CN103914730B - Sugarcane propagation bud counting system based on resistance-type strain gages - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a sugarcane seed bud counting system based on a resistive strain gauge, comprising: a sugarcane seed bud induction mechanism for generating a seed bud signal, a seed bud signal amplifying circuit for amplifying the seed bud signal, and amplifying the amplified seed bud signal The seed bud counting and display system for counting and displaying, wherein: the seed bud sensing mechanism includes: a rubber sleeve, in the shape of a horn; a rubber sheet, a plurality of rubber sheets of which are fixed on the sleeve wall away from the horn-shaped end of the rubber sleeve; and each A resistive strain gauge is pasted on the rubber sheet; among them, the bud signal generated by the resistive strain gauge is transmitted to the bud signal amplifying circuit, and the amplified signal output by the bud signal amplifying circuit enters the bud counting and display system, which can monitor the sugarcane buds. Detect and count to protect against bud damage when cutting sugarcane seeds.

Description

A Sugarcane Bud Counting System Based on Resistive Strain Gauge

technical field

The invention relates to a sugarcane bud counting system, in particular to a sugarcane bud count system based on a resistance strain gauge.

Background technique

At present, sugarcane mechanized planting technology has been gradually promoted at home and abroad. Some new sugarcane planters developed in China have relatively complete functions, but they have not yet been equipped with professional cane seed cutting and bud damage prevention devices, and they cannot be fully automated, especially automatic seed cutting. The problem of high bud injury rate makes it difficult to guarantee the germination rate of newly planted sugarcane, which will have a greater impact on sugarcane production in the coming year.

When the sugarcane planter cuts the sugarcane seed, in order to accurately and effectively do not cut the bud or damage the bud, it must accurately judge and identify the specific position of the sugarcane seed bud on the sugarcane stem, and according to the growth of the sugarcane seed bud on its stem The specific location of sugarcane buds can be judged by the characteristics of the nodes.

Chinese invention patent (patent number: 201210123151.7) discloses a computer vision-based system for cutting and preventing damage to sugarcane buds, which mainly includes a cutter, a CCD camera and a clamping and conveying mechanism driven by a motor controller. It has a simple structure, can identify the position of the stem nodes, and can basically realize the function of cutting sugarcane seeds to prevent damage to buds, but there are still the following problems: 1. The length of each sugarcane section (that is, the distance between two adjacent stem nodes) is different, and Cutting sugarcane seeds based on a fixed length is difficult to ensure that each section of sugarcane contains three stem nodes, which cannot fully meet the agronomic requirements of each section of sugarcane containing three stem nodes; 2. Image processing based on computer vision The required camera and other equipment are easily affected and interfered by the working environment such as field vibration and weather; 3. The motion control of the sugarcane cutting and conveying mechanism is complex and requires high accuracy.

Therefore, there is an urgent need to redesign a simple, effective and reliable sugarcane seed cutting and anti-injury bud system to protect the integrity of cane buds, increase the effective number of sugarcane seeds per unit planting area, and provide a strong guarantee for improving the germination rate of sugarcane seeds.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies in the background technology, a sugarcane seed bud counting system based on resistive strain gauges was invented. The system can detect and count sugarcane seed buds. After detection, the cut sugarcane seed can meet the agronomic requirements. , It can also reduce the injury rate of sugarcane seed buds, and guarantee the improvement of sugarcane seed germination rate.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A sugarcane bud counting system based on resistive strain gauges, comprising:

A sugarcane bud sensing mechanism that generates a bud signal;

A seed bud signal amplifying circuit for amplifying the seed bud signal;

A seed bud counting and display system that counts and displays the amplified seed bud signals;

Described bud induction mechanism comprises:

Rubber sleeve, trumpet-shaped;

rubber sheets, a plurality of which are fixed to the wall of the sleeve away from the flared end of the rubber sleeve; and

Each rubber sheet is pasted with a resistive strain gauge;

Wherein, the seed bud signal generated by the resistive strain gauge is transmitted to the seed bud signal amplifying circuit.

Preferably, the resistive strain gauge is combined with three fixed resistors to form a Wheatstone bridge.

