Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of antenna element, many antenna modules and radio interconnected equipment.
A kind of antenna element, comprises medium substrate and is attached to the antenna conductor on described medium substrate, the maximum gain direction of described antenna element is consistent with described medium substrate plate face bearing of trend.
Further, described medium substrate by dielectric constant be less than 10, loss tangent is less than 0.04 material and makes.
Further, described medium substrate by dielectric constant be less than 6.5, loss tangent is less than 0.009 material and makes.
Further, described medium substrate is made up of one or both or two or more material.
Further, described medium substrate is made up of epoxy resin or polytetrafluoroethylene.
Further, described medium substrate is made up of glass-fiber-fabric and cross linking of epoxy resin compound of reaction.
Further, described medium substrate is made by surpassing plate of material, and described super plate of material comprises substrate and is attached to the micro-structural on substrate.
Further, the size of described micro-structural be less than described antenna element the corresponding electromagnetic wavelength of operating frequency 1/2nd.
Further, the size of described micro-structural be less than described antenna element the corresponding electromagnetic wavelength of operating frequency 1/4th.
Further, the size of described micro-structural be less than described antenna element the corresponding electromagnetic wavelength of operating frequency 1/6th.
Further, described antenna conductor comprises main element for being connected with feeder line, is used for strengthening the director of radio wave, and described main element and director are the conductor lines being attached on described medium substrate.
Further, described director is the diffusing structure being made up of conductor material along the setting of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation direction.
Further, described main element is straight line or curve.
Further, the live width of the conductor lines of described main element equates everywhere or is not exclusively equal.
Further, described main element is open curve ring or opening broken line ring, and the end, two ends of the opening of described main element is respectively distributing point and earth point.
Further, described main element is rhombus ring, circular rings, straight-flanked ring or triangle ring or the polygon ring at arbitrary angle opening.
Further, described medium substrate comprises two surfaces, and at least one described director is arranged on another surface different from surface, described main element place.
Further, described antenna conductor comprises and is arranged on wherein lip-deep first antenna conductor and be arranged on another lip-deep the second antenna conductor of described medium substrate.
Further, described antenna element comprises multilayer dielectric substrate, and antenna conductor is arranged on wherein on one or more layers medium substrate.
The invention still further relates to a kind of many antenna modules, comprise dieletric reflection face and be arranged at least one antenna sets on described dielectric surface, the radio wave frequency that different antennae group is used is not identical, and each antenna sets comprises the antenna element that at least one is above-mentioned.
Further, described dieletric reflection face is the conductive micro structures with geometrical pattern.
Further, the size of described conductive micro structures is less than 1/2nd of the corresponding wavelength of radio wave frequency that described antenna sets uses.
Further, the size of described conductive micro structures is less than 1/4th of the corresponding wavelength of radio wave frequency that described antenna sets uses.
Further, the size of described conductive micro structures is less than 1/6th of the corresponding wavelength of radio wave frequency that described antenna sets uses.
Further, described many antenna modules comprise two antenna sets, are respectively the first antenna sets and the second antenna sets, and the main element size difference of the antenna element of the two.
Further, described the first antenna sets and the second antenna sets comprise the antenna element of similar number, and the described antenna element of described the first antenna sets is arranged by the described antenna element compartment of terrain of described the second antenna sets.
Further, described the first antenna sets and described the second antenna sets comprise respectively identical separately antenna element, and described antenna element is separately on the described medium substrate of being distributed on of angular array.
Further, each described antenna element outer setting has a reflector.
Further, described reflector is the large hatch frame in little one end, one end, and described opening is towards the maximum gain direction of described antenna element.
The invention still further relates to a kind of radio interconnected equipment, comprise above-mentioned many antenna modules, the housing of the feeder line corresponding with described antenna element and accommodating described antenna element or described many antenna modules.
With respect to prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is: because maximum gain direction is consistent with medium substrate plate face bearing of trend, there is good directivity and long-distance transmissions performance, adopt the radio interconnected equipment of these many antenna modules also can obtain good data transmission performance.
Embodiment
Now in detail with reference to the embodiment describing in accompanying drawing.For complete understanding the present invention, numerous details are mentioned in the following detailed description.But it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention can realize without these details.In other embodiments, be not described in detail known method, process, assembly and circuit, in order to avoid unnecessarily make embodiment fuzzy.
