CN103827273A - System for the torrefaction of lignocellulosic material - Google Patents

Abstract

A pressurized torrefaction reactor vessel including: a rotatable shaft extending vertically down from a top of the vessel; scraper devices each at a different elevation within the vessel and mounted to the shaft; a tray associated with each one of the scraper devices such that the scraper device is immediately above a tray of the tray assembly; wherein the tray is an open mesh and impermeable to passage of biomass through the tray; each tray includes a discharge opening to transfer biomass from the tray and down to a tray of a lower one of the tray assemblies, and wherein the discharge opening in the lowermost tray assembly transfers the biomass to a pile of the biomass in the vessel, and a bottom discharge port of the vessel through which the torrefied biomass is discharged.

Description

For the system of the torrefaction of lignocellulosic material

Cross reference related application

The application requires the U.S. Provisional Patent Application the 61/502nd of on June 28th, 2011 application, the right of priority of No. 116, and with the U.S. Provisional Patent Application the 61/501st of application on June 28th, 2011, No. 900 are relevant.The full content of these applications is incorporated to herein by reference.

Background technology

The method of curing that present invention relates in general to for example comprise for biological material the ligno-cellulosic materials of timber and other biomass, more specifically, relates to the pressurized reactor container curing for this type of material.

Cure and can be used for that biomass examples is had to the high-level efficiency fuel of the energy density of increase as timber converts to respect to the biomass of input.For example, timber contains hemicellulose, Mierocrystalline cellulose and xylogen conventionally.Cure from timber and remove volatile organic composition.Cure also the long polysaccharide chain of hemicellulose part that can depolymerization biomass and produce the hydrophobic solid ignitable fuel product of energy density (in mass) and the improved grindability with increase.Because cure the chemical structure that changes biomass, the biomass of curing can be burnt (characteristic that the timber curing or biomass have the low-rank coal of being similar to) and and can be compressed into high performance fuel particle in coal-fired utility.

Cure and refer to the thermal treatment of biomass, conventionally in a deoxygenation atmosphere, 200 degrees Celsius (℃) at temperature at the relatively low temperature of 400 ℃ or 200 ℃ to 350 ℃ or outside the scope for being called as pyrolytic process.Per-cent with the oxygen in atmosphere is compared, and deoxygenation atmosphere can have the oxygen of low per-cent.The process of curing is documented in relevant U.S. Provisional Patent Application the 61/235th, in No. 114.

The non-pressurised reaction vessel with multiple pallets has been used to cure, as U.S. Patent Application Publication 2010/0083530('530 application) in record.Should ' 530 application point out, cure and in the reactor vessel moving under barometric point, carry out.It is favourable under barometric point, moving container by explanation, and ' 530 application instruction should not be under the pressure higher than barometric point and moves container.Referring to seeing the 0061st section of ' 530 applications.

The compressive reaction container with multiple pallets has been used to make delignified pulp xylogen by oxidation in pulp mill.The example with the pulping reaction device container of multiple pallets is disclosed in United States Patent (USP) 3,742,735('735 patent) and 3,660,225('225 patent) in.Multiple pallet containers allow paper pulp to come down in torrents by the longitudinal cloth tray in reactor.Pallet allows paper pulp to come down in torrents and pass through container with discontinuous batch downwards.Oxygen-enriched environment in pulping reaction device promotes delignification and the bleaching of paper pulp.For curing of timber or other biological material, ' 735 patent and ' 225 patent do not advise using the pulping reaction device container with deoxygenation environment.

Summary of the invention

A difficult problem of non-pressurised reaction vessel is the needed large size of gas of their processing large volume, and the gas of described large volume is needed for the heat of specified rate is delivered to the material being baked.Under normal atmosphere, the very large pressure of the mass ratio of the gas of per unit volume is for example little a lot of higher than the quality of the gas of the lower per unit volume of 20 bar tables (290psig).The volumetric flow rate impact of gas is material bed, Pressure Drop in pipeline, heat exchanger, and therefore needs larger equipment and higher energy expenditure to carry out identical heating load.

For given volumetric flow rate, gas under pressure has increased the quality of gas.Compare with non-pressurised reaction vessel, compressive reaction container can have less volume, owing to using pressurized gas.Gas transfer heat is proportional to the ability of biomass and the quality of gas, and its quality is larger, the heating biomass that gas can be faster.

As known in the art, compressive reaction container needs sealing member and other device to keep gas in container and material under pressure.Similarly, need pressure transfer device to sending into the material pressurization of container at input terminus or for the feed system of pressurizing vessel, in addition, compressive reaction container needs gas under pressure and the pipeline for gas under pressure.

Conceived a kind of reaction vessel curing for biological material of novelty, it has the pallet of the vertical stacking for using the dry and heating biomass of deoxygenation hot gas under very large pressure.In the vertical reactor container of relative compact, stacking pallet provides the moving-bed being equivalent to for biomass.In addition, this container can be more much smaller than the reaction vessel curing under barometric point.Except carrier of oxygen can be recycled by this container and by reheating the capstan of gas.

Container heats equably by each pallet, and the material that is baked each At The Height in container is uniformly heated.In order to realize the homogeneous heating of the material on each pallet, for every kilogram of dry substance processed on pallet, be controlled in the scope of 1 to 6 kilogram of (kg) gas by the material bed deoxygenation gas stream on each pallet.What flow can be in another scope with the ratio of the material bed dry substance by each pallet except carrier of oxygen, for example 1 to 3 scope.

Can be continuous by the deoxygenation gas stream of each pallet.Except needing not to be, carrier of oxygen there is no oxygen completely.This gas is a kind of heat transmission medium, and it can apply heat or remove heat from the material that stands to cure the material that stands to cure.Gas flow is by material and pallet.Except carrier of oxygen is by the continuous flow heating material of the material in pallet, condition is that the residing temperature of this gas is higher than material.The reaction of curing in heat release causes that material becomes the place than air heat, and the constant flow of gas can also cooling material.If material is overheated, curing reaction may overreaction.Therefore, the continuous flow of gas is adjusted to the temperature of gas roughly the same by the temperature of the material in each pallet.

For all pallets in reactor vessel, biological material can have the total retention time of 15 to 60 minutes.This maintenance phase can comprise that material stands pallet and the reaction lower tray that material is cooled therein afterwards of curing therein.Retention time in reaction vessel can be selected by the material based on processing in container.For example, for the ligno-cellulosic materials such as timber, the total retention time in container can be 15 to 25 minutes.

Each pallet can have sector open, and by this opening, biological material is fallen on the pallet at next lower height place in container.On pallet and after container is advanced, biomass fall by opening.One scraper can be towards opening sliding material on pallet.Select the speed of rotation of scraper so that retention time desired on each pallet to be provided.For each pallet in container, retention time can be consistent.Can be based on carrying out being respectively dried, curing with the tray number of cooling (alternatively) and each needed time of carrying out in these processes and select retention time of biomass.

