CN103918408B - Method and mechanism for picking wine grapes with swinging brush - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention designs a swing comb type wine grape picking method and mechanism, relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and is characterized in that: a power input unit, a swing unit and a comb unit. The power input unit includes the overall frame, the power input sprocket, the transfer sprocket, and the power distribution shaft, and provides the power transfer of the input sprocket to the swing unit; the swing unit includes the input sprocket, bevel gear commutator, crank, connecting The rod and the swing shaft use the crank rocker arm four-bar linkage mechanism to convert the rotation into the swing of the swing shaft. A comb mechanism is installed on the swing shaft to drive the comb mechanism to swing; the comb unit includes a comb rack, a motor, and a comb shaft , flexible fingers, and the finger base uses the power provided by the motor to drive the flexible fingers to rotate counterclockwise to realize vibrating comb picking of wine grapes; the operating machine can adjust parameters according to the conditions of the crops to ensure the quality of work.

Description

Method and mechanism for picking wine grapes with swinging brush

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a method and mechanism for picking wine grapes.

Background technique

my country is becoming more and more attractive among the main grape producing countries in the world. Since 1995, China’s grape production has grown rapidly. In 2010, the planting area reached 552,000 hectares, and the output was 8,548,000 tons. It has become the second largest grape producing country in the world, second only to in Italy. my country's grapes are mainly concentrated in Xinjiang, Shandong, Hebei, Liaoning, Shanxi, Jilin and Henan, mainly for fresh food and wine making. With the improvement of people's quality of life and the strengthening of health awareness, the health care effect of wine on the body has increased the demand for wine, which has greatly promoted the rapid development of high-quality grapes.

At present, the picking of wine grapes in my country still adopts manual picking, which has a short picking period, high labor intensity, low efficiency and high cost. Therefore, mechanized harvesting of grapes is of great significance to improve the mechanization level of my country's grape industry, reduce the cost of wine, and enhance the competitiveness of my country's wine grapes.

Contents of the invention

(1) Technical problems to be solved

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a method and a mechanism capable of picking wine grapes, with high working quality, reduced labor intensity and improved working efficiency.

(2) Technical solutions

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a swing comb type wine grape picking method and mechanism, which includes: a power input unit, a swing unit, and a comb unit.

The power input unit includes: a whole frame (1), a power input bearing seat (2), a power input sprocket (3), a transfer sprocket (4), a locking collar (5), a power distribution shaft ( 6) and the frame beam (14), the power distribution shaft (6) is fixed on the overall frame (1) through the power input shaft bearing seats (2) at both ends, and there is a keyway on the power distribution shaft (6). The power input sprocket (3) cooperates with the two split sprockets (4) in the form of a keyway, and can slide on them. Both ends of the three sprockets are fixed in the axial position by locking collars (5), and at the same time The axial position of the three sprockets can be adjusted. When the external power drives the power input sprocket (3) to rotate, the power is distributed to the two transfer sprockets (4) through the power distribution shaft (6);

The swing unit includes: a swing frame (7), a swing power input sprocket (8), a bevel gear commutator (9), a swing crank (10), a swing connecting rod (11), a swing rocker arm (12), Parallel connecting rod (13), swing shaft (15), swing shaft upper bearing seat (16), swing shaft lower bearing seat (24), swing shaft lower support frame (25) and swing shaft lower support connecting plate (26) , because the swinging and combing mechanisms on both sides of the machine are symmetrical, the swinging unit and the combing unit are only introduced on one side, and the swinging frame (7) is fixed on the overall frame (1) beam (14) by bolts at both ends , after the swing frame (7) on both sides is placed in the appropriate position of the beam (14), it is fixed by the bolts at both ends, and the position of the power input sprocket (3) needs to be adjusted at the same time to ensure that it can be connected with the swing power input sprocket (8 ) through the chain to realize power transmission, the bevel gear commutator (9) is equipped with a swing power input sprocket (8) at one end, and a swing crank (10) is installed at one end to realize commutation of the input power, the swing crank (10) and the swing connecting rod (11), the corresponding swing rocker arm (12) constitutes the crank linkage mechanism, the rotation of the swing crank (10) drives the swing of the corresponding swing rocker arm (12) through the connecting rod (11), and a pair of swing rocker arms (12 ) forms a parallel four-bar mechanism through parallel links (13), realizing synchronous parallel swing of a pair of swing rocker arms (12), and the upper ends of the swing rocker arms (12) and swing shafts (15) are fixed by pins to realize synchronous swing of both , the upper end of the swing shaft (15) is fixed on the swing frame (7) through the swing shaft upper bearing seat (16), and the lower end is fixed on the swing shaft lower support connecting plate (26) through the swing shaft lower bearing seat (24). The support connecting plate (26) under the shaft is fixed on the overall frame (1) by bolts, so that the rotation of the transfer sprocket (4) drives the swing operation of the swing shaft (15);