The present invention relates to a kind of antenna element, comprise medium substrate and be attached to the antenna conductor on medium substrate, the maximum gain direction of antenna element is consistent with described medium substrate plate face bearing of trend, and also this antenna element is end-on-fire antenna.End-on-fire antenna has multiple, will be described several end-on-fire antenna herein.
Above-mentioned medium substrate by dielectric constant be less than 10, loss tangent is less than 0.02 material and makes, the material that preferably dielectric constant is less than 6.5, loss tangent is less than 0.009.This material can be that a kind of pure material forms, and can be also the composite material that two or more material forms.For example, medium substrate is epoxy resin board, polyfluortetraethylene plate, Teflon plate, halogen plate, Rogers's high frequency plate or ceramic wafer.The composite material that medium substrate also can be made up of fiber cloth and cross linking of epoxy resin compound of reaction is made.In addition, medium substrate is made by surpassing plate of material, and described super plate of material comprises substrate and is attached to the micro-structural on substrate.Conventionally, the size of micro-structural be less than described antenna element the corresponding electromagnetic wavelength of operating frequency 1/2nd, be preferably less than 1/4th, best for being less than 1/6th.
As shown in Figure 1, antenna element 4 of the present invention comprises medium substrate 40 and is attached to the antenna conductor on medium substrate 40, and antenna conductor comprises main element and director.Medium substrate 40 adopts FR4, F4b material to make, or the baseplate material that adopts of other existing antennas.
Main element is used for being connected with feeder line, comprises two strip conductor lines, is respectively the first conductor lines 48 and the second conductor lines 49, and wherein the first conductor lines 48 is electrically connected with the outer conductor of coaxial line feeder line, and the second conductor lines 49 is electrically connected with the heart yearn of coaxial line feeder line.Obviously, the position of the first conductor lines 48, the second conductor lines 49 is interchangeable.As shown in Figure 1, the first conductor lines 48 and the second conductor lines 49 on same straight line, between the two every at regular intervals.
Director can only have one, also can have multiplely, is and is attached to the lip-deep conductor lines of medium substrate 40.When director has when multiple, the conductor lines of each formation director is parallel to each other, and is all positioned at the same side of main element, is used for strengthening the electromagnetic intensity of residing main element one side, and concrete structure as shown in Figure 1.The 3rd conductor lines 45 in Fig. 1, the 4th conductor lines 46, the 5th conductor lines 47 form respectively three directors, three directors are arranged in parallel to each other, and parallel with the first conductor lines 48, the second conductor lines 49 that form main element certain, can be not parallel between director, also needn't be parallel with main element.The length of three directors can be identical, also can be different, and for electromagnetic wave is guided better effects if into, preferred length equates.In addition, the quantity of director can be three, can be also two even one, or more than three.The straight line at main element place is greater than above-mentioned arbitrary strip conductor line with above-mentioned arbitrary strip conductor line parallel and total length, and preferably the center of main element and three central points of above-mentioned first, second, third conductor lines are on same straight line.
The above-mentioned first to the 5th conductor lines all adopts electric conducting material to make, preferable alloy line, such as copper, aluminium etc.
Director is that its structure is not limited to the shape of above-mentioned parallel wire along the diffusing structure being made up of conductor material of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation direction setting, can also be not exclusively equal straight line or curve of curve or live width.Equally, main element can be straight line or curve, and the live width of its conductor lines can equate everywhere, also can be not exclusively equal.Main element can also be open curve ring or opening broken line ring, for example, be rhombus ring, circular rings, straight-flanked ring or triangle ring or polygon ring at arbitrary angle opening.Can also be, medium substrate comprises two surfaces, and at least one described director is arranged on another surface different from surface, described main element place.
The present invention also protects a kind of many antenna modules, as shown in Figure 2, comprises dieletric reflection face 1 and is contained in the above-mentioned antenna element 4 on dieletric reflection face 1.When antenna element 4 has multiplely, and the operating frequency of these antenna unit 4 is in the time of same frequency or same frequency range, and they form an antenna sets.