Conceive a kind of method of curing for biomass, use has the reactor vessel that cures of heap tray, described method comprises: biomass are fed to the entrance on the top of container, biological material is positioned in a upper tray of vertical stack of pallet in reactor; In each of the stacking pallet of biomass during around vessel moving, with the deoxygenation gas heating and the dried biomass material that inject under the pressure of 3 to 20 bar in container; Thereby biomass are placed in a lower tray by pallet by making biomass by the opening in each pallet, biomass be come down in torrents downwards; Discharge the biomass of curing from the lower part outlet that cures reactor vessel, and circulation come from reactor a bottom At The Height extraction gas and supply a gas to the upper area of container.

Except carrier of oxygen can comprise superheated vapour, nitrogen and other non-carrier of oxygen or be suitable for object Poor oxygen gas of the present invention.Biomass can be pressurizeed with a pressure transfer device before being admitted to container.Pallet can be grid or screen cloth or have perforation or the heating of groove and biomass and make gas by biomass and pallet dry comprising.Doctor blade device can rotate with mobile biological material in curved path crosses pallet.Alternatively, pallet can rotate, and doctor blade device and biomass are not around container.Opening in each pallet can be the gable that axle from container extends to wall of a container.

Gas can inject container at multiple At The Heights, wherein, and the air heat when gas wall while injection at lower height place injects at high height place.Below an At The Height of container, gas is extracted, and biomass can continue to come down in torrents downwards and pass through pallet.

Conceive a kind of method of curing for lignocellulose biomass, use has the reactor vessel that cures of stacking pallet component, described method comprises: biomass are fed to continuously to the entrance that cures reactor vessel top of container, biological material is positioned on a upper tray assembly of multiple pallet components of vertical stacking in reactor; Along with biomass move but by the tray support of each pallet component in container, with the gas heating and the dried biomass material that inject in container, wherein, described gas substantially not oxidizing biomass and the pressure at least 3 bar tables and at least scope at the temperature of 200 ℃ to 250 ℃, thereby and biomass are placed on the pallet of next lower tray assembly by pallet by making biomass by the opening in each pallet, biomass be come down in torrents downwards; Discharge the biomass of curing from the lower part outlet that cures reactor, and by the gas circulation Returning reactor extracting from reactor vessel.

The pallet of each pallet component has grid, screen cloth or has perforation, and the heating of biomass and make gas by biomass and pallet dry comprising.Any hole in pallet component or opening can be by covering than meticulousr grid or the screen material of material that is used for forming pallet component.The gas that enters each pallet component can pass through a pipeline, this pipeline in to from the extraction pipeline that and then extracts gas above this pallet component similar height substantially.In addition, each pallet component can comprise the extraction air chamber below revolving scraper device and the pallet above pallet.

The gas that injects the pallet component for curing can be than the air heat injecting for dry or cooling pallet component, for example 5 to 60 ℃ of heat.In addition, below all pallet components, in the bottom of container, a void space can be that biomass form Dui district therein.Described void space can be used to curing of biomass and before the biomass of curing are discharged from the container cooling it.Inject cooling zone cooling gas can than inject cooling pallet component gas cold some, wherein, the temperature of automatic combustion when cooling zone is cooled to the biomass of curing to be exposed to atmosphere lower than biomass and the cooling biomass of curing of cooling pallet component are to stop or suppressing to cure reaction.Gas may flow into space with parallel or retrograde the flowing with flowing of biological material.

Can be recycled and return to container by gas blower or compressor from the gas of pallet component and cooling zone extraction.Before gas flows to compressor or gas blower, gas to be recycled can pass through cyclonic separator, condenser or strainer with separating particles and condensable byproduct.Before being injected into and curing pallet component, be recycled and return to the gas that cures pallet component and can be heated.A part for the gas that pallet component extracts may be directed to burner to produce heat energy, and the heat energy producing is added to be recycled and returns to the gas that cures pallet component, or for other procedure of processing.

Conceived a kind of pressurization and cured reactor vessel, it comprises: the wall of container that perpendicular is extended; Extend through vertically downward the rotatable shaft of container top; Multiple doctor blade devices, each doctor blade device is positioned at the different heights of container and coaxial with described axle; Multiple pallet components, wherein, each pallet component is associated with doctor blade device to be made above pallet that and then this doctor blade device be positioned at this pallet component; At least one in described pallet component comprises gas extraction passage below pallet, this pallet and the gas inject passage above this pallet, wherein, described pallet is that the permeable and biomass of grid of openings or air-flow can not be permeated other structure by pallet; Each pallet comprises an outlet opening, and with by the pallet of biomass pallet component below this pallet is transferred to downwards, wherein, biomass are transferred to the pile of biomass in container by the outlet opening in lowermost tray; Multiple gas extraction openings in wall of container, wherein, the height of another at least one in described gas extraction opening and described gas extraction channel alignment and described gas extraction opening under lowermost tray assembly and on pile of biomass, and the bottom relief outlet of container, the biomass of curing are discharged by described bottom relief outlet.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is front portion and the top perspective of pressurized reactor processing vessel, and wherein, the antetheca of container is removed, to allow to illustrate the internal part of container.

Fig. 2 is front portion and the bottom perspective view of pressurized reactor processing vessel, and wherein, the antetheca of container is removed, to allow to illustrate the internal part of container.

Fig. 3 is the skeleton view of the lower region of pressurized reactor processing vessel, and it has illustrated supporting leg and the bottom relief outlet of container, and shows the convergence portion in internal tank.

Fig. 4 is the upward view of pressurized reactor processing vessel.

Fig. 5 is the side-view of pressurized reactor processing vessel, wherein, for illustrative purposes, has removed four/part of container.

Fig. 6 is top and the side perspective view of pressurized reactor processing vessel, wherein, for illustrative purposes, has removed four/part of container.

Fig. 7 is the cross section close-up illustration of a part for pressurized reactor processing vessel, and it has illustrated a part for pallet component.

Fig. 8 is the skeleton view of the open-top of pressure treatment container, and wherein, the outer wall of container is removed to illustrate the parts of pallet component.

Fig. 9 is the vertical view of the open-top of pressure treatment container.

Figure 10 is the viewgraph of cross-section of a part for pressure treatment container, and it has illustrated Z-axis and the lower support for axle.

Figure 11 is the skeleton view of the spoke wheel scraper component of pallet component.

Figure 11 A is one of them the schematic diagram of amplifier section of lower rim of the spoke of doctor blade device or blade 60.

Figure 12 is the pallet of pallet component and the skeleton view of base plate.

Figure 13 is the skeleton view of the convergence portion of pressurized reactor container.

Figure 14 is the enlarged view of convergence portion, so that the screen cloth allowing from this extracting section gas to be shown.

Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of pallet component, to illustrate that gas flows into gentle body and flows out the biomass on pallet.

Figure 15 A is the cross section enlarged view of pallet, so that exemplary groove, hole or the opening in pallet to be described.