Preferably, the seed bud signal amplification circuit includes:

A two-stage inverting amplifier circuit for amplifying the seed bud signal;

a reverse protection circuit for reverse protection; and

a voltage stabilizing circuit for stabilizing the voltage of the circuit; and

A power indicator circuit that indicates the power supply voltage of the circuit.

Preferably, the bud counting and display system includes:

A voltage comparator for comparing the amplified seed bud signal;

A single-chip microcomputer that performs statistical counting on the compared seed bud signals; and

a latch for buffering the statistically analyzed seed signal; and

A display that displays the signal in the latch.

The display is an LED digital tube.

The principle of the present invention to count sugarcane seed buds is: the sugarcane planter conveying mechanism sends the sugarcane stalks into the sugarcane stem node seed bud induction mechanism and enters the rubber sleeve, and transports forward. When the sugarcane stem node seed buds pass through the rubber sheet, the sugarcane stem The protruding part of the stem node seed bud relative to the sugarcane stem produces a pressure on the rubber sheet, which then forces the resistance strain gauge attached to the rubber sheet to deform, and converts the deformation into an electrical signal, which is amplified by the seed bud signal After the circuit is amplified, it enters the seed counting and display system, compares it with the reference voltage set by the voltage comparator, and outputs high or low level according to the comparison result, and the high and low levels enter the single chip microcomputer for statistical analysis. The display device shows that the counting of sugarcane seed buds is finally realized.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is: through the induction mechanism, the bud signal amplification circuit and the bud counting and display system, the detection of sugarcane buds can be automated, which provides a guarantee for cutting sugarcane buds to prevent injury, Accurate and effective without cutting buds or damaging buds; further advantages are simple structure of the system, wide application range, simple, reliable, accurate, judgment, and quick response of the stem node seed bud induction process, and its LED digital tube directly displays sugarcane seed buds The number is intuitive and clear.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the sugarcane seed bud counting system based on the resistive strain gauge of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a left view and a front view structural schematic diagram of the sugarcane seed bud induction mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the principle diagram of the big circuit of seed bud release signal of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a Wheatstone bridge circuit schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the voltage comparator circuit of the present invention;

Among them: 1. Resistive strain gauge; 2. Rubber sheet; 3. Rubber sleeve; 4. Sugarcane seed bud; 5. Sugarcane stem; 6. Seed bud signal amplification circuit; 7. Voltage comparator; , latch; 10, display; 11, output voltage U ₂ zeroing potentiometer; 12, two-stage inverting amplifier circuit; 13, power supply indicator circuit; 14, voltage stabilizing circuit; 15, reverse protection circuit; 16 , Magnification regulator.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can implement it according to the description. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1-5, a kind of sugarcane seed bud counting system based on resistive strain gauge comprises: the sugarcane seed bud induction mechanism that produces seed bud signal; The seed bud signal amplifying circuit 6 that amplifies the seed bud signal; The seed bud counting and display system for counting and displaying the seed bud signals.

The seed bud sensing mechanism includes: a rubber cover 3, a rubber sheet 2, and a resistive strain gauge 1; the rubber cover 3 is trumpet-shaped, the rubber sheet 2 is rectangular, and several rubber sheets 2 are evenly arranged in a circular manner. The cloth is fixed on the circumferential wall of the rubber sleeve 3 away from the horn-shaped end, and a resistive strain gauge 1 is pasted on each rubber sheet 2; the use of the horn-shaped rubber sleeve 3 can reduce the induction of the sugarcane seed bud 4 just entering the sugarcane stem node. The impact during the mechanism is to achieve an effective transition and prevent the damage of the sugarcane seed bud 4. The diameter of the trumpet-shaped root of the trumpet-shaped rubber sleeve 3 is slightly smaller than the average diameter of the sugarcane stem 5. When the diameter is larger than the diameter of the rubber sleeve 3 trumpet-shaped root When the sugarcane stem 5 is formed, the rubber sleeve 3 is deformed under the extrusion force of the sugarcane stem 5, and the diameter increases, so that the sugarcane stem 5 of different diameters can be detected, and the scope of application of the sensing mechanism is expanded. The rubber sheets 2 evenly arranged on the trumpet-shaped rubber cover 3 preferably have a small gap between each rubber sheet. The effect of the rubber sheet 2 is to feel the raised sugarcane seed buds 4 on the sugarcane stem nodes 5. When passing through the trumpet-shaped rubber sleeve 3 and touching the rubber sheet 2, the rubber sheet 2 is deformed, and the resistance strain gauge 1 attached to its surface converts the deformation information into an electrical signal output by utilizing the resistance strain effect.