The combing unit includes: a combing mechanism upper frame (17), a motor (18), a comb shaft (19), a finger base (20), a flexible finger (21), a comb shaft bearing seat (22) , the lower frame of the combing mechanism (23), the pressing bolt of the finger base (27), the pressing bolt of the upper frame of the comb (28) and the fixing bolt of the fingering base (29), one end of the upper frame of the combing mechanism (17) On the swing shaft (15) and fixed by the pressing bolts (28) of the comb rack, the comb rack (17) can be in different positions of the swing shaft (15), thereby realizing the adjustable working height, and the motor (18) through the bolt It is fixed on the mounting hole of the comb upper frame (17), the output shaft of the motor (18) is connected with the upper end of the comb shaft (19) and transmits the rotation, and the finger base (20) is sleeved on the surface of the comb shaft (19), and passed through The finger base fixing bolt (29) is fixed, the flexible finger (21) is inserted into the side hole of the finger base and fixed by the finger base compression bolt (27), the finger base (20) is on the comb shaft (19) is spirally arranged according to a certain distance and an angle, and a pair of motors (18) counter-rotate to drive the flexible finger (21) to rotate relative to each other to realize combing and brushing operations.

It is also possible to replace different flexible fingers and adopt different arrangements according to the object characteristics of the work object to adjust the relative positions of the swing frames on both sides.

(3) Beneficial effects

A swing comb type wine grape picking mechanism of the present invention adopts cross-row operation and has the following beneficial effects: the external power is input through the chain transmission and transmitted to the swing unit to realize the swing of the comb unit, improve the operation range of the comb, and improve Picking quality; the relative distance of the swing frame can be adjusted to adapt to different growth conditions of the grapes; the external power is used as the motor power supply, and the motor drives the flexible fingers to rotate counterclockwise to realize flexible combing and grape picking operations. It is beneficial to reduce the breakage rate. The present invention changes the height, strength, etc. of the comb, and can also be suitable for harvesting other berries.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of overall mechanism;

Fig. 2 is the top view of overall mechanism;

Fig. 3 is a partial view of the comb base;

In the figure: 1--integral frame 2--power input bearing seat 3--power input sprocket 4--transfer sprocket 5--locking collar 6--power distribution shaft 7--swing frame 8- -Swing power input sprocket 9--bevel gear commutator 10--swing crank 11--swing connecting rod 12--swing rocker arm 13--parallel connecting rod 14--frame beam 15--swing shaft 16- -Bearing seat 17 on the swing shaft--Combing mechanism upper frame 18--Motor 19--Comb shaft 20--Dial finger base 21--Flexible dial 22--Comb shaft bearing seat 23--Comb mechanism Lower frame 24--bearing seat under the swing shaft 25--support frame under the swing shaft 26--support connecting plate under the swing shaft 27--dial finger base compression bolt 28--comb upper rack compression bolt 29--dial Refers to the base fixing bolt 30--cement pile 31--grape crops

Detailed ways

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

The present invention is based on the following concept: (1) the picking mechanism adopts external chain transmission to input power, and distributes the power to the swing mechanism to realize the swing operation and improve the range of combing operations; (2) the combing operation mode can be used for Picking of wine grapes; (3) Flexible fingers are used to improve the quality of picking operations and reduce grape damage; (4) The swing mechanism can adjust the relative position, and the height of the frame on the fingers can also be adjusted to adapt to different operations object.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the comb-type wine grape picking mechanism includes: a power input unit, a swing unit, and a comb unit.

