CN103819479A - 一种含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- C07D487/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains four or more hetero rings
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- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
- C07F15/0006—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group
- C07F15/0013—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group without a metal-carbon linkage
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物及其制备方法和应用,化合物的结构通式为:其中n=1,2,3,4,5。制备包括:刚性部分以3,5-二溴氟苯为原料合成3,5-二溴苯甲醚,再经三溴化硼脱甲基化反应合成3,5-二溴苯酚,线性部分采用3-氯-2-氯甲基丙烯为起始原料,得到线性部分中间体,之后3,5-二溴苯酚在碱性条件下再与线性部分中间体合成3,5-二溴苯长链醚,利用3,5-二溴苯长链醚与双频哪醇合二硼进行Miyaura反应合成单体II;单体II与5-溴-2碘嘧啶通过Suzuki偶联反应合成单体III;利用单体II和单体III通过Suzuki偶联即得。本发明所得化合物作为功能性材料应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于共轭大环化合物及其制备和应用领域,特别涉及一种含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
上世纪80年代超分子化学概念的提出到现在,超分子化学经历了迅猛地发展。其中,对外界刺激响应的超分子材料已成超分子化学领域的研究热点,尤其是利用π-电子共轭体系的有机单分子、高分子为基本组成单元的材料,其设计和开发越来越活跃。与此相关联,拥有规整结构、π-共轭体系的刚性大环化合物及其衍生物正受到巨大的瞩目。这一类富π共轭化合物根据其极性官能团的位置和取向,通过本身所拥有的极强的π-π相互堆积作用很容易发生自组装,从而使大环形成固态一维柱状非共价键高分子聚集体结构,固态二维网状结构和三维纳米结构。这种高度有序的一维、二维、三维结构可为空穴、电子等载体提供可能的移动通道。作为崭新的显示各向异性特性的电子及光电子材料素材而引起了科学家们的极大的兴趣。
含N杂原子的共轭大环化合物作为一类新兴的共轭大环化合物由于其潜在的功能和应用受到广泛关注。含嘧啶基团的共轭大环化合物是此类化合物的代表之一,他们具有非常规整的形状结构,环直径处于纳米级别,根据其刚性环骨架和环上柔性链的不同,这类共轭大环化合物可通过自身π-π堆砌或者concave-convex相互作用自组装构筑一维、二维和三维超分子结构,也可以并用嘧啶所含N杂原子具有结合质子,金属离子等能力,用于制备复合材料研究以及能够感应外界刺激的响应性功能材料。因此,这类大环化合物作为优良的自组装单元分子应用到新型功能材料开发中。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物及其制备方法和应用,本发明所得化合物可作为优良的自组装单元分子应用到新型功能材料开发中;本发明可通过自身所含的N杂原子与金属配位,呈现特殊的光电性能,用于复合材料研究中;本发明可通过对酸的感应制备可调控性荧光材料。另外,可通过对客体分子的尺寸选择性感应制备具有不同光学及电学的复合材料。
本发明的一种含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物,所述化合物的结构通式为:
所述R各自独立的为疏水性长链基团或亲水性长链基团,化合物为:
所述化合物经侧链拓展为:
所述化合物嘧啶基团上的N原子与Pt配位,配位后的结构式为:
所述化合物嘧啶基团上的N原子与Pt、Pd或Ru配位。
本发明的一种含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物的制备方法,包括:
(1)刚性部分以3,5-二溴氟苯为原料,通过取代反应合成3,5-二溴苯甲醚,再经三溴化硼脱甲基化反应合成3,5-二溴苯酚,线性部分采用3-氯-2-氯甲基丙烯为起始原料,经过三步(缩合、硼氢化氧化、对甲苯磺酰化)得到线性部分中间体,之后3,5-二溴苯酚在碱性条件下再与线性部分中间体通过亲核取代反应合成3,5-二溴苯长链醚,利用3,5-二溴苯长链醚与双频哪醇合二硼进行Miyaura反应合成单体II;
(2)单体II与5-溴-2碘嘧啶通过Suzuki偶联反应合成单体III;
(3)利用单体II和单体III通过Suzuki偶联一步成环法合成含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物。
