CN103793259A - Virtual device generating and deploying method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of virtual computer environments and particularly relates to a virtual device generating and deploying method. Automatic virtual device generating and deploying are achieved by disintegrating the complete virtual machine image used by a virtual device into a basic substrate and a business device. The method includes the steps of firstly, deploying a virtual computing environment, deploying a physical host, and deploying a management server; secondly, under the support of the virtual computing environment, realizing virtual device generating and deploying through virtual device modules, and respectively setting virtual device modules including a universal template database, a device library, a device generating container, a device assembling container and an executing unit; thirdly, using a front-end user interface to create and generating the virtual device; fourthly, when the virtual device saved in the virtual device library is applied in the virtual computing environment, deploying the virtual device through the front-end user interface. The method has the advantages that the problems that application software submitting, deploying and configuring are difficult and time consuming are solved, the problem that the virtual device in the existing commercial technology is excessively large in size and difficult in issuing, and centralized application issuing, zero configuration deploying and fast issuing can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to virtual computer environment technical field, be specifically related to a kind of generation and dispositions method of virtual device.
Background technology
At present, Intel Virtualization Technology is more and more extensive in the application of IT field.Along with the widespread deployment of multiple nucleus system, cluster, grid and cloud computing in recent years, the advantage of Intel Virtualization Technology in business application embodies day by day, not only reduce IT cost, but also strengthened security of system and reliability, during virtualized concept is also deep into gradually the daily work of people and lives.
The virtual platform Intel Virtualization Technology that mainly refers to that we are usually said, by using control program, hide the real physical characteristics of specific calculation platform, for user provides computing environment that is abstract, unified, simulation, be called virtual machine, the operating system of moving in virtual machine is called as Client OS; We are referred to as main frame the actual physical machine of operation virtual machine, and the operating system of operation monitor of virtual machine is called as host operating system.
In virtual computation environmental, the subject matter running in the exploitation of application software, distribution, deployment is:
(1) exploitation difficulty, shows that Application and Development software must consider to take into account multiple platforms, as Windows, Linux etc., is also noted that the different editions of each platform, as Windows XP, Windows7 etc.
(2) dispose trouble, the installation of application is difficult to avoid complex steps conventionally, and training difficulty, is easy to generation problem.
(3) difficult in maintenance, provide an application not only to comprise the software of application software developer, also comprise operating system, database, middleware, developing instrument collection etc., these factors are all that maintenance and the upgrading of software brings risk.
The difficulty of disposing for solving applied software development, in virtual computation environmental, can be used virtual device technology.Virtual device, is a pre-configured software stack, comprises one or more virtual machines, and wherein each virtual machine can self-operating, and from tape operation system and relevant application, and clear and definite its required virtual resource.Virtual device is compared with common virtual machine, and it all has certain advantage at aspects such as cross-platform, support to multi-layer framework, pre-configured and pre-optimizations.Be embodied in following some:
The one, exploitation is simple.Because developer can limit the version of operating system, middleware and database software that application software moves, such as SLES11, WAS7 and DB29.7 etc., to effectively dwindle the scope of development& testing like this, thereby greatly reduce difficulty and the complexity of application and development and test.
The 2nd, dispose simple.While using virtual device mode to dispose, without according to first installing operating system, middleware, database are installed again, the mode of application software is finally installed disposes, but directly dispose and become complete application system, originally the work that needs several days can be shortened to a few minutes, original tens step operations can be simplified to a step.
The 3rd, safeguard simple.Because whole virtual device is all to come from same software developer (ISV), thus any software upgrading and technical support, all need only and ISV contact just passable, simplified related procedure.
The demand of virtual device is impelled to the birth of open virtual machine form (OVF, Open Virtualization Format).Publisher's distributed task management group (DMTF, Distributed Management Task Force) of OVF is a non-profit-making industry member cooperative association.The design concept major embodiment of OVF is these six aspects below:
(1) be convenient to distribution: support the safety practice such as authentication and integrity check of virtual device, and the administrative mechanism of software license is provided;
(2) support multiple framework: comprise single virtual machine, multiple virtual machine or multilayer (Multi-Tier) framework;
(3) cross-platform: OVF agreement does not rely on specific virtual platform, for example VMware or Xen;
(4) open protocol: OVF agreement is the product of cooperating between industry Ji great Intel Virtualization Technology supplier, and encourages more enterprise participation wherein;
(5) can expand: OVF agreement can not only meet existing requirement, and in order to meet virtual device technology development and some special needs, it also supports expansion to a certain degree;
(6) support localization: this can help the user of those non-English speaking countries to use expediently.