The power input unit includes: an integral frame 1, a power input bearing seat 2, a power input sprocket 3, a transfer sprocket 4, a locking collar 5, a power distribution shaft 6 and a frame beam 14, and the power distribution shaft 6. The power input shaft bearing housings 2 at both ends are fixed on the overall frame 1. There is a keyway on the power distribution shaft 6. A power input sprocket 3 and two transfer sprockets 4 are matched in a keyway manner, and can be mounted on the top Sliding, both ends of the three sprockets are fixed in the axial position by the locking collar 5, and the axial position of the three sprockets can also be adjusted at the same time. When the external power drives the power input sprocket 3 to rotate, the power distribution shaft 6 Distribute the power to the two transfer sprockets 4;

The swing unit includes: swing frame 7, swing power input sprocket 8, bevel gear commutator 9, swing crank 10, swing connecting rod 11, swing rocker arm 12, parallel connecting rod 13, swing shaft 15, swing shaft The bearing seat 16, the bearing seat 24 under the swing shaft, the support frame 25 under the swing shaft and the support connecting plate 26 under the swing shaft are composed. Since the swing and comb mechanisms on both sides of the machine are symmetrical, only the swing unit and the comb unit are introduced. On one side, the swing frame 7 is fixed on the overall frame 1 crossbeam 14 by the bolts at both ends. After the swing frame 7 on both sides is placed on the crossbeam 14 at a suitable position, it is fixed by the bolts at both ends. At the same time, the power input sprocket 3 needs to be adjusted. position to ensure that it can achieve power transmission with the swing power input sprocket 8 through the chain, and the swing power input sprocket 8 is installed on one end of the bevel gear commutator 9, and the swing crank 10 is installed on the other end to realize the commutation of the input power, and the swing crank 10 The swing link 11 and the corresponding swing arm 12 form a crank linkage mechanism. The rotation of the swing crank 10 drives the corresponding swing arm 12 to swing through the connecting rod 11. A pair of swing arms 12 form a parallel connection through a parallel link 13 The four-bar mechanism realizes the synchronous parallel swing of a pair of swing rocker arms 12. The upper ends of the swing rocker arms 12 and the swing shaft 15 are fixed by pins to realize the synchronous swing of the two. The upper end of the swing shaft 15 is fixed on the swing machine through the bearing seat 16 on the swing shaft. The upper and lower ends of the frame 7 are fixed on the support connecting plate 26 under the swing shaft through the lower bearing seat 24 of the swing shaft, and the support plate 26 under the swing shaft is fixed on the overall frame 1 by bolts, so as to realize the rotation of the transfer sprocket 4 to drive the swing shaft 15 swing operations;

The combing unit includes: a combing mechanism upper frame 17, a motor 18, a combing shaft 19, a dial base 20, a flexible dialing finger 21, a combing shaft bearing seat 22, a combing mechanism lower frame 23, and a dialing base Hold down bolt 27, brush upper frame hold down bolt 28 and finger base fixing bolt 29, comb brush mechanism upper frame 17 one end is enclosed within above the swing shaft 15 and fix by comb upper frame hold down bolt 28, comb brush upper frame 17 can be in The different positions of the swing shaft 15, thereby realizing the adjustable working height, the motor 18 is fixed on the mounting hole of the comb upper frame 17 by bolts, the output shaft of the motor 18 is connected with the upper end of the comb shaft 19 and transmits the rotation, and the finger base 20 is set on the The surface of the comb shaft 19 is fixed by the fixing bolt 29 of the finger base. The flexible finger 21 is inserted into the side hole of the finger base and fixed by the pressing bolt 27 of the finger base. The finger base 20 is fixed on the comb shaft. 19 is arranged in a spiral according to a certain distance and angle, and a pair of motors 18 counter-rotate to drive the flexible fingers 21 to rotate relatively to realize combing and brushing operations.

It is also possible to replace different flexible fingers and adopt different arrangements according to the object characteristics of the work object to adjust the relative positions of the swing frames on both sides.

