CN103802223A - Method for making rock cracks grow and fracture through alternating tensile stress to manufacture slab stone - Google Patents
Method for making rock cracks grow and fracture through alternating tensile stress to manufacture slab stone Download PDFInfo
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- CN103802223A CN103802223A CN201410025169.2A CN201410025169A CN103802223A CN 103802223 A CN103802223 A CN 103802223A CN 201410025169 A CN201410025169 A CN 201410025169A CN 103802223 A CN103802223 A CN 103802223A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for making rock cracks grow and fracture through alternating tensile stress to manufacture slab stone. The method includes the steps that first, a rock mass suitable for being used as stone is selected, and the top face of the rock mass is machined into a preliminary plane; then, quadrangular crack grooves and additional crack grooves in quadrangles are formed in one horizontal plane in the rock mass, a crack initiation area is formed in the area where the crack grooves intersect, a series of alternating tensile stress holes are formed in a preset fracture surface, and the interval between every two adjacent alternating tensile stress holes is between 10 m to 30 m; an alternating tensile stress generator is arranged in each alternating tensile stress hole, and the closed cracks continue to expand and fracture under the action of horizontal alternating tensile stress to form a smooth horizontal fracture surface. The method is used for a separation procedure for exploiting rock on a large scale so as to form separated bodies as the slab stone with large area, the slab stone is partitioned into large stone with different purposes, stone cost is low, and the method has a wide stone application range and cost advantages compared with the prior art.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rock without cutting isolation technics, be specifically related to utilize alternation tension to make rock crackle forming spreading fracture prepare the method for flat-plate stone, the method is applicable to the separation of rock mass, can form very massive plate stone material of area after separation.
Background technology
The Chinese invention patent that applicant applied in 2007, a kind of method of utilizing rock crackle forming continuous spreading fracture to prepare flat-plate stone, the patent No. is 200710028630.x, this application is obtained the authorization.This patented method comprises the steps: that (1) rock mass chooses and preparatory processing: choose natural crack agensis, be suitable for use as the rock mass of stone material, be processed into preliminary plane at rock mass end face; (2) formation of rock mass implosion groove: in the plane forming in step (1), according to rock hardness, determine an approximate rectangular region in the central authorities of plane, rectangular each limit is 5～30 meters to the distance at rock mass edge; According to 4～8 meters of a series of holes of processing of spacing, at rectangular width or length direction, set up a round every 20～30 meters at rectangular four edges; In the region at rectangular four angles, set up 2～5 holes, be used as split plot; According to getting rock mass thickness, on the horizontal plane of same degree of depth rock mass, hole by construction is by rectangle four edges and play hole adjacent on split plot and be communicated with, be processed to form crackle groove, the hole that rectangle insied width or length direction are set up is adjacent by hole connection at same depth level face, and is communicated with the crackle groove on four limits; (3) rock mass implosion groove continues expansion: the hole that in each split plot, one or more step (2) forms connects hydraulic system, seals other holes, and crackle groove is full of after liquid, can reach 150 × 10 with pressure
6the hydraulic system of Pa is exerted pressure to crackle groove, and rock mass implosion groove continues spreading fracture, forms burnishing surface.
The method is by the artificial crackle groove that forms in rock mass, and by the lasting expansion of crackle groove circumferential crack, can prepare the plane of disruption of up to ten thousand square metres, and prior art makes Crack Extension form the method for through crack, comprise perforating clink method, swelling agent static blasting method, metal incendiary composition blasting procedure and water under high pressure break rock dust, all only adopt the formation of crack on a round wall, the length of this formation of crack is the degree of depth of hole wall, can only prepare the plane of disruption of small size, and its area is generally less than 100 square metres.It is larger that this patented method has horizontal breaking area, the lower advantage of manufacturing cost of per unit, the manufacturing cost of unit area of fracture can significantly decline, and with respect to rope sawing and continuous borehole method production technique parting surface on rock mass of prior art, has huge cost advantage.The method provides a kind of useful method of relatively inexpensive extraction rock blank, and the dull and stereotyped rock of extraction is separated into stone material also can directly apply to large-scale dam and engineering, also can carry out further deep processing to the flat-plate stone being divided into, and forms various high-quality building materials.
