranged on the same section of the roadway 1 to meet the middle point O, and the three observation points A, B on the roadway surface are measured with a measuring rod or a steel tape , C respectively to the displacement of the intersection midpoint O;

c. According to the formula S _ni =│(B _n -B ₁ )│-(S _{reading ni} -S _{reading 1i} ), the relatively accurate true value of deep displacement can be obtained,

In the formula:

S _{ni ——The} true value of the deep displacement of the i-th measuring point at the n-th observation;

B _n ——the surface displacement value at the nth observation;

B ₁ ——the surface displacement value at the first observation;

S _{read ni} - the relative value of the deep displacement of the i-th measuring point during the n-th observation;

_{Sread 1i} ——the relative value of deep displacement of the i-th measuring point in the first observation.

Example 1: During the actual measurement of the surface displacement and deep displacement of the roadway, a roadway surface displacement and deep displacement co-location measurement station is arranged at a distance of 300m from the working face of the transportation roadway. Record the surface displacement and deep displacement of the roadway at the same time every day; in the first measurement, use the "cross" observation method to measure the surface displacement value B ₁ = 1926mm at the first observation, as the initial value of the surface displacement, and at the same time observe the deep displacement The scale of the displacement meter reads the relative value of the deep displacement of the roadway at the first observation of the same section at this measuring station S _{read 1} = 0mm as the initial value of the deep displacement. Utilize " cross " observation method equally, the surface displacement value B ₅ =1855mm when observing for the 5th time, measure the deep displacement relative value S of roadway when the 5th observing time _{read 5} =39mm; Calculate with the formula and utilize the same position measurement of the present invention The real value of deep displacement S ₅ at the fifth observation of the mode: S ₅ =│(B ₅ -B ₁ )│-(S _{read 5} -S _{read 1} )

In the formula:

S ₅ ——The true value of the deep displacement obtained by the co-location measurement method of the deep displacement of the surface displacement during the 5th observation;

B ₅ ——the surface displacement value of the station at the 5th observation;

B ₁ ——the surface displacement value of the station at the first observation;

S _{read 5} - the relative value of deep displacement at the 5th observation of this station;

S _{read 1} - the relative value of deep displacement at the first observation of this station;

Calculate S ₅ =│1855-1926│-(39-0)=32mm.

Claims (1)

1. a lane surface displacement, deep displacement coordination measuring method, it is characterised in that:

A, at least arrange a survey station in tunnel to be measured (1), each construction one boring (2) respectively at the middle part that the top board and two in the same cross section of survey station is helped, and deep displacement meter (3) is installed in each boring, and ensure that top board and two helps the deep displacement meter (3) in holing to be arranged on same vertical cross section, and directly read deep displacement relative value by observing the rule outside deep displacement meter；

B, it is positioned at surface, tunnel labelling for recording measurement observation station A of lane surface displacement amount, B, C at the deep displacement meter (3) of survey station, according to " cross " observation method, measures three, surface, tunnel observation station A, B, C respectively to the displacement of the midpoint O that crosses；

C, according to formula S_ni=│(B_n-B₁)│-(S_{Read ni}-S_{Read 1i}), draw relatively accurate deep displacement actual value,

In formula:

S_niThe deep displacement actual value of the i-th measuring point, i=A, B, C during the n-th observation；

B_nSurface displacement value during the n-th observation；

B₁Surface displacement value during the 1st observation；

S_{Read ni}The deep displacement relative value of the i-th measuring point, i=A, B, C during the n-th observation；

S_{Read 1i}The deep displacement relative value of the i-th measuring point, i=A, B, C during the 1st observation.