CN103831075A - 一种新结构超重力旋转床装置及其应用 - Google Patents
一种新结构超重力旋转床装置及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种新结构超重力旋转床装置及其应用,包括电机、转子和壳体;所述的转子与电机全部内置在壳体内;所述壳体内设有承重板,该承重板将壳体分为反应腔体和平衡腔体;所述电机设置在平衡腔体内,该电机的传动轴穿过承重板与设置在反应腔体内的转子固定连接;所述设置壳体上设有气体进口、气体出口、液体进口和液体出口;所述平衡腔体上设有连通外界的管道。本发明装置将电机内置壳体后,省去了传统超重力旋转床转子与静止壳体之间的密封装置,结构更加紧凑,特别适用于高压体系的混合、传递和反应过程,有效的解决了高压体系反应不易平稳,密封困难的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种超重力旋转床装置及其应用,尤其是涉及一种电机内置式超重力旋转床装置及其应用。该装置能够应用于高压环境下混合、传递和反应过程强化,属于超重力技术领域。
背景技术
1979年,英国帝国化学公司(ICI)基于太空微重力传质过程几乎不进行的实验结果基础上,提出了超重力技术的概念,并发明了超重力旋转填充床(Rotating Packed Bed,简称RPB)。液体微元在超重力场下,被撕裂成微米或纳米级,大大强化传质和混合过程。1983年,ICI公司首次将超重力旋转床用于精馏过程。1989年,北京化工大学首次在国际上利用超重力旋转床进行了油田注水脱氧的商业化运行;1999年,Dow Chemical将超重力旋转床用于HClO的生产。经过30多年的发展,超重力技术已经扩展到诸多领域,并且其在国内外的研究进展迅速,已成功应用到油田注水脱氧、锅炉水脱氧、纳米粉体制备、烟气脱硫、生物氧化反应和除尘等过程。但是,目前超重力旋转床的应用大部分为常压下的应用,高压体系下的应用鲜少报道。
大部分化工过程需高温高压的混合、传递和反应条件,例如天然气脱硫、三甘醇脱水、加氢催化反应、加压合成芳樟醇、紫罗兰及橙花叔醇等香料。搅拌釜等带有转动部件的高压反应釜存在的最大问题是密封问题。为了推动行业的进步,相关研究人员发明了磁力驱动装置。将磁力驱动装置应用于反应设备,从根本上解决了以前填料密封、机械密封无法克服的轴封泄漏问题,无任何泄漏和污染,是国内目前进行高温、高压下的化学反应最为理想的装置,特别是进行易燃、易爆、有毒介质的化学反应,更加显示出它的优越性。
但是,将磁驱用于超重力旋转床中,在实际的使用过程当中,磁力驱动会产生大量的热量,一般的冷却方式无法将产生的热量移走。磁驱温度的升高,一方面带来安全隐患,另一方面,会对压力容器内部的反应物温度产生影响,从而影响反应、分离等化工过程。
发明内容
本发明要解决的第一个技术问题是提供一种新结构超重力旋转床装置。该装置将电机内置壳体后,省去了传统超重力旋转床转子与静止壳体之间的密封装置,结构更加紧凑,特别适用于高压体系的混合、传递和反应过程,使高压体系反应程更加平稳地进行,也有效的解决了高压体系密封难的问题。本发明中所述的“高压”是指压力为大于0.1MPa。
本发明要解决的第二个技术问题是提供上述装置在高压环境下,混合、传递和反应等操作过程中的应用。
为解决上述第一个技术问题,本发明一种新结构超重力旋转床装置,包括电机、转子和壳体;
所述转子与电机全部内置在壳体内;
所述壳体内设有承重板,该承重板将壳体分为反应腔体和平衡腔体;该承重板用于承接电机和转子的重量。
所述电机设置在平衡腔体内,该电机的传动轴穿过承重板与设置在反应腔体内的转子固定连接;
所述壳体上设有气体进口、气体出口、液体进口和液体出口;
所述平衡腔体上设有连通外界的管道。
上述两个腔体的设置,使得在转子填料上需要高温高压时,即便电机输出轴与承重板之间有少量的泄露,也会在较短的时间内使两个腔体达到压力平衡,从而无需严格的密封,解决了高压过程密封难的问题。
更为重要的是,可以直接通过连通外界的管道向平衡腔体内充入保护气,该保护气的压力和反应腔体内的压力相匹配,这样保证了反应腔体内的压力平稳,保证了物料反应的平稳进行。
优选地,所述反应腔体在承重板的上方,所述平衡腔体在承重板的下方;所述气体进口设置在反应腔体的侧壁,所述气体出口自转子中心延伸到反应腔体外,所述液体进口连接到转子中空部位周缘位置的液体分布器上;所述液体出口自承重板上开口延伸到反应腔体外;
更优选地,所述电机下端部设有管道连通反应腔体,使得泄露到电机下端部收集槽内液体返后到反应腔体排出。