This patented method also proposes one and improves one's methods on said method, in above-mentioned steps (2), be also included in rectangular center and the alternation tension hole of 5～10m place, lateral extent Mei Tiaobian center formation outside, in hole, bottom place arranges alternation tension generator, apply alternation tension, become tension generator cannelure bisector plane and crackle groove in same level.The bisector plane of the cannelure of alternation tension generator is on the predetermined plane of disruption, carry liquid by the hydraulic system being connected with alternation tension generator, and make to be sealed in the fluid pressure alternation of cannelure, make rock mass produce the alternation tension parallel with crackle groove.But this follow-on method has three requisite technical characterictics: the one, and minister's formation of crack in rock mass, the 2nd, using water pressure fracturing method; The 3rd, application vibration fracturing method.The method is to install alternation tension generator outward additional at closed crackle, makes the horizontal alternation tension of rock generation by alternation tension generator, and Crack Extension is crack initiation under rising water pressure and the acting in conjunction of alternation tension in crackle.But this improved method is implemented on hydraulic fracturing basis, in the expansion forming process of formation of crack, there is all the time the pressure of water under high pressure, and in order to maintain the water under high pressure pressure in formation of crack, aging crack development degree to rock interior has very high requirement, and this has affected the range of application of the technical scheme that the patent No. is 200710028630.x to a certain extent.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of processing charges low, stone material thickness is relatively thin, applicable rock mass is relatively wide, not needing, by the sealing of crackle groove, does not need the alternation tension of utilizing of water under high pressure continuous action to make rock crackle forming spreading fracture prepare the method for flat-plate stone.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Utilize alternation tension to make rock crackle forming spreading fracture prepare the method for flat-plate stone, comprise the steps:
(1) rock mass is chosen and preparatory processing: choose the rock mass that is suitable for use as stone material, be processed into preliminary plane at rock mass end face;
(2) formation in construction hole: in the plane forming in step (1), according to rock hardness, determine an approximate rectangular region in the central authorities of plane, rectangular each limit is 5～30 meters to the distance at rock mass edge, and rectangle quadrangle becomes closed External Cordon Line; In this closure External Cordon Line laterally or longitudinally, mark one every 20～30 meters and set up line; If in closed External Cordon Line laterally or longitudinally and the length of setting up line exceed 60 meters, the mid point of this line arrange a diameter be 0.5 ?the construction hole that vertically crosses of 0.8 meter; On the horizontal plane of same degree of depth rock mass, External Cordon Line and set up line below be that 0.11 meter of 0.08 ?aperture rock drill forms the level the connecting hole (crackle groove base shape hole) of constructing with diameter; Vertically cross construction hole pass through drilling machine construction;
(3) formation of rock mass implosion groove: be that the diamond bead string rope of 8.6 ?11.5mm is through base shape hole and the hole that vertically crosses by diameter, cut the crackle groove of both sides, same degree of depth rock mass horizontal plane base shape hole, crackle groove is curved, and the crackle groove at base shape aperture place is the darkest, be 4 ?8 meters; The most shallow place of crackle groove is less than 0.1 meter, and base shape hole orifice area has been split plot; Vertically cross hole hole wall on same degree of depth rock mass horizontal plane with circular saw machine form the degree of depth be 8 ?the cannelure of 15 centimetres, the crackle groove on hole wall is connected, base shape hole hole wall crackle well width be 8.6 ?11.5mm;
(4) formation in alternation tension hole: the closed External Cordon Line of the outer lateral extent 3 ?10m places at closed External Cordon Line arrange a series of alternation tensions hole, and the spacing between alternation tension hole is 3 ?15m; In each closed crackle groove, the each chink groove of distance 3 ?5 meters form 2 ?3 alternation tension holes, then by every 100 square metres form 1 ?4 alternation tension holes;
