CN103804056A - Method for preparing straw based super absorbent resin fertilizer at normal temperature - Google Patents
Method for preparing straw based super absorbent resin fertilizer at normal temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN103804056A CN103804056A CN201410067228.2A CN201410067228A CN103804056A CN 103804056 A CN103804056 A CN 103804056A CN 201410067228 A CN201410067228 A CN 201410067228A CN 103804056 A CN103804056 A CN 103804056A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing straw based super absorbent resin fertilizer at normal temperature with low cost. The method comprises the following steps: (1) straw pretreatment: cleaning, drying, cutting and grinding straws, sieving with a 100-mesh standard sieve and collecting straw powder with particle size of less than 100 meshes; (2) preparation of urea-containing straw based super absorbent resin fertilizer: sequentially adding N'N-methylene bisacrylamide, urea and acrylic acid solution with concentration of 10% and neutralization degree of 30-70% into straw powder obtained in the step 1, stirring and mixing the above reaction raw materials uniformly, introducing nitrogen gas for deoxidization for 0.5-1h, adding Na2SO3 and K2S2O8 for reaction for 3-5h at 20-30 DEG C, and drying to obtain the urea-containing straw based super absorbent resin fertilizer, wherein the mass ratio of straw to acrylic acid solution to N'N-methylene bisacrylamide to urea to K2S2O8 to Na2SO3 is 1:20-80:0.002-0.01:0.5-2:0.04-0.16:0.02-0.08 in the reaction process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of the super absorbent resin for agriculture slow release fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of urea-containing straw base super absorbent resin and normal temperature preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Chemical fertilizer is the basic substance of increases in grain production, and according to Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO (FAO) statistics, global chemical fertilizer accounts for 40%～60% to the contribution of increasing crop yield.China supports the population in the Liao Zhan world 22% to account for the arable land in the world 9%, wherein chemical fertilizer is about 50% to the contribution of increases in grain production, performs meritorious deeds never to be obliterated.China is maximum in the world chemical fertilizers production state and country of consumption, and chemical fertilizer annual production accounts for 30% of the whole world, and consumption accounts for 35% of the whole world.Traditional fertilizer nutrient releasing speed is fast, and the most of nutrient in fertilizer is easily leached, volatilizees, fixes, and utilization ratio is low.Research shows, China's chemical fertilizer this season utilization ratio is on average about 30%.The low waste that not only causes resource of chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, has reduced the economic benefit of agriculture production, and has brought serious environmental problem, comprises degradation under water body pollution of area source, soil pollution, topsoil and quality of agricultural product.How to improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio and become the common problem of paying close attention in countries in the world.Sustained-controll-release fertiliser and Multifunction fertilizer are the hot fields of world today's fertilizer research and development, are representing the developing direction of new-type fertilizer.Sustained-controll-release fertiliser can slowly discharge nutrient and meet the nutritional needs of farm crop, and the shortcoming of therefore effectively having avoided traditional instant fertilizer easily to run off has improved the utilization ratio of chemical fertilizer greatly, can effectively reduce and excessively use the environmental pollution that chemical fertilizer brings.Compared with common fertilizer, its fertilizer efficiency is long, and applied once can meet the nutrient demand of crop long period, can reduce fertilizer application frequency and improve crop yield, thereby reducing fertilising operating cost, increases economic efficiency.Sustained-controll-release fertiliser has features such as " synergy, joint fertilizer, saving of labor, environmental protection ", provides new thinking and approach for solving utilization rate of fertilizer problem of environmental pollution low and that excessive fertilising brings.The slow controlled release principle of sustained-controll-release fertiliser mainly contains Physical, chemical method and biological process at present.Therefore, sustained-controll-release fertiliser is correspondingly mainly divided into physics obstruction type, chemosynthesis type and biochemical inhibition type.Chemosynthesis type sustained-controll-release fertiliser is that direct the microsolubility fertilizer of chemosynthesis (or indirectly) is keyed on preformed polymkeric substance with covalency (or ion), and a kind of new polymers fertilizer forming.The slow controlled-release effect of this type of sustained-controll-release fertiliser is relatively good, but often can not meet crop at early growth period the demand to nutrient, and cost is higher.Biochemical inhibition type sustained-controll-release fertiliser is through the conventional fertilizer of biostats (or promotor) improvement, is mainly used in instant nitrogenousfertilizer.But most of biochemical restrainers are expensive, toxicity is larger, thereby is difficult to widespread use.Physics obstruction type sustained-controll-release fertiliser is mainly at one or more layers low water solubility material of fertiliser granulates surface-coated by spraying, the means such as dry, form fine and close low-permeability dressing and hinder moisture and enter the speed of fertilizer kernel, and then reach the object that restriction nutrient discharges.Coating coated sustained-controll-release fertiliser is a development in recent years class the most rapidly, is also a class of proportion maximum in sustained-controll-release fertiliser.Find the coated fertilizer of desirable sustained-controll-release fertiliser, in improving slow release effect, reducing costs is the focus of research.High hydrophilous resin is applied to modern agriculture soil improvement because of its good water absorbing