CN103887782B - A kind of mixed type magnetic flux Coupled Superconducting fault current limiter and current-limiting method - Google Patents
A kind of mixed type magnetic flux Coupled Superconducting fault current limiter and current-limiting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103887782B CN103887782B CN201410145473.0A CN201410145473A CN103887782B CN 103887782 B CN103887782 B CN 103887782B CN 201410145473 A CN201410145473 A CN 201410145473A CN 103887782 B CN103887782 B CN 103887782B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of mixed type magnetic flux Coupled Superconducting fault current limiter and current-limiting method, in the present invention：The first side winding coil of coupling transformer is connected with high-speed switch and is incorporated to MOA zinc oxide resistance sheets, and secondary side winding coil is in series with superconducting current-limiting material, then by first and second side winding coil in access power system major loop after reverse parallel connection.When power system is normally run, high-speed switch is in closure state；After short trouble occurs for system, high-speed switch triggering is controlled to disconnect, the magnetic flux lockout feature of coupling transformer will be released, and superconductor is switched to high-impedance state because of its through-flow setting more than critical current, and now current limiter is presented the hybrid composition of inductive resistance and carries out failure current limit operation.Fault current limiter of the invention is simple in construction, response is rapid, advantageously reduces A.C.power loss of the superconducting current-limiting material in normal operation, the system economy of lifting current limiter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power system and automatic field, limited more particularly, to a kind of mixed type magnetic flux Coupled Superconducting failure
Flow device and current-limiting method.
Background technology
With society prosperity, economic progress, as national basis industry power industry also with the swift and violent impetus not
Disconnected development.Capacity of power unit, station capacity, city and commercial power load are increasing, add user and power supply is ensured
The further increasing of ability, power supply quality and reliability requirement so that power network is developed to more extensive, and nationwide integrated power grid is interconnected progressively
Formed.In fact, power system scale develop rapidly and internet interconnection technology using on the one hand add system transmission appearance
Amount, improves the flexibility of system operation, on the other hand also greatly strengthen the complexity of its own, and the original damping of system
Characteristic, frequency characteristic can all may be affected, and this also causes modern power systems to be faced with a series of new contradictions and ask
Topic.Wherein, short circuit current level increased dramatically, and the safe operation to power network brings great hidden danger.
Excessive short circuit current flow will cause following serious consequence：1）High-energy electric arc is produced, element is damaged；2）Around impact
Electrical equipment, causes its service life to decline；3）Cause conductor overheat or even melt, and destroy its insulation system；4）Influence electricity
Dynamic quality, system voltage significantly declines, and causes customer power supply to be destroyed；5）Operation of Electric Systems stability is shaken
Fluctuation is swung, brings whole system to disintegrate when serious；6）Electromagnetic interference is caused to the communication line in power circuit；7）Jeopardize the person
Safety.
As power network is continued to develop, fault current constantly increases, simple unrealistic by breaker breaking capacity is improved,
One is that from the point of view of technology and economic angle, rupturing capacity can not possibly be improved always.Although current man of foreign department subsidiary factory can produce screening
Power-off stream reaches 80kA breaker, but actual use quantity is considerably less, and security reliability is also more difficult to get guarantee；Two be to carry
Also imply that equipment manufacturing cost will rise while high rupturing capacity, 80kA breaker cost is about the 1.8 of 63kA breakers
Times, transformation will be also related in addition or other existing auxiliary equipments are changed, total infusion of financial resources will be than larger.Substantial amounts of equipment
Transformation can also influence production run, and the economic loss thus triggered is also considerable.
Supplied for the burden for mitigating the various electrical equipments such as breaker, the operation stability for improving power system, guarantee user
Electricity security reliability and strengthen electric energy dynamic mass, it is proposed that the technical concept of fault current limiter, the equipment in system just
Low ESR often is presented during operation, high impedance is symbolized in the system failure and carries out current-limiting operation.
The overall development direction of current failure demand limiter is to be based on new material and combine relevant control technology, according to
The difference of application material, substantially can be classified as two classes again：One class is to select conventional material, the structure type of such current limiter and
Current limliting mechanism has their own characteristics each, for example, change the electric current transfevent of current path based on switch on and off, using the series connection of string benefit technology
Offset-type, the mode of resonance using resonance principle and solid-state version by flexible AC transmission technology etc.；It is another kind of, it is to use
New material, it is to choose the superconductive current limiter of superconductor that it, which represents type,.