优选地,所述反应腔体在承重板的下方,所述平衡腔体在承重板的上方;所述气体进口设置在反应腔体的侧壁,所述气体出口自转子中心延伸到反应腔体外,所述液体进口连接到转子中空部位周缘位置的液体分布器上;所述液体出口设置在反应腔体底部;
优选地,所述的电机为屏蔽电机。内置于壳体中的屏蔽电机可根据不同介质的混合、传递和反应过程选用不同材质的电机。内置于壳体内的电机内构件不会与腔体内的气体或者液体发生反应。
本发明要解决的第二个技术问题是提供一种上述装置在在高压环境下,混合、传递和反应等操作过程中的应用,电机转速优选20-3000rpm,腔体内操作温度优选-40-400℃,腔体内操作压力优选0.05-50MPa。
优选地,在反应腔体内物料反应时,平衡腔体内通过外接管道通入保护气,使反应腔体和平衡腔体内的压力平衡。
优选地,电机转速优选500-3000rpm,腔体内操作温度优选100-400℃,腔体内操作压力优选1-50MPa。
更优选地,电机转速优选2000-3000rpm,腔体内操作温度优选300-400℃,腔体内操作压力优选20-50MPa。
本发明具有如下有益效果:
本发明装置将电机内置壳体后,省去了传统超重力旋转床转子与静止壳体之间的密封装置,结构更加紧凑,特别适用于高压体系的混合、传递和反应过程,有效的解决了高压体系反应不易平稳,密封困难的问题。
附图说明
图1是本发明的实施例1超重力旋转床装置结构示意图;
图2是本发明的实施例2超重力旋转床装置结构示意图;
图3是本发明的电机内置式超重力旋转床装置混合、传递和反应过程的流程示意图;
其中:
10-电机,20-转子,30-壳体,31-承重板,32-反应腔体,33-平衡腔体,331-连通外界的管道,34-气体进口,35-气体出口,36-液体进口,361-液体分布器,37-液体出口,13-钢瓶,141、142、143-阀,151、152、153-流量计,161、162-泵,171、172、173-储罐。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明的实施方案做进一步说明。但本发明不限于所列出的实施例。
实施例1
参见图1所示,一种新结构超重力旋转床装置,包括电机10、转子20和壳体30;
所述的转子20与电机10全部内置在壳体30内;
所述的电机10为屏蔽电机;内置于壳体中的屏蔽电机可根据不同介质的混合、传递和反应过程选用不同材质的电机;内置于壳体内的电机内构件不会与腔体内的气体或者液体发生反应;
所述壳体30内设有承重板31,该承重板31将壳体30分为反应腔体32和平衡腔体33;
所述电机10设置在平衡腔体33内并固定在承重板31上,由承重板31承担其重量;电机10的传动轴穿过承重板31的中心与设置在反应腔体32内的转子20固定连接;
所述壳体30上设有气体进口34、气体出口35、液体进口36和液体出口37;
所述反应腔体32在承重板31的上方,所述平衡腔体33在承重板31的下方;所述气体进口34设置在反应腔体32的侧壁,所述气体出口35自转子20中心延伸到反应腔体32外,所述液体进口36连接到转子20中空部位周缘位置的液体分布器361上;所述液体出口37自承重板31上开口延伸到反应腔体32外;
所述平衡腔体33上设有连通外界的管道331;所述电机10下端部设有管道101连通反应腔体32,使得泄露到电机10下端部收集槽(图中未示出)内液体返后到反应腔体32排出。
上述两个腔体的设置,使得在转子填料上需要高温高压时,即便电机输出轴与承重板之间有少量的泄露,也会在较短的时间内使两个腔体达到压力平衡,从而无需严格的密封,解决了高压过程密封难的问题。
更为重要的是,可以直接通过连通外界的管道331向平衡腔体33内充入保护气(例如惰性气体),该保护气的压力和反应腔体内的压力相匹配,这样保证了反应腔体内的压力平稳,保证了物料反应的平稳进行。
一种上述装置在高压环境下,混合、传递和反应等操作过程中的应用,其参数条件如下:电机转速优选20-3000rpm;反应腔体内操作温度优选-40-400℃;反应腔体和平衡腔体内的操作压力相同,优选0.05-50MPa。
进一步改进的实施例,电机转速优选500-3000rpm;反应腔体内操作温度优选100-400℃,反应腔体和平衡腔体内的操作压力相同,优选1-50MPa。
更进一步改进的实施例,电机转速优选2000-3000rpm,腔体内操作温度优选300-400℃,反应腔体和平衡腔体内的操作压力相同,优选20-50MPa。
实施例2
参见图2所示,一种新结构超重力旋转床装置,包括电机10、转子20和壳体30;