In an OVF bag, comprise following master files:
(1) OVF description document: being commonly referred to " OVF envelope ", is an XML document, for example, for defining the ingredient (virtual machine) of whole virtual device, and the characteristic of each ingredient and resource requirement, suffix is called " .ovf ";
(2) virtual disk files: the i.e. scale-of-two disk mirroring of virtual machine;
(3) inventory file: SHA-1 summary that inventory comprises each file in OVF bag (also claim " verification and "), its effect is the integrality of guaranteeing bag, suffix is called " .mf ";
(4) certificate file: effect is the credibility of guaranteeing whole virtual device by inventory file is carried out to digital signature, with the X.509 certificate form storage of base64 coding, suffix is called " .cert ";
(5) OVF environment (Environment) file: the XML document of a key assignments (Key-Value) form, for setting and safeguard the configuration of software on virtual machine, suffix is called " .env ".
Existing virtual device itself is a complete application system, has completed installation and the configuration of software.In the time disposing, can only revise a small amount of operating system basic configuration, as IP address, CPU number etc.Virtual device technology is used widely in business software at present, as VMware, and IBM, the companies such as Oracle all issue the application software of oneself with the form of virtual device.User downloads virtual device by network, is deployed in virtual computation environmental, starts virtual machine, just can use corresponding software, does not need to consider physical machine, operating system, and the software and hardware compatibling problems such as Runtime Library environment, do not need to carry out the installation configuration of software yet.
Virtual device itself comprises the full content that moves virtual machine, comprises operating system, database, middleware and application software etc.But at present, operating system constantly becomes large to the requirement of hard drive space, in situation of installing as typical in WindowsXP, needs hundreds of MB, and Windows7 needs about 5～6GB, and acceptance of the bid kylin (SuSE) Linux OS needs about 2～3G.Comparatively speaking, the volume of application software is much smaller, is conventionally no more than 100MB.Many times, the virtual device that different infosystems is used, the operating system using is identical (such as being all Windows2003), different just application software parts.In this case, if issue multiple virtual devices, so actually, identical basic operating system file is repeated to have issued repeatedly.In the time using Internet Transmission mode to issue, can cause the network bandwidth to repeat to take with data transmission period and extend; In the time using CD or portable hard drive mode to issue, can cause waste to hard-disk capacity.
Therefore, need a kind of dispositions method based on virtual device of development badly, for the demand of disposing infosystem in virtual computation environmental, solve in existing commercial virtual device technology device file excessive, to transmission bandwidth requirement is large, the transmission time is longer, and the problem of hard-disk capacity waste.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of dispositions method based on virtual device, to improve the deployment efficiency of virtual device, and disk size and network bandwidth requirement while reducing device distribution.