(5) rock mass implosion groove continues expansion: alternation tension generator is set in alternation tension hole, alternation tension generator with by pipeline with export the hydraulic system of alternating pressure and be connected, the blast pipe of alternation tension generator, end arranges switch; The upper and lower two ends of alternation tension generator respectively arrange separator, and an expandable resilient sleeve of external diameter is set between two separators, hydraulic seal in alternation tension generator; The bisector plane of the cannelure of alternation tension generator is on the predetermined plane of disruption, and the maximum output pressure of hydraulic system should be lower than the tensile strength of alternation tension hole rock, and alternative frequency is got 1～10Hz; Fluid pressure alternation in alternation tension generator cannelure, and act on by resilient sleeve on the hole wall in alternation tension hole, make hole wall produce the alternation tension that is parallel to the predetermined plane of disruption, when this alternation tension ripple passes to crack tip, produce the alternation tension perpendicular to the predetermined plane of disruption at crack tip; Crack tip crack initiation under the alternation action of pulling stress perpendicular to the predetermined plane of disruption, direction of crack propagation is on the predetermined plane of disruption, and closed crackle is continuous expansion under the alternation action of pulling stress of level, and fracture, forms smooth horizontal breaking face.
Further, described in, set up crackle groove, outer ring crackle groove cuts formation by diamond wire saw.
The described width of setting up crackle groove and outer ring crackle groove is 11mm.
The base shape bore dia of described step (2) is 80～110mm; The bore dia that crosses be 500 ?800mm.
The maximum output pressure of described hydraulic system is lower than 40 × 10
6pa.
Described alternation tension production method be contained on motor vehicle heavy 50 ?300 kilograms impact hammer with per minute 20 ?clash into the rock of crackles top 50 times, formula rock produces the alternation tension vertical with crackle groove.
Principle of the present invention:
(1) alternation tension effect.According to fracture mechanics, the quasi-static tensile load that is parallel to direction of check does not crack point stresses and concentrates, and when in same direction, crack tip is passed in tension pulse, due to the inertia effect, crack tip produces the alternation tension vertical with crackle, and crack tip will be done opening mode expansion.When Tear-type Crack Propagation, crack surfaces displacement is opposite each other, and direction is all perpendicular to the propagation direction of crackle.
(2) inertia effect: when crack tip is passed in the tension pulse that is parallel to direction of check, the rock of crackle is produced and the vibration of crackle vertical direction, this effect is called the inertia effect.The inertia force of the vibration of crackle rock makes crack tip produce the alternation tension vertical with crackle.Crackle area is larger, and the amplitude of crackle rock vibration is larger, and inertia force is larger, and the alternation tension vertical with crackle that crack tip is produced is larger.Crackle is by first in crackle area large region crack initiation, expansion.The crackle first region of crack initiation has been called split plot.
(3) the alternation tension that is parallel to closed crackle causes the expansion of closed crackle: the tensile strength of rock is generally 1/4～1/25 of compression strength, average out to 1/10 left and right, fissare rock ratio does not have fissare Tensile Strength of Rock little a lot, in prior art, the perforating clink method crack surface of riving, make crackle destroy required tension as draftability just less, therefore, it is a kind of failure mode of relatively easy generation rock that crackle is done opening mode expansion.In general, the hot strength of rock is about 40 × 10
5pa～130 × 10
5pa.Once the crackle of crackle groove is made horizontal extension, crackle area increases rapidly, when the horizontal tension ripple of equality strength passes to crack tip again, the inertia effect strengthens, produce the alternation tension also corresponding increase vertical with crackle at crack tip, show as less horizontal alternation tension and also can make crackle crack initiation expansion again.The expansion of crackle after crack initiation becomes more and more easier.