本发明的一种含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物的应用,所述含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物作为自组装单元分子应用于功能材料开发。
本发明的一种含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物的应用,所述含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物与金属的配位用于制备具有不同功能的复合材料。
本发明的一种含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物的应用,所述含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物对PH的响应性具有可逆性,用于可调控荧光材料研究。
本发明的一种含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物的应用,通过对客体分子的尺寸选择性感应制备具有不同光学及电学的复合材料。
本发明其次提供了一种含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物经自组装形成超分子结构体用于功能材料开发的研究。本发明的化合物具有规整的分子结构,孔径大小处于纳米级别,可通过自身π-π堆砌或者concave-convex相互作用自组装构筑一维、二维和三维超分子结构,作为优良的自组装单元分子应用到新型功能材料开发中;另外,还可以利用嘧啶所含N杂原子具有结合质子,金属离子等能力,用于制备复合材料研究以及能够感应外界刺激的响应性功能材料。
有益效果
(1)本发明提供了一系列新型含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物一步成环合成法,具备原料合成方法简单,制备工艺成熟,产率较高等优点;
(2)本发明可作为优良的自组装单元分子应用到新型功能材料开发中;
(3)本发明可通过自身所含的N杂原子与金属配位,呈现特殊的光电性能,用于复合材料研究;
(4)本发明可通过对酸的感应制备可调控性荧光材料和电子活性材料(电子转移或能量转移);
(5)本发明可通过对客体分子的尺寸选择性感应制备具有不同光学及电学的复合材料。
附图说明
图1为实施例9产物的GPC分离图;
图2为实施例9中目标产物I1、I2、I3的MALDI-TOF Mass图;
图3为实施例9产物的中I1对酸响应性的荧光光谱图,对酸的响应性荧光光谱图(a)和继续对碱的响应性荧光光谱图(b)。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解,在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
刚性部分采用3,5-二溴氟苯为起始原料,通过取代反应合成3,5-二溴苯甲醚,后经三溴化硼脱甲基化反应合成了3,5-二溴苯酚(Davidson J P,Sarma K,Fishlock D,et al.Synthesis of3,5-Disubstituted Phenols[J].Org Process Res Dev,2010,14(2):477-480.),另外,线性部分采用3-氯-2-氯甲基丙烯为起始原料,经过三步(缩合、硼氢化氧化、对甲苯磺酰化)可以顺利得到(Davies,P.J.;Grove,D.M.;van.Koten,G.,Advances in the synthesis of multimetalllic systems:hydroxyl group protection in(aryldiamine)platinum species.Organometallics1997,16(4),800-802.)。3,5-二溴苯酚与线性部分中间体7通过亲核取代反应合成11。利用11与双频哪醇合二硼进行Miyaura反应合成硼酸酯中间单体2a,后由2a与5-溴-2碘嘧啶通过Suzuki偶联反应合成单体3a,最后利用单体2a和3a通过Suzuki偶联一步成环法合成目标大环化合物Ia。
实施例1
化合物5的合成
向装有磁力搅拌子和回流装置的500mL两口烧瓶中加入NaH(19.2g,0.8mol,7.4eq.),Ar气保护下,抽换气三次,加入无水THF(250mL),加3-氯-2-氯甲基丙烯(13.5g,0.11mol,1eq.),逐滴加入1-十二醇(42.3g,0.227mol,2.1eq.)。65℃下回流反应过夜,冷却至室温,加水淬灭反应,旋蒸旋去THF,用CH2Cl2萃取(50mL×3),合并有机相,蒸馏水洗(50mL×3),无水硫酸镁干燥有机相,过滤除去硫酸镁,旋蒸蒸除溶剂,剩余物用硅胶层析柱提纯(洗脱剂:PE/CH2Cl2=5/1),得无色液体32.4g,产率75%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ5.14(s,2H),3.95(s,4H),3.39(t,J=6.6Hz,4H),1.62–1.48(m,4H),1.25(s,36H),0.87(t,J=6.7Hz,6H).