and retaining properties, and High hydrophilous resin can increase soil agreegate, improves Soil structure; Improve soil water-retaining capacity, increase soil moisture content; Increase retention capacity of soil, reduce soil water evaporation amount and soil moisture seepage velocity; Improve soil fertilizer ability.At present the route of synthesis of High hydrophilous resin mainly contains two kinds: one be synthetic be resin, the main hydrophilic monomer with double bond structure that utilizes carries out copolymerization; Another kind is to utilize the natural polyhydroxy compounds such as starch, Mierocrystalline cellulose, chitosan, alginic acid and wetting ability function monomer to carry out graft copolymerization.Non-renewable because of petroleum resources, and the continuous enhancing of people's environmental consciousness, synthetic be resin because of bottleneck problems such as its cost is high, degraded difficulties, be eliminated gradually.Be conceived to resources, ecotope harmonious development, and the feature such as biodegradable, people place high hopes to the exploitation of renewable stalk cellulose.The natural polymer such as rich cellulose, xylogen in stalk material, on molecular chain, be distributed with a large amount of hydroxyls, carboxyl isoreactivity group, can prepare high absorbency material through processing, this not only can make stalk resource be utilized effectively, can also reduce the cost of high absorbency material, increase the complex function of super absorbent resin.Not only water absorbent rate is higher to adopt the plain High hydrophilous resin of preparing of crop branch fiber, and Stability Analysis of Structures, and long-time water suction is also difficult for decomposition, has good water retention property.In addition, by agricultural wastes straw higher value application, significant to agriculture Sustainable development.High hydrophilous resin can, by different modes and the composite use of fertilizer, not only can play the effect of soil improvement, and fertilizer be played to the dual function of slowly-releasing.Can expect, research, production and the large scale application with the multi-functional water conservation slow release fertilizer that water absorbent rate is high, slow release effect is strong, manufacture craft is simple, cheap will become the inexorable trend of Growth of Chemical Fertilizer Industry from now on.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: the straw base super absorbent resin fertilizer normal temperature preparation method that provides a kind of low production cost to produce.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: straw base super absorbent resin fertilizer normal temperature preparation method, comprise the steps: (1), stalk pre-treatment: by clean stalk, dry, brachymemma, pulverizing, cross 100 mesh standard sieves, collect the stalk powder of the following particle diameter of 100 order;
(2), contain the preparation of urea straw base High hydrophilous resin fertilizer: get the stalk powder that step (1) obtains, add N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide, adds urea, then adds the acrylic acid solution that degree of neutralization 30%～70%, concentration are 10%; Above-mentioned reaction raw materials is uniformly mixed, and logical nitrogen deoxygenation 0.5～1 hour, adds Na
2sO
3and K
2s
2o
8, react 3～6 hours at 20～30 ℃, reaction product is dry, must contain the straw base High hydrophilous resin fertilizer of urea.In reaction, stalk: third～olefin(e) acid solution: N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide: urea: K
2s
2o
8: Na
2sO
3mass ratio be 1:20～80:0.002～0.01:0.5～2:0.04～0.16:0.02～0.08.
Advantage of the present invention is: utilize straw base super absorbent resin fertilizer normal temperature preparation method, stalk addition 9%～30%, water absorbent rate 104.9g/g～296.4g/g, urea content can regulate as required, compared with additive method, reaction is without heating, carry out at normal temperatures, reaction conditions gentleness, energy-conservation, realize the compound of water soluble fertilizer urea and High hydrophilous resin, preparation process is simple, in High hydrophilous resin fertilizer, add in a large number agricultural solid refuse stalk, biological degradability is good, with low cost, the straw base High hydrophilous resin fertilizer of preparation has good water-absorbing-retaining performance, and urea is had to slow releasing function, can be used in improvement soil, improve crop growth environment, achieve many things at one stroke, be suitable for agricultural extension application, prepared can be used in agriculture production containing urea straw base High hydrophilous resin fertilizer, its usage is to impose on plant root soil, its fertilizer efficiency is long, applied once can meet the nutrient demand of crop long period, can reduce fertilizer application frequency and improve crop yield.And can reduce loss and the seepage of soil moisture, and make full use of water resources, regulate the balance of water-content in soil, after certain usage period, can be degraded by microorganisms, turn the fertilizer that plant needs into, not to environment.
Embodiment
Describe in detail particular content of the present invention below by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
(1), stalk pre-treatment: by clean stalk, dry, brachymemma, pulverizing, cross 100 mesh standard sieves, collect the stalk powder of the following particle diameter of 100 order;
(2), contain the preparation of urea straw base High hydrophilous resin fertilizer: get the stalk powder that 1.0g step 1 obtains, add N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide, adds urea, then adds the acrylic acid solution that degree of neutralization 30%, concentration are 10%.Above-mentioned reaction raw materials is uniformly mixed, and logical nitrogen deoxygenation 0.5 hour, adds Na
2sO
3and K
2s
2o
8, 20
ounder C, react 6 hours, reaction product is dried, must contain the straw base High hydrophilous resin fertilizer of urea.In reaction, stalk: acrylic acid solution: N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide: urea: K
2s
2o
8: Na
2sO
3mass ratio be 1:20:0.002:0.5:0.04:0.02.Technical indicator: water absorbent rate 146.6g/g, stalk addition 28.6%, urea content 14.3%.