Figure 16 to Figure 18 is process flow sheet, shows the exemplary process of curing that uses pressurized reactor processing vessel.

Embodiment

Fig. 1 and 2 has illustrated pressure treatment container 10, for receiving, process, dry and coolingly come from by upper entrance 14 biological material that biomass 12 are supplied with.Biomass can be wood chip, wood pulp or other comminuted fibres cellulosic material.In the time of mobile top a series of tray assembly 16 of crossing in container, biomass are dried.Additionally or alternatively, biomass can be dried before being introduced into container 10.

The upper entrance 14 of pressurizing vessel can be connected to a continuously feeding, pressure seal, for example traditional rotary valve or plug feeding screw, so that biomass are sent into pressurizing vessel from the biomass sources barometric point.Container 10 turns round in gas phase, and in described gas phase, dry biomass keep dry in container.

Biomass can be at the temperature of envrionment temperature or, if before entering container moisture eliminator 21 preheating biomass, under 80 ℃ to 120 ℃ or higher temperature, be supplied to the entrance 14 of container.In container, biomass by pressurize, heat with anoxic or deoxygenation gas heating.Enter the temperature that the gas of container can be within the scope of 200 ℃ to 600 ℃, and particularly, within the scope of any one that can be in 250 ℃ to 400 ℃ scopes, 250 ℃ to 300 ℃ scopes and 300 ℃ to 380 ℃ scopes.

Biomass enter pressure treatment container 10 by upper entrance 14, and described upper entrance 14 can be single entrance aperture on container top or top or the arrangement in entrance aperture.Biomass can be dried in advance before entering container or biomass can be dried in the optional drying zone (pallet) 15 in the upper area of container.Below drying zone, biomass enter cures district 41(pallet and the chamber below pallet alternatively).

In container 10, below upper entrance, can be and then chute, the afterbody part that it receives biomass and biomass are directed to the upper tray of tray assembly 16 from entrance.Afterbody is adjacent to the outlet opening 64(Figure 12 in upper tray).Biomass fall on the afterbody of pallet and through being moved in the curved path of pallet until biomass cross the leading edge of tray openings and fall the afterbody of next lower tray.Afterbody be pallet for the path of biomass on pallet apart from the region farthest of the opening in pallet.Biomass being placed in to the biomass of guaranteeing to enter container on the afterbody of pallet is maintained at and in upper tray, approaches a complete swing circle.

The opening portion 64(of each pallet is also referred to as " opening ") preferably not with the above and below pallet of this pallet and then in opening 64 vertical alignments.If opening is vertical alignment, biomass can fall and directly by the opening portion pallet below on the stayed surface of the pallet that do not stay down from an opening portion.

This opening portion 64 can vertically stagger, and makes each opening be positioned at the top of the tail region of the top part of the pallet below this opening portion and then.In the sense of rotation of doctor blade device 56, the tail region of a pallet is adjacent to opening portion and after opening portion.By opening portion 64 is above alignd with the tail region in lower tray, biomass drop in tail region by opening portion.Along with scraper rotates, biomass are slided and are crossed the whole upper surface of pallet in the curved path from tail region to opening portion.Biomass are remained on the upper surface of each pallet the retention period of biomass on pallet maximized, therefore, allow biomass heated and dry (in upper tray) stand to cure (in lower tray).

What and then optional tray assembly 16 was arranged below is one or more pallet components 18 that cure, and dry biological material stands to cause and cures reaction conditions thereon.Be arranged in that to cure below pallet component be optional cooling pallet component 20.Each pallet component 16,18 can be substantially similar with 20 structure.Each pallet component is an effective moving-bed, and biomass are exposed to the air-flow except carrier of oxygen thereon.

The inflow of heated air, by and leave pressure reacting container and can be configured to promote gas stream heat, pressurization by the pallet component at the upper height place of container, there, biomass are heated to for curing required temperature.As shown in Figure 1, the gas injection nozzle 34 that can be inputted manifold 86 and be arranged in the various At The Heights of the pallet component 16,18 and 20 on container top by top except carrier of oxygen of heat is injected into the top part of container 10.

The carrier of oxygen that removes that flows to the multiple At The Heights in container can be in temperature and the composition to each pallet component variation.For example, be incorporated into the temperature of the hot gas 86 of the topmost At The Height of container can be a little for example 10 ℃ to 40 ℃ higher than for example 100 ℃ of the temperature of dried biomass 12 that are fed to container.The hot gas of introducing at the place of lower height subsequently of container can incrementally be warmed to slightly higher than container in the temperature of injected immediate biomass of hot gas.Gas by implantation temperature slightly higher than the biomass by gas heating, may compare than the gas of the obvious hot single temperature of biomass that enters container with injecting, and heating efficiency can increase.Alternatively, injection for dry can be substantially similar temperature and composition with the gas curing, and for the gas of cooling biomass can be other colder At The Height from container extract at recycle gas.For example, the Exhaust Gas that comes from tray will cure the gas cold of height and by lower than curing required temperature than coming from.

For being dried, curing with the quantity of cooling pallet component and can depend on various factors, being included in material is carry out dried biomass and in which kind of degree, cure and cooling zone 22,24 or cooling spiral 68(Figure 16 with optional drying installation 21 before entering container 10) biomass can be cooled to cure the temperature of end from curing the temperature of reaction generation.

By way of example, the sum of pallet component can be a number (N) and in 5 to 15 scope.The quantity (DTA) of tray assembly 16 can be that zero, one (example is as shown in Figure 16) or the algorithm based on are below determined:

DTA=N*L, wherein, L is in 0.2 to 0.3 scope.

Cooling pallet component 20(CTA) quantity, if any, can be two, example as shown in Figure 16, or determine by algorithm based on below:

CTA=N-(N*M), wherein M in 0.7 to 0.8 scope.

The quantity (TTA) of curing pallet component 16 can be greater than each in DTA and CTA, four TTA as shown in figure 16 of example, or algorithm based on is below determined:

TTA=（（N*L）+1）-（（N*M）-1）

The quantity of the pallet component in container and be dried, cure and the ratio of cooling pallet component by the design requirements of depending on for container.For example, within the scope of any one that, in container 10, the sum of pallet component can be in 4 to 20 and 6 to 15.The ratio of tray assembly and the ratio of cooling pallet component can be separately in 15% to 30% scope in pallet component sum.The ratio that is used for the pallet component curing can be in 70% of pallet component sum in 40% scope.These scopes are exemplary, are not the quantity of pallet component is limited.For example, container can not have tray assembly and there is no cooling pallet component, and makes all pallet components for curing.

Curing reaction can occur in intermediate tray assembly.The scope of curing generation intermediate tray assembly thereon can be pallet component sum 15% to 85%, 30% to 60% and 15% to 100% in any one scope.Cure generation thereon be great majority or all pallet components, in the dry completely or partially generation container outside of biomass and the moisture eliminator of upstream, and in the selectable cooling heap that can occur in the biomass of curing in container lower region or near in the cooling spiral of container relief outlet.