(3) size enough large rock present isotropism: rock mechanics test shows, rock has dimensional effect.The rock sample of small size, rock is anisotropy, and along with the increase of rock volume, the difference of rock anisotropy reduces, and rock is larger, more trends towards presenting isotropism, is tending towards the mechanical property of homogeneous material.The cliff that nature is steep, some of them surface is very straight, is widely used as the large intrinsic fracture of parting surface in mining industry, and some of them surface is very straight.Enough large rock fracture is described, when Crack Extension, can obtains large flat face, when Crack Extension, rock presents isotropism, and crackle is done opening mode expansion by Elasticity rule.
Compared with prior art, tool has the following advantages and beneficial effect in the present invention:
(1) the present invention makes closed Crack Extension in rock by alternation tension, processes smooth stone material, does not need to utilize water under high pressure to make Crack Extension, does not need the sealing of counterincision groove, can adapt to various processing of stone, includes certain crackle and grows rock.The patent No. is that the technical scheme of 200710028630.x is to make Crack Extension by hydraulic fracturing, in the expansion forming process of formation of crack, there is all the time the pressure of water under high pressure, and in order to maintain the water under high pressure pressure in formation of crack, aging crack development degree to rock interior has very high requirement, and this has affected the range of application of this technical scheme to a certain extent.
(2) the present invention passes through the artificial crackle groove that forms in rock mass, and by the lasting expansion of crackle groove circumferential crack, can prepare the plane of disruption of up to ten thousand square metres, and prior art can only be prepared the plane of disruption of small size, and its area is generally less than 100 square metres.
(3) to have horizontal breaking area larger in the present invention, the lower advantage of manufacturing cost of per unit, the manufacturing cost of unit area of fracture can significantly decline, and with respect to rope sawing and continuous borehole method production technique parting surface on rock mass of prior art, has huge cost advantage.
(4) rock is high-quality construction material, aboundresources, method of the present invention provides a kind of useful method of relatively inexpensive extraction rock blank, the stone material that the dull and stereotyped rock extracting is divided into also can directly apply to large-scale dam engineering and maybe can directly apply to the engineerings such as large-scale water conservancy, harbour, dykes and dams and bridge pier, also can carry out further deep processing to the stone material being divided into, form various high-quality building materials.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is predetermined plane of disruption schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is alternation tension pore structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the predetermined plane of disruption schematic diagram of embodiment 2.
The specific embodiment
In order to understand better the present invention, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
As shown in Figure 1, choose the rock mass 1 that is suitable for use as stone material, general rock mass mountain top is relatively little, more downward, the horizontal sectional area of rock mass is larger, and the mine stripping means of available routine, removes topsoil, and determine a workspace at massif top, form first horizontal breaking face, generally approximately get 20 × 30 square metres, first rock above plane of disruption is the irregular rock at rock mass top, remove this rock, the plane of disruption exposing is exactly a preliminary plane.Exploitation downwards, horizontal breaking face is larger.As shown in Figure 1, reach the horizontal breaking face of 100 × 100 square metres is example.Add man-hour, first form working face: after the flat-plate stone forming is cut apart, transport, expose the working face that forms next horizontal breaking face.
On working face, according to the hardness of rock mass, determine an approximate rectangular region 2 in the central authorities of plane, rectangular each limit is 5～30 meters to the distance at rock mass edge.Because massif shape is lack of standardization, the rectangular region of getting is one and is roughly rectangular region, and to massif edge also not etc., nearer is 5 meters of left and right, far reaches 30 meters on rectangular each limit; Rectangle quadrangle becomes closed External Cordon Line 7, in this closure External Cordon Line 7 laterally or longitudinally, mark one every 20～30 meters and set up line 8; If in closed External Cordon Line 7 laterally or longitudinally and the length of setting up line exceed 60 meters, the mid point of this line arrange a diameter be 0.5 ?the hole 3 that vertically crosses of 0.8 meter; On the horizontal plane of same degree of depth rock mass, External Cordon Line and set up line below be that 80 ?110mm large aperture rock drills form the level the connecting hole of constructing with diameter, be crackle groove base shape hole 4; Vertically cross construction hole 3 pass through drilling machine construction.