The radio wave that dieletric reflection face 1 uses for reflecting arbitrary antenna element 4, the radio wave of use refers to the electromagnetic wave of each antenna element generation or the electromagnetic wave that each antenna element receives.In certain embodiments, reflecting medium face 1 can adopt copper or other electric conducting material to make, and can a nonplanar surface.Be understandably, reflecting medium face 1 can have discrete point, as be processed into network structure or offer the mode such as porose the dielectric surface of realizing reflection wave function, wherein the size in network structure or hole is less than 1/10th of wavelength of radio wave that described many antenna modules use.Dieletric reflection face also can be for having the conductive micro structures of geometrical pattern, and conductive micro structures can have any shape, as long as it is made for electric conducting material, can reflect radio wave.The size of conductive micro structures is less than 1/2nd of the corresponding wavelength of radio wave frequency that described antenna sets uses, is preferably less than 1/4th, best for being less than 1/6th.Conductive micro structures can be arranged according to certain rule, also can be arranged in randomly on a base plate.
Director on dieletric reflection face 1 and each antenna element 4 lays respectively at the main element both sides of this antenna element 4, wherein dieletric reflection face 1 is reflector, the first conductor lines 48 and second conductor lines 49 of main element form active dipole, and the 3rd, the 4th, the 5th conductor lines has formed three directors.And because main element of the present invention, director have all adopted conductor lines the form of non-metallic pipe, therefore volume reduces greatly, structure is compacter, and antenna also continues the good directivity of Yagi antenna.Meanwhile, multiple antenna elements 4 share a dieletric reflection face 1, also can greatly save space, reduce the volume of antenna.
When antenna element 4 has when multiple, preferably arrange according to rule definitely.Antenna element 4 shown in Fig. 2 has three, and three antenna elements 4 are identical.The operating frequency of these three antenna elements 4 is also basic identical so, forms an antenna sets, for receiving and dispatching the radio wave of this operating frequency.
In Fig. 2, there are three identical antenna elements 4, the medium substrate 40 of each antenna element 4 is vertically arranged on institute's matter reflecting surface 1, three antenna elements are mutually 60 degree, and the medium substrate 40 of three antenna elements 4 is along intersecting formation equilateral triangle after surface direction prolongation separately.
Three antenna elements 4 can also be arranged according to another kind of mode, the medium substrate 40 that is each antenna element 4 is equally vertically arranged on dieletric reflection face 1, and three antenna elements 4 are mutually 120 degree, prolongation intersecting lens take same straight line as any two medium substrate surfaces, and three antenna elements 4 all equate to the distance of this prolongation intersecting lens.
Certainly, antenna module of the present invention must not only have three antenna elements, can only have one, two or more than three.Antenna element is uninevitable yet arranges according to the mode of above-mentioned decile angle, also can arrange according to array or random fashion.
When the antenna element 4 on dieletric reflection face 1 has multiple (herein multiple, all refer to more than two and two), and the operating frequency of multiple antenna elements 4 is incomplete same, antenna element 4 is incomplete same in other words while making operating frequency separately different, will be divided into different antenna sets according to different operating frequencies.The entirety that has at least one antenna sets on dieletric reflection face 1 and form, is called many antenna modules.
As shown in Figure 3, many antenna modules in the present embodiment have two antenna sets, each antenna sets comprises three identical antenna elements, hereinafter antenna element large size is called to the antenna sets that 2, three the first identical antenna elements 2 of the first antenna element form and is referred to as the first antenna sets.The antenna element that size is little is referred to as the antenna sets that 3, three the second identical antenna elements 3 of the second antenna element form and is referred to as the second antenna sets.Because the size of the first antenna element 2 is greater than the second antenna element 3, therefore, the antenna that the operating frequency of the antenna that the first antenna element 2 and dieletric reflection face 1 form will form lower than the second antenna element and dieletric reflection face 1.Therefore, many antenna modules of the present embodiment belong to dual-band antenna.Certainly, here the principal element that affects operating frequency is the size of main element, therefore, even if the size of the medium substrate of the first antenna element 2 and the second antenna element 3 is all identical, as long as the main element size of the first antenna element 2 is greater than the main element of the second antenna element 3, the former operating frequency conventionally all can be lower than the latter so.
The medium substrate of each antenna element is perpendicular to dieletric reflection face 1, and its installation makes the director of this antenna element and described dieletric reflection face 1 be positioned at the both sides of this antenna element main element.
As shown in Figure 3, three the first antenna elements 2 are mutually 120 degree, and prolongation intersecting lens take same straight line as three medium substrate surfaces, and three the first antenna elements 2 all equate to the distance of described prolongation intersecting lens.Also can be understood as, three the first antenna elements 2 are take same point as pivot, and arbitrary the first antenna element 2 overlaps with another first antenna element 2 after spending with this pivot rotation 120.
