CN103789650A - Preparation method of wear-resistant high-speed steel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of wear-resistant high-speed steel. The high-speed steel is composed of the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.1-1.3% of C, 1.4-1.6% of Si, 0.1-0.3% of Mn, 1.5-1.8% of Co, 6.5-7.5% of Cr, 4-6% of W, 2.5-3.5% of Mo, 1.1-1.3% of V, 0.25-0.45% of Ce, 0.10-0.20% of Nb, less than 0.04% of S, less than 0.05% of P and the balance of Fe. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) smelting; (2) adjusting the components; (3) carrying out modification treatment; (4) directly pouring to form a casting when the temperature of molten steel is up to 1520-1540 DEG C; (5) finally, preserving the heat of the high-speed steel casting at the temperature of 880-900 DEG C for 2-3h, and then, carrying out normalizing treatment.

Description

A kind of preparation method of wear-resistant high speed steel

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of ferrous metallurgy, relate in particular to a kind of preparation method of wear-resistant high speed steel.

Background technology

Wearing and tearing are a kind of ubiquitous phenomenons, and wearing and tearing cause the very big consumption of material and the huge waste of the energy, and exploitation wear resistance high-abrasive material high, with low cost is the problem of domestic and international common concern.Rapid steel is a kind of high-abrasive material of excellence, has been widely used in the fields such as metallurgy, machinery, mine.If the W6Mo5Cr4V2 rapid steel of domestic widespread use is as tool and mould, there is the features such as long service life and safety in utilization are good.

In order further to improve rapid steel wear resistance, on W6Mo5Cr4V2 rapid steel basis, increase vanadium, carbon content, to generate the MC type carbide of high rigidity, develop the high vanadium type of high-carbon rapid steel.Chinese invention patent CN1264749 discloses a kind of high-speed antiwear cast steel, is applicable to large-scale wearing piece, composite roller operational layer.The specific chemical composition (% by weight) that is characterized in it is as follows: 1.8-4.2%C, 2-12%W, 3-12%Mo, 4-15%Cr, 2.5-10%V, 0-10%Co, 0.3-2.5%Nb, 0.5-1.5%Si, 0.3-0.8%Mn, 0.02-0.10%N, S≤0.03%, P≤0.03%, all the other are Fe, this invention feature is a kind of high-carbon, high vanadium mold casting rapid steel, and castability is good, wear-resisting and red hardness good.Chinese invention patent CN101153376 also discloses a kind of manufacture method of high-vanadium, high-cobalt high speed steel, and its composition quality per-cent is: C 1.1～2.18, W 5.0～8.0, Mo 4.0～6.0, Cr 3.0～5.0, V 1.2～8.3, Co 6.5～11.5, all the other are Fe.Processing step comprises to be prepared mother alloy, reaction-injection moulding, forge hot, Q-tempering processing, turning milling and ground or carries out the processing of TiN/Al TiN coating.The screening of powder in powder metallurgy, mixed batch, encapsulation, the operations such as static pressure such as hot and cold have been omitted in this invention, do not need expensive facility investment, and performance meets or exceeds Powder High-speed Steels, be particularly suitable for making high speed cutting, high thermohardening, high life cutter as the hobboing cutter of large-scale broaching tool, gear shaver and machining gears, pinion cutter, all kinds of milling cutters of numerically-controlled machine etc., also can be used for making mould etc.Chinese invention patent CN1873039 also discloses a kind of high carbon, silicon contained high-speed steel in superhard, and high toughness and thermal treatment process, the chemical composition of described rapid steel is calculated by weight percentage, is respectively C:0.6-1.1, W:5.50-6.75, Mo:4.50-5.50, Cr:3.80-4.40, V:1.75-2.20, Mn:0.15-0.40, S :≤0.03, P :≤0.03, Si 0.8-1.2, surplus is Fe; Described thermal treatment process is: first 1180-1220 ℃ of quenching, then 550-560 ℃ of tempering three times, each 1-2 hour; When carbon content is 0.6-0.85, before quenching, needing to carry out supersaturated carburizing makes carbon contents reach 0.95-1.10; Product price of the present invention is cheap, and obdurability is good, and after thermal treatment, hardness can reach 67 ± 1HRC.Chinese invention patent CN1811003 also discloses a kind of super hard no-Co high speed steel.Its weight ratio consists of: the iron of carbon 1.00-1.20, tungsten 6.50-7.50, molybdenum 3.50-5.00, chromium 3.50-4.50, vanadium 1.60-2.20, silicon 0.60-1.20, manganese 0.20-0.60, nitrogen 0.04-0.10 and surplus.Chinese invention patent CN1824820 also discloses a kind of novel alloy rapid steel, relate in particular to a kind of novel chrome steel high speed steel and thermal treatment process thereof, this rapid steel comprises by weight percentage: carbon C0.85%～1.05%, silicon Si 0.2%～0.4%, manganese Mn0.2%～0.4%, chromium Cr 9.0%～11.0%, tungsten W2.5%～3.5%, molybdenum Mo0.6%～2.0%, vanadium V0.4%～2.0%, nickel 0.1%～0.3%, cobalt Co0.2%～5.0%, niobium Nb0.8～1.2%, sulphur S≤0.015%, phosphorus P≤0.02%, its surplus is iron Fe.The novel chrome steel high speed steel of this invention has enough toughness and wear resistance, be applicable to making various cold-punching moulds, cutting tool, cutter, and production cost is low.