实施例2
化合物6的合成
向250mL两口烧瓶中加入5(8.0g,0.02mmol),Ar气保护下,抽换气三次,加入无水THF(35mL),0℃下逐滴加入THF溶解的1mol/L BH3(28mL),快速搅拌2小时,滴加3mol/LNaOH(28mL)。快速搅拌15分钟,滴加30%H2O2(28mL),室温下快速搅拌30分钟加入K2CO3至饱和,CH2Cl2萃取(50mL×3),合并有机相,蒸馏水洗(50mL×3),无水硫酸镁干燥有机相,过滤除去硫酸镁,旋蒸蒸除溶剂,剩余物用硅胶层析柱提纯,得无色液体6.5g,产率79%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ3.78(d,J=5.1,2.4Hz,1H),δ3.76(d,J=5.0Hz,1H),δ3.68(d,J=6.1Hz,1H),3.62–3.58(m,2H),3.52(m,J=9.4,6.0Hz,2H),3.47–3.25(m,4H),2.17(s,1H),1.55(d,J=10.2,3.9Hz,4H),1.46–1.03(m,36H),0.99–0.74(m,6H)。
实施例3
化合物7的合成
向500mL两口烧瓶中加入6(3.9g,9.57mmol,1eq.),TsCl(9.13g,47.9mmol,5eq.),Ar气保护下,抽换气三次,加入无水CH2Cl2(80mL),吡啶(11.4g,144mmol,15eq.),在25℃下快速搅拌5小时,用CH2Cl2萃取(50mL×30),合并有机相,有机相先用1mol/L HCl洗(50mL×1),再用蒸馏水洗(50mL×3),无水硫酸镁干燥有机相,过滤除去硫酸镁,旋蒸蒸除溶剂,剩余物用硅胶层析柱提纯,得淡黄色液体4.6g,产率85%。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.81(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.36(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),4.12(d,J=5.6Hz,2H),3.46–3.23(m,8H),2.47(s,3H),2.20(q,J=11.5,5.8Hz,1H),1.54–1.40(m,4H),1.37–1.17(m,36H),0.90(t,J=6.8Hz,6H)。
实施例4
3,5-二溴苯甲醚(9)的合成
向500mL的圆底烧瓶中加入3,5-二溴氟苯(8)(20.0g,0.08mol,1eq.)和无水DMF(350mL)后,向圆底烧瓶中缓慢加入甲醇钠(5.2g,0.09mol,1.2eq.),室温下剧烈搅拌过夜,然后加入5%HCl中和,停止反应。CH2Cl2萃取(50mL×3),有机相用蒸馏水洗(50mL×3),无水硫酸镁干燥有机相,过滤除去硫酸镁,旋蒸除去溶剂得淡黄色固体,硅胶层析柱提纯(洗脱剂:石油醚),得白色固体30g,产率95%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.25(t,J=1.6Hz,1H),6.99(d,J=1.6Hz,2H),3.78(s,3H).
实施例5
3,5-二溴苯酚(10)的合成
向250mL两口烧瓶中加入3,5-二溴苯甲醚(9)(5g,18.8mmol,1eq.),Ar气保护下,加入无水CH2Cl2(80mL),0℃下逐滴加入BBr3(3.5mL,37.6mmol,2eq.),保持0℃反应3小时后升至室温,避光反应2天碎冰淬灭后停止反应。反应液用CH2Cl2萃取(50mL×3),合并有机相,蒸馏水洗(50mL×3),无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤除去硫酸镁,旋蒸蒸除溶剂,剩余物用硅胶层析柱提纯(洗脱剂:乙醚/石油醚=1/9),得白色固体4.2g,产率90%。Mp=86-89℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.28(t,J=2.0Hz,1H),6.97(t,2H),4.95(s,1H).
实施例6
化合物11的合成
向100mL两口烧瓶中加入7(4g,6.7mmol,1eq.),3,5-二溴苯酚(3g,13.4mmol,2eq.),K2CO3(9g,67mmol,10eq.),Ar气保护下,加入无水THF(50mL),回流48h,停止反应。旋蒸除去THF,用CH2Cl2萃取(50mL×3),合并有机相,蒸馏水洗(50mL×3),无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤除去硫酸镁,旋转蒸蒸除溶剂,剩余物用硅胶层析柱提纯(洗脱剂:PE/EA=25/1),得浅黄色液体3.8g,产率85%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.25(t,J=1.5Hz,1H),7.04(d,J=1.5Hz,2H),4.02(t,J=10.2Hz,2H),3.57–3.47(m,4H),3.42(t,J=6.6Hz,4H),2.41–2.28(m,1H),1.56(d,J=13.5,6.7Hz,4H),1.40–1.21(m,36H),0.88(t,J=22.0,7.4Hz,6H).
实施例7
化合物2a的合成
向50mL两口瓶瓶中依次加入11(500mg,0.74mmol),双频哪醇合二硼(413.8mg,1.63mmol),PdCl2(dppf)(35.56mg,0.045mmol,6%),KOAc(435.1mg,4.44mmol,6eq.),Ar气保护下抽换气三次,加入无水DMF(冷冻除氧)(20mL),加热至80℃,反应3小时,停止反应。冷至室温后,CH2Cl2萃取(50mL×3),合并有机相,蒸馏水洗(50mL×3),无水硫酸镁干燥有机相,过滤除去硫酸镁,旋蒸蒸除溶剂,剩余物用硅胶层析柱提纯(洗脱剂:PE/EA=8/1),GPC分离,得浅黄色油状物:319.41mg,产率56%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.87(s,1H),7.46(s,2H),4.08(d,J=5.5Hz,2H),3.56(d,J=6.0Hz,4H),3.42(t,J=6.6Hz,4H),2.37(m,J=11.5,5.7Hz,1H),1.56(q,J=13.1,6.4Hz,4H),1.36(s,24H),1.27(s,36H),0.90(t,J=6.7Hz,6H).