Three the second antenna elements 3 are arranged by the mode shown in Fig. 2, and the medium substrate that is mutually between two 60 degree and three the second antenna elements 3 intersects formation equilateral triangle after surface direction extends.Between every two the first antenna elements 2, be provided with second antenna element 3, and these two the first antenna elements 2 are symmetrically located at this second antenna element 3 both sides, make three the first antenna elements 2 be arranged in successively three adjacent spaces of three the second antenna elements 3.Certainly, each antenna sets must not only have three antenna elements, can only have one, two or more than three.Antenna element is uninevitable yet arranges according to the mode of above-mentioned decile angle, also can arrange according to array or random fashion.
In order to verify the effect of antenna module of the present invention and many antenna modules, exemplify a specific embodiment, the wherein long 95mm of medium substrate 20 of the first antenna element 2, wide 50mm, the first conductor lines 28, all long 20mm of the second conductor lines 29, wide 1.5mm.The long 55mm of medium substrate 20 of the first antenna element 2, the second antenna element 3, wide 25mm, the first conductor lines 38, all long 9mm of the second conductor lines 39, wide 1mm.Dieletric reflection face 1 is Copper Foil.Carry out emulation as shown in Figure 4,5 with the many antenna modules that there is above-mentioned size and arrange as shown in Figure 3.Fig. 4, Fig. 5 show, these many antenna modules, in 2.4000 ~ 2.4800GHz and two band limits of 5.7250 ~ 5.8500GHz, all have very good impedance matching.
In sum, antenna element of the present invention, antenna module, many antenna modules have good directivity, and working frequency range is 2.4GHz and two frequency ranges of 5.8GHz, belong to dual-band antenna, and there is bandwidth, high, easy debugging gains.Obviously, in the time that many antenna modules of the present invention have three or more antenna sets, can obtain multifrequency antenna, also belong to protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, it should be noted that, the antenna sets of the present embodiment is directly installed on dieletric reflection face, and therefore dieletric reflection face is equivalent to mounting base.Obviously, antenna sets is connected with dieletric reflection face after can first relatively fixing by other mounting structures again, does not even connect.Dieletric reflection face is only used for the electromagnetic wave that the antenna element of reflecting antenna group sends and receives, and must not play installation effect.Therefore, antenna module of the present invention and many antenna modules, as long as dieletric reflection face is positioned at a side of antenna element, within belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Described antenna conductor can also be other structures, and antenna conductor can comprise and is arranged on wherein lip-deep first antenna conductor and be arranged on another lip-deep the second antenna conductor of described medium substrate.In example many antenna modules and antenna element thereof as shown in Figure 6, Figure 7, each antenna element comprises medium substrate 34, is attached to the first antenna conductor 32 on medium substrate 34 1 side surfaces and is attached to lip-deep the second antenna conductor 35 of medium substrate 34 opposite sides.Two antenna conductors are approximate L shaped, and L shaped towards the opposite.The outside of each antenna element is arranged with a reflector 33, and reflector 33 is the large hatch frame in little one end, one end, and described opening is towards the maximum gain direction of the antenna element being enclosed.
Certainly, antenna element of the present invention can also have other structures, as long as the maximum gain direction of this antenna element is along the extension of medium substrate plate face direction, within belonging to protection range of the present invention.The maximum gain direction of the antenna element is here consistent with medium substrate plate face bearing of trend, comprise that this maximum gain direction becomes the situation of less certain angle with medium substrate plate face,, when becoming to be less than the angle of 45 degree between the two, be for example also that this maximum gain direction is consistent with medium substrate plate face bearing of trend.
When antenna element comprises multilayer dielectric substrate, antenna conductor can be arranged on wherein on one or more layers medium substrate.
The invention still further relates to a kind of radio interconnected equipment, comprise have internal cavities housing, be placed in above-mentioned antenna element or above-mentioned many antenna modules in this cavity, also comprise the feeder line with the corresponding connection of antenna element of antenna element or many antenna modules.This radio interconnected equipment can be the various wireless devices such as wifi ceiling mount antenna, wireless router, TV set-top box.
Antenna element of the present invention and many antenna modules thereof, because maximum gain direction is consistent with medium substrate plate face bearing of trend, there is good directivity and long-distance transmissions performance, adopt the radio interconnected equipment of these many antenna modules also can obtain good data transmission performance.
By reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are described above; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment is only schematic; rather than restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; not departing from the scope situation that aim of the present invention and claim protect, also can make a lot of forms, within these all belong to protection of the present invention.