The formation of rock mass implosion groove: be the preferred 11mm of 8.6 ?11.5mm(by diameter) diamond bead string rope through crackle groove base shape hole 4 and the hole 3 that vertically crosses, the interior correction cylinder that preferably arranges in hole 3 vertically crosses, bead string rope on cylinder is on predetermined horizontal section, cut the crackle groove 5 of both sides, same degree of depth rock mass horizontal plane base shape hole, crackle groove is curved, the crackle groove at aperture place, base shape hole is the darkest, be 4 ?8 meters; Crackle groove is the most shallow, is not less than 0.1 meter, and base shape hole orifice area has been split plot 6; Vertically cross hole hole wall on same degree of depth rock mass horizontal plane with circular saw machine form the degree of depth be 8 ?the cannelure of 15 centimetres, the crackle groove on hole wall is connected, base shape hole hole wall crackle well width is 11mm.
Diamond wire saw sawing process is technology ripe in processing of stone industry, for digging the deep hole that connects diamond bead string rope, horizontal drilling diameter be generally 38 ?90mm, have the rock drill of Multiple Type available.Use diameter be 60 ?the common large aperture rock drill of 90mm drill bit, while creeping into granite, the sagging correction factor of drill bit is 10mm/m(1/100), orientating device is installed on drilling rod and also can be reduced the sagging of drill bit.The granite of 5 grades of hardness of diamond wire saw sawing, cutting-rate also can reach 5 squares ms/h of 3 ?.Conventionally cutting area is larger, and the life-span of diamond bead string rope is longer, and cutting-rate is also relatively high.When cutting granite, the optimum diameter that can adopt bead string rope is 11mm, and it is generally 8.6 ?11.5mm that saw meets size, when sawing sheet material, and smooth can the be controlled at ± 0.5mm of plate surface.As diamond wire saw maximum sawing section be the section of more than 700 square metre.In prior art for exploit the bead string rope diameter of earth's surface stone material be 8.6 ?11.5mm, rope length can reach 200 meters.
As shown in Figure 1, at the closed External Cordon Line of the outer lateral extent 3 ?10m places of closed External Cordon Line 7, a series of alternation tensions hole 20 is set, the spacing between alternation tension hole is 3 ?15m; In each closed crackle groove, the each chink groove of distance 3 ?5 meters form 2 ?3 alternation tension holes, then by every 100 square metres form 1 ?4 alternation tension holes;
As shown in Figure 2, drilling machine construction can be passed through in alternation tension hole 20, aperture is 100～250mm, hole depth is determined according to Fig. 2, make the bisector plane of the cannelure of alternation tension generator 21 be in required hole depth on the predetermined plane of disruption 15, at the predetermined plane of disruption, 15 places arrange alternation tension generator 21, and alternation tension generator 21 is connected with the hydraulic system 24 of output alternating pressure by pipeline 22.The maximum output pressure of hydraulic system 24 should be lower than the tensile strength of alternation tension hole 20 rocks, for avoiding this alternation tension hole 20 rock appearance around to destroy, generally lower than 40 × 10
6pa; Desirable 1～the 10Hz of alternative frequency, blast pipe 23 ends of alternation tension generator 21 arrange switch 25, while entering the cannelure of alternation tension generator 21 for liquid, air in cannelure is discharged from blast pipe 23, will first shut the switch 25 of blast pipe 23 ends when alternation tension generator 21 is worked.Pipeline 22 is with fixture 26, for pipeline 22 is fixed in hole.Alternation tension generator respectively arranges between separator 27, two separators 27 an expandable resilient sleeve 28 of external diameter is set in two ends Shang Xia 21, hydraulic seal in alternation tension generator.