Inlet nozzle and extraction nozzle are numbered in Figure 16 according to their corresponding pallet components.Top pallet assembly 16 from top entrance 86 receive heat except carrier of oxygen, the gas receiver gases that top entrance 86 extracts from heat exchanger 84 or from the cooling pallet component from container 10 or district.

The supply of biomass 12 can provide for example cut or cut into have length between 10 to 50 millimeters (mm), width is between 10 to 50 millimeters and the ligno-cellulosic materials of the crumb size of thickness between 5 to 20 millimeters.Chip thickness can be in other scope for example in 20 to 30 millimeters, 15 to 25 millimeters and 3 to 10 millimeters.These crumb size can be most suited to timber.Depend on the type of timber or the non-wooden material for biomass, other crumb size may be to be applicable to.

Below the storehouse of pallet component 16,18 and 20, container 10 can have the district of curing 22 and cooling zone, optional bottom 24.Cure district 22 and cooling zone, bottom 24 and can be the hollow region of subjacent pallet 20 pressure reacting container below and can cross over bottom 1/2nd or the bottom 2/3rds of pressurized vessel height.Based on required operational conditions, the composition of biological example material and biomass flow through the plot ratio of container, and pressurized vessel can have size, as diameter and height.Conventionally,, for technical scale device, pressurized vessel can have the height that exceedes 100 feet (33 meters) and the diameter that exceedes 9 feet (3 meters).

The cooling zone, bottom 24 of pressure reactor container can comprise convergence portion, and the convergence of for example one dimension is used to provide biomass and moves through equably the bottom of container and move to bottom drain 26.Convergence portion is sold and at United States Patent (USP) 5,500 by Andritz group, and 083,5,617,975 and 5,628, described in 873 convergence portion.

The lower region 24 of pressure reactor container can remain on the temperature colder than the pallet component for curing.Lower region 24 can comprise the heap of the biological material curing processed and that fall into lower region in pallet component.

Temperature in lower region 24 can be lower than 265 ℃, 240 ℃ or 200 ℃, in addition or alternatively, the temperature in lower region 24 can be lower at least 15 ℃ to 40 ℃ than the top temperature that enters the hot gas that cures pallet component.In order to control and maintain the temperature in lower region, the top part that cooling gas can be injected into lower region for example enters injection nozzle 92(Figure 16), so that cooling gas to be provided, itself and downward biomass stream flow through reactor vessel simultaneously.Also may be suitable, these gas streams and biomass stream oppositely flow, and the thermal pollution gas entering together with biomass is shifted towards the top of heap.Alternatively, cooling gas can be injected into by nozzle 94 base section of lower region, and this nozzle can be a part that upwards and axially extends through the pipe core of container.The cooling gas entering by nozzle 94 and biomass stream flow across.In addition, cooling gas nozzle 94 can be arranged to be used to provide the crossing current air-flow by container, makes gas inject and be extracted in a relative side of container in a side of container.Several At The Heights of the lower region 24 that the injection of cooling gas and extraction can occur.Injecting the temperature of the cooling gas of cooling pallet component and cooling zone can be controlled, and makes colder cooling gas enter the lower At The Height of container.The biological material curing should in temperature lower than material in the temperature of container bottom automatic combustion or at least in the temperature when the pressure conversion device, after this pressure conversion device, biomass are exposed in atmosphere.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, pressure reactor container can be supported by vertically extending supporting leg 28 between container and ground.The bottom of supporting leg rising container, to allow discharger to be installed to below relief outlet 26 and container.Alternative supporting structure can comprise apron arrange or be positioned at above the use of the support ring of a certain intermediate point on the container on convergence portion.Such support ring is attached to fabric structure in a certain suitable mode subsequently.

Pressurized vessel 10 can have and enters and porthole 30, in the time that it is opened, provides the cooling and convergence zone that enters container.Enter with porthole and conventionally close in the operating period of container.Porthole can comprise a transparent window, to be provided for checking the inside of container.Other porthole with transparent window or sight glass can be positioned at being different from container and enter and the position of porthole 30.

Fig. 5 is the viewgraph of cross-section of pressure treatment container 10.Z-axis 32 coaxially and at least upwards extends through the pallet component 16,18 and 20 in container with container.The top of axle 32 is extended and is driven rotatably by motor and gear assembly 33 from the top of container, and motor and gear assembly 33 are fixed to the top of container, for torque support.The lower end of axle 32 can be supported by bearing and bracket component 35 below the minimum pallet in container.Similarly, the upper end of axle is by being positioned at the bearings of container top and associated with gear and motor sub-assembly.One Spadone axle journal 37 can rotatably be attached to axle 32 bearing and bracket component 35.

Fig. 6 is top and the side perspective view of container 10, for illustrative purposes, has removed four/part of container.Axle 32 upwards extends beyond the top of container.A spline fitted on the top of axle is to motor and gear assembly.One top board 38(Fig. 5) sealed vessel top and provide support for the bearing of axle and motor and gear assembly 33.

Fig. 6 to 12 has illustrated structure and the operation of pallet component 16,18 and 20. Pallet component 16,18 and 20 comprises a level tray 40 separately, and it can be perforation, screen cloth, that have mesh or other is constructed to allow gas by described pallet and stops passing through of for example fiber of biological material.Pallet 40 can be annular and and radially extend to the inner surface of the cylindrical wall 42 of container 10 from axle 32.Pallet can be also level and level generally.Pallet can be fixed on container and not and rotate with the axis.For example, pallet can be the perforation steel mesh of the open base area between axle 32 and the wall 42 horizontally disposed and container in covering container substantially.Other material that can be used for forming pallet 40 comprises by holing or the Punched Steel Plate in opening, groove or the hole of laser cutting.

Figure 15 A is the enlarged view of the cross section of pallet, is used for illustrating exemplary groove, hole or opening 100 in pallet.While moving up in the side of flow arrow 102 on the surface of pallet along with biomass, gas flows downward and arrives the gas passage 52 below pallet by biomass and by opening.Groove, hole or opening can have the roughly uniform cross section through pallet.Alternatively and as shown in Figure 15 A, it 100 can have top 104 and bottom 106, and top 104 is roughly that bottom 106 expands on cross-sectional area in downward direction uniformly on cross section.The top of groove, hole or opening 100 can be 30% to 50% of pallet thickness.Further, the upper limb of groove, hole or opening can be inclined-plane 108, and for example, on the rear edge shown in Figure 15 A, inclined-plane 108 helps avoid the fiber that comes from biomass and is particularly hunted down on the rear edge at edge at the upper limb of groove, hole or opening.Groove, hole or opening can cover with meticulousr grid or screen material.