But complicated high-temperature heat treatment will be carried out in the above-mentioned high speed steel capital, energy consumption is high, and workpiece surface oxidation is serious, and yielding, the cracking of working in high-temperature heat treatment process.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to propose a kind of preparation method of wear-resistant high speed steel, this rapid steel, by the allotment of chemical composition, has been cancelled the quenching heat treatment that exceedes 1000 ℃, makes this rapid steel have high rigidity and excellent wear resistance simultaneously.

For reaching this object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:

A preparation method for wear-resistant high speed steel, the chemical composition of this rapid steel is made up of following component by weight percentage: C:1.1-1.3, Si:1.4-1.6, Mn:0.1-0.3, Co:1.5-1.8, Cr:6.5-7.5, W:4-6, Mo:2.5-3.5, V:1.1-1.3, Ce:0.25-0.45, Nb:0.10-0.20, S < 0.04, P < 0.05, surplus is Fe, and described preparation method comprises the steps:

1) steel scrap, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferro-cobalt, ferrotungsten and molybdenum-iron are blended in to heat fused in electric furnace;

2) stokehold adjusting component rises to 1610-1630 ℃ by temperature after qualified, adds reductor aluminium, then adds successively vanadium iron and ferro-niobium;

3) cerium ferrosilicon is crushed to the fritter that granularity is less than 15mm, after 200 ℃ of following oven dry, is placed in casting ladle bottom, by the method that pours in wrapping to the molten steel processing of going bad;

4), when liquid steel temperature reaches 1520-1540 ℃, directly pour into foundry goods;

5) finally by rapid steel foundry goods soaking time 2-3 hour at 880-900 ℃, then carry out normalizing treatment.

The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:

1) rapid steel after normalizing of the present invention, hardness reaches 66-68HRC, has cancelled higher than the quenching heat treatment of 1000 ℃, has the advantages such as energy consumption is low, with short production cycle.

2) the present invention makes Hardness of High Speed Steel high by the composition of alloy element and the allotment of content, and wear resistance is good, and red hardness is good, and obdurability is good, and production cost is low.