实施例8
化合物3a的合成
在装有磁力搅拌和回流装置的25mL两口瓶中依次加入2a(100mg,0.13mmol,1eq.),5-溴-2-碘嘧啶(112.8mg,0.40mmol,3eq.),Pd(PPh3)4(8mg,0.0066mmol,5%mol),Ar气保护下,加入THF(冷冻除氧)/Toluene(冷冻除氧)(10/5mL=2/1),2mol/L K2CO3(冷冻除氧)(0.66mL,10eq.),加热至85℃回流,反应24小时后停止反应。冷至室温后,旋蒸除去溶剂,CH2Cl2萃取(50mL×3),合并有机相,蒸馏水洗(50mL×3),无水硫酸镁干燥有机相,过滤除去硫酸镁,旋蒸蒸除溶剂,剩余物用硅胶层析柱提纯(洗脱剂:PE/EA=30/1),得白色固体60mg,产率56%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.08(s,1H),8.88(s,4H),8.15(d,J=1.4Hz,2H),4.25(d,J=5.6Hz,2H),3.62(d,J=6.0Hz,4H),3.45(t,J=6.6Hz,4H),2.54–2.38(m,1H),1.59(m,J=14.6,7.5Hz,4H),1.24(s,36H),0.89(s,6H).
实施例9
化合物Ia的合成与分离
向装有磁力搅拌子和回流装置的25mL两口瓶中依次加入化合物2a(84mg,0.1084mmol1eq.)、化合物3a(90mg,0.1084mmol,1eq.)、Pd(PPh3)4(40mg,0.0325mmol,30%mmol),氩气保护下抽换气三次,加入冷冻除氧的四氢呋喃5mL,冷冻除氧的甲苯2.5mL,冷冻除氧的K2CO3水溶液(2mol/L)1mL,加热至80℃,回流反应80h,停止反应。冷至室温后,用CH2Cl2萃取(50mL×3),合并有机相,蒸馏水洗(50mL×3),无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤除去硫酸镁,旋蒸蒸除溶剂,剩余物用硅胶柱层析提纯(PE:EA=3:1),剩余物经制备凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)进一步提纯,得到以下目标化合物:
I1(n=1):产率为11.5%。MALDI-TOF Mass:Calcd.For C228H372N12O18[M]+:m/z=3569.55;Found:3569.6.1H NMR(400MHz,THF)δ9.49(s,1H),9.30(s,4H),8.25(s,2H),7.86(s,1H),7.47(s,2H),4.33(d,J=5.8Hz,2H),4.29(d,J=5.8Hz,2H),3.66(t,J=5.5Hz,9H),3.48(t,J=6.5Hz,8H),2.46(d,J=3.1Hz,2H),1.60(dd,J=13.7,6.7Hz,10H),1.37–1.21(m,79H),0.86(t,J=6.7Hz,14H)。
I2(n=2):产率为9.3%。MALDI-TOF Mass:Calcd.For C304H496N16O24[M+Na]+:m/z=4778.78;Found:4779.5273。
I3(n=3):产率为7.7%。MALDI-TOF Mass:Calcd.For C304H496N16O24[M+Na]+:m/z=5967.76;Found:5968.8779。
Claims (10)
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物,其特征在于:所述化合物嘧啶基团上的N原子与Pt、Pd或Ru等金属配位。
6.一种如权利要求1所述的含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物的制备方法,包括:
(1)刚性部分以3,5-二溴氟苯为原料,通过取代反应合成3,5-二溴苯甲醚,再经三溴化硼脱甲基化反应合成3,5-二溴苯酚,线性部分采用3-氯-2-氯甲基丙烯为起始原料,经过缩合、硼氢化氧化、对甲苯磺酰化得到线性部分中间体,之后3,5-二溴苯酚在碱性条件下再与线性部分中间体通过亲核取代反应合成3,5-二溴苯长链醚,利用3,5-二溴苯长链醚与双频哪醇合二硼进行Miyaura反应合成单体II;
(2)单体II与5-溴-2碘嘧啶通过Suzuki偶联反应合成单体III;
(3)利用单体II和单体III通过Suzuki偶联一步成环法合成含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物。
7.一种如权利要求1所述的含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物的应用,其特征在于:所述含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物作为自组装单元分子应用于功能材料开发。
8.一种如权利要求1所述的含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物的应用,其特征在于:所述含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物与金属的配位用于制备具有不同功能的复合材料。
9.一种如权利要求1所述的含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物的应用,其特征在于:所述含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物对酸的响应性具有可逆性,用于可调控荧光材料研究。
10.一种如权利要求1所述的含嘧啶基团刚性共轭大环化合物的应用,其特征在于:通过对客体分子的尺寸选择性感应制备具有不同光学及电学的复合材料。
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