And then pallet 40 below be a solid annular bottom plate 44, it forms the bottom of the gas passage 52 between pallet 40 and plate 44.Gas passage is for being discharged at the At The Height of the gas passage corresponding between pallet and bottom plate 44 and being installed to the extraction nozzle 36 on wall of a container 42 by the gas of biomass and pallet.Traverse baffle 46,48 and 50 can be installed on base plate 44 and upwards extend through gas passage to pallet 40.Traverse baffle is towards the entrance guiding gas that extracts nozzle 36.Traverse baffle can comprise radially the short slab 46 that extends and long slab 48 and the circular wallboard 50 for gas passage formation end wall.Long radial plate 48 is by the screen section of gas passage triangulation.By way of example, each pallet can have four to eight screen sections.Except pallet 40 is formed by fan-shaped section, pallet 44 can be also that fan-shaped section and long radial plate 48 can form these sections sidewall separately.

The traverse baffle also screen cloth to pallet 40 or grid provides support.Circular wallboard can have open slot, opens wide from wall of a container with the pipe that allows gas to flow to extract the entrance of nozzle 36 and be allowed for injection nozzle 34 by base plate 44 and to next lower tray assembly.

Pallet 40 can be supported by the internal surface of the wall of pressure treatment container 10 42.Wall 42 can comprise that the outward flange of suspension bracket, ridge or each pallet can shelve other stayed surface thereon.By opening container and pallet being slipped into or skidded off container, pallet can be removed, replaces and reorientate in container.

Alternatively, pallet, revolving scraper and axle can be constructed to chuck assembly and mainly obtain support from the top blind flange of container.Chuck assembly can be used as an entirety and inserts container and remove from container.Anti-rotation folder or sheet can be fixed on wall of container, for the object that prevents that chuck assembly from rotating in container.

The biomass that flow through chute 116 drop to the optional bottom part 80 of container.Biomass can form heap in the part of bottom, and it is the interim biomass that keep in the part of bottom.And in heap, biomass continue to stand to cure reaction.The material curing is from exporting 116 discharges.

As substituting of revolving scraper device, pallet can rotate together with the axis.Static doctor blade device can be in a fixing position, and can comprise the radial arm that extends across pallet.

Injection nozzle 34 can extend through gas passage and have outlet 53, and it extends through base plate 44.Outlet 53 enters gas in the biomass passage 54 of formation between the pallet 40 of the pallet component below the base plate 44 of a pallet component and this base plate and then.Biomass passage is the space of the reception biomass in container 10.The quantity that is used for the injection nozzle 34 of each pallet can be that operational requirement consistent and based on container is selected.The selection of the quantity of nozzle can be enough, to provide by the uniform air flow of the biological material on pallet under flow distribution and gas temperature uniformly.For example, 6 to 8 injection nozzles can be used to provide uniform gas and flow to each pallet.

Injection nozzle 34 can be configured to provide for the every kilogram of raw material on pallet the gas of 1 to 4 kilogram (kg).Be that the amount of the gas of every kilogram of raw provisioning also can be in the scope of 1 to 6 kilogram, 1 to 12 kilogram or 1 to 24 kg gas by injection nozzle.

Injection nozzle can be manufactured with pallet 40, base plate 44 and traverse baffle 46,48 together with 50.For example, each fan-shaped section, base plate, traverse baffle and the nozzle of pallet can be prefabricated and be installed to supporting structure in container for example on radial spoke.And the pallet component section that these are prefabricated or prefabricated pallet component can be installed by removing top board 38 and making precast segment decline enter container to suitable height, wherein, described assembly will be positioned.Once be positioned, injection nozzle is incorporated into the nozzle opening of the sidewall 42 of container 10.Similarly, once pallet component is positioned in container, the opening in outside traverse baffle 50 is aimed at the extraction nozzle 36 being installed on the sidewall 42 of container.

Below each pallet, can make one or more gas extraction nozzles 36 be arranged in the substantially the same height of container outer wall and be separated by uniform angle around container.The quantity of gas extraction nozzle and the quantity of gas injection nozzle can be identical or different.For example, one, two or three air lifts get nozzle and can be positioned at below each pallet or one of alternatively each pallet section extracts nozzle.The diameter of gas injection nozzle 34 can be less than gas extraction nozzle, if particularly except carrier of oxygen is expanded in the time that it enters container.Gas inlet manifold for nozzle 34,36 can be thick-walled tube or be formed from steel.With respect to each pallet, gas enters container by gas injection nozzle 34, is discharged from container by the biomass on pallet, pallet and by extracting nozzle 36.

Figure 11 shows doctor blade device 56, and it moves biomass by the biomass passage of each pallet component.Doctor blade device 56 can have multiple radially scraper spokes or blade 60, central axle sleeve 58 and outside annular ring 56.Ring 56 walls 42 near container 10, for example, in 3 to 5 millimeters (mm) of wall 42.The lower rim of blade 60 for example, near the upper surface of pallet, in 3 to 10 millimeters of pallet.The upper limb of blade can be close, for example, in 10 to 25 millimeters, and the base plate 44 of next upper tray assembly.The spoke of doctor blade device or blade 60 can be straight and aim at the radial slit extending between axle sleeve and ring.Alternatively, spoke or blade 60 can tilt (as shown in Figure 11) towards angle of rotation to the angle of 20 degree with 15 degree with respect to radial slit, and blade can be by the bending or turning towards angle of rotation.

Figure 11 A is the schematic diagram of the amplifier section of the lower rim of in spoke or the blade 60 of doctor blade device.Groove, pipe or other gas passage 112 are arranged on lower rim and have opening or the nozzle 114 arranged along the radical length of passage 112.High pressurized gas 114 is attached to passage 112 by the axle 32 of container.High pressurized gas 114 can be arranged in the outside of container and only be presented at axle for the object illustrating at Figure 11 A.The high pressure gas that flow through passage 112 and nozzle 114 are used to the opening 100 in clean pallet, to guarantee that gas freely passes through opening.Alternatively, high pressurized gas 114 can be for example pneumatic pump of suction source or gas blower.The suction that is applied to passage 112 and nozzle 114 removes fiber and fragment from opening.Along with the blade with passage 112 rotates on pallet, the opening 100 in pallet is cleaned.The clean of opening in pallet can occur with the processing of biomass in container simultaneously.

Doctor blade device 56 can be prefabricated and be installed by making device down sliding enter container.Central axle sleeve can weld or otherwise be fixed on axle.The diameter of scraping cutter bar can be obedient to the internal diameter of container but be left little gap.Thereby central axle sleeve can be fixed on axle 32 and make doctor blade device along with axle rotates.The height of doctor blade device 56 can be almost identical with the height in biomass space 54, or can be approximately the expectation thickness of the biomass 66 on pallet, as shown in Figure 15.