The content of the invention
The present invention mainly solves the technical problem present in prior art；It is rapid there is provided a kind of simple in construction, response,
Short circuit current flow rapidly can be limited in certain level, and the introducing of coupling transformer contributes to the present invention in voltage levels
Applied in power system, and advantageously reduce A.C.power loss of the superconducting current-limiting material in normal operation, lifting current limiter
A kind of mixed type magnetic flux Coupled Superconducting fault current limiter of system economy.
The above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is mainly what is be addressed by following technical proposals：
A kind of mixed type magnetic flux Coupled Superconducting fault current limiter, it is characterised in that including coupling transformer, with coupling transformation
The high-speed switch of the first side winding coil series connection of device, the MOA oxidations being connected in parallel on the first side winding coil of coupling transformer
Zinc resistor disc, the superconducting current-limiting material connected with the secondary side winding coil of coupling transformer；The side of coupling transformer first and second around
Group coil is in access power system major loop after reverse parallel connection.
In a kind of above-mentioned mixed type magnetic flux Coupled Superconducting fault current limiter, the coupling transformer first side winding coil
Material with secondary side winding coil is common wire material, and superconducting current-limiting material is high-temperature superconductor.
In a kind of above-mentioned mixed type magnetic flux Coupled Superconducting fault current limiter, the high-speed switch be electromagnetic switch or
Power electronics solid-state switch.
A kind of mixed type magnetic flux Coupled Superconducting failure current limit method, it is characterised in that based on defined below：Us、Zs、Zload
Equivalent voltage source voltage, line impedance and load impedance are represented respectively.L1、L2、RmoaDifference indication transformer first siding ring W1
With second siding ring W2 self-induction and MOA ZnO resistors sheet resistances, RSFCLSituation resistance is quenched for high-temperature superconductor resistance, M is
Coupling transformer once, second siding ring mutual inductance.
Concrete operation method is as follows：When power system major loop does not break down, high-speed switch closure；In power train
When system major loop breaks down, high-speed switch, the decoupling of the coil of magnetic flux coupling transformer first and second, primary side inductance coil are disconnected
L1High pressure is produced, more than MOA zinc oxide resistance sheets RmoaCritical voltage, RmoaIt is quick to reduce, with first siding ring L1Formation is discharged back
Road, first siding ring L1Overvoltage is quickly suppressed, and high-temperature superconductor resistance excessively stream quenches RSFCL>0；Now, magnetic flux coupling transformation
Device secondary side L2With losing conductive resistance RSFCLSeries connection access main loop, quickly suppresses fault current;After failure removal, quickly open
Close and close, magnetic flux coupling transformer recovers lockout feature, high-temperature superconductor resistance RSFCLRecover superconducting state, fault current limiter recovers
Normal operation.
The present invention is when power system is normally run, and high-speed switch is in closure state, in view of the magnetic flux of coupling transformer
Offset（Locking）The group effect of low resistive state is presented in characteristic and superconductor, and current limiter is on main loop without influence；When being
System occurs after short trouble, and control high-speed switch triggering disconnects（MOA resistor discs are to suppress possible switching overvoltage）, coupling
The magnetic flux lockout feature of transformer will be released, and superconductor is switched to high resistant shape because of its through-flow setting more than critical current
State, the hybrid composition of now current limiter presentation inductive-resistive carries out failure current limit operation.
Therefore, the invention has the advantages that：Simple in construction, response is rapid, and short circuit current flow can be rapidly limited in one
Determine in level, and being introduced into for coupling transformer contributes to the present invention to be applied in voltage levels power system, and be conducive to drop
A.C.power loss of the low superconducting current-limiting material in normal operation, lifts the system economy of current limiter.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is applied to the topology diagram of power system for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is applied to the equivalent circuit diagram of power system for the present invention.
Fig. 3 is superconducting current-limiting material R in present example applicationSFCLResistance switching characteristic, abscissa be time t（s）,
Ordinate is superconduction resistance RSFCL（Ω）.
Fig. 4 is main circuit current i in the case of failure in present example applicationsOscillogram, abscissa be time t（s）,
Ordinate is electric current is（A）；Dotted line is faulty demand limiter, solid line non-faulty current limiter.
Fig. 5 is the side current waveform of magnetic flux coupling transformer first and second of AC system of the present invention, and abscissa is time t
（s）, ordinate is the electric current iTRV that the effluent of magnetic flux coupling transformer first and second is crossed（A）.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, technical scheme is described in further detail.