Alternation tension production method is: the bisector plane of the cannelure of alternation tension generator 21 is on the predetermined plane of disruption 15, carry liquid by the hydraulic system 24 being connected with alternation tension generator 21, and make to be sealed in the fluid pressure alternation of cannelure, make rock mass produce the alternation tension parallel with crackle groove.When work, fluid pressure alternation in alternation tension generator 21 cannelures, and act on by resilient sleeve 28 on the hole wall in alternation tension hole 20, make hole wall produce the alternation tension that is parallel to the predetermined plane of disruption 15, when this alternation tension passes to crack tip, produce the alternation tension perpendicular to the predetermined plane of disruption 15 at crack tip.Crack tip this perpendicular to the alternation action of pulling stress of the predetermined plane of disruption 15 under crack initiation, direction of crack propagation is on the predetermined plane of disruption 15, closed crackle is continuous expansion under the alternation action of pulling stress of level, fracture, form smooth horizontal breaking face.
Crack tip crack initiation is to be in crackle to make the stress of opening mode expansion and occur.Tear-type Crack Propagation is opposite each other at the direction of displacement that forms crackle two sides, but all occurs perpendicular to the direction of Crack Extension.Opening mode crack expansion has linearity, is the basis that forms flat face.The condition that crackle is done opening mode expansion is that the alternation tension of crack tip is vertical with crack surfaces, presents isotropism when rock crack is expanded simultaneously.The dimensional effect of rock is thought the rock block of small size, and rock is anisotropy, and along with the increase of rock volume, the difference of rock anisotropy reduces, and is tending towards presenting isotropism, is tending towards the mechanical property of homogeneous material.When the little Crack Extension of rock mass internal fissure length, rock presents anisotropy; Length is enough when large Crack Extension, and rock presents isotropism.Therefore at grade,, when very long crackle is done the expansion of opening mode, can obtain the straight plane of disruption.Straight, the large intrinsic fracture in some surfaces is exactly example.That is to say, when the length of rock mass implosion groove meets rock and presents isotropic requirement, horizontal crackle groove circumferential crack is expanded for the first time according to opening mode propagation law and is carried out, once crackle crack initiation, very long one section of crackle will be expanded forward with very fast speed, form local horizontal breaking face, Crack Extension one segment distance will stop expansion.Under horizontal alternation action of pulling stress, crackle is crack initiation again, expansion again on horizontal plane.Crackle continues expansion like this.The inside running crack of closed crackle remains closed form, and the area that continues the lower closed crackle encirclement of expansion is more and more less, finally converges completely and forms the complete plane of disruption.
In order to reduce construction cost, can once form the required hole of which floor flat-plate stone.Concrete grammar is in alternation tension hole 20 and construction hole 3, according to the thickness of got stone material, pull length is several stone material thickness of being got, obtaining after ground floor stone material according to the method described above, one deck stone material under lower one deck uses the same method preparation, can reduce the construction cost in hole so again.But note the global shape of rock mass 1, if the peripheral gradient of rock mass 1 is larger, the crackle groove of stone material that level is got is determined by the upper rectangular region in top below, if taken away after the stone material of upper strata through said method once or several times, its rectangular region is larger from got level rock mass edge, as exceedes 25 meters, the rectangle of closed External Cordon Line 82 must be expanded, form the new larger rectangle of area, can the stone material on exploitation after, require construction hole to continue exploitation downwards according to new rectangle.
Utilize alternation tension to make horizontal crackle in the principle of horizontal plane expansion be: the alternation tension ripple of rock makes the rock of crackle produce the vibration of vertical direction, the inertia force of crackle rock vertical vibration makes the alternation tension of crack tip generation vertical direction, crack tip crack initiation under the stress of expanding expansion, expansion.The rock alternation tension that makes crackle rock make vertical vibration can have both direction: the one, and the alternation tension of level, is that crackle rock is made vertical vibration by alternation tension effect; The 2nd, above crackle, vertically knock rock, the alternation tension ripple vertical by rock makes crackle rock do the vibration of vertical direction.Therefore the alternation tension of two kinds of directions can form different schemes.The embodiment 1 just horizontal alternation tension of employing makes crackle crack initiation, expansion.