The seed bud signal amplifying circuit 6 (as shown in Figure 3 ) includes: a two-stage inverting amplifier circuit 12 for amplifying the seed bud signal; a reverse protection circuit 15 for reverse protection; and a circuit for voltage stabilization A voltage stabilizing circuit 14; and a power supply indicator circuit 13 for clearly indicating the power supply voltage of the circuit. Since the electrical parameters from the resistive strain gauge 1 are very weak, the output energy is small, and at the same time, it is easily affected by noise, offset and gain error, so a two-stage inverting amplifier circuit 12 is needed to amplify, and the resistive strain gauge 1 The generated seed bud signal is input to the input terminal of the two-stage inverting amplifying circuit 12, so that the seed bud signal is converted into a recognizable voltage signal, and a reverse protection circuit 15 is provided in the seed bud signal amplifying circuit 6 to prevent the positive and negative poles of the power supply from If the connection is reversed, the voltage stabilizing circuit 14 regulates the voltage stabilizing power supply to make it reach the required voltage value. In addition, at the input end of the amplifying circuit, in order to eliminate the temperature error of the resistive strain gauge 1 and improve the sensitivity of the strain gauge, it is preferable to connect the resistive strain gauge 1 into a Wheatstone bridge circuit, and the bridge of the compensation strain gauge does not Balanced (with zero voltage output) or the initial unbalance of the strain gauge bridge circuit and the input offset voltage of the op amp, the output voltage U ₂ zero adjustment potentiometer 11 is set in the two-stage inverting amplifier circuit, so that the resistance When the strain gauge 1 is not deformed, it can quickly and accurately realize the zero adjustment of the output of the two-stage inverting amplifier circuit, so as to avoid causing large errors in the output results and affecting the judgment of the sugarcane seed bud counting and display system.

The seed bud counting and display system includes: a voltage comparator 7 (as shown in Figure 5 ) for comparing the amplified seed bud signals; a single-chip microcomputer 8 for statistically counting the compared seed bud signals; The latch 9 for buffering the later seed bud signal; and the display 10 for displaying the signal in the latch (the display is preferably an LED digital tube). Its specific principle is that the voltage comparator 7 compares the analog voltage signal U2 output by the _two -stage inverting amplifier circuit 12 with the reference voltage _UR , and outputs a high level or a low level, and simultaneously sends the level signal to the single chip microcomputer 8 Counting, and the signal is temporarily stored by the latch 9 to maintain a certain level state, which acts as a buffer, and then the counting situation is displayed by the LED digital tube.

The principle of the whole system is: use the resistive strain gauge 1 to sense the seed bud signal generated by the sugarcane seed tooth 4 touching the rubber sheet 2, input the seed bud signal to the seed bud signal amplifying circuit 6 for amplification, and then amplify the amplified The voltage signal is input to the voltage comparator 7, compared with the reference voltage, and output high and low levels according to the comparison result; the level signal is input to the single-chip microcomputer 8, and the seed count can be realized, and finally the stored in the latch 9 The counting information is displayed through the LED digital tube.

Further describe the circuit principle and working principle of the present invention:

As shown in Figure 3-5, lead out the electrodes of the resistive strain gauge of the induction mechanism with two-core shielded wires, and connect the two-core shielded wires of the strain gauge with three fixed resistors R ₂ , R ₃ , and R ₄ respectively to form a Wheat Board the bridge (as shown in Figure 4) and access the seed bud signal amplifying circuit. If the wiring is correct after the power supply VCC is turned on, the LED lamp of the power supply indicator circuit 13 is lit, indicating that the power supply has been connected, and then the Wheatstone bridge obtains a VFF voltage, outputs U _O , and the output terminal U _O is used for connecting Enter the input terminal of the two-stage inverting amplifier circuit 12, and add a voltage stabilizing circuit 14 (as shown in Figure 3) in order to increase the voltage stability.