In order to realize this purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A kind of generation of virtual device and dispositions method, by the complete virtual machine image that virtual device is used, be decomposed into two parts of foundation forms and business device, the volume that effectively reduces the virtual device file that needs distribution in guaranteeing virtual device complete function, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) dispose virtual computation environmental
(1.1) dispose physical host: the web hosting service device operating system take the virtual machine manager based on kernel as virtualization layer is installed, and moves Agent, with management server communication, realize monitoring function above;
(1.2) dispose management server: on management server, move virtual management tool software, and database support programs;
(2) under the support of virtual computation environmental, realize the generation of virtual device and dispose function by virtual device module, following virtual device module is set respectively:
(2.1) common template storehouse: by template generating virtual machines wherein; Template is the virtual machine image file that basic operating system has been installed;
(2.2) component inventory: be used for preserving all virtual devices of virtual computation environmental, provide service operation ability by virtual device; Each virtual device is wherein installing operating system and service application software in advance, and clear and definite its required virtual resource;
(2.3) device generation container: by the template establishment intermediateness virtual machine in device generation container, install and configuring application software, intermediateness virtual machine is converted to virtual device; Device generation container comprises: command analysis device; Template load module; Device generation program;
(2.4) device assembling vessel: be written into virtual device by it from component inventory, assembly device, go forward side by side line activating and basic configuration, be published to the application configuring in virtual computation environmental; Device assembling vessel comprises: command analysis device, device analysis program, device linkage editor, device active program, auto configurator, device issues program;
(2.5) performance element: the interface that comes the front-end user interface of virtual computation environmental and other module and call virtual device operation module by it, calls virtual device operation module according to operational order;
(3) utilize front-end user interface, create generating virtual device:
(3.1) input the essential information of virtual device by front-end user interface;
(3.2) use front-end user interface, by performance element, call the command analysis device of device generation container;
(3.3) template load module is written into template from common template storehouse, generates interim intermediateness virtual machine; The virtual disk files of intermediateness virtual machine comprises 2 parts: basic templates file and disk differential file, and wherein basic templates file is the template in common template storehouse, disk differential file records the difference part of virtual machine disk and common template;
(3.4) pass through virtual machine active program virtual machine activation, be delivered for use;
(3.5) in intermediate state virtual machine, application software is installed, and carries out functional verification;
(3.6) device generation program saves as virtual device the virtual disk files of intermediate state virtual machine; In the time preserving, only preserve disk differential file, do not preserve basic templates file.
(4) dispose virtual device:
Be published to while using in virtual computation environmental being kept at virtual device in virtual device storehouse, carry out mapping out the work of virtual device by front-end user interface:
(4.1) by front-end user interface, use performance element, call the command analysis device of device assembling vessel;
(4.2) be written into after virtual device, by device analysis program, virtual device untied, the template that the virtual machine of parsing device uses;
(4.3) according to the configuration of device, template package program is written into corresponding operating system template from common template storehouse, and synthesizes complete virtual machine image with the disk differential file business device file group in device;
(4.4) device active program, according to the configuration of device, starts virtual machine according to the resource distribution of requirement on devices;
(4.5) auto configurator, according to user's configuration, is revised the basic configuration of virtual machine, comprises IP address, host name, user cipher;
(4.6) device issues program is published to the virtual device having activated in virtual computation environmental, and service is provided.
Further, automatic generation and the dispositions method of a kind of virtual device as above, in step (2.1), virtual computation environmental provides the operating system template of various criterion, guarantees that the template using in the virtual computation environmental of commensurate's deployment is identical.
Further, automatic generation and the dispositions method of a kind of virtual device as above, in step (2.2), the source of the virtual device in component inventory comprises 2 kinds: that other unit issues, in this virtual computation environmental, generate.
Further, automatic generation and the dispositions method of a kind of virtual device as above, in step (3.1), the essential information of virtual device comprises title, function declaration.
Further, automatic generation and the dispositions method of a kind of virtual device as above, in step (3.5), the installation method that user installs application software in intermediate state virtual machine is selected from the one in following two kinds of methods: install, file is directly copied to virtual machine image from section server.
Technical solution of the present invention is by proposing assembly type virtual device modelling technique, utilize virtual device technology, solve submission, deployment, the configuration difficulty problem consuming time of application software, and it is excessive to solve in existing commercial technology virtual device volume, issue difficult problem, can realize the concentrated of application and issue, zero configuration is disposed, Quick thread, thus the deployment issue of application software solved.And this assembly type virtual device technology can be applicable to basic software and the deployment of application software in virtual computation environmental.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is device generation process flow diagram in technical solution of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is device assembling flow path figure in technical solution of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, technical solution of the present invention is elaborated.