所述的转子20与电机10全部内置在壳体30内;
所述的电机10为屏蔽电机。内置于壳体30中的屏蔽电机可根据不同介质的混合、传递和反应过程选用不同材质的电机。内置于壳体内的电机内构件不会与腔体内的气体或者液体发生反应;
所述壳体30内设有承重板31,该承重板31将壳体30分为反应腔体32和平衡腔体33;
所述电机10设置在平衡腔体33内并固定在承重板31上,由承重板31承担其重量;电机10的传动轴穿过承重板31的中心与设置在反应腔体32内的转子20固定连接;
所述壳体30上设有气体进口34、气体出口35、液体进口36和液体出口37;
所述反应腔体32在承重板31的下方,所述平衡腔体33在承重板31的上方;所述气体进口34设置在反应腔体32的侧壁,所述气体出口35自转子20中心延伸到反应腔体32外,所述液体进口36连接到转子20中空部位周缘位置的液体分布器361上;所述液体出口37设置在反应腔体32的底部;
所述平衡腔体33底部设有连通外界的管道331;
一种上述装置在高压环境下,混合、传递和反应等操作过程中的应用,其参数条件如下:电机转速优选20-3000rpm;反应腔体内操作温度优选-40-400℃;反应腔体和平衡腔体内的操作压力相同,优选0.05-50MPa。
进一步改进的实施例,电机转速优选500-3000rpm;反应腔体内操作温度优选100-400℃,反应腔体和平衡腔体内的操作压力相同,优选1-50MPa。
更进一步改进的实施例,电机转速优选2000-3000rpm,腔体内操作温度优选300-400℃,反应腔体和平衡腔体内的操作压力相同,优选20-50MPa。
实施例3
参见图3所示,以制备橡胶复合材料中悬浮液与胶乳在高压下混合为例:
1)首先由泵先将聚氨酯胶乳泵入反应腔体内,再将悬浮液泵入反应腔体内,悬浮液的浓度为55%(以悬浮物质在悬浮液中的质量百分含量计);
2)调节电机转速2000rpm,使悬浮液的流动雷诺数不低于1000,最后将氮气由气体进口通入反应腔体内,对系统加压至20MPa,充分混合一段时间后得到带有悬浮液的胶乳;将带有悬浮液的胶乳输送到下一工序,最终制备得到橡胶复合材料。
实施例4
参见图3所示,测定制备生物柴油体系的相平衡数据以原料甲醇和大豆油混合为例:
采用不同的初始醇油摩尔比测定高温高压下甲醇与大豆油体系的液液相平衡数据,首先打开真空泵将系统抽真空,通过高压泵将一定摩尔比的甲醇和大豆油加入到反应腔体内;调节电机转速为550rpm开始搅拌,开启加热系统,待超重力旋转床装置内温度恒定为160℃且醇油混合均匀时停止搅拌,静置4h,此时压力为10.11Mpa,然后分别采集上下层平衡液,通过气相色谱对其进行分析。
实施例5
参见图3所示,以三甘醇脱水的质量传递为例:
1)除去游离液体和固体杂质的天然气由气体进口通入反应腔体内,其中天然气含水蒸汽的量为0.092%;
2)将压力和温度分别为7.95Mpa、42℃的贫液质量分数为98.5%三甘醇在储罐内通过泵泵入反应腔体内,使天然气中的水蒸气被三甘醇吸收,转速调节为800rpm,
3)通过外接管道将保护气通入到超重力旋转床装置的平衡腔体内,保证反应腔体和平衡腔体的压力均为7.95Mpa,经充分反应后,气体出口水蒸气的含量为0.008696%。
实施例6
参见图3所示,以氯化钙脱水的质量传递为例:
1)将干燥剂氯化钙装入填料所在位置,通入壳体内天然气的温度压力分别为35℃和6.42Mpa,其中含水蒸气的量为0.105%;
2)通过外接管道将保护气通入到超重力旋转床装置的平衡腔内,保证反应腔体和平衡腔体的压力均为6.42Mpa;
3)调节转速为1050rpm,经过氯化钙充分吸附后,气体出口水蒸气含量为0.009787%。
实施例7
参见图3所示,以天然气中硫化氢与二乙醇胺反应为例:
1)将1.85Mpa、50℃的天然气由气体进口通入反应腔体内,天然气中含有害气体硫化氢1960ppm,二乙醇胺在储罐内通过泵泵入反应腔体内与硫化氢反应;
2)旋转床转速调节为600rpm,填料类型为SiC,填料的比表面积为600m2/m3;
3)通过外接管道将保护气通入到超重力旋转床装置的平衡腔内,保证反应腔体和平衡腔体的压力均为1.85Mpa;
4)反应腔体内充分反应后,旋转床出口气体中有害气体硫化氢的含量为20ppm。
实施例8
参见图3所示,以天然气中二氧化硫与亚硫酸胺溶液反应为例:
1)1.5Mpa、45℃的天然气,由气体进口通入反应腔体内,天然气中含有害气体二氧化硫2185ppm,亚硫酸胺溶液在储罐内通过泵泵入反应腔体内与二氧化硫反应。