After the Wheatstone bridge is powered on, under the condition that the strain gauge is not deformed, R ₁ /R ₂ =R ₃ /R ₄ , U _O =0, the bridge is balanced, and the output voltage value of the two-stage inverting amplifier circuit is U ₂ should be zero or very close to zero.

In order to be more accurate, the output voltage U ₂ zero-adjustment potentiometer (shown as 11 in Figure 3) and the magnification regulator sliding rheostat R ₈ (shown as 16 in Figure 3) are set in the circuit. When deforming, if the output of the two-stage inverting amplifier circuit is not zero, you can adjust the output voltage U ₂ and adjust the zero potentiometer R ₁₀ to make the output voltage U ₂ of the two-stage inverting amplifier 0.

After the zero adjustment is completed, slightly bend the strain gauge, and connect the output terminal of the two-stage inverting amplifier circuit 12 to the voltage range of the multimeter, and the output voltage change can be seen. In addition, the output multiple of the amplifying circuit can be adjusted by adjusting the sliding rheostat _R8 .

Through continuous debugging of the circuit, the appropriate magnification is finally selected, that is, the appropriate resistance value of _R8 is determined. Connect the output terminal of the amplifying circuit to the voltage comparator 7, the voltage comparator 7 is connected to the single-chip microcomputer 8, the single-chip microcomputer 8 is connected to the latch 9, and the latch 9 is finally connected to the LED digital tube, thereby connecting all lines or devices of the entire system. Under the conveying effect of the conveying mechanism of the sugarcane planter, the sugarcane stalk 5 enters the trumpet-shaped rubber sleeve 3. When the raised part of the sugarcane seed bud 4 touches the rubber sheet 2, the rubber sheet 2 is deformed, and the rubber sheet 2 sticks to the rubber sheet 2. The resistance value of the resistive strain gauge 1 will change accordingly, which will cause changes in U _O and output U ₂ of the amplifying circuit.

The voltage signal U2 output by the _two -stage inverting amplifying circuit 12 enters the voltage comparator 7 for comparison with the reference voltage _UR , outputs high level or low level according to the comparison result, and inputs the level signal into the single-chip microcomputer 8, and the single-chip microcomputer 8 Counting is performed, and the LED digital tube displays numbers in sequence, that is, after detecting the buds that meet the crop planting stem nodes, the counting is reset, and then enters the next cycle to continue counting and displaying.

Claims (3)

1. A sugarcane seed bud counting system based on resistive strain gauges, comprising: - a sugarcane bud sensing mechanism that generates a bud signal; - a bud signal amplifying circuit for amplifying the bud signal; - A seed bud counting and display system that counts and displays the amplified seed bud signals; It is characterized by: Described bud induction mechanism comprises: Rubber sleeve, trumpet-shaped; A plurality of rubber sheets are fixed on the sleeve wall away from the trumpet-shaped end of the rubber sleeve; and each rubber sheet is pasted with a resistive strain gauge; The seed bud counting and display system includes: a voltage comparator for comparing the amplified seed bud signals; a single-chip microcomputer for counting the compared seed bud signals; and a latch for buffering the statistically analyzed seed bud signals and a display for displaying the signal in the latch; Wherein, the bud signal generated by the resistive strain gauge is transmitted to the bud signal amplifying circuit; the resistive strain gauge is combined with three fixed resistors to form a Wheatstone bridge. 2. according to the described sugarcane seed bud counting system based on resistive strain gauge of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described seed bud signal amplifying circuit comprises: A two-stage inverting amplifier circuit for amplifying the seed bud signal; A reverse protection circuit for reverse protection; a voltage stabilizing circuit for stabilizing the voltage of the circuit; and A power indicator circuit that indicates the power supply voltage of the circuit. 3. The sugarcane bud counting system based on resistive strain gauges according to claim 1, characterized in that: the display is an LED digital tube.