Automatic generation and the dispositions method of virtual device, by the complete virtual machine image that virtual device is used, be decomposed into two parts of foundation forms and business device, realizes automatic generation and the deployment of virtual device, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) dispose virtual computation environmental
(1.1) dispose physical host: the web hosting service device operating system take the virtual machine manager based on kernel as virtualization layer is installed, and moves Agent, with management server communication, realize monitoring function above;
(1.2) dispose management server: move above by virtual management tool software, and database support programs;
(2) under the support of virtual computation environmental, realize the generation of virtual device and dispose function by virtual device module, following virtual device module is set respectively:
(2.1) common template storehouse: by template generating virtual machines wherein; Template is the virtual machine image file that basic operating system has been installed; Virtual computation environmental provides the operating system template of various criterion, guarantees that the template using in the virtual computation environmental of commensurate's deployment is identical.
(2.2) component inventory: be used for preserving all virtual devices of virtual computation environmental, provide service operation ability by virtual device; Each virtual device is wherein installing operating system and service application software in advance, and clear and definite its required virtual resource; The source of the virtual device in component inventory comprises 2 kinds: that other unit issues, in this virtual computation environmental, generate.
(2.3) device generation container: by the template establishment intermediateness virtual machine in device generation container, install and configuring application software, intermediateness virtual machine is converted to virtual device;
As shown in Figure 1, device generation container comprises: command analysis device; Template load module; Device generation program;
(2.4) device assembling vessel: be written into virtual device by it from component inventory, assembly device, go forward side by side line activating and basic configuration, be published to the application configuring in virtual computation environmental;
As shown in Figure 2, device assembler comprises: command analysis device, device analysis program, device linkage editor, device active program, auto configurator, device issues program;
(2.5) performance element: the interface that comes the front-end user interface of virtual computation environmental and other module and call virtual device operation module by it, calls virtual device operation module according to operational order;
(3) utilize front-end user interface, create generating virtual device:
(3.1) input the essential information of virtual device by front-end user interface; The essential information of virtual device comprises title, function declaration.
(3.2) use front-end user interface, by performance element, call the command analysis device of device generation container;
(3.3) template load module is written into template from common template storehouse, generates interim intermediateness virtual machine; The virtual disk files of intermediateness virtual machine comprises 2 parts: basic templates file and disk differential file, and wherein basic templates file is the template in common template storehouse, disk differential file records the difference part of virtual machine disk and common template;
(3.4) pass through virtual machine active program virtual machine activation, be delivered for use;
(3.5) in intermediate state virtual machine, application software is installed, and carries out functional verification;
The installation method that user installs application software in intermediate state virtual machine is selected from the one in following two kinds of methods: install, file is directly copied to virtual machine image from section server.
(3.6) device generation program saves as virtual device the virtual disk files of intermediate state virtual machine; In the time preserving, only preserve disk differential file, do not preserve basic templates file;
(4) dispose virtual device:
Be published to while using in virtual computation environmental being kept at virtual device in virtual device storehouse, carry out mapping out the work of virtual device by front-end user interface:
(4.1) by front-end user interface, use performance element, call the command analysis device of device assembling vessel;
(4.2) be written into after virtual device, by device analysis program, virtual device untied, the template that the virtual machine of parsing device uses;
(4.3) according to the configuration of device, template package program is written into corresponding operating system template from common template storehouse, and the synthetic complete virtual machine image of disk differential file business device file group in device;
(4.4) device active program, according to the configuration of device, starts virtual machine according to the resource distribution of requirement on devices;
(4.5) auto configurator, according to user's configuration, is revised the basic configuration of virtual machine, comprises IP address, host name, user cipher;
(4.6) device issues program is published to the virtual device having activated in virtual computation environmental, and service is provided.