Embodiment

Embodiment mono-

A preparation method for wear-resistant high speed steel, the chemical composition of this rapid steel is made up of following component by weight percentage: C:1.1, Si:1.6, Mn:0.1, Co:1.8, Cr:6.5, W:6, Mo:2.5, V:1.3, Ce:0.25, Nb:0.20, S < 0.04, P < 0.05, surplus is Fe, and described preparation method comprises the steps:

1) steel scrap, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferro-cobalt, ferrotungsten and molybdenum-iron are blended in to heat fused in electric furnace;

2) stokehold adjusting component rises to 1610 ℃ by temperature after qualified, adds reductor aluminium, then adds successively vanadium iron and ferro-niobium;

3) cerium ferrosilicon is crushed to the fritter that granularity is less than 15mm, after 200 ℃ of following oven dry, is placed in casting ladle bottom, by the method that pours in wrapping to the molten steel processing of going bad;

4), when liquid steel temperature reaches 1520 ℃, directly pour into foundry goods;

5) finally by rapid steel foundry goods soaking time 3 hours at 880 ℃, then carry out normalizing treatment.

Embodiment bis-

A preparation method for wear-resistant high speed steel, the chemical composition of this rapid steel is made up of following component by weight percentage: C:1.3, Si:1.4, Mn:0.3, Co:1.5, Cr:7.5, W:4, Mo:3.5, V:1.1, Ce:0.45, Nb:0.10, S < 0.04, P < 0.05, surplus is Fe, and described preparation method comprises the steps:

1) steel scrap, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferro-cobalt, ferrotungsten and molybdenum-iron are blended in to heat fused in electric furnace;

2) stokehold adjusting component rises to 1630 ℃ by temperature after qualified, adds reductor aluminium, then adds successively vanadium iron and ferro-niobium;

3) cerium ferrosilicon is crushed to the fritter that granularity is less than 15mm, after 200 ℃ of following oven dry, is placed in casting ladle bottom, by the method that pours in wrapping to the molten steel processing of going bad;

4), when liquid steel temperature reaches 1540 ℃, directly pour into foundry goods;

5) finally by rapid steel foundry goods soaking time 2 hours at 900 ℃, then carry out normalizing treatment.

Embodiment tri-

A preparation method for wear-resistant high speed steel, the chemical composition of this rapid steel is made up of following component by weight percentage: C:1.2, Si:1.5, Mn:0.2, Co:1.65, Cr:7.0, W:5, Mo:3, V:1.2, Ce:0.35, Nb:0.15, S < 0.04, P < 0.05, surplus is Fe, and described preparation method comprises the steps:

1) steel scrap, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferro-cobalt, ferrotungsten and molybdenum-iron are blended in to heat fused in electric furnace;

2) stokehold adjusting component rises to 1620 ℃ by temperature after qualified, adds reductor aluminium, then adds successively vanadium iron and ferro-niobium;

3) cerium ferrosilicon is crushed to the fritter that granularity is less than 15mm, after 200 ℃ of following oven dry, is placed in casting ladle bottom, by the method that pours in wrapping to the molten steel processing of going bad;

4), when liquid steel temperature reaches 1530 ℃, directly pour into foundry goods;

5) finally by rapid steel foundry goods soaking time 2.5 hours at 890 ℃, then carry out normalizing treatment.

Claims (1)

1. a preparation method for wear-resistant high speed steel, is characterized in that, the chemical composition of this rapid steel is made up of following component by weight percentage: C:1.1-1.3, Si:1.4-1.6, Mn:0.1-0.3, Co:1.5-1.8, Cr:6.5-7.5, W:4-6, Mo:2.5-3.5, V:1.1-1.3, Ce:0.25-0.45, Nb:0.10-0.20, S < 0.04, P < 0.05, surplus is Fe, described preparation method comprises the steps:

1) steel scrap, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferro-cobalt, ferrotungsten and molybdenum-iron are blended in to heat fused in electric furnace;

2) stokehold adjusting component rises to 1610-1630 ℃ by temperature after qualified, adds reductor aluminium, then adds successively vanadium iron and ferro-niobium;

3) cerium ferrosilicon is crushed to the fritter that granularity is less than 15mm, after 200 ℃ of following oven dry, is placed in casting ladle bottom, by the method that pours in wrapping to the molten steel processing of going bad;

4), when liquid steel temperature reaches 1520-1540 ℃, directly pour into foundry goods;

5) finally by rapid steel foundry goods soaking time 2-3 hour at 880-900 ℃, then carry out normalizing treatment.