Embodiment 2
This embodiment adopts vertical alternation tension to make crackle crack initiation, expansion.This embodiment and embodiment 1 difference have 2 points: the one, and this embodiment forms crackle groove as shown in Figure 3, has cancelled embodiment 1 and has formed alternation tension hole and use alternation tension generator.The 2nd, this embodiment forms the crackle groove sum shown in Fig. 3, in the outside of outer ring crackle groove of setting up crackle groove two ends, according to spacing 4 ?7 meters of configurations the motor vehicle of impact hammer is housed, the end of impact hammer is wooden, hammer into shape heavy 50 ?300 kilograms, be in vertical reciprocating motion, shock number of times per minute be 20 ?50 times, clash into the rock of crackle top, and along with Crack Extension is progressively pushed ahead striking point, make crackle form the plane of disruption.
The foregoing is only preferably possible embodiments of the present invention, not thereby limit protection scope of the present invention, the equivalent structure that all application description of the present invention or accompanying drawing content are carried out changes, and is all contained in protection domain of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. utilize alternation tension to make rock crackle forming spreading fracture prepare the method for flat-plate stone, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) rock mass is chosen and preparatory processing: choose the rock mass that is suitable for use as stone material, be processed into preliminary plane at rock mass end face;
(2) formation in construction hole: in the plane forming in step (1), according to rock hardness, determine an approximate rectangular region in the central authorities of plane, rectangular each limit is 5～30 meters to the distance at rock mass edge, and rectangle quadrangle becomes closed External Cordon Line; In this closure External Cordon Line laterally or longitudinally, mark one every 20～30 meters and set up line; If in closed External Cordon Line laterally or longitudinally and the length of setting up line exceed 60 meters, the mid point of this line arrange a diameter be 0.5 ?the construction hole that vertically crosses of 0.8 meter; On the horizontal plane of same degree of depth rock mass, External Cordon Line and set up line below with diameter be the crackle groove base shape hole that 0.11 meter of 0.08 ?aperture rock drill forms the level of perforation; Vertically cross construction hole pass through drilling machine construction;
(3) formation of rock mass implosion groove: be that the diamond bead string rope of 8.6 ?11.5mm is through base shape hole and the hole that vertically crosses by diameter, cut the crackle groove of both sides, same degree of depth rock mass horizontal plane base shape hole, crackle groove is curved, and the crackle groove at base shape aperture place is the darkest, be 4 ?8 meters; The most shallow place of crackle groove is less than 0.1 meter, and base shape hole orifice area has been split plot; Vertically cross hole hole wall on same degree of depth rock mass horizontal plane with circular saw machine form the degree of depth be 8 ?the cannelure of 15 centimetres, the crackle groove on hole wall is connected, base shape hole hole wall crackle well width be 8.6 ?11.5mm;
(4) formation in alternation tension hole: the closed External Cordon Line of the outer lateral extent 3 ?10m places at closed External Cordon Line arrange a series of alternation tensions hole, and the spacing between alternation tension hole is 3 ?15m; In each closed crackle groove, the each chink groove of distance 3 ?5 meters form 2 ?3 alternation tension holes, then by every 100 square metres form 1 ?4 alternation tension holes;
(5) rock mass implosion groove continues expansion: alternation tension generator is set in alternation tension hole, alternation tension generator with by pipeline with export the hydraulic system of alternating pressure and be connected, the blast pipe of alternation tension generator, end arranges switch; The upper and lower two ends of alternation tension generator respectively arrange separator, and an expandable resilient sleeve of external diameter is set between two separators, hydraulic seal in alternation tension generator; The bisector plane of the cannelure of alternation tension generator is on the predetermined plane of disruption, and the maximum output pressure of hydraulic system should be lower than the tensile strength of alternation tension hole rock, and alternative frequency is got 1～10Hz; Fluid pressure alternation in alternation tension generator cannelure, and act on by resilient sleeve on the hole wall in alternation tension hole, make hole wall produce the alternation tension that is parallel to the predetermined plane of disruption, when this alternation tension passes to crack tip, produce the alternation tension perpendicular to the predetermined plane of disruption at crack tip; Crack tip crack initiation under the alternation action of pulling stress perpendicular to the predetermined plane of disruption, direction of crack propagation is on the predetermined plane of disruption, and closed crackle is continuous expansion under the alternation action of pulling stress of level, and fracture, forms smooth horizontal breaking face.