Claims (5)
1. automatic generation and the dispositions method of a virtual device, it is characterized in that: by the complete virtual machine image that virtual device is used, be decomposed into two parts of foundation forms and business device, realize automatic generation and the deployment of virtual device, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) dispose virtual computation environmental
(1.1) dispose physical host: the web hosting service device operating system take the virtual machine manager based on kernel as virtualization layer is installed, and moves Agent, with management server communication, realize monitoring function above;
(1.2) dispose management server: move above by virtual management tool software, and database support programs;
(2) under the support of virtual computation environmental, realize the generation of virtual device and dispose function by virtual device module, following virtual device module is set respectively:
(2.1) common template storehouse: by template generating virtual machines wherein; Template is the virtual machine image file that basic operating system has been installed;
(2.2) component inventory: be used for preserving all virtual devices of virtual computation environmental, provide service operation ability by virtual device; Each virtual device is wherein installing operating system and service application software in advance, and clear and definite its required virtual resource;
(2.3) device generation container: by the template establishment intermediateness virtual machine in device generation container, install and configuring application software, intermediateness virtual machine is converted to virtual device;
Device generation container comprises: command analysis device; Template load module; Device generation program;
(2.4) device assembling vessel: be written into virtual device by it from component inventory, assembly device, go forward side by side line activating and basic configuration, be published to the application configuring in virtual computation environmental;
Device assembler comprises: command analysis device, device analysis program, device linkage editor, device active program, auto configurator, device issues program;
(2.5) performance element: the interface that comes the front-end user interface of virtual computation environmental and other module and call virtual device operation module by it, calls virtual device operation module according to operational order;
(3) utilize front-end user interface, create generating virtual device
(3.1) input the essential information of virtual device by front-end user interface;
(3.2) use front-end user interface, by performance element, call the command analysis device of device generation container;
(3.3) template load module is written into template from common template storehouse, generates interim intermediateness virtual machine; The virtual disk files of intermediateness virtual machine comprises 2 parts: basic templates file and disk differential file, and wherein basic templates file is the template in common template storehouse, disk differential file records the difference part of virtual machine disk and common template;
(3.4) pass through virtual machine active program virtual machine activation, be delivered for use;
(3.5) in intermediate state virtual machine, application software is installed, and carries out functional verification;
(3.6) device generation program saves as virtual device the virtual disk files of intermediate state virtual machine; In the time preserving, only preserve disk differential file, do not preserve basic templates file;
(4) dispose virtual device
Be published to while using in virtual computation environmental being kept at virtual device in virtual device storehouse, carry out mapping out the work of virtual device by front-end user interface:
(4.1) by front-end user interface, use performance element, call the command analysis device of device assembling vessel;
(4.2) be written into after virtual device, by device analysis program, virtual device untied, the template that the virtual machine of parsing device uses;
(4.3) according to the configuration of device, template package program is written into corresponding operating system template from common template storehouse, and the synthetic complete virtual machine image of disk differential file business device file group in device;
(4.4) device active program, according to the configuration of device, starts virtual machine according to the resource distribution of requirement on devices;
(4.5) auto configurator, according to user's configuration, is revised the basic configuration of virtual machine, comprises IP address, host name, user cipher;
(4.6) device issues program is published to the virtual device having activated in virtual computation environmental, and service is provided.
2. automatic generation and the dispositions method of a kind of virtual device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (2.1), virtual computation environmental provides the operating system template of various criterion, guarantees that the template using in the virtual computation environmental of commensurate's deployment is identical.
3. automatic generation and the dispositions method of a kind of virtual device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (2.2), the source of the virtual device in component inventory comprises 2 kinds: that other unit issues, in this virtual computation environmental, generate.
4. automatic generation and the dispositions method of a kind of virtual device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (3.1), the essential information of virtual device comprises title, function declaration.
5. automatic generation and the dispositions method of a kind of virtual device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (3.5), the installation method that user installs application software in intermediate state virtual machine is selected from the one in following two kinds of methods: install, file is directly copied to virtual machine image from section server.
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| CN111527474A (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2020-08-11 | 国际商业机器公司 | Dynamic delivery of software functionality |
| CN111527474B (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2023-12-26 | 国际商业机器公司 | Dynamic delivery of software functions |
| CN110198329B (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2022-05-13 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Database deployment method, device and system, electronic equipment and readable medium |
| CN110198329A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2019-09-03 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Database deployment method, device and system, electronic equipment and readable medium |
| CN110290172A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-09-27 | 平安科技（深圳）有限公司 | Container application cloning process, device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN110290172B (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2022-02-11 | 平安科技（深圳）有限公司 | Container application cloning method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN112954040A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-11 | 深圳融安网络科技有限公司 | Method, system, device and storage medium for embedding application release server |
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