Embodiment：
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is main by the control to high-speed switch closure state, is offset based on magnetic flux（Locking）It is special
Property and the low high-impedance state of superconductor conversion, realize inductive-resistive formula mixing current limiting operate.
The present invention includes coupling transformer, the high-speed switch connected with the first side winding coil of coupling transformer, parallel connection
MOA zinc oxide resistance sheets on the first side winding coil of coupling transformer, the secondary side winding coil with coupling transformer
The superconducting current-limiting material of series connection；The side winding coil of coupling transformer first and second is in access power system major loop after reverse parallel connection.
Wherein, the material of coupling transformer first side winding coil and secondary side winding coil is common wire material, is surpassed
Flow-restrictive material is led for high-temperature superconductor；High-speed switch is electromagnetic switch or power electronics solid-state switch.
Equivalent circuit relation based on magnetic flux coupling transformer Yu superconduction resistance, the present invention is applied to AC electric power systems
Isoboles is as shown in Fig. 2 Us、Zs、ZloadEquivalent voltage source voltage, line impedance and load impedance are represented respectively.L1、L2、RmoaPoint
Other indication transformer first siding ring W1 and second siding ring W2 self-induction and MOA ZnO resistors sheet resistances, RSFCLFor high temperature
Superconduction resistance quenches situation resistance, M be coupling transformer once, second siding ring mutual inductance.
System is normally run, gate-controlled switch S1 closure states, RmoaIn high-impedance state equivalent to open circuit, RSFCLIn low resistance state phase
When in short circuit, being drawn according to Fig. 2, the equiva lent impedance of mixed type magnetic flux Coupled Superconducting fault current limiter：
Coupling transformer no-load voltage ratio, two lateral coil coupling efficiencies are expressed asThen can be with
By equation（1）It is expressed as：ZCT=jωL2(1-k2)n2/(n2+ 2kn+1), if k levels off to or equal to 0 in equation, i.e. transformer coupling
Conjunction rate k can be approximated to be 1, then ZCT≈ 0, therefore under normal circumstances, low-resistance is presented in mixed type magnetic flux Coupled Superconducting fault current limiter
It is anti-, on system without influence.
In the case of failure, gate-controlled switch S1 quick-speed turning on-offs, the decoupling of the coil of magnetic flux coupling transformer first and second, primary side electricity
Feel coil L1High pressure is produced, more than MOA zinc oxide resistance sheets RmoaCritical voltage, RmoaIt is quick to reduce, with first siding ring L1Formed
Discharge loop, first siding ring L1Overvoltage is quickly suppressed, and high-temperature superconductor resistance excessively stream quenches RSFCL>0.Therefore, mix
The impedance value of type magnetic flux Coupled Superconducting Fault Current Limiting Device is：
WithFirst and second lateral coil size of current in the case of coupling transformer failure is represented respectively, can be expressed as：
It is based on（1）、（2）、（3）Equation andThe event of mixed type magnetic flux Coupled Superconducting
Hinder current-limiting apparatus equivalent impedance：ZSFCL=[RYBCO+jωL2+(knωL2)2/(Rmoa+n2jωL2)], due to coupling transformer one
Secondary lateral coil discharge loop resistance Rmoa>>n2ωL2, so in the case of mixed type magnetic flux Coupled Superconducting Fault Current Limiting Device failure
Impedance ZSFCL≈jωL2+RSFCL。
Magnetic flux coupling transformer one, two lateral coils select common wire material in this example, and gate-controlled switch S1 is power electronics
Switch, superconduction resistance is high-temperature superconductor resistance YBCO, and the AC power of main loop is ideal voltage source.Structural parameters are such as
Under：Us=380sinωtV；Magnetic flux coupling transformer self-induction of loop, mutual inductance：L1=L2=4mH、M=3.96mH；Superconduction resistance quenches electricity
Resistance：RSFCL=2Ω；Line impedance：Z1=(1+3j)Ω；Load impedance：Z2=15+2jΩ；MOA zinc oxide resistance sheets low resistance state electricity
Resistance：Rmoa=2Ω；Power frequency f=50Hz.