And then each pallet 40 doctor blade device 56 is above rotated in the rotation of axle 32.The space between the spoke 60 of doctor blade device is filled or partly filled to biomass.Doctor blade device its separately the biological material in rotary moving on pallet cross pallet.Cross pallet along with biological material moves, this material is exposed to the constant current except carrier of oxygen in uniform temperature.This gas enters container by gas injection nozzle 34, and gas injection nozzle 34 has opening or have opening 53 in pallet and the base plate above biomass space 54 44 at the outer wall place of container.Opening 53 in base plate can be single relief outlet or have the gas distribution manifold 55 that the gas discharge outlet above the biomass that are arranged on pallet is arranged.Opening 53 also can outwards launch to help to be distributed in above the biomass on pallet except carrier of oxygen.This gas distribution manifold 53 can be the arrangement of multiple pipes and the tube fittings with nozzle, and manufactures together with pallet component.Opening or gas distribution manifold can be disposed to above the biomass on whole pallet distribution of gas equably.Distribute in order to realize uniform gas, multiple nozzles can be arranged around wall of a container, for example each at least one nozzle of pallet section.

In the time that gas moves through biomass and pallet, doctor blade device rotation is passed through pallet component with mobile biomass on curved path.Biomass move through pallet component and discharge by opening 64, shown in Figure 12.This opening can comprise chute, transfer lime, revolving door or other discharger in pallet.Biomass decline by opening 64 to enter doctor blade device and to the pallet of next lower tray assembly.Opening 64 can be aimed at the opening 64 in next lower tray assembly, makes biomass fall into the gable of the doctor blade device that just rotates the chute of crossing next lower tray assembly.This aligning of chute guarantees that biomass move and cross whole pallet and the maximum retention time of biomass in each pallet component is provided at curved path.Nethermost pallet can be inverted cone, and it has center and discharges chute, to allow biomass to flow to the vertical centre of cooling zone.

Figure 13 and 14 shows the convergence zone 24 in the base section of container 10.Convergence portion can comprise the region of assembling in a dimension only, for example, have the flat sidewall and the curved wall of not assembling that is connected these sidewalls of convergence.The convergence portion of one dimension reduces biological material and is flowing to 26 o'clock jammed trend in container of outlet.The convergence portion of one dimension is sold with Diamondback trade mark by Andritz group on market.The convergence portion of one dimension avoids needing revolving scraper or other mechanism to prevent the biomass obstruction in container bottom conventionally.For example, although the convergence portion of one dimension is open here, can use material webs is driven to mobile base unit such as motor, scraper, and outlet unit assembly to other device of the discharge point that is positioned at container bottom.

Figure 15 is that gas flow is by the schematic diagram of pallet component.Gas flow is by injection nozzle 34, and it aims at and pass this gas passage 52 with the gas passage 52 above pallet component and then.The deoxygenation gas flow of injecting is by exporting the 53 biomass spaces 54 of going forward side by side pallet component.For each pallet component, can radially be furnished with several nozzles 34 with outlet 53 around biomass space.Air-flow is uniformly distributed on the upper surface of 66 of biomass, by making gas enter the gas space above the described bed in biomass space 54.The thickness of described bed can be, by way of example, and one meter (1m) or obtain required biomass turnout and allow heated air to flow through equably a certain other thickness of described bed.For example, described bed thickness can be in the scope of 150 millimeters to a meter, or is greater than 1 meter.On bed, be seated on pallet 40.

Air-flow flows downward by bed and pallet, and enters gas passage 52.Gas is discharged from gas passage by the extraction nozzle 36 of radially arranging around wall of a container and be positioned on each section of pallet.Gas extraction nozzle 36 can be arranged to promote gas uniform and flow through the biological substance on pallet.The quantity of extracting nozzle can be fewer than the quantity of gas injection nozzle 34.

Figure 15 A is the cross section enlarged view of pallet, so that exemplary groove, hole or opening in pallet (not shown can be used for the meticulousr grid of coverage hole, groove or opening 100 or meticulousr screen cloth) to be described.While moving up in the side of flow arrow 102 on the surface of pallet along with biomass, gas flows downward and arrives the gas passage 52 below pallet by biomass and by opening 52.Groove, hole or opening can have the roughly uniform cross section through pallet.Alternatively and as shown in Figure 15 A, hole, groove or opening 100 can have top 104 and bottom 106, top 104 is roughly that bottom 106 expands on cross-sectional area in downward direction uniformly on cross section.The top of groove, hole or opening 100 can be 30% to 50% of pallet thickness.Further, the upper limb of groove, hole or opening can be inclined-plane 108, and for example, on the rear edge shown in Figure 15 A, inclined-plane 108 helps avoid the fiber that comes from biomass and is particularly hunted down on the rear edge at edge at the upper limb of groove, hole or opening.

Figure 16 to Figure 18 is process flow sheet, shows the exemplary process of curing that can carry out in container 10.The common feature of these processes are biological materials of curing be depressurized and be exposed to atmosphere before cooling.In the cooling lower tray that can occur in container, in cooling zone 24 or in the pressurization cooled wafer pipe 67 and cooling spiral 68 assemblies in container relief outlet 26 downstreams.Alternatively, cooling can occurring in fluidized-bed (not shown).In addition, for district 24, the composite reaction district that also can be followed by a cooling zone.

Cooling gas can inject lower tray, cooling zone, chip pipe or chip spiral with cooling biomass of curing before discharging from reactor.Cooling gas can be used for stopping or slowing down and cure reaction and make to cure biomass safety and be suitable for the oxygenated atmosphere of container outside.For example, be used for stopping or slow down curing the cooling of reaction and can occurring so that biomass are suitable for oxygenated atmosphere, can in cooling zone 22 or the pressurization refrigerating unit in container downstream, occur.Be used for stopping or slow down the cooling gas that cure reaction cooling may need to cure pallet component and be used for promoting curing than injection low 10 to 30 degrees Celsius of the gas of reaction.Be used for making the biomass of curing can be lower extra 10 to 30 degrees Celsius or 10 to 50 or 10 to 80 degree centigrade or 10 to 100 degrees Celsius or 20 to 120 degrees Celsius Celsius than the cooling gas that adds cooling pallet component to for the cooling gas of oxygenated atmosphere safety.

Gas can from cooling zone 24, for example, in convergence portion, be recalled by the screen cloth 65 in container side wall, as shown in Figure 13 and 14.Similarly, cooling gas can be from bottom cooling pallet or recall from chip pipe and spiral 68.

Pass through pressure transfer device 70, for example a rotary valve through the cooling biomass of curing.The pressure of the biomass of curing in pressure transfer device downstream can be in barometric point.For example use worm conveyor 72, the biomass of curing are moved to other technique from pressure transfer device.

Cure reaction in container for example in lower tray 18 occur before, biomass can be dried and heat at the temperature of 200 ℃ to 400 ℃ in deoxygenation environment.Biomass can be dried and heat in a moisture eliminator separating, and described moisture eliminator acted on it before biomass 12 arrive container 10.In addition or alternatively, biomass can be dried in the drying zone, top of container 10, drying zone, described top can comprise one or more pallet components.Biomass can with inject container top or moisture eliminator except carrier of oxygen for example superheated vapour, nitrogen or the mixture direct heating of the two.

