CN103868555B - Difference detection method during a kind of circulation for ultrasonic flowmeter - Google Patents
Difference detection method during a kind of circulation for ultrasonic flowmeter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses difference detection method during a kind of circulation for ultrasonic flowmeter.It is angled to be arranged in tested pipeline both sides using a pair of transducers as launching and receiving signal detection group.One detection cycle process is as follows：Control two transducers（A、B）Simultaneously as transmitting terminal, launch different frequency pulse signal；Two transducers of control are used as receiving terminal, record transducer A transmission signals reach transducer B time, transducer B transmission signals arrival transducer A time respectively, and the time difference is calculated, Continuous plus n times take calculate average time difference the kth time to+n time differences of kth（K=1 ..., N n）, flow velocity and flow are calculated with reference to geological information.Compared with traditional time difference method, the detection method that the present invention is provided can meet demand of the transit time ultrasonic flow meters for high measurement accuracy on the basis of equipment amount is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technology of ultrasonic flow meters, in particular to a method for detecting cycle time difference of an ultrasonic flow meter.
Background
Compared with mechanical flowmeters and electromagnetic flowmeters, ultrasonic flowmeters have the following advantages: the device has the advantages of high metering precision, strong adaptability to pipe diameters, non-contact measurement, convenient use, easy digital management and the like. With the development of piezoelectric ceramic technology, electronic technology and high-speed digital signal processing technology, the performance of the ultrasonic flowmeter is greatly improved, and the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced, so that the ultrasonic flowmeter is widely applied to the industrial field and daily life.
At present, the time difference method is mostly adopted in the design of the ultrasonic flowmeter for signal detection, and the detection principle of the time difference method ultrasonic flowmeter is briefly introduced below. The working principle of the time-difference ultrasonic flowmeter is shown in figure 1, and the time-difference ultrasonic flowmeter is an indirect measurement method which utilizes a pair of ultrasonic transducers to transmit and receive ultrasonic waves, measures the flow velocity of fluid by measuring the propagation time difference of forward flow and backward flow of the ultrasonic waves in the fluid and calculates the flow by the flow velocity.
Energy converterAnd a transducerTwo transducers are respectively arranged on both sides of the fluid line and are spaced apart from each other in a direction perpendicular to the cross-section of the fluid line, the internal diameter of the fluid line beingThe path length of the ultrasonic wave propagation isThe time of the downstream propagation of the ultrasonic wave isThe time of counter-current propagation isThe propagation direction of the ultrasonic wave forms an angle with the flow direction of the fluid. Ultrasonic downstream propagation due to fluid flowThe length of the distance takes less time than the time taken for the counter-flow, and the flow rate measurement principle can be expressed by the following equation:
（1）
wherein:is the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic waves in the non-flowing medium,is the flow velocity of the target fluid and,andare forward and reverse flow propagation times.
Subtracting the two equations in (1) can obtain:
（2）
since the fluid flow velocity is very small compared to the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic waves in the medium, the above equation can be simplified as follows:
（3）
thus giving a flow rate of fluid of:
（4）
after the flow velocity is measured, the flow rate can be calculated by calculating the sectional area of the pipeline:
（5）
wherein:in order to be the flow rate,in order to be the flow rate of the gas,is the internal diameter of the pipeline.
When the existing time difference method ultrasonic flowmeter detects the time difference, the following two methods are generally adopted:
the method comprises the following steps: the detection process is as follows by adopting a pair of ultrasonic transducers:
1) ultrasonic transducerAs transmitting end, transducerAs a receiving end, controlling the transducerTransmitting a signal and then detecting the transducerThe received signals are used for obtaining the downstream propagation time of the ultrasonic waves in the fluid；
2) Ultrasonic transducerAs transmitting end, transducerAs a receiving end, controlling the transducerTransmitting a signal and then detecting the transducerThe received signals are used for obtaining the time of the ultrasonic wave in the counter-current propagation in the fluid；
3) Calculating the propagation time difference between forward flow and backward flow。
The second method comprises the following steps: two pairs of ultrasonic transducers are adopted, and the detection process is as follows:
1) ultrasonic transducerAs transmitting end, transducerAs a receiving end, controlling the transducerTransmitting a signal and then detecting the transducerThe received signals are used for obtaining the downstream propagation time of the ultrasonic waves in the fluid(ii) a Simultaneous ultrasonic transducerAs transmitting end, transducerAs a receiving end, controlling the transducerTransmitting a signal and then detecting the transducerThe received signals are used for obtaining the time of the ultrasonic wave in the counter-current propagation in the fluid；
2) Calculating the propagation time difference between forward flow and backward flow。
Considering practical application conditions, the defects of the two existing time difference detection methods are analyzed from three aspects of measurement precision, power consumption and manufacturing cost respectively:
the first method measures a time difference value, the ultrasonic wave needs to be transmitted back and forth in the target fluid once, if the flow velocity of the target fluid is not uniform and changes frequently, the real-time performance of the time difference value measured by the first method is affected, certain errors exist in the calculated flow velocity, and finally the flow precision obtained through calculation is limited.