Fig. 3 show the resistance characteristic of superconduction resistance, and resistance is 0, t under normal circumstances0Short circuit, superconduction occur for the moment
Resistance is quenched, and metering function, t are played to fault current1Moment failure removal, superconduction resistance starts to recover superconducting state, t2Moment is extensive
Multiple superconducting state, superconduction resistance size can be given according to system actual conditions：RSFCL=Rm。
Main circuit breaker CB is cut-off before circuit in the case of Fig. 4 show failure, and it is super that AC system whether there is the coupling of mixed type magnetic flux
Lead the current waveform figure in the case of Fault Current Limiting Device.Within 0~1s times, AC electric power systems is normally run, 1s~
In the 1.5s times, short trouble occurs for AC electric power systems.Solid line indicates no current-limiting apparatus AC system electric current is, dotted line represents
Flow restrictions AC system electric current is.System normal operating current peak value is 22.6A in this example, during failure, such as without installation limit
Device is flowed, shown in solid, current peak a cycle after short circuit rapidly rises to 145.5A；As system installs current limliting dress
Put, during failure, control gate-controlled switch S1 cut-offs, and limits system failure electric current, shown in dotted line, a cycle after failure generation
Interior energy suppresses the peak value of system failure electric current in 69A or so, and current limitation effect is obvious.
Fig. 5 show the coil current waveform figure of magnetic flux coupling transformer first and second, and gate-controlled switch S1 disconnects during 1s, coupling
Transformer primary side cut-offs with system.Solid line represents magnetic flux coupling transformer primary side current, and dotted line represents secondary side current, therefore
In the case of barrier, fault current flows to trouble point by couples magnetic flux Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer and high-temperature superconductor resistance.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to spirit explanation for example of the invention.Technology neck belonging to of the invention
The technical staff in domain can be made various modifications or supplement to described specific embodiment or be replaced using similar mode
Generation, but without departing from the spiritual of the present invention or surmount scope defined in appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of mixed type magnetic flux Coupled Superconducting failure current limit method, it is characterised in that using a mixed type magnetic flux coupling
Superconductive failure current limiter, including coupling transformer, connected with the first siding ring of coupling transformer high-speed switch, be connected in parallel on coupling
The superconduction limit for close the MOA zinc oxide resistance sheets on the first siding ring of transformer, connecting with the second siding ring of coupling transformer
Flow material；The lateral coil of coupling transformer first and second is in access power system major loop after reverse parallel connection；The coupling transformer one
The material of secondary lateral coil and second siding ring is common wire material, and superconducting current-limiting material is high-temperature superconductor；It is described quickly to open
Close as electromagnetic switch or power electronics solid-state switch；
The mixed type magnetic flux Coupled Superconducting failure current limit method is based on defined below：Us、Zs、ZloadEquivalent voltage source is represented respectively
Voltage, line impedance and load impedance, L1、L2、RmoaRespectively indication transformer first siding ring W1 and second siding ring W2 from
Sense and MOA ZnO resistors sheet resistances, RSFCLQuench situation resistance for high-temperature superconductor resistance, M be coupling transformer once, it is secondary
Lateral coil mutual inductance；
Concrete operation method is as follows：When power system major loop does not break down, high-speed switch closure；In power system master
When loop is broken down, high-speed switch, the decoupling of the coil of magnetic flux coupling transformer first and second, primary side inductance coil L are disconnected1Production
Raw high pressure, more than MOA zinc oxide resistance sheets RmoaCritical voltage, RmoaIt is quick to reduce, with primary side inductance coil L1Form electric discharge
Loop, primary side inductance coil L1Overvoltage is quickly suppressed, and high-temperature superconductor resistance excessively stream quenches RSFCL＞ 0；Now, magnetic flux
Coupling transformer secondary side inductance coil L2With losing conductive resistance RSFCLSeries connection access main loop, quickly suppresses fault current；Therefore
After barrier excision, high-speed switch closure, magnetic flux coupling transformer recovers couple state, high-temperature superconductor resistance RSFCLRecover superconduction shape
State, fault current limiter recovers normal operation.
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| CN105071364B (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2019-05-21 | 国网智能电网研究院 | A method of limitation transformer station secondary system cable shield parasite current |
| CN106921150B (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2018-12-28 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of hybrid DC superconducting current limiter based on energy fast transfer |
| CN108539788A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-09-14 | 武汉大学 | A kind of system and method improving double-fed fan trouble ride-through capability based on SFCL and SMES |
| CN110221159B (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2020-08-21 | 杭州电力设备制造有限公司 | Transformer fault detection method, system and equipment based on iron core magnetic flux leakage |
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