The container moving under barometric point that coexists is compared, and in compressive reaction container 10, reduces significantly for the amount except carrier of oxygen of the needed heat of container.Compare with the container under barometric point, processing vessel 10 is pressurizeed, the volume that heats the required hot gas of biomass reduces to two (2) to 35 1/1).Minimizing multiple for container depends on the pressure in container.

Due to the amount of the minimizing of hot gas required in pressurized reactor, the container moving under the barometric point that coexists is compared, and the volume of container 10 and corresponding size and cost can reduce significantly.The pressurizing vessel that hot gas injects provides the heat transmission of the efficient and cost-effective of the biomass from gas to container.

Can for example pressurize to container 10 to for example oxygen-depleted gas of carrier of oxygen of removing under the pressure in the scope of 35 bar at 3 bar by injecting up to 35 bar tables (bar).Pressurizing vessel 10 moves in deoxygenation atmosphere surrounding, and wherein the gas circulation of heat also promotes the reaction of curing about biomass by container with direct heating biomass.

Heat, except carrier of oxygen can be steam, for example superheated vapour, nitrogen or carbonic acid gas, and may comprise the gaseous byproduct that cures reaction that comes from a small amount.In addition, the gas of heat can inject the biomass of the entrance in for example pressure seal downstream of feed system (not shown) or high pressure transfer device downstream.If have high pressure transfer device, in the ingress of container 10, pressure seal can be unnecessary.

Dry and cure in pallet component, hot gas flow is by the biomass in container 10 and directly biomass are heated to the temperature that promotes to cure in material reaction, for example scope of 240 ℃ to 300 ℃.Hot gas and any gas producing in reactor are discharged from reactor at multiple At The Heights by extracting nozzle 36.Gas can be discharged from the container at the temperature of about 250 ℃ to 280 ℃.Can be than for curing gas cold for dry gas.Can be the gas extracting from curing pallet component for dry gas, and use gas blower to be recycled to tray assembly and not add extra heat to gas.Be returned to before curing pallet component and can in heat exchanger, be heated being cycled back to the gas that cures pallet.

A part for expellant gas is removed for using baking system from container.Another part of expellant gas is at heat exchanger 84(or other heat-transfer arrangement) in indirectly heated and be returned to the gas input manifold at container 10 tops.Heat exchanger 34 can add heat energy so that expellant gas is heated to 380 ℃ from about 250 ℃ to 280 ℃, for instance.Reheat with recirculation expellant gas and reduced the extra pressurized, heated of the gas input manifold that need to be fed to container except the amount of carrier of oxygen.

Exemplary process flow in Figure 16 shows pressurized vessel 10 to be had a tray assembly 16, four and cures pallet component 18 and two cooling pallet components 20.Heat, deoxygenation gas circulation is by container, gas blower 74,79 with in 3 to 20 bar (300 to 2000 kPas) or be the heat exchanger 84 under the high pressure of 5 to 8 bar in scope.Provide from heat exchanger 84 for tray assembly 16 and the hot gas that cures pallet component 18.For example, heat energy is added to the carrier of oxygen that removes that flows through heat exchanger by the hot gas 88 that comes from burner.The warm combustion gases of discharging from heat exchanger 84 can flow to the warm air that flow to burner.

Figure 17 and Figure 18 show technical process, and wherein, the dry gas that flows to top entrance 90 is than flowing to for example 10 ℃ to 30 ℃ of deoxygenation gas colds that cure pallet component 18.In Figure 17 and 18, the gas that flows to top entrance 90 is also injected into cooling pallet component 20.

In a gas return path system of substantially sealing, cycle through pressure treatment container 10 at the carrier of oxygen that removes shown in the technical process of Figure 16 to 18.

A part for gas can be used as emission gases 90 and removes from system.This part can be that one or several that just left foot cures pallet component, all cures that pallet component, a middle groups cure the gas of pallet component or just from the gas of tray assembly removal.Emission gases can be selected as making high density cure that reaction by-product is removed and burned or otherwise process subsequently.Alternatively, emission gases can based on make lower concentration cure reaction by-product be used in burning or other technique in and be selected.

Except carrier of oxygen is recycled by container 10 and heat exchanger 84. Gas blower 74,76 and 78 provides power with recycle gas.Come from the hot gas that cures pallet component and can flow to gas blower 76 by high temperature and 74 and heat exchanger 84, be returned to cure pallet component 18 and, alternatively, before being returned to the top entrance 86 of container.Thereby can provide required flow velocity to make gas circulation by many pallet components that cure with multiple gas blowers 74,76.Valve 80 between gas blower 74,76 can stay open, to allow high-temperature gas split flow by these gas blowers.Valve 82 can be closed, to prevent that the hot gas that flows through high temperature blower 74,76 from mixing with the cryogenic gas that flows through low temperature gas blower 78. Valve 80,82 can be set to open or close with respect to the ratio compared with cold air extracting from container according to the ratio of the hot gas extracting from container.

The relatively cold carrier of oxygen that removes for example passes through screen cloth 65 from the cooling zone 22(of cooling pallet component 20, container) and, extract from tray assembly 16 alternatively, and flow through and pipeline for separating from curing the hotter pipeline except carrier of oxygen that pallet component extracts.Colder gas is removed by extracting nozzle 36 by low temperature gas blower 78, gas is pushed back container by described low temperature gas blower 78, and there, gas enters into cooling pallet component 20 by injection nozzle 34, and alternatively, by with the nozzle 92 of the bottom tray assembly alignment top to cooling zone 22.

Emission gases provides the mode that removes the main byproduct that cures reaction occurring in container 10.These main byproducts can comprise acetic acid, carbon monoxide, carbonic acid gas, formaldehyde, formic acid, water, xylogen fragment and other less composition.Under the temperature and pressure that cures reaction generation in container, main byproduct is gaseous state.Some byproducts can be aerosol or the meticulous coke forms being carried in emission gases.Similarly, the fine granular that comes from the ligno-cellulosic materials of biomass can be flowed and be discharged gas during with screen cloth in container by pallet in gas flow and carry out system together with gas.

Main byproduct can be in conjunction with forming burnt oily substance with condensing.If allow to condense in the processing component in this container and downstream, burnt oily substance is precipitable on the surface of container and parts, particularly on the internal surface of pipeline and interchanger.

Being recycled can be processed to remove reaction by-product from recycle gas by the gas of reactor 10 and heat exchanger 84.Can comprise the tripping device 96 for removing reaction by-product for recycle gas by the system of container 10 and heat exchanger 84.Tripping device 96 can be condensing works, its gas in heat exchanger by cooling gas before being reheated to impel byproduct condense into liquid and be removed.Other example of tripping device 96 comprises oxidation by-product, catalyzed conversion byproduct, filters device and the stream separator of byproduct from gas stream, for example, use the cyclonic separator of centrifugal force from pneumatic separation particle.These tripping devices 96 can be used singly or in combination in system.By these isolation of components byproduct out can be by separating, concentrated or be cleaned into useful product and processed further.Emission gases 90 removes main byproduct from container in the time that these byproducts are the form of gaseous state.As shown in Figure 16 and Figure 17, emission gases can extract from tray assembly and, especially, extract from coming from for the extraction gas stream of the extraction nozzle 36 of tray assembly.The extraction gas that comes from tray assembly is tending towards being rich in moisture and lower than starting to cure needed temperature.As shown in Figure 18, emission gases can be extracted from curing pallet component 18, and especially, extracts from the middle of lower height of these pallet components 18.Compare with the gas extracting from container 10, may be in highest ranking from the concentration of organic byproduct of curing the gas that pallet component extracts.