In the second method, two pairs of ultrasonic transducers are used for measurement, so that although the time for obtaining a time difference value through measurement can be shortened, the complexity of a control and detection circuit is increased, the power consumption of the whole flowmeter is increased, and the power consumption is also an important index which must be considered in design in practical application.
In practical application, the manufacturing cost is an important standard for evaluating the design, the second method uses two pairs of transducers, the complexity of a control and detection circuit is high, and the manufacturing cost is increased while the power consumption is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cycle time difference detection method for a time-difference ultrasonic flowmeter, which can simultaneously solve the problems of high measurement precision, low power consumption and low manufacturing cost of the time-difference ultrasonic flowmeter.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a method for detecting the circulation time difference of an ultrasonic flowmeter adopts the ultrasonic propagation time difference between ultrasonic transducers arranged on two sides of a pipeline, and comprises the following detection steps:
1) using a pair of ultrasonic transducersAnd a transducerThe probe groups used as transmitting and receiving signal probes are respectively distributed on two sides of the pipeline in an asymmetric way and have a certain distance; the transducer is controlled to be communicated with the signal generator through the switch 1 and the switch 2, the time measuring equipment is connected with the switch 1 and the switch 2, and the operational circuit is connected with the time measuring equipment;
2) one measurement cycle includes two processes:
in the process 1, the signal generator is controlled to generate pulses with different frequencies respectively as transmitting signals, and the ultrasonic transducers are triggered simultaneouslyAnd a transducerAs a transmitting end transmitting signal;
process 2, in the intermittent period of pulse, controlling switch 1 and switch 2 to make ultrasonic transducerReceiving ultrasonic transducerThe transmitted signals are recorded by a time measuring deviceWhile simultaneously operating the ultrasonic transducerReceiving ultrasonic transducerThe transmitted signals are recorded by a time measuring device(ii) a Calculating the time difference of each group of pulse signals by using an arithmetic circuit；
And 3, in the operation circuit, when continuously receiving for n times in a circulating way,calculating the average time difference by taking the time difference from the kth time to the kth + n time：
；
3) According to the geometric principle, the flow rate of the fluid in the pipeline is as follows:
，
whereinIs the length of the path of the ultrasonic wave propagation,is the speed of light;
after the flow velocity is measured, the flow rate of the fluid in the pipeline is calculated by calculating the sectional area of the pipeline:
，
wherein,is the flow rate of the fluid in the pipeline,is the internal diameter of the pipeline.
The signal generator generates the transmission signal as pulse trains with different pulse frequencies.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: (1) the cycle time difference detection method provided by the invention adopts a double-switch and double-frequency technology, can simultaneously receive forward flow echoes and reverse flow echoes, and reduces the manufacturing cost; (2) the invention uses the method of calculating the average difference by cycle timing, thereby improving the measurement precision; the invention provides a more applicable detection method for the design of the time difference method ultrasonic flowmeter.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an ultrasonic flow meter design based on a cyclic time difference detection method.
Fig. 2 is a transmitted signal pattern.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a method for detecting the circulating time difference of an ultrasonic flowmeter, which comprises the following steps:
1) using a pair of ultrasonic transducersAnd a transducerThe probes are used as transmitting and receiving signal probes and are respectively arranged on two sides of the pipeline;
2) the control signal generator generates a transmission signal which is a pulse train with different pulse frequencies and simultaneously triggers the ultrasonic transducerAnd a transducerAs a transmitting terminal, transmitting signals;
3) in the intermittent period of the pulse, the switch 1 and the switch 2 are controlled to enable the ultrasonic transducer to workAnd a transducerAs a receiver for simultaneous signal reception (ultrasonic transducer)Receiving ultrasonic transducerTransmitted signal, ultrasonic transducerReceiving ultrasonic transducerThe transmitted signal);
4) recording ultrasonic transducers with time measuring devicesEach pulse signal transmitted reaches the ultrasonic transducerTime of concurrent propagation of ultrasonic waves(ii) a Ultrasonic transducer capable of recording simultaneouslyEach pulse signal transmitted reaches the ultrasonic transducerTime of counter-current propagation of the ultrasonic wave；
5) In the arithmetic circuit, the time difference of each group of pulse signals is calculated；
6) In the arithmetic circuit, the average time difference is calculated by taking the time difference from the kth time to the (k + n) th time:
，
and then calculating the flow velocity and the flow rate by combining the geometric information.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures.