2. the alternation tension of utilizing according to claim 1 makes rock crackle forming spreading fracture prepare the method for flat-plate stone, it is characterized in that: described in set up crackle groove, outer ring crackle groove cuts formation by diamond wire saw.
3. the alternation tension of utilizing according to claim 1 makes rock crackle forming spreading fracture prepare the method for flat-plate stone, it is characterized in that: described in set up crackle groove and outer ring crackle groove width be 11mm.
4. the alternation tension of utilizing according to claim 1 makes rock crackle forming spreading fracture prepare the method for flat-plate stone, it is characterized in that: the base shape bore dia of described step (2) is 80～110mm; The bore dia that crosses be 500 ?800mm.
5. the alternation tension of utilizing according to claim 1 makes rock crackle forming spreading fracture prepare the method for flat-plate stone, it is characterized in that: the maximum output pressure of described hydraulic system is lower than 40 × 10
6pa.
6. the alternation tension of utilizing according to claim 1 makes rock crackle forming spreading fracture prepare the method for flat-plate stone, it is characterized in that: described alternation tension production method be contained on motor vehicle heavy 50 ?300 kilograms impact hammer with per minute 20 ?clash into the rock of crackles top 50 times, formula rock produces the alternation tension vertical with crackle groove.
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| EP0182510A1 (en) * | 1984-10-23 | 1986-05-28 | Okumura Corporation | Rock crushing device and method |
| US5087100A (en) * | 1990-10-17 | 1992-02-11 | Bruce Howard D | Method of fracturing rock or similar material and apparatus therefore |
| CN2685528Y (en) * | 2004-03-09 | 2005-03-16 | 中国石化集团胜利石油管理局钻井工艺研究院 | Underground high pressure hydraulic pulse generator |
| CN101077598A (en) * | 2007-06-18 | 2007-11-28 | 李衍远 | Method for preparing flat-plate stone using rock crackle forming continuous spreading fracture |
| CN201357085Y (en) * | 2009-01-23 | 2009-12-09 | 张本照 | Hydraulic ore crusher |
| CN102384874A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-03-21 | 中原工学院 | Method and pressure chamber for measuring crack characteristics of damaged rock |
-
2014
- 2014-01-20 CN CN201410025169.2A patent/CN103802223B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60203798A (en) * | 1984-03-27 | 1985-10-15 | 古河機械金属株式会社 | Rock crushing method and apparatus |
| EP0182510A1 (en) * | 1984-10-23 | 1986-05-28 | Okumura Corporation | Rock crushing device and method |
| US5087100A (en) * | 1990-10-17 | 1992-02-11 | Bruce Howard D | Method of fracturing rock or similar material and apparatus therefore |
| CN2685528Y (en) * | 2004-03-09 | 2005-03-16 | 中国石化集团胜利石油管理局钻井工艺研究院 | Underground high pressure hydraulic pulse generator |
| CN101077598A (en) * | 2007-06-18 | 2007-11-28 | 李衍远 | Method for preparing flat-plate stone using rock crackle forming continuous spreading fracture |
| CN201357085Y (en) * | 2009-01-23 | 2009-12-09 | 张本照 | Hydraulic ore crusher |
| CN102384874A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-03-21 | 中原工学院 | Method and pressure chamber for measuring crack characteristics of damaged rock |
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