The overall working process of the present invention is as follows: according to the parameters required by the operation, select a suitable sprocket power input and a suitable power supply to provide power to the motor. When it is opened, the operating machine moves along the grape rack, and the fingers turn counterclockwise, while the combing mechanism is oscillated to increase the working area, improve the working quality, and realize the grape combing operation.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the relevant technical field can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all Equivalent technical solutions also belong to the category of the present invention, and the scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims (1)

1. A swing comb type wine grape picking mechanism is characterized in that it comprises: a power input unit, a swing unit, and a comb unit; The power input unit includes: a whole frame (1), a power input bearing seat (2), a power input sprocket (3), a transfer sprocket (4), a locking collar (5), a power distribution shaft ( 6) and the frame beam (14), the power distribution shaft (6) is fixed on the overall frame (1) through the power input shaft bearing seats (2) at both ends, and there is a keyway on the power distribution shaft (6). The power input sprocket (3) cooperates with the two split sprockets (4) in the form of a keyway, and can slide on them. Both ends of the three sprockets are fixed in the axial position by locking collars (5), and at the same time The axial position of the three sprockets can be adjusted. When the external power drives the power input sprocket (3) to rotate, the power is distributed to the two transfer sprockets (4) through the power distribution shaft (6); The swing unit includes: a swing frame (7), a swing power input sprocket (8), a bevel gear commutator (9), a swing crank (10), a swing connecting rod (11), a swing rocker arm (12), Parallel connecting rod (13), swing shaft (15), swing shaft upper bearing seat (16), swing shaft lower bearing seat (24), swing shaft lower support frame (25) and swing shaft lower support connecting plate (26) , the swinging and combing mechanisms on both sides of the machine are symmetrically arranged, the swinging frame (7) is fixed on the overall frame (1) beam (14) by bolts at both ends, and the swinging frame (7) on both sides is placed on the beam (14) After the proper position, it is fixed by the bolts at both ends. At the same time, the position of the power input sprocket (3) needs to be adjusted to ensure that it can realize power transmission with the swing power input sprocket (8) through the chain. The bevel gear commutator ( 9) A swing power input sprocket (8) is installed at one end, and a swing crank (10) is installed at one end to reverse the direction of the input power. The swing crank (10) is composed of a swing connecting rod (11) and a corresponding swing arm (12) A crank-link mechanism is formed. The rotation of the swing crank (10) drives the corresponding swing arm (12) to swing through the connecting rod (11), and a pair of swing arms (12) form a parallel four-bar mechanism through the parallel link (13). , to realize the synchronous parallel swing of a pair of swing rocker arms (12), the upper ends of the swing rocker arms (12) and the swing shaft (15) are fixed by pins to realize the synchronous swing of the two, and the upper ends of the swing shaft (15) pass through the bearing seat on the swing shaft (16) is fixed on the swing frame (7), and the lower end is fixed on the supporting connecting plate (26) under the swinging shaft through the bearing seat (24) under the swinging shaft, and the supporting connecting plate (26) under the swinging shaft is fixed on the whole by bolts on the frame (1), so that the rotation of the transfer sprocket (4) drives the swing operation of the swing shaft (15); The combing unit includes: a combing mechanism upper frame (17), a motor (18), a comb shaft (19), a finger base (20), a flexible finger (21), a comb shaft bearing seat (22) , the lower frame of the combing mechanism (23), the pressing bolt of the finger base (27), the pressing bolt of the upper frame of the comb (28) and the fixing bolt of the fingering base (29), one end of the upper frame of the combing mechanism (17) On the swing shaft (15) and fixed by the pressing bolts (28) of the comb rack, the comb rack (17) can be in different positions of the swing shaft (15), thereby realizing the adjustable working height, and the motor (18) through the bolt It is fixed on the mounting hole of the comb upper frame (17), the output shaft of the motor (18) is connected with the upper end of the comb shaft (19) and transmits the rotation, and the finger base (20) is sleeved on the surface of the comb shaft (19), and passed through The finger base fixing bolt (29) is fixed, the flexible finger (21) is inserted into the side hole of the finger base and fixed by the finger base compression bolt (27), the finger base (20) is on the comb shaft (19) is spirally arranged according to a certain distance and an angle, and a pair of motors (18) counter-rotate to drive the flexible finger (21) to rotate relative to each other to realize combing and brushing operations.