The invention provides a novel time difference detection method for a time difference ultrasonic flowmeter, namely a circulating time difference detection method, which has the following specific principle:
as shown in fig. 1, a pair of ultrasonic transducers is usedAndrespectively arranged at both sides of and at a distance from the fluid line, the internal diameter of the line beingThe path length of the ultrasonic wave propagation isThe angle between the ultrasonic wave propagation direction and the fluid flowing direction isThe downstream propagation time of the ultrasonic wave isThe countercurrent propagation time is。
The detection steps are as follows:
1) using a pair of ultrasonic transducersAnd a transducerAs transmitting and receiving signal probes, respectively installed on both sides of the pipeline, as shown in fig. 2;
2) the control signal generator generates a transmission signal in the form of a pulse train with different pulse frequencies, as shown in FIG. 2, and simultaneously triggers the ultrasonic transducersAnd a transducerAs a hairThe transmitting end transmits signals;
3) controlling the ultrasonic transducer in the intermittent period of the pulseAnd a transducerAs a receiver for simultaneous signal reception (ultrasonic transducer)Receiving ultrasonic transducerTransmitted signal, ultrasonic transducerReceiving ultrasonic transducerThe transmitted signal);
4) recording ultrasonic transducerEach pulse signal transmitted reaches the ultrasonic transducerTime of concurrent propagation of ultrasonic waves(ii) a Ultrasonic transducer capable of recording simultaneouslyEach pulse signal transmitted reaches the ultrasonic transducerTime of (i) is overTime of counter-current propagation of sound wave；
5) Calculating the time difference of each group of pulse signals；
6) Calculating the average time difference by taking the time difference from the k time to the k + n time, wherein：
，
The flow velocity of the measured fluid can be obtained according to the working principle of the time difference method ultrasonic flowmeter:
（6）
wherein:it can be obtained by calculation from the results of the calculation,is the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic waves in the non-flowing medium,andare geometric parameters which are all fixed and constant values.
After the flow velocity is measured, the flow rate can be calculated by calculating the sectional area of the pipeline:
（7）
wherein:in order to be the flow rate,in order to be the flow rate of the gas,is the internal diameter of the pipeline.
Claims (2)
1. A cyclic time difference detection method for an ultrasonic flowmeter is characterized in that the ultrasonic propagation time difference between ultrasonic transducers arranged on two sides of a pipeline is adopted, and the detection steps are as follows:
1) a pair of ultrasonic transducer A and transducer B are used as a transmitting and receiving signal probe group and are respectively distributed on two sides of a pipeline asymmetrically at a certain distance; the transducer is controlled to be communicated with the signal generator through the switch 1 and the switch 2, the time measuring equipment is connected with the switch 1 and the switch 2, and the operational circuit is connected with the time measuring equipment;
2) one measurement cycle includes two processes:
in the process 1, a signal generator is controlled to generate pulses with different frequencies respectively as transmitting signals, and an ultrasonic transducer A and an ultrasonic transducer B are triggered to serve as transmitting end transmitting signals at the same time;
and 2, controlling the switch 1 and the switch 2 in the intermittent period of the pulse to enable the ultrasonic transducer A to receive the signal transmitted by the ultrasonic transducer B, and recording the time t when the ultrasonic waves respectively reach the receiving end by using time measuring equipmentl1,tl2,...,tlNSimultaneously, the ultrasonic transducer B receives the signals transmitted by the ultrasonic transducer A, and the time t of the ultrasonic waves respectively reaching the receiving end is recorded by a time measuring devices1,ts2,...,tsN(ii) a Calculating the time difference delta t of each group of pulse signals by using an arithmetic circuitx＝tlx-tsx,(x＝1,2,…,N)；
And 3, in the operation circuit, when the continuous N times of receiving are circularly taken, (1 is less than or equal to N), the time difference from the k time to the k + N time is taken to calculate the average time difference (k is 1,2, …, N-k):
3) according to the geometric principle, the flow rate of the fluid in the pipeline is as follows:
wherein L is the path length of the ultrasonic wave propagation, c is the light speed, and theta is the included angle between the ultrasonic wave propagation direction and the flow direction of the fluid;
after the flow velocity is measured, the flow rate of the fluid in the pipeline is calculated by calculating the sectional area of the pipeline:
wherein V is the flow velocity of the fluid in the pipeline, and D is the inner diameter of the pipeline.
2. The method of detecting a cyclic timing difference for an ultrasonic flow meter according to claim 1, wherein: the signal generator generates the transmission signal as pulse trains with different pulse frequencies.
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| CN106643930B (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2019-03-19 | 杭州思筑智能设备有限公司 | A kind of improved ultrasonic flowmeter |
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