Emission gases 90 can flow to burner, and gas can mix with Sweet natural gas or other gaseous fuel there, and burning.Burning will discharge heat energy from byproduct, and it will be used to reheat the recycle gas in heat exchanger 84.The heat that comes from burning also can be used for dry and heat the biomass in optional moisture eliminator 21.

Although the present invention is described in conjunction with being considered to the most practical and preferred embodiment at present, but be to be understood that, the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but contrary, it is to be intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included in the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims (30)

1. a reactor vessel is cured in pressurization, comprising:

The wall of container that perpendicular is extended;

Extend through vertically downward the rotatable shaft of container top;

Multiple doctor blade devices, each doctor blade device is positioned at the different heights of container and coaxial with described axle;

Multiple pallet components, wherein, each pallet component is associated with doctor blade device to be made above pallet that and then this doctor blade device be positioned at this pallet component;

At least one in described pallet component comprises gas extraction passage below pallet, this pallet and the gas inject passage above this pallet, wherein, described pallet is that the permeable and biomass of grid of openings or air-flow can not be permeated other structure by pallet;

Each pallet comprises an outlet opening, and with by the pallet of biomass pallet component below this pallet is transferred to downwards, wherein, biomass are transferred to the pile of biomass in container by the outlet opening in lowermost tray;

Multiple gas extraction openings in wall of container, wherein, the height of another at least one in described gas extraction opening and described gas extraction channel alignment and described gas extraction opening under lowermost tray assembly and on pile of biomass; And

The bottom relief outlet of container, the biomass of curing are discharged by described bottom relief outlet.

2. pressurizing vessel according to claim 1, wherein, described pallet component and doctor blade device are staggered and vertically stacking along the axle of container.

3. pressurizing vessel according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described pallet is formed by the steel lattice of at least one perforation or the steel plate of boring.

4. according to the pressurizing vessel described in any one in claims 1 to 3, wherein, the perforation in pallet is boring or laser cutting hole or groove.

5. pressurizing vessel according to claim 4, wherein, the hole in pallet or groove have the cross-sectional area of increase in downward direction.

6. pressurizing vessel according to claim 5, wherein, described groove or hole have the lower region of the cross-sectional area of constant cross section upper area and increase separately.

7. according to the pressurizing vessel described in any one in claim 4 to 6, wherein, the upper limb of described hole or groove is at least inclined-plane along the rear edge at edge.

8. according to the pressurizing vessel described in any one in claim 1 to 7, wherein, at least one in described pallet component comprises a solid base plate.

9. pressurizing vessel according to claim 8, wherein, extends between pallet and the solid base plate of next upper tray assembly for the gas inject passage of of pallet component.

10. pressurizing vessel according to claim 8 or claim 9, wherein, a gas distribution manifold is thrust or is installed on base plate and is attached to gas inject passage.

11. pressurizing vessels according to claim 10, wherein, described gas distribution manifold is at least one in assembling-type metal structure and comprises tube fittings.

12. according to the pressurizing vessel described in claim 10 or 11, and wherein, described gas distribution manifold comprises at least one nozzle, and it is distributed in gas above the biomass on the pallet of pallet component below.

13. according to claim 10 to the pressurizing vessel described in any one in 12, and wherein, described gas distribution manifold comprises multiple nozzles, above the biomass of its guiding gas on the pallet of next lower tray assembly, flows equably.

14. according to the pressurizing vessel described in any one in claim 1 to 13, and wherein, each pallet is the annular array of fan trays section, and outlet opening is the sector open in this annular array.

15. according to the pressurizing vessel described in any one in claim 1 to 14, and it is also included in the traverse baffle radially extending in gas extraction passage.

16. pressurizing vessels according to claim 15, wherein, described traverse baffle comprises extending vertically and is attached to the pallet of pallet component and the plate of base plate.

17. according to claim 14 to the pressurizing vessel described in any one in 16, and wherein, each fan trays assembly has vertically extending side plate between pallet and base plate.

18. according to the pressurizing vessel described in any one in claim 1 to 17, and it also comprises the cleaning nozzle that points at least one pallet, and wherein, described cleaning nozzle makes the fluid stream of pressurization aim at perforation, groove, hole or the mesh of pallet.

19. pressurizing vessels according to claim 18, wherein, described cleaning nozzle is installed on the lower rim of blade of doctor blade device.

20. according to the pressurizing vessel described in any one in claim 1 to 19, and wherein, gas inject passage is connected at least one the gas inject mouth in wall of container.

21. according to the pressurizing vessel described in any one in claim 1 to 20, wherein, for each section of the pallet component associated with extracting opening, has a gas extraction opening.

22. according to claim 16 to the pressurizing vessel described in any one in 21, and wherein, doctor blade device comprises the blade extending towards wall of container from axle, and described blade shroud is arranged angularly around axle.

23. according to the pressurizing vessel described in any one in claim 1 to 22, and wherein, doctor blade device is along with axle rotates, and the rotation of doctor blade device is moved biomass on the pallet below doctor blade device and then.

24. according to the pressurizing vessel described in any one in claim 22 to 23, and wherein, doctor blade device comprises the center hub being fixed on axle, and the blade of doctor blade device stretches out from described hub.

25. according to the pressurizing vessel described in any one in claim 22 to 24, and wherein, blade has the radially outer end that is connected to a collar, and the described collar is close to wall of container.

26. according to the pressurizing vessel described in any one in claim 22 to 25, and wherein, each blade has a lower rim, in the scope of 3 to 5 millimeters (mm) of its pallet below this blade and then, 3 to 10 millimeters or 10 to 25 millimeters.

27. according to the pressurizing vessel described in any one in claim 22 to 26, wherein, blade separately with respect to the radial slit corresponding to blade at the sense of rotation of doctor blade device 0 to 20 degree that tilts.

28. according to the pressurizing vessel described in any one in claim 22 to 27, and wherein, blade is bent or turns in the sense of rotation of doctor blade device.

29. according to the pressurizing vessel described in any one in claim 22 to 28, wherein, at least one blade of doctor blade device comprises the radial slot that receives high-pressure channel, and described passage comprises nozzle so that gas is aimed at pallet below blade or pump orifice so that pallet is applied to suction.

30. according to the pressurizing vessel described in any one in claim 1 to 29, and wherein, the region below pallet comprises cures reaction zone and cure the cooling zone below reaction zone.

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