2)旋转床转速调750rpm,填料类型为烧结陶瓷,填料的比表面积为850m2/m3;
3)通过外接管道将保护气通入到超重力旋转床装置的平衡腔内,保证反应腔体和平衡腔体的压力均为1.5Mpa;
4)反应腔体内充分反应后,旋转床出口气体中有害气体二氧化硫的含量为53ppm。
显然,本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例,而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡是属于本发明的技术方案所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之列。
Claims (9)
1.一种新结构超重力旋转床装置,包括电机、转子和壳体;其特征在于:
所述转子与电机全部内置在壳体内;
所述壳体内设有承重板,该承重板将壳体分为反应腔体和平衡腔体;
所述电机设置在平衡腔体内,该电机的传动轴穿过承重板与设置在反应腔体内的转子固定连接;
所述壳体上设有气体进口、气体出口、液体进口和液体出口;
所述平衡腔体上设有连通外界的管道。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电机内置式超重力旋转床装置,其特征在于:
优选地,所述反应腔体在承重板的上方,所述平衡腔体在承重板的下方;所述气体进口设置在反应腔体的侧壁,所述气体出口自转子中心延伸到反应腔体外,所述液体进口连接到转子中空部位周缘位置的液体分布器上;所述液体出口自承重板上开口延伸到反应腔体外。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电机内置式超重力旋转床装置,其特征在于:优选地,所述电机下端部设有管道连通反应腔体。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电机内置式超重力旋转床装置,其特征在于:
优选地,所述反应腔体在承重板的下方,所述平衡腔体在承重板的上方;所述气体进口设置在反应腔体的侧壁,所述气体出口自转子中心延伸到反应腔体外,所述液体进口连接到转子中空部位周缘位置的液体分布器上;所述液体出口设置在反应腔体底部。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一所述的电机内置式超重力旋转床装置,其特征在于:优选地,所述的电机为屏蔽电机。
6.如上所述权利要求1-5中任一装置在高压环境下,混合、传递和反应等操作过程中的应用,其特征在于:电机转速优选20-3000rpm,反应腔体内操作温度优选-40-400℃,反应腔体内操作压力优选0.05-50MPa。
7.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于:在反应腔体内物料反应时,平衡腔体内通过外接管道通入保护气,使反应腔体和平衡腔体内的压力平衡。
8.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于:优选地,电机转速优选500-3000rpm,腔体内操作温度优选100-400℃,腔体内操作压力优选1-50MPa。
9.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于:优选地,电机转速优选2000-3000rpm,腔体内操作温度优选300-400℃,腔体内操作压力优选20-50MPa。
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WO2015096724A1 (zh) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-07-02 | 北京化工大学 | 一种新结构超重力旋转床装置及其应用 |
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US9839895B2 (en) | 2017-12-12 |
CN103831075B (zh) | 2016-08-17 |
WO2015096724A1 (zh) | 2015-07-02 |
EP3088077A4 (en) | 2017-08-30 |
US20160317995A1 (en) | 2016-11-03 |
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