Embodiment 2
(1), stalk pre-treatment: by clean stalk, dry, brachymemma, pulverizing, cross 100 mesh standard sieves, collect the stalk powder of the following particle diameter of 100 order;
(2), contain the preparation of urea straw base High hydrophilous resin fertilizer: get the stalk powder that 1.0g step 1 obtains, add N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide, adds urea, then adds the acrylic acid solution that degree of neutralization 50%, concentration are 10%.Above-mentioned reaction raw materials is uniformly mixed, and logical nitrogen deoxygenation 0.5 hour, adds Na
2sO
3and K
2s
2o
8, 25
ounder C, react 4 hours, reaction product is dried, must contain the straw base High hydrophilous resin fertilizer of urea.In reaction, stalk: acrylic acid solution: N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide: urea: K
2s
2o
8: Na
2sO
3mass ratio be 1:40:0.006:1:0.08:0.04.Technical indicator: water absorbent rate 204.1g/g, stalk addition 17.7%, urea content 17.7%.
Embodiment 3
(1), stalk pre-treatment: by clean stalk, dry, brachymemma, pulverizing, cross 100 mesh standard sieves, collect the stalk powder of the following particle diameter of 100 order;
(2), contain the preparation of urea straw base High hydrophilous resin fertilizer: get the stalk powder that 1.0g step 1 obtains, add N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide, adds urea, then adds the acrylic acid solution that degree of neutralization 70%, concentration are 10%.Above-mentioned reaction raw materials is uniformly mixed, and logical nitrogen deoxygenation 1 hour, adds Na
2sO
3and K
2s
2o
8, 30
ounder C, react 3 hours, reaction product is dried, must contain the straw base High hydrophilous resin fertilizer of urea.In reaction, stalk: acrylic acid solution: N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide: urea: K
2s
2o
8: Na
2sO
3mass ratio be 1:80:0.01:2:0.16:0.08.Technical indicator: water absorbent rate 109.4g/g, stalk addition 9.1%, urea content 18.2%.
Claims (1)
1. straw base super absorbent resin fertilizer normal temperature preparation method, is characterized in that: comprise the steps: (1), stalk pre-treatment: by clean stalk, dry, brachymemma, pulverizing, cross 100 mesh standard sieves, collect the stalk powder of the following particle diameter of 100 order;
(2), contain the preparation of urea straw base High hydrophilous resin fertilizer: get the stalk powder that step (1) obtains, add N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide, adds urea, then adds the acrylic acid solution that degree of neutralization 30%～70%, concentration are 10%; Above-mentioned reaction raw materials is uniformly mixed, and logical nitrogen deoxygenation 0.5～1 hour, adds Na
2sO
3and K
2s
2o
8, react 3～6 hours at 20～30 ℃, reaction product is dry, must contain the straw base High hydrophilous resin fertilizer of urea; In reaction, stalk: third～olefin(e) acid solution: N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide: urea: K
2s
2o
8: Na
2sO
3mass ratio be 1:20～80:0.002～0.01:0.5～2:0.04～0.16:0.02～0.08.
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| CN201410067228.2A CN103804056A (en) | 2014-02-27 | 2014-02-27 | Method for preparing straw based super absorbent resin fertilizer at normal temperature |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104262001A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-07 | 盐城工学院 | Method for preparing straw-based resin fertilizer |
| CN106431687A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-02-22 | 福建省水土保持试验站 | Water hyacinth drought-resistant slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106478252A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-03-08 | 福建省水土保持试验站 | A kind of Value of Spartina Anglica anti-drought slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107129399A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2017-09-05 | 芜湖晋诚农业科技有限公司 | A kind of compoiste fertilizer for Seedling Stage plastic tent cucumber |
| CN107473805A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-12-15 | 盐城工学院 | A kind of straw charcoal base high water absorption slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN112876307A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-01 | 西北师范大学 | Degradable super absorbent resin with nitrogen fertilizer slow-release effect and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106431687A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-02-22 | 福建省水土保持试验站 | Water hyacinth drought-resistant slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106478252A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-03-08 | 福建省水土保持试验站 | A kind of Value of Spartina Anglica anti-drought slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107473805A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-12-15 | 盐城工学院 | A kind of straw charcoal base high water absorption slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107129399A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2017-09-05 | 芜湖晋诚农业科技有限公司 | A kind of compoiste fertilizer for Seedling Stage plastic tent cucumber |
| CN112876307A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-01 | 西北师范大学 | Degradable super absorbent resin with nitrogen fertilizer slow